<C7D1B1B9C0C7C7D0B1B3C0B0C7D0C8B8C1F B1C733C8A32D E392E312E687770>

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "<C7D1B1B9C0C7C7D0B1B3C0B0C7D0C8B8C1F B1C733C8A32D E392E312E687770>"

Transcription

1 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training Hyo-Jin Kwon 1, Young-Mee Lee 1, Hyung-Joo Chang 1 and Ae-Ri Kim 2 Departments of 1 Medical Humanities and 2 Pathology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 전공의공통교육과정에대한요구분석 고려대학교의과대학 1 의인문학교실, 2 병리학교실 권효진 1, 이영미 1, 장형주 1, 김애리 2 Purpose: The core curriculum in graduate medical education (GME) is an educational program that covers the minimum body of knowledge and skills that is required of all residents, regardless of their specialty. This study examined the opinions of stakeholders in GME regarding the core curriculum. Methods: A questionnaire was administered at three tertiary hospitals that were affiliated with one university; 192 residents and 61 faculty members and attending physicians participated in the survey. The questionnaire comprised six items on physician competency and the needs for a core curriculum. Questions on subjects or topics and adequate training years for each topics were asked only to residents. Results: Most residents (78.6%) and faculty members (86.9%) chose medical expertise as the doctor s role in the 21st century. In contrast, communicator, manager, and collaborator were recognized by less than 30% of all participants. Most residents (74.1%) responded that a core curriculum is necessary but not feasible, whereas 68.3% of faculty members answered that it is absolutely needed. Regarding subjects that should be included in the core curriculum, residents and faculty members had disparate preferences residents preferred more management of a private clinic and financial management, whereas faculty members desired medical ethics and communication skills. Conclusion: Residents and faculty members agree that residents should develop a wide range of competencies in their training. However, the perception of the feasibility and opinions on the contents of the core curriculum differed between groups. Further studies with larger samples should be conducted to define the roles and professional competencies of physicians and the needs for a core curriculum in GME. Key Words: Medical graduate, Internship and residency, Education, Curriculum 서론 전공의가학습자인졸업후의학교육 (graduate medical education, GME) 은의과대학교육 (basic medical education) 과보수교육 (continuous professional development) 의연장선중에서임상전문과목의진료역량을습득하게되는핵심적시기이다. 그러나최근급속한사회의발전과문화적변화 Received: June 22, 2015 Revised: July 23, 2015 Accepted: July 27, 2015 Corresponding Author: Young-Mee Lee ( Department of Medical Humanities, Korea University College of Medicine, 73 Inchon-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel: Fax: ymleehj@korea.ac.kr Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3): eissn: C The Korean Society of Medical Education. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 201

2 Hyo-Jin Kwon, et al : Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training 에따라, 졸업후의학교육기간동안해당분야의진료역량만을갖추어서는전문의로서사회의요구에부응하기어렵다는것이일반적인견해이다 [1,2,3,4]. 이에따라, 국제적으로전공의수련기간동안전공분야임상교육과훈련이외미래사회의요구를수용할수있도록전문의로서갖추어야할역량에대한연구와전문단체의권고가지속적으로개발되고있다. 대표적인예가미국의졸업후의학교육인증평가원 (Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, ACGME) 의권고안과캐나다의 Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada 의 CandMEDS 2005 이다. ACGME 에서는전문의가갖추어야할역량으로환자진료 (patient care), 의학지식 (medical knowledge), 진료바탕학습및향상 (practice-based learning and improvement), 대인관계및의사소통기술 (interpersonal and communication skills), 의사직업전문성 (professionalism), 시스템바탕진료 (systems-based practice) 6개역량을권고하였다. CandMEDS 2005에서는의료전문가 (medical expert), 의사소통가 (communicator), 협력자 (collaborator), 관리자 (manager), 건강옹호자 (health advocate), 학자 (scholar), 전문가 (professional) 7개역량을전문의가갖추어야할역량으로정의하고각각의세부역량을구체적으로제시하였다 [5,6,7]. 또한이러한단체에서는제시한역량을갖춘의사를양성하는데필요한실제적으로교육기관에서제공해야할학습경험을개발하기위하여 공통교육과정프로젝트 (core curriculum project) 를수행하여전공의교육과정에대한가이드라인을제시하였다 [8,9]. 공통교육과정 (core curriculum) 은전공분야와상관없이전공의교육훈련전반에걸쳐제공되는일련의기본적인학습경험으로정의된다 [9]. 즉, 임상전문과목지식과기술외에윤리, 의료법, 사회경제학, 비용관리, 의사소통능력, 연구설계및통계, 연구결과에대한비판적사고와적용등이이에해당되며전통적인전공의교육과정내에포함하도록권고하고있다 [10,11]. 공통교육과정을전공의교육에활용하는사례는서구국가에서찾아볼수있다. 캐나다 Manitoba 의과대학은전공의들을대상으로의학통계, 의료역학, 의사소통기술, 교수법, 진료관리, 의료윤리와법적문제등의주제로총 30회기에걸친공통교육과정을시행하여참가자들의높은만족도를이끌어내었으며교육저변을확대하기위한노력을 계속하고있다 [1]. 미국의대학부속병원에서전공의공통교육과정을시행하고평가한선행연구들에서는교육과정에대한높은만족도뿐아니라참가자들의진료관리능력이향상되었음을객관적시험으로입증하여공통교육의단기적효과를보고하였다. 이들연구에서시행한공통교육과정에포함된주제는진료관리, 법의학, 연구설계, 비판적사고능력, 협진의뢰서작성기술, 리더십, 개인재정및병원관리, 인적자원관리, 팀활동의이해등이었다 [12,13]. 공통교육과정은전공의수련의전반에걸쳐지속적으로제공되는것으로전공과의의학적지식과기술과어우러져서전문의로서의소양을풍부하게하고향후평생에걸친보수교육기간에개발될직업전문성의토대를마련하는중요한경험이다. 우리나라에서도전공의공통교육과정개발연구가시행된바있으나, 전문의가갖추어야할역량에대한정의와구성요소, 이를성취하기위해서필요한전문과목이외의교육에대한합의에는아직도달하지못하고있다. 더구나공통교육과정에대한전공의교육관련단체의인식이충분하지못하며, 정의및교육내용에대한합의, 현실적용가능성검토등에대한연구가미미한실정이다 [14]. 또한국내의전공의공통교육과정에대한연구중에는교육의수요자인전공의의교육요구분석을시행한것이거의없다. 이에, 이연구는공통교육과정의수혜자와제공자인전공의와지도전문의를대상으로, 첫째, 전문의가갖추어야할역량에대한인식을확인하고, 둘째, 전공의를위한공통교육과정에대한요구를파악하였다. 대상및방법 1. 연구대상서울소재일개의과대학산하 3개부속병원에서근무하는전공의와지도전문의가조사의대상이었다. 2012년 6월에서 9월까지각부속병원의교육수련팀의협조를받아전공의들에게설문지를배포하였으며, 총 199개를회수하였다 ( 회수율 : 38.8%, 모집단수 : 513 명 ). 이연구에서는대학부속병원에서전공의에대한교육과수련을제공하는교수, 임상교수, 202 Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3):

3 권효진외 : 전공의공통교육과정에대한요구분석 전임의를 지도전문의 로정의하였다. 지도전문의를대상으로하는설문지는 2012년 5월과 6월동안편의추출방법으로대상을선정하여설문의목적과내용을설명하고참여에동의한교수, 임상교수및전임의에게설문지를배포하였고총 65 개를회수하였다. 회수한설문지중에서불성실한응답을제외하고전공의대상설문지 192 개 ( 전체모집단중 37.4%), 지도전문의대상설문지 61개를분석하였다. 최종분석에포함한대상자들의인구통계학적분포는 Table 1과같다. 전공의는남성 112명 (58.3%), 여성 80명 (41.7%) 이었다. 소속과는설문지에참여자들에게직접기술하도록하였으나연구자들이임의로정한 Table 1. Participants Demographics Demographic Resident Faculty/attending physician a) Sex Male 112 (58.3) 43 (70.5) Female 80 (41.7) 18 (29.5) Department b) 1 80 (41.7) 10 (16.4) 2 54 (28.1) 10 (16.4) 3 58 (30.2) 16 (26.2) 4-3 (4.9) No answer - 22 (36.1) Position 1st 37 (19.3) - 2nd 42 (21.9) - 3rd 81 (42.2) - 4th 32 (16.7) - Clinical instructor - 10 (16.4) Clinical professor - 10 (16.4) Assistant professor - 2 (3.3) Associate professor - 12 (19.7) Professor - 27 (44.3) Total 192 (100.0) 61 (100.0) Data are presented as frequency (%). a) Faculty/attending physician included professor, associate professor, assistant professor, clinical professor, and clinical instructor, b) 1: Internal Medicine, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Medicine, Pediatrics, Dermatology, Family Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Neurology, Psychiatry, Occupational & Environmental Medicine. 2: General Surgery, Plastic Surgery, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology, Orthopedics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Neurosurgery. 3: Radiology, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Nuclear Medicine, Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, Radiology. 4: Basic Science. 3개계열로재분류하여분석하였다 ( 계열분류의자세한내용은 Table 1 참조 ). 내과계열 41.7%, 외과계열 28.1%, 지원과계열 30.2% 이었다. 전공의경력은 1년차 19.3%, 2년차 21.9%, 3년차 42.2%, 4년차 32명 16.7% 이었다. 지도전문의의성별분포는남성 43명 (70.5%), 여성 18명 (29.5%) 이었다. 소속과는내과계열 10명 (16.4%), 외과계열 10명 (16.4%), 지원과계열 16명 (26.2%), 기초의학계열 3명 (4.9%) 이었으며, 36.1% 는소속에대하여기록하지않았다. 직급별로는교수 27명 (44.3%), 부교수 12명 (19.7%), 조교수 2명 (3.3%), 임상지도전문의 10명 (16.4%), 전임의사 10명 (16.4%) 이었다. 2. 연구방법 1) 공통교육과정 에대한조작적정의이연구에서는선행연구및문헌검토를토대로 [1,5,6,10, 15,16,17,18], 전공의수련기간전반에걸쳐전문과목에상관없이제공되는임상지식과기술이외의교육경험을 공통교육과정 으로정의하였다. 2) 설문도구개발설문문항개발을위하여선행문헌검토와전공의개별면담을시행하였다. 선행연구분석을통해, 21세기의사가갖추어야할역량을추출하고이를성취하게하기위하여전공의교육과정중제공하고있는교육과정이나프로그램과그구성요소를조사하였다 [1,5,6,10,12,13]. 문헌조사에서도출된역량과공통교육과정의주제요소를바탕으로연구자들과의료원교육수련위원장및직원이다수의회의를진행하여, 공통교육프로그램의필요성과관련주제그리고연구대상자병원에서현재시행중인전공의워크숍에대한개선사항을포함하는설문지초안을개발하였다. 개발한설문지에대한문항의적절성과이해도및가독성, 선택지의포괄성등을점검하기위하여전공의 17명 ( 내과계열 11명, 외과계열 6명 ) 에게예비설문조사를시행하고피드백에따라설문의내용을수정, 보완하였다. 완성된설문내용은전공의와지도전문의공통문항을정하고대상자에맞추어 2가지양식으로설문지를제작하였다. 각설문지는 (1) 전공의및지도전문의공통문항, (2) 공통교육과정의주제및연차별시행시기 ( 전공의에게만질문 ), (3) 인 203

4 Hyo-Jin Kwon, et al : Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training 구통계학적정보, (4) 현행의료원전공의교육워크숍에대한개선사항의총 4개부분으로구성하였다. 이중에서현행의료원전공의워크숍에대한개선사항은이연구의목적과부합되지않는내용으로판단되어분석에서제외하였다. 전공의와지도전문의의공통문항은크게 2개범주즉, (1) 전문의가갖추어야할역량, (2) 공통교육과정에대한요구분석을위한 6개의문항이었다. 첫번째범주인 전문의가갖추어야할역량 에대한질문에는, (1) 21세기의사의역할, (2) 전공의가가장시급히갖추어야할역량 ( 임상영역및임상이외영역모두포함 ), (3) 임상과의전문적지식과술기이외에전공의과정중습득해야할역량의 3개문항을질문하였다. 21세기의사가수행할수있어야하는역할 에대한설문항목은 CanMEDS 2005 [6] 에서제시한역량 ( 임상전문가, 의학연구자, 건강관리의옹호자, 숙련된의사소통가, 협력자, 경영자 ) 을토대로개발하였으나, 교육자 의역할은추가로제시하였다. 또한, 7가지역할이외에다른역할이필요하다고생각할경우응답자들이자유기술란에기록하도록하였다. 전공의가가장시급하게갖추어야할역량 에대해서는 7개의주제를제시하였고, 임상과의전문적지식과술기외에습득해야할역량은 12개주제를제공하여중복선택할수있도록하였다. 각문항에제시된항목이외의추가의견은자유기술란에기입하도록하였다. 공통교육과정에대한요구분석 을위한문항에는, (1) 전공의공통교육과정시행필요성에대한의견 (4개선택보기및기타란포함 ), (2) 근무시간중공통교육프로그램에참여할의향 ( 또는참여시킬의향 ) (5 점 Likert 척도 : 1, 전혀아니다 ~5, 매우그렇다 ), (3) 전공의공통교육프로그램에포함되어야할영역 (12개선택보기제시및기타란포함 ) 등총 3개항목으로구성하였다. 전공의에게만추가로질문하였던 공통교육과정 의내용과제공시기는 12개주제를제시하고, 각주제의교육필요성 (1, 불필요 ; 2, 보통 ; 3, 필요 ) 과전공의연차별로적합하다고판단되는교육시기를선택하게하였다. 제작된전공의용설문지의신뢰도는 Cronbach α=0.89 이었고, 지도전문의용은 Cronbach α=0.73 이었다. 3) 분석방법연구에사용한설문지는단일응답과다중응답문항이섞여있었기때문에자료분석은응답형식의특성에적합한방법 을활용하였다. 즉, 단일응답문항분석에는빈도분석 (χ 2 ) 과평균차이검증 (t-test, ANOVA) 을, 다중응답문항에는교차분석을실시하였다. 통계분석에는 IBM SPSS Statistics 21 프로그램 (IBM Corp., New York, USA) 을사용하였다. 결과 1. 전문의가갖추어야할역량 21세기우리사회에서의사가수행해야할역할을조사한결과, 응답자의 80.6% ( 지도전문의 86.9%, 전공의 78.6%) 가임상전문가로서의역할을높이인식하고있었다. 그러나의학연구자로서의역할에대해서는 47.4% 만이동의하였으며지도전문의의응답률이전공의보다다소높았으나그차이는통계적으로유의하지않았다 (Table 2). 건강관리옹호자로서의역할에대해서는응답자의 33.6% 가동의하였으나, 숙련된의사소통가 (25.7%), 교육자 (17.4%), 협력자 (15%), 관리자 (13.4%) 로서의의사의역할에대해서는응답률이높지않았다. 특히최근전문의의역할로중요성이대두되고있는협력자, 관리자로서의역할에대해서는인지도가낮았다 (Table 2). 전공의들이시급하게갖추어야할역량을질문한결과전공의들과지도전문의사이에우선순위에대한차이를보였다. 즉, 전공의의 72.9% 는전공과의임상지식과기술을가장시급히갖추어야할역량이라고응답하였다. 그다음으로전공과의기초가되는일반임상지식과기술 (52.1%), 환자와생명을중시하는태도 (40.1%), 직업윤리의식 (34.9%), 스스로배우고습득하는태도 (25%), 대인관계와커뮤니케이션 (22.9%), 연구및논문작성 (18.5%) 순으로응답하였다. 반면, 지도전문의는스스로배우고습득하는태도를전공의가가장시급히갖추어야할역량이라고응답한경우가 37.7% 로가장높았다. 전공과의임상지식과기술 (36.1%), 대인관계와커뮤니케이션 (29.5%), 환자와생명중시태도 (27.9%), 직업윤리의식 (23%), 연구및논문작성 (16.4%), 전공과의기초가되는임상지식과기술 (9.8%) 순으로반응을나타냈다 (Fig. 1). 임상과의전문적지식과술기이외에전공의과정중에습득해야할역량에대하여전공의와지도전문의에게제시한 204 Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3):

5 권효진외 : 전공의공통교육과정에대한요구분석 Table 2. Doctors Role in the 21st Century Contents Resident Faculty/attending physician a) Total χ 2 Medical expertise Yes 151 (78.6) 53 (86.9) 204 (80.6) 2.01 No 41 (21.4) 8 (13.1) 49 (19.4) Medical researcher Yes 87 (45.3) 33 (54.1) 120 (47.4) 1.43 No 105 (54.7) 28 (45.9) 133 (52.6) Healthcare advocate Yes 60 (31.3) 25 (41.0) 85 (33.6) 1.97 No 132 (68.8) 36 (59.0) 168 (66.4) Skilled communicator Yes 43 (22.4) 22 (36.1) 65 (25.7) 4.53* No 149 (77.6) 39 (63.9) 188 (74.3) Teacher Yes 28 (14.6) 16 (26.2) 44 (17.4) 4.37* No 164 (85.4) 45 (73.8) 209 (82.6) Collaborator Yes 24 (12.5) 14 (23.0) 38 (15.0) 3.96* No 168 (87.5) 47 (77.0) 215 (85.0) Manager Yes 18 (9.4) 16 (26.2) 34 (13.4) 11.31** No 174 (90.6) 45 (73.8) 219 (86.6) Total 192 (100.0) 61 (100.0) 253 (100.0) Data are presented as frequency (%). Multiple response was allowed. a) Faculty/attending physician included professor, associate professor, assistant professor, clinical professor, and clinical instructor, *p<0.05, **p<0.01. Fig. 1. Competence Should Be Ungently Acquired by Residents for Specialty Department Practice Multiple response was allowed. a) Faculty/attending physician included professor, associate professor, assistant professor, clinical professor, and clinical instructor, **p<

6 Hyo-Jin Kwon, et al : Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training Fig. 2. Competence Should Be Achieved during Residency Training Regardless of Specialty Areas Multiple response was allowed. a) Faculty/attending physician included professor, associate professor, assistant professor, clinical professor and clinical instructor, *p<0.05, **p<0.01. Table 3. Opinions about Core Curriculum for Residency Training Resident Faculty/attending physician a) Total χ 2 Absolutely needed 38 (22.4) 41 (68.3) 79 (34.3) 42.09** Necessary but not feasible in real practice world 126 (74.1) 19 (31.7) 145 (63.0) Never needed 6 (3.5) 0 6 (2.6) Total 170 (100.0) 60 (100.0) 230 (100.0) Data are presented as frequency (%). a) Faculty/attending physician included professor, associate professor, assistant professor, clinical professor, and clinical instructor, **p< 가지주제영역의응답률에서는 Fig. 2와같은차이를보였다. 특히병의원경영및회계관리능력의습득에대해서는전공의의요구도가지도전문의보다통계적으로유의하게더높았다. 반면대인관계및커뮤니케이션, 의료윤리에대한지식과판단, 리더십역량의습득에대해서는지도전문의가필요성을더높게인식하였다. 2. 공통교육과정에대한요구분석각임상과목의전공교육과수련과는구별되는공통교육과정의필요성에대하여응답자의대부분이필요성을인식하고있었다. 그러나전공의는필요하지만현실적으로불가능하다는응답이 74.1% 로지배적이었고지도전문의는꼭필요하다는의견이 68.3% 로가장높았다. 두집단간의이러한차이는통계적으로유의하였다 (Table 3). 206 Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3):

7 권효진외 : 전공의공통교육과정에대한요구분석 응답자들의근무하고있는의료원에서전공의를대상으로공통교육과정을제공할경우근무시간중에참여할 ( 또는참여시킬 ) 의향을 5점척도 (1, 전혀아니다 ~5, 매우그렇다 ) 로묻는질문에대해서, 전공의는평균 3.4점 ( 표준편차, 1.1), 지도전문의는평균 4.1점 ( 표준편차, 0.8) 이었고두집단의차 이는통계적으로유의하였다 (t=5.5, p<0.001). 실제의료원에서전공의공통교육프로그램을운영할경우, 포함해야할내용에대한질문에대해서, 전공의는의학통계에대한요구도가가장높았고 (45.2%), 지도전문의는의료윤리교육에대한요구도가높았다 (60.7%). 전공의가지도전문 Table 4. Topics/Contents of a Core Curriculum for Residency Training Resident Faculty/attending physician a) Total χ 2 Biostatistics Yes 85 (45.2) 26 (42.6) 111 (44.6) 0.13 No 103 (54.8) 35 (57.4) 138 (55.4) Research design Yes 70 (37.2) 35 (57.4) 105 (42.2) 7.66** No 118 (62.8) 26 (42.6) 144 (57.8) Legal issue in medical practice Yes 58 (30.9) 17 (27.9) 75 (30.1) 0.20 No 130 (69.1) 44 (72.1) 174 (69.9) Management of a private clinic Yes 64 (34.0) 7 (11.5) 71 (28.5) 11.51** No 124 (66.0) 54 (88.5) 178 (71.5) Medical ethics Yes 29 (15.4) 37 (60.7) 66 (26.5) 48.37** No 159 (84.6) 24 (39.3) 183 (73.5) Communication skills Yes 27 (14.4) 34 (55.7) 61 (24.5) 42.63** No 161 (85.6) 27 (44.3) 188 (75.5) Financial management Yes 45 (23.9) 6 (9.8) 51 (20.5) 5.62* No 143 (76.1) 55 (90.2) 198 (79.5) Medical records Yes 24 (12.8) 19 (31.1) 43 (17.3) 10.89** No 164 (87.2) 42 (68.9) 206 (82.7) Career choices beyond practicing physician Yes 30 (16.0) 10 (16.4) 40 (16.1) 0.01 No 158 (84.0) 51 (83.6) 209 (83.9) Humanities Yes 23 (12.2) 17 (27.9) 40 (16.1) 8.35** No 165 (87.8) 44 (72.1) 209 (83.9) Epidemiology Yes 12 (6.4) 7 (11.5) 19 (7.6) No 176 (93.6) 54 (88.5) 230 (92.4) Arts and cultures Yes 16 (8.5) 3 (4.9) 19 (7.6) 0.84 No 172 (91.5) 58 (95.1) 230 (92.4) Total 192 (100.0) 61 (100.0) 253 (100.0) Data are presented as frequency (%). Multiple response was allowed. a) Faculty/attending physician included professor, associate professor, assistant professor, clinical professor, and clinical instructor, *p<0.05, **p<

8 Hyo-Jin Kwon, et al : Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training Table 5. The Necessity and Time of a Core Curriculum Contents for Residency Training Contents Necessity a) Adequate resident year for curriculum implementation Mean SD 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Total Legal issue in medical practice (28.2) 71 (40.1) 92 (52.0) 42 (23.7) 177 Interpersonal relationship (33.7) 53 (31.4) 60 (35.5) 65 (38.5) 169 Patient-centered interview skills (27.1) 35 (21.1) 55 (33.1) 76 (45.8) 166 Health care policy (46.5) 81 (47.1) 53 (30.8) 26 (15.1) 172 Medical ethics (34.9) 43 (25.9) 75 (45.2) 54 (32.5) 166 Referral and write-up consultation (66.3) 53 (32.5) 38 (23.3) 26 (16.0) 163 Management of a private clinic (64.2) 50 (30.9) 32 (19.8) 5 (3.1) 162 Basic and clinical epidemiology (63.5) 55 (34.6) 39 (24.5) 24 (15.1) 159 Stress management (66.7) 50 (31.4) 40 (25.2) 25 (15.7) 159 Presentation skills (44.0) 54 (34.0) 49 (30.8) 21 (13.2) 159 Biostatistics (47.7) 59 (38.1) 40 (25.8) 17 (11.0) 155 Liberal arts/humanities (44.0) 44 (29.3) 56 (37.3) 43 (28.7) 150 Data are presented as frequency (%). SD: Standard deviation. a) 3: necessary, 2: normally, 1: not necessary. 의보다통계적으로유의하게필요성을더높게응답한주제는개원준비및운영과재테크및회계이었다. 반면, 논문디자인및설계, 커뮤니케이션기법, 의료윤리, 의무기록관리, 인문학강좌에대해서는지도전문의가필요하다고응답한비율이전공의보다통계적으로유의하게높았다 (Table 4). 3. 공통교육과정의내용과제공시기선진국전공의교육과정에서제공하고있는공통교육과정운영의 12개의주제를제시하고전공의에게각주제의교육필요성 (1, 불필요 ; 2, 보통 ; 3, 필요 ) 과전공의연차별로적절한교육시기를질문한결과는 Table 5와같다. 각주제의필요성에대해서는 보통 이상의응답을보였으며, 법적분쟁의해결방안에대한교육필요성의점수가가장높았다. 협진의뢰회신법, 스트레스관리, 병의원경영및관리, 기초및임상역학등의주제는전공의 1년차때교육을제공하는것이적절하다는응답률이상대적으로높았다. 보건의료정책과대응전략에대해서는 1년차와 2년차때교육을제공하는것이적합하다는응답률이높았고, 발표기술은 1년차, 2년차, 3년차순으로시행에적합한시기를선택했다. 법적분쟁의해결은 2년차와 3년차에교육되는것이적합하다는응답률이높았고, 환자중심면담기법은 3년차와 4년차에시 행하는것이적합하다는의견이높았다. 반면에대인관계관리와의료윤리에대해서는연차별로응답률에큰차이를보이지않았다 (Table 5). 고찰 임상과의전공의교육과훈련을마친학습자는전공분야에서의임상적수월성을발휘하여실력있는의사로서역할을수행해야한다. 그과정에서환자의이익을최우선으로하며환자중심적인의사결정을해야하는것역시도고대에서부터현재에이르기까지의사들이갖추어야할가장기초적인태도이자역량이다. 그러나의학지식과기술이날로발전하고대중의요구사항도변화해감에따라, 단순히진료를잘하는의사만으로는사회에기대와요구에부합할수있는직업전문인으로서역할을모두다할수없다는것이지배적인의견이다. 현대사회가요구하는의사는환자진료과정에서필연적으로겪게되는윤리적이슈, 법률적문제등에합리적으로대처할수있어야한다. 또한팀케어가지배적인현대의진료현장에서는환자를위한최적의결과를얻기위해서리더로서의역할뿐아니라, 숙련된의사소통, 원만한대인관계, 협력 208 Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3):

9 권효진외 : 전공의공통교육과정에대한요구분석 자의역할을수행할수있어야한다. 의사- 환자관계에서도환자와보호자들은그어떤때보다도자신들의고통에대하여공감해주기를원하며정서적지지를바란다. 이를위해서전문의는공감능력의개발과더불어이를표현할수있는소통능력도갖추어야한다. 공감을토대로한정서적지지이외에도전문의는환자의의료보험이나재정적상황도파악하여치료적결정을하고지원체계를숙지하여환자에게도움을줄수있어야한다. 이러한과정을효율적으로수행하기위해서는의사소통능력이필수적인데이는대중에대한교육자로서의능력을의미한다. 병의원을효율적으로운영하고이해관계의상충을효과적으로관리하기위해서는관리자로서의역할역시필요한자질이다. 이러한개인적차원의자질외에도의사에게는사회적역할이요구된다. 더건강한사회를만들기위해보건의료및건강옹호자의역할과효율적의료자원의분배를위해합리적인의료정책의수립과실행에관여하는역할도수행하여야하며, 이를위해서는사회나정부와대화할수있는능력과지도자적자질이필요하다. 의학자또는의과학자로서의역할은모든의사가수행할필요는없겠으나, 의과학자들이생성해서배포하는새로운의학지식과기술에대하여비판적분석을하고과학적근거를확보하여진료에적용하는현명한사용자가되는것역시모든전문의가기본적으로갖추어야할자질이다. 이런일련의자질을갖추기위하여필요한가장기초적인역량은스스로학습요구를파악하고자신을끊임없이개발해가는평생학습자의태도이며, 이것이평생자기주도학습능력이의학교육의연장선에서지속적으로강조되는이유이다. 기존의임상과중심의교육수련만으로는이러한복잡하고다양한역량을갖춘전문의를배출하기어렵다는것은누구나예상할수있다. 이에, 사회적책무를실현할수있는의사를만들기위해서미국의졸업후의학교육인증평가원 (ACGME), 캐나다의 Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons와같은단체에서현사회에서전문의로서필요한역량을정의하고이를구현하기위한교육과정의원안을제시하여각수련병원에서전공의교육과정에적용하도록권장하고있다. 이연구는해외의전공의교육중에서전공과이외의기타역량을개발하기위하여시행되는공통교육과 정에대한학습대상자와교육제공자의교육요구도를조사하였다. 이연구에서 21세기의사의역할을조사한결과, 전공의와지도전문의모두전통적인임상전문가의역할을중요시하였으며그이외의다른역할인숙련된의사소통가, 지도자, 협력자, 관리자, 교육자역할에대해서는인식이낮은것을알수있었다. 특히전공의들은의사의역할을진료전문가및의과학자에국한하였고다른역할에대한인식이매우낮았다. 이는전공의와지도전문의모두 21세기사회가요구하는의사의다양한역할에대한인지도가낮음을시사한다. 이조사에서사용한의사의역할이캐나다의 CanMEDS 2005에서정의한내용이기때문에국내현실과는다소괴리가있을수있음을감안하더라도, 항목으로제시한역량들이사회적책무를수행하기위하여전문의가수행해야할역할임은의심의여지가없다. 해외에서는전공의에게필요한역량을정의하고그에따라공통교육과정의주제를다양하게운영하고있는사례를발견할수있었다 [1,12,13]. 우리나라에서도사회가요구하는의사의다양한역할에대한요구를파악하고이를정의하기위한의료계및사회적합의가대한의사협회를중심으로진행되고있다 [19]. 합의가도출되면, 해당내용을바탕으로전공의에게전문의로서갖추어야할다양하고포괄적인역할을교육할수있는프로그램이개발될필요가있다. 전공의에게필요한다양한역량이무엇인지를파악하기위해전체역량에대한질문외에도임상과목이외에필요한역랑을별개로질문하였는데, 두질문모두전공의와지도전문의의의견에차이가있었다. 흥미로운사실은전공의는전공과의임상지식과기술의습득을가장중요한것으로인지한반면, 지도전문의는자기주도학습역량이그어떤자질보다도우선되어야하는것으로인식하고있었다. 임상지식과술기외에습득해야할역량에대해서도두군은인식차이를보였는데, 전공의는병의원경영및회계관리요구가지도전문의에비해더높았고, 의료윤리지식및판단, 대인관계및커뮤니케이션, 리더십역량의습득에대해서는지도전문의가전공의보다필요성을더높게인식하였다. 즉, 지도전문의는의사의프로페셔널리즘에기초적인역량인자기주도학습능력, 대인관계및커뮤니케이션, 윤리적판단능력, 리더십등의필요성을전공의보다높게인식하고있는반면, 전공의들은 209

10 Hyo-Jin Kwon, et al : Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training 좀더현실적인능력의습득을요구한다고해석할수있겠다. 이러한역량이나자질에경중은없겠으나의사의프로페셔널리즘의근간이되는여러가지역량에대하여전공의들의요구가높지않은것은주목해야할사실이며, 전공의공통교육과정등을통하여미래의전문의가될전공의들의인식의변화를유도하고실제로다양한역량을갖추도록교육되는것이필요함을반증하는결과라고해석할수있다. 전공의공통교육과정운영에대해서응답자의대부분이필요성을인지하고있었으나, 전공의는필요하지만현실적으로불가능하다는의견이지배적이었고지도전문의는꼭필요하다는응답률이높았다. 공통교육과정을제공할경우참여할의향을묻는질문에서도전공의는평균 3.4점으로유보적인태도를보인반면지도전문의는평균 4.1점으로적극적으로참여시키겠다는긍정적인반응을보였다. 즉, 전공의와지도전문의공히공통교육과정과같은의사의프로페셔널리즘을배양하기위한교육의필요성에는동의하지만, 피교육자이면서동시에고용인으로서두가지역할을수행하는전공의입장에서는진료업무나기타업무의조율없이새로운교육프로그램에참여하는것은현실적으로불가능하다고생각함을솔직히표현한것으로해석할수있다. 의료정책연구소가전공의를대상으로현행수련지도가적절하지않은이유를조사한결과, 해당하는업무량이많고 (54%), 교육에해당하는활동이명확하지않기때문이라고 (34%) 설명했다 [20]. 이는공통교육과정이시행에앞서, 기존의전공의업무와교육에대한개선이필요함을시사한다. 과다한업무를소화해야하는전공의수련환경에서기존업무량의조정이나역할분담없이제공되는교육은소기의목적을달성하기어렵고전공의들의불만과불편만을초래할수있다. 따라서전공의공통교육과정을운영하기에앞서전공의의수련및업무환경의개선이선행될필요가있다. 교육내용을선정하는데있어서도교육의수혜자와제공자인전공의와지도전문의의요구차이를분석하여합리적이고실행가능한교육프로그램을개발해야한다. 공통교육과정에서다루어져야할주제에대하여, 전공의는의학통계와법적분쟁의해결방법에대한요구도가높았고지도전문의는의료윤리교육의필요성을가장높게응답하였다. 각주제별로연차별적절한교육시기는다양하게나 타났다. 협진의뢰회신법, 스트레스관리, 병의원경영및관리, 기초및임상역학, 보건의료정책과대응전략과같은주제는저년차에서교육하는것이적합하다는응답률이높았고, 법적분쟁의해결은 2년차와 3년차, 환자중심면담기법은 3년차와 4년차가높았다. 반면, 대인관계관리와의료윤리는연차별로응답률에큰차이를보이지않았으나고년차에교육하는것이적합하다는의견이좀더많았다. 이러한결과를종합적으로해석하면, 전공의수련기간동안지속적으로교육해야하는자질과수련과정과연차에따라특별히강조되어야하는자질이있는것으로생각할수있다. 이는각연차별로당면한상황과업무에차이가있으며공통교육주제와내용을편성함에있어이런차이를고려해야함을시사한다. 물론이러한역량들은별도의교육프로그램으로가르치지않아도병원현장에서업무를수행하면서자연스럽게습득되는것이며개인의노력여하에따라좌우되는것이라는견해도있을수있다. 혹은이러한역량을갖추게하기위하여별도의시간을할애하여교육프로그램을만들어야하느냐는비판적인시각도있을수있다. 그러나과중한업무에시달리는전공의에게보장된학습시간 (protected learning time) 을제공하지않고프로페셔널리즘의근간이되는다양한자질을습득하게하는것은거의불가능하고할수있다. 전공의들에게일상의업무에서벗어나교육프로그램에만집중할수있는시간을보장하고있는해외의사례를참고하여보다효과적이고현실적인프로그램을개발할필요가있다 [21,22]. 이연구는일개의과대학의 3개부속병원의전공의와지도전문의의의견을조사한파일럿연구로서연구결과의일반화에제한점이있다. 국내의의과대학이나기타수련병원의환경이크게다르지않을것이라는가정을할수있지만, 일반화된결론을도출하기위해서는대표성을가진연구대상을표집하여전공의공통교육과정에대한다양한의견을수집하는것이필요하다. 연구의목적이도구개발이아닌인식에대한현황조사로서사용한설문도구의신뢰도가지도전문의용의경우충분히높지않았고설문도구의타당성이확보되지못한것도제한점이다. 전공의공통교육과정에서다루어야할특정주제에대한조사도구의경우는대표성있는전문가집단의협의를통하여내용타당성이검증된조사지를사용하는것이향후보완되어야할점이다. 210 Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3):

11 권효진외 : 전공의공통교육과정에대한요구분석 결론적으로, 진료라는기본적인역할에이외에의사의다른역할에대한인지도는높지않았으나현대사회가요구하는의사의역할을수행하기위하여필요한임상이외다양한주제에대한교육을포괄하는공통교육과정에대한요구도는낮지않았다. 다만, 교육의수혜자인전공의들과교수자들간에공통교육과정의실행가능성에대한의견과교육주제들에대한필요도의차이를확인할수있었다. 공통교육과정의필요성에대한교육의제공자와수혜자들의의견을바탕으로교육과수련환경을다각적으로검토하고이에대한연구와개선의노력이지속되어야할것이다. 5. Green ML, Aagaard EM, Caverzagie KJ, Chick DA, Holmboe E, Kane G, Smith CD, Iobst W. Charting the road to competence: developmental milestones for internal medicine residency training. J Grad Med Educ 2009; 1: Frank JR Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada. The CanMEDS 2005 physician competency framework: better standards, better physicians, better care. Ottawa, Canada: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada; Frank JR, Danoff D. The CanMEDS initiative: implementing an outcomes-based framework of physician Acknowledgements: None. Funding: None. Conflicts of interest: None. REFERENCES 1. Taylor KL, Chudley AE. Meeting the needs of future physicians: a core curriculum initiative for postgraduate medical education at a Canadian university. Med Educ 2001; 35: Batalden P, Leach D, Swing S, Dreyfus H, Dreyfus S. General competencies and accreditation in graduate medical education. Health Aff (Millwood) 2002; 21: Frey K, Edwards F, Altman K, SpahrN, Gorman RS. The 'Collaborative Care' curriculum: an educational model addressing key ACGME core competencies in primary care residency training. Med Educ 2003; 37: Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine, Fitzgibbons JP, Bordley DR, Berkowitz LR, Miller BW, Henderson MC. Redesigning residency education in internal medicine: a position paper from the Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med 2006; 144: competencies. Med Teach 2007; 29: Reichgott MJ. Education in residency training. Einstein Q J Biol Med 1999; 16: Association of American Medical Colleges. AAMC GME core curriculum project: draft for comment. Washington, DC, USA: Association of American Medical Colleges; Medio FJ, Arana GW, McCurdy L. Implementation of a college-wide GME core curriculum. Acad Med 2001; 76: Pensa M, Frew P, GelmonSB. Integrating improvement learning into a family medicine residency curriculum. Fam Med 2013; 45: Crites GE, Schuster RJ. A preliminary report of an educational intervention in practice management. BMC Med Educ 2004; 4: Turley CB, Roach R, Marx M. Systems survivor: a program for house staff in systems-based practice. Teach Learn Med 2007; 19: Kim BS, Kim OJ, Lee YM, Ahn DS. Evaluation of the educational status of internal medicine residency program in Korea. Korean J Med Educ 2003; 15: Cubic BA, Gatewood EE. ACGME core competencies: helpful information for psychologists. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2008; 15:

12 Hyo-Jin Kwon, et al : Needs assessment of a core curriculum for residency training 16. Rider EA, Nawotniak RH. A practical guide to teaching and assessing the ACGME core competencies. Marblehead, USA: HCPro; Chapman DM, Hayden S, Sanders AB, Binder LS, Chinnis A, Corrigan K, LaDuca T, Dyne P, Perina DG, Smith-Coggins R, Sulton L, Swing S. Integrating the accreditationcouncil for graduate medical education core competencies into the model of the clinical practice of emergency medicine. Acad Emerg Med 2004; 11: Stratman EJ, Vogel CA, Reck SJ, Mukesh BN. Analysis of dermatology resident self-reported successful learning styles and implications for core competency curriculum 19. Ahn D; Working Group for Project on the Future Global Role of the Doctor in Health Care. Korean doctor's role. J Korean Med Assoc 2014; 57: Research Institute for Healthcare Policy. Jeongongui suryeon mich geunlohwangyeongsiltaejosa. Seoul, Korea: Research Institute for Healthcare Policy; Fiebach NH, Rao D, Hamm ME. A curriculum in health systems and public health for internal medicine residents. Am J Prev Med 2011; 41(4 Suppl 3): S264-S Tapia NM, Milewicz A, Whitney SE, Liang MK, Braxton CC. Identifying and eliminating deficiencies in the general surgery resident core competency curriculum. JAMA Surg 2014; 149: development. Med Teach 2008; 30: Korean J Med Educ 2015 Sep; 27(3):

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: IPA * Analysis of Perc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI:   IPA * Analysis of Perc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.45-72 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.2.201806.45 IPA * Analysis of Perception and Needs on Teaching Competencies of Faculty

More information

untitled

untitled 대한마취과학회지 2008; 55: 190~6 Korean J Anesthesiol Vol. 55, No. 2, August, 2008 임상연구 대한민국의 마취통증의학 임상실습 현황 연세대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 및 마취통증의학연구소 장동진ㆍ안소운ㆍ안지원ㆍ김종훈 The current status of anesthesiology clerkship in Korea

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -

More information

-07-......

-07-...... A Depth Interview on Qualification, Role, and Professionalism of Infant/Toddler Teachers Department of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University Associate Professor : Ahn, Sun Hee Department of Early

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: NCS : G * The Analy

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI:   NCS : G * The Analy Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.133-158 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.133 NCS : G * The Analysis of the Cognitive Level of Basic Job Skills of Specialized

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5,

., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, 23 3 (, ) () () 25, (),,,, (,,, 2015b). 1 5, * 4.,, 3,,, 3,, -., 3, 12, 27, 20. 9,,,,,,,,. 6,,,,,. 5,,,,.. * (2016),. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-225-4496 / E-mail: jnj1015@jj.ac.kr ., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994), 2000. 2015 () 65, 4 51,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: Awareness, Supports

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI:   Awareness, Supports Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.335-363 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.335 Awareness, Supports in Need, and Actual Situation on the Curriculum Reconstruction

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Study on Teache

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Study on Teache Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.149-171 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.149 * A Study on Teachers and Parents Perceptions on the Introduction of Innovational

More information

상담학연구,, SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / / Tel: /

상담학연구,, SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / / Tel: / ,,. 164 -. SPSS 21.0., t,.,,,..,.,.. (Corresponding Author): / / 1 11 404 / Tel: 02-880-7636 / E-mail: dikimedu@snu.ac.kr ...,,, (, 2012),, (,,, 2012a, 2012b;,, 2011;, 2011;,, 2010). (, 2013;, 2012;, ;

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: (NCS) Method of Con

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   (NCS) Method of Con Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.181-212 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.181 (NCS) Method of Constructing and Using the Differentiated National Competency

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: : A basic research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   : A basic research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.379-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.379 : A basic research for the after-school forest activities program models:

More information

.,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;, 1995), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, (, 201

.,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;, 1995), () 65, 4 51, (,, ). 33, 4 30, (, 201 4 21.,,,.,,. 1, 2, 3, 4.,,,,,,.,,,,., ( ). 60-66,,,,,.. (Corresponding Author): / / 303 Tel: 063-220-2495/ E-mail: ikkim@jj.ac.kr .,,,,,,.,,,,.,,,,,, (, 2011)..,,, (, 2009)., (, 2000;, 1993;,,, 1994;,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: * Strenghening the Cap

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   * Strenghening the Cap Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.27-43 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.27 * Strenghening the Capacity of Cultural Arts Required in Special Education

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Study on the Pe

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   * A Study on the Pe Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.405-425 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.405 * A Study on the Perceptions and Factors of Immigrant Background Youth

More information

278 경찰학연구제 12 권제 3 호 ( 통권제 31 호 )

278 경찰학연구제 12 권제 3 호 ( 통권제 31 호 ) 여성경찰관의직업윤리의식결정요인분석 * An Analysis of Determinantal Factors Influencing Professional Ethical Standards of South Korean Police Women 신문희 ** 이영민 *** Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 이론적배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과 Ⅴ. 결론 Ⅰ. 서론 278 경찰학연구제 12

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Effect of Paren

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   * The Effect of Paren Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.95-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.95 * The Effect of Parent Education Program Using Action Learning on Family

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: NCS : * A Study on

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   NCS : * A Study on Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.157-176 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.157 NCS : * A Study on the NCS Learning Module Problem Analysis and Effective

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: A study on Characte

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   A study on Characte Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.381-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.381 A study on Characteristics of Action Learning by Analyzing Learners Experiences

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: : A Study on the Ac

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   : A Study on the Ac Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.269-293 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.269 : A Study on the Actual Condition of Character Education in Early Childhood

More information

歯14.양돈규.hwp

歯14.양돈규.hwp : The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy 2003. Vol. 15, No. 3, 615-631. 1 2 3 1,410.,, ( ),., ( 69%),.,, ( ), ( ).,,.., ( ).,. :,,. :, (390-711) 21-1, : 043-649-1362 E-mail : ydk9498@hanmail.net

More information

Analysis of teacher s perception and organization on physical education elective courses Chang-Wan Yu* Korea Institute of curriculum and evaluation [Purpose] [Methods] [Results] [Conclusions] Key words:

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: * The

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI:   * The Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.243-268 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.243 * - 2001 2015 - The Research Trends on Peer Counseling in Elementary and

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Experiences of Af Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.201-229 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.201 * Experiences of After-school Class Caring by Married Early Childhood

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * Suggestions of Ways

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   * Suggestions of Ways Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.65-89 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.65 * Suggestions of Ways to Improve Teaching Practicum Based on the Experiences

More information

서론

서론 - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - - 20 - - 21 - - 22 - - 23 - - 24 - -

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö 25 3 (2004 9 ) J Korean Oriental Med 2004;25(3):20-31 1), 2), 3) 1) 2) 3) Grope for a Summary Program about Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK)etc. Discussed in WIPO Hwan-Soo

More information

ePapyrus PDF Document

ePapyrus PDF Document 육아지원연구 2008. 제 3권 1 호, 147-170 어린이집에서의 낮잠에 대한 교사와 부모의 인식 및 실제 이 슬 기(동작구 보육정보센터)* 1) 요 약 본 연구의 목적은 어린이집에서의 일과 중 낮잠 시간에 대한 교사와 부모의 인식 및 실제를 알아봄 으로써, 교사와 부모의 협력을 통해 바람직한 낮잠 시간을 모색해 보는 데 있었다. 연구 대상은 서울, 경기지역

More information

-06-......,......

-06-......,...... Analysis of the Current Condition of Student Childcare Training in Korea: Student Childcare Training Centers, Guidance Teachers, Student Teachers and Student Childcare Training Fees Department of Childcare

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: 3 * Effects of 9th

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   3 * Effects of 9th Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.357-378 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.357 3 * Effects of 9th Grade Students Participation in Career Curriculum Cluster

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 한국 중년 여성의 라이프스타일이 메이크업 추구이미지와 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향 주영주 1 *, 이순희 2 1 서경대학교대학원미용예술학과, 2 신성대학교 미용예술계열 The Effects of The Life Style for Korean Middle Aged Women on

More information

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF

歯kjmh2004v13n1.PDF 13 1 ( 24 ) 2004 6 Korean J Med Hist 13 20 36 June 2004 ISSN 1225 505X * 1 1886 ( ) 1) 1905 * 1) 20 2) 1910 1926 1910 1926 1930 40 2 1899 1907 3) 4) 1908 1909 ( ) ( ) ( 2) 1995 1998 3) 1997 p 376 4) 1956

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing

More information

Study on the Improvement of Management System through Analysis of golf semi- market: Focus on Physical Education Facility Act Ji-Myung Jung 1, Ju-Ho Park 2 *, & Youngdae Lee 3 1 Korea Institute of Sport

More information

A Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran

More information

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( :

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( : 27 2, 1-16, 2009. * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: jjhkim@cau.ac.kr) 2 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009 Ⅰ.,. 2008 3,536, 10 99.9% (, 2008). PC,, (, 2007). (, 2008),.,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: * Review of Research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Review of Research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.79-102 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.79 * Review of Research Trends on Curriculum for Students with Severe and multiple

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of

More information

<303332355FC3D6C1BEBCF6C1A45FB1E2B5B6B1B3B1B3C0B0B3EDC3D12033332E687770>

<303332355FC3D6C1BEBCF6C1A45FB1E2B5B6B1B3B1B3C0B0B3EDC3D12033332E687770> 11 ) 기독교교육논총, 제33집, 67-90 A Journal of Christian Education in Korea, Vol. 33. 한국기독교교육학회, 2013. 3. 30. 스마트 환경에서 관계적 역량 증진을 위한 교회 교사교육 프로그램 개발 * 김효숙(장로회신학대학교) belovedkhs@naver.com / 010-6284-9370 권성호(한양대학교)

More information

상담학연구. 10,,., (CQR).,,,,,,.,,.,,,,. (Corresponding Author): / / 567 Tel: /

상담학연구. 10,,., (CQR).,,,,,,.,,.,,,,. (Corresponding Author): / / 567 Tel: / . 10,,., (CQR).,,,,,,.,,.,,,,. (Corresponding Author): / / 567 Tel: 063-270-2746 / E-mail : tgeunmi@jbnu.ac.kr . 2,... 2011 (, 2011), (, 2010),., (, 2004;, 2011). (,, 2006), (,, 2005; Yalom & Leszcz, 2005:

More information

Abstract Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Related Factors for Nurses and Radiological Technologists Wearing a Lead Apron for Radiation Pro t e c t i o n Jung-Im Yoo, Jung-Wan Koo 1 ) Angio Unit, Team of Radiology,

More information

A Study on the Relationships between Self-Differentiation and Adaptability Factors for Senior Dementia Patients Care Givers Department of Social Welfare, Seoul Welfare Graduate University Full-time Lecturer

More information

ePapyrus PDF Document

ePapyrus PDF Document 1. 2009 ASEE 2009 ASEE Texas Austin Austin Convention Center 6 14 17 3 4. 2008 Pennsylvania Pittsburgh ASEE ASEE. AI Austin Convention Center 1. 4 ASEE ( 3,400 ),. 1) 2007 ( ) 92 . ASEE plenary session

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: A Study on the Opti

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI:   A Study on the Opti Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.127-148 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/11024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.127 A Study on the Optimization of Appropriate Hearing-impaired Curriculum Purpose:

More information

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( :

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( : 27 2, 17-31, 2009. -, * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** (: dminkim@cau.ac.kr) 18 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. Ⅰ. (,,, 2004). (,, 2006).,,, (Myrick,

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö Disability & Employment 55 Disability & Employment 56 57 Disability & Employment 58 59 Disability & Employment 60 61 Disability & Employment 62 63 Disability & Employment 64 65 Disability & Employment

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-16 DOI: * A Study on Good School

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-16 DOI:   * A Study on Good School Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.1-16 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.1 * A Study on Good School and School Evaluation Purpose: This study was to examine

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

,......

,...... The Impact of Personal Traits, Family Characteristics, and Job Satisfaction on the Psychological Well-Being of Middle Aged Men from the Baby Boomer Generation Working in Large Corporations Department of

More information

???? 1

???? 1 The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial

More information

04-07도현수

04-07도현수 대 한 외 상 학 회 지 Vol. 19, No. 2, December, 2006 원 저 임상실습과정 의과대학생을 대상으로 카데바 모델을 이용한 단순 봉합술 교육의 효율성 충남대학교 의과대학 응급의학교실 Abstract 도현수 민진홍 홍승우 한상균 김인수 유@ 승 이진웅 김승환 유인술 Evaluation of the Educational Efficacy of

More information

PowerPoint 프레젠테이션

PowerPoint 프레젠테이션 Autodesk Software 개인용 ( 학생, 교사 ) 다운로드가이드 진동환 (donghwan.jin@autodesk.com) Manager Autodesk Education Program - Korea Autodesk Education Expert 프로그램 www.autodesk.com/educationexperts 교육전문가프로그램 글로벌한네트워크 /

More information

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770>

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770> 기혼 여성이 사이버대학에서 상담을 전공하면서 겪는 경험 방기연 (고려사이버대학교 상담심리학과 부교수) * 요 약 본 연구는 기혼 여성의 사이버대학 상담전공 학과 입학에서 졸업까지의 경험을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한 다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 하고, 합의적 질적 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 입학 전 에 연구참여자들은 고등교육의 기회를

More information

<35BFCFBCBA2E687770>

<35BFCFBCBA2E687770> 주요개념 : 컴퓨터음란물 접촉자, 성지식, 성태도 남자중학생의 컴퓨터음란물 접촉자와 비접촉자간의 성지식과 태도의 차이 김 영 혜* 이 화 자** 정 향 미*** 1. 연구의 필요성 한국은 I. 서 론 1960 년대 이후부터 시작된 돌진적 산업화 ( 한 상진, 1996) 로 인하여 경제적 부흥을 이루어 집집마다 TV 수상기를 가질 수 있게 되었고 최근에는 PC보급율

More information

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF The Korean Journal of Counseling 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, 423-434,. 4 5 18 9, 9.,,,,,.,,, t-.. :,,, (,, 1996),.,,. (, 2001),... 88 98 2000, 88 12.5%(250 )98 35.6%(712 )2.8 (,,, 2001) (Corresponding Author)

More information

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm w wz 16«1y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 1. 2006 x w$btf3fqpsu'psn û w m w Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University Eunsik Park College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University

More information

ISSN 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE

ISSN 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE 11-1320082-000013-09 ISSN 1738-2963 2015 제 3 호 치안정책연구 The Journal of Police Policies 2015. 12 ( 제29권제3호 ) 치안정책연구소 POLICE SCIENCE INSTITUTE : 통학버스를중심으로 차례 전병주 * 최은영 ** Ⅰ. 서론 1) Ⅱ. 이론적배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

<30312DC1A4BAB8C5EBBDC5C7E0C1A4B9D7C1A4C3A52DC1A4BFB5C3B62E687770>

<30312DC1A4BAB8C5EBBDC5C7E0C1A4B9D7C1A4C3A52DC1A4BFB5C3B62E687770> Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 한국정보통신학회논문지(J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng.) Vol. 19, No. 2 : 258~264 Feb. 2015 ID3 알고리즘 기반의 귀납적 추론을 활용한 모바일 OS의 성공과 실패에 대한

More information

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( )

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( ) . 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ,. (, 2011),, 1980 5 49.9%, 4 (20.3%). 1985, 5 (39.0%), 4 (25.3%).

More information

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( )

:,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α= ,.,,..,,,.,. :,, ( ) :,,.,. 456, 253 ( 89, 164 ), 203 ( 44, 159 ). Cronbach α=.83.91.,.,,..,,,.,. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ..,.,.,. Bandura(1997),.,,,,., (,,, 2009), (,,,, 2014).?.,,,.. Bandura (1995) (Resiliency

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: 3 * The Effect of H

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   3 * The Effect of H Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.577-601 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.577 3 * The Effect of Home-based Activities Using Traditional Fairy Tales

More information

다문화 가정의 부모

다문화 가정의 부모 영유아아동정신건강연구 Korean Journal for Infant Mental Health 2013, Vol. 6, No. 1, 57-84 영유아기정서및행동문제에대한 부모와일반교사의인식및지원욕구조사 - 57 - 영유아아동정신건강연구 6 권 1 호 - 58 - 영유아기정서및행동문제에대한부모와일반교사의인식및지원욕구조사 - 59 - 영유아아동정신건강연구 6 권

More information

1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3. 3 3 1. 3 2. 3 3. 4. 4 1. : 4 2. : (KSVD) 4 3. : 88 5. 36

1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3. 3 3 1. 3 2. 3 3. 4. 4 1. : 4 2. : (KSVD) 4 3. : 88 5. 36 , 1965 1994: 3 1965 (Konstfackskolan). 1996. (, 2004) :, (, 2010), 20 (, 2005), :,, (, 2005), 02: (, 2008), (KDF, 2009), (, 2011), (, 2011). ( _, 2011 3 ), : ( 前 史 ) (, 102, 2012). 35 1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2

More information

untitled

untitled Original Article Experiences of Unwed Mothers Choi, Yang-Ja 1) Kim, Kwuy-Bun 2) 1) Professor, Redcross College of Nursing, 2) Professor, Kyung Hee University, College of Nursing Science 1) 2) 1) 2) Purpose:

More information

00½ÃÀÛ 5š

00½ÃÀÛ 5š The Career of Christian Counselor and the Management of Counseling Center Yeo Han Koo 1) 1 17 2011 29 2) 3) 30 4) 5) 6) 7) 2 3 1999 99 2006 23 45 2007 17 19 4 17 2011 95 148 5 100 2014 26 6 29 17 2004

More information

한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원 주최 2015 추계전국학술대회 프로그램 주제 교양교육의 : 당면과제와 전망 일시 : 2015년 11월 20일(금) 14:00~19:00, 21일(토) 09:00~17:00 장소 : 경남대학교 1공학관(공과대학 6층

한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원 주최 2015 추계전국학술대회 프로그램 주제 교양교육의 : 당면과제와 전망 일시 : 2015년 11월 20일(금) 14:00~19:00, 21일(토) 09:00~17:00 장소 : 경남대학교 1공학관(공과대학 6층 2015학년도 추계전국학술대회 한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원 추계전국학술대회 자료집 주제 : 교양교육의 당면과제와 전망 2015년 11월 20일(금) ~ 21일(토) 경남대학교 1공학관(공과대학 6층, 7층) 주최 : 한국교양교육학회 / 전국대학교양교육협의회 / 한국교양기초교육원 주관 : 경남대학교 교양기초교육원 한국교양교육학회/전국대학교양교육협의회/한국교양기초교육원

More information

05-08 087ÀÌÁÖÈñ.hwp

05-08 087ÀÌÁÖÈñ.hwp 산별교섭에 대한 평가 및 만족도의 영향요인 분석(이주희) ꌙ 87 노 동 정 책 연 구 2005. 제5권 제2호 pp. 87118 c 한 국 노 동 연 구 원 산별교섭에 대한 평가 및 만족도의 영향요인 분석: 보건의료노조의 사례 이주희 * 2004,,,.. 1990. : 2005 4 7, :4 7, :6 10 * (jlee@ewha.ac.kr) 88 ꌙ 노동정책연구

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * Early Childhood T

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Early Childhood T Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.243-269 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.243 * Early Childhood Teachers' Perception on Reconstruction of Curriculum

More information

141(26) 20056 1930 19 () ( ( ) () () () ) 2) 1932 ()()3) 2 1) 1897519( ) ( ) () () () 4) ( ) 5) 6) 15-20 7) 191216 2) ( ) () 42 () 193111 12 1933 4 3)

141(26) 20056 1930 19 () ( ( ) () () () ) 2) 1932 ()()3) 2 1) 1897519( ) ( ) () () () 4) ( ) 5) 6) 15-20 7) 191216 2) ( ) () 42 () 193111 12 1933 4 3) 141(26) 20056 Korean J Med Hist 14131 Jun 2005 ISSN 1225505X ( 1897-1982) * ** 1 ( 1897-1982) ( ) 1) 3 1 ( ) 1930 1930 1930 * () ** 1) ( 2000 p 13-15) 1 141(26) 20056 1930 19 () ( ( ) () () () ) 2) 1932

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: : * Research Subject

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   : * Research Subject Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.91-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.91 : * Research Subject Trend Analysis on Educational Innovation with Network

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Research Trend

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Research Trend Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.295-318 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.295 * A Research Trend on the Studies related to Parents of Adults with Disabilities

More information

03이경미(237~248)ok

03이경미(237~248)ok The recent (2001-2010) changes on temperature and precipitation related to normals (1971-2000) in Korea* Kyoungmi Lee** Hee-Jeong Baek*** ChunHo Cho**** Won-Tae Kwon*****. 61 (1971~2000) 10 (2001~2010).

More information

54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, I. 1.,,,,,,, (, 1998). 14.2% 16.2% (, ), OECD (, ) % (, )., 2, 3. 3

54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, I. 1.,,,,,,, (, 1998). 14.2% 16.2% (, ), OECD (, ) % (, )., 2, 3. 3 27 2, 53-70, 2009. (Nursing Home) * ** (Nursing Home). 5 50 5 2 1,,,,, SPSS t.,,,,,,,. :,, : 2009/08/27 : 2009/09/24 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: hjkim@daelim.ac.kr) 54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. I. 1.,,,,,,, (,

More information

(

( 317 318 319 320 1 3 5 5 5 5 2 321 : 1.,,,,, 06 2. X-ray beam penetration (density) (contrast) 03 3. patch coating, precipitation, flaking 03 4. centering 03 5. Esophagus, cardia, fundus, body, angle, antrum,

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr Original Article pissn 1738-2637 J Korean Soc Radiol 2012;67(2):129-134 The Survey of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quality according to in Korea 1 자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 1 Hyun-Hae

More information

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w 497 의사학 제24권 제2호(통권 제50호) 2015년 8월 Korean J Med Hist 24 ː497-532 Aug 2015 c대한의사학회 http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2015.24.497 pissn 1225-505X, eissn 2093-5609 역시만필( 歷 試 漫 筆 ) 의 사례로 재구성한 조선후기 여성의 삶과 질병

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although

More information

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu 한 국 통 계 학 회 논 문 집 2012, 19권, 6호, 877 884 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/ckss.2012.19.6.877 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation Applied Biased Coin Design in a Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Yu Kim a, Dongjae Kim

More information

7 1 ( 12 ) 1998. 1913 ( 1912 ) 4. 3) 1916 3 1918 4 1919. ( ) 1 3 1, 3 1. 1.. 1919 1920. 4) ( ), ( ),. 5) 1924 4 ( ) 1. 1925 1. 2). ( ). 6). ( ). ( ).

7 1 ( 12 ) 1998. 1913 ( 1912 ) 4. 3) 1916 3 1918 4 1919. ( ) 1 3 1, 3 1. 1.. 1919 1920. 4) ( ), ( ),. 5) 1924 4 ( ) 1. 1925 1. 2). ( ). 6). ( ). ( ). 7 1 ( 12 ) : 1-11, 1998 K orean J M ed H ist 7 : 1-11, 1998 ISSN 1225-505X * **.,.., 1960.... 1) ( ) 1896 3 2 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2. 1), 14 1909 1,. 14 17 1913. 2)..,. ( ) ( ),. * 1998 (1998. 5. 7). ** 1).

More information

03-서연옥.hwp

03-서연옥.hwp 농업생명과학연구 49(4) pp.31-37 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 49(4) pp.31-37 Print ISSN 1598-5504 Online ISSN 2383-8272 http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.4.31 국가산림자원조사 자료를 적용한 충남지역 사유림경영율 추정 서연옥

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: A Study on Organizi

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   A Study on Organizi Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.441-460 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.441 A Study on Organizing Software Education of Special Education Curriculum

More information

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있 대한한방부인과학회지 THE JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY VOL.17, NO.2 : 115-122 (2004) 달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 * 북경한의원, ** 윤산부인과의원, *** 최은림산부인과의원, 상지대학교 한의과대학 부인과학교실 ****, 경희대학교 동서의학대학원 김성준 *****, 윤왕준

More information

<31342DC0CCBFEBBDC42E687770>

<31342DC0CCBFEBBDC42E687770> 체육과학연구, 2008, 제19권, 제4호, 136~145. Korean Journal of Sport Science 2008, Vol. 19, No. 4, 136~145. 국가대표 은퇴선수의 진로지원 방안 이용식(체육과학연구원) 본 연구의 목적은 국가대표 은퇴선수의 진로현황과 진로의식을 파악하여 국가대표 은퇴선수의 진로를 개발하고 정부의 정책적 지원방안을

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

특수교육논총 * ,,,,..,..,, 76.7%.,,,.,,.. * 1. **

특수교육논총 * ,,,,..,..,, 76.7%.,,,.,,.. * 1. ** 특수교육논총 *. 257..,,,,..,..,, 76.7%.,,,.,,.. * 1. ** (eun67@dankook.ac.kr) .,,,,,,,,,, (,, 2014)., (,, 2007)....,,,, (,, 2014).. (2003)...,,, (Baron-Cohen, O Riordan, Stone, Jone, & Plaisted, 1999; Hobson,

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: An Exploratory Stud

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   An Exploratory Stud Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.423-441 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.423 An Exploratory Study on the Improvement of Democratic Consultative Culture

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A S

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A S Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.461-487 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.461 * - 2008 2018 - A Study on the Change of Issues with Adolescent Problem

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Mediating Eff

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * The Mediating Eff Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.159-177 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.159 * The Mediating Effects of Self-esteem on the Relationship between Social

More information