Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.7, No.6, June (2017), pp

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1 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.7, No.6, June (2017), pp 스케치업을활용한 3D 건축모델링및물량산출 김민규 1), 엄대용 2) 3D Architecture Modeling and Quantity Estimation using SketchUp Min Gyu Kim 1), Dae Yong Um 2) 요약 건축공사는설계단계에서도면을바탕으로예상되는비용이산정되며, 소요예산의책정과예산에합당한효율적공사방안을찾게된다. 정확한물량산출과예산책정은공사의수익성여부를판단하는척도중하나로매우중요하다. 하지만이러한과정이대부분인력이나 2D 도면에의존하여수행되기때문에오차가발생하기쉬웠고, 자동화가가능한 BIM(Build Information Modeling) 프로그램은매우고가이기때문에현장에서적용하기어려운시점이다. 이에본연구에서는 3 차원모델링소프트웨어인스케치업을이용하여 3D 건축모델링을수행하고, 물량산출을할수있는방법론을제시하고자하였다. 연구결과, 건축물의 2D 도면을이용하여효과적으로 3D 모델링을수행하였으며, 모델링결과를기반으로 2D 도면과 3D 모델링을통한물량산출의차이를산출할수있었다. 연구를통해스케치업을활용한 3D 모델링과물량산출이기존의 2D 산출식의오류를방지할수있다는가능성을제시하였다. 지속적인연구를통해연구방법의활용성이검증된다면건축모델링과물량산출업무효율성증가에크게기여할것이다. 핵심어 : 3D 모델링, 스케치업, 물량산출, 건축정보모델 Abstract The construction cost is estimated based on the drawings at the design stage and constructor will find efficient construction methods for budgeting and budgeting appropriate to the budget. Accurate quantity estimation and budgeting are critical to determining whether the project is profitable or not. However, since this process is mostly performed depending on manpower or 2D drawings, errors are likely to occur and The BIM(Build Information Modeling) program, which can be automated, is very expensive and difficult to apply in the field. In this study, 3D architectural modeling was performed using SketchUp which is a 3D Received (April 15, 2017), Review Result (April 28, 2017) Accepted (May 9, 2017), Published (June 30, 2017) Manager, Dept. of Technical Sales, Geosystems 27Tojeong-ro 14-gil,Mapo-gu, Seoul, Korea mgkim@geosys.co.kr 2 (Corresponding Author) Dept. of Civil Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, 50, Daehak-ro, Chungju-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea dyum@ut.ac.kr * 이논문은 2015년한국연구재단기본연구자지원사업 (NRF-2015R1D1A1A ) 의지원으로작성되었습니다. ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2017 HSST 701

2 3D Architecture Modeling and Quantity Estimation using SketchUp modeling software and suggest a methodology for Quantity Estimation. As a result, 3D modeling was performed effectively using 2D drawings of buildings. Based on the modeling results, it was possible to calculate the difference of the quantity estimation by 2D drawing and 3D modeling. The research suggests that the 3D modeling using the SketchUp and the calculation of the quantity can prevent the error of the conventional 2D calculation method. If the applicability of the research method is verified through continuous research, it will contribute to increase the efficiency of architectural modeling and quantity Estimation work. Keywords : 3D Modeling, SketchUp, Quantity Estimation, BIM 1. 서론 건축분야에서설계및물량산출과견적업무는사업의수익성여부를판단하는척도중하나로서매우중요한업무이다 [1]. 건축설계는 CAD(Computer Aided Design) 을이용하며, 물량산출은 2D 도면을이용한수작업으로대부분이루어지고있다 [2][3]. 하지만기존방식은대부분인력에의존하여휴먼에러 (Human error) 가발생하기쉬웠고, 이를해결하기위해서최근 BIM(Building Information Modeling) 을기반으로물량산출을자동화하려는연구가다양한관점에서시도되고있다 [4][5]. 설계과정에서 BIM 도구를활용하고수집한설계지식을데이터베이스로축적하여이를검색할수있는통합시스템을구성하는연구가이루어졌으며 [6], 건축설계경기를평가하기위해 BIM을활용한설계평가와절차를비교및분석하여개선방안을도출하고자한사례가있었다 [7]. 또한 BIM 소프트웨어간비교를통해설계초기단계주요작업들에서의활용성을분석한연구도수행되었다 [8]. 하지만시중의 BIM 프로그램은매우고가이며, 작업과정에서현업과맞지않는부분이많아완전한정착이어려운실정이다. 이에본연구에서는 3차원모델링소프트웨어인스케치업을이용하여 3D 건축모델링을수행하고, 물량산출을할수있는방법론을제시하고자하였다. 그림 1은연구흐름도를나타낸다. [ 그림 1] 연구흐름도 [Fig. 1] Study Flow 702 Copyright c 2017 HSST

3 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.7, No.6, June (2017) 2. SketchUp 스케치업은 Trimble 사의 3D 모델링프로그램이며, 간편한인터페이스를이용한간편한모델링이특징이다. Software 에서처음개발및발표되었으며, 구글어스용플러그인에흥미를느낀구글이 2006년인수했다가, 2012년 Trimble 사가인수했다 [9]. 그림 2는스케치업의실행화면을나타낸다. [ 그림 2] 스케치업의실행화면 [Fig. 2] Run Screen of SketchUp 스케치업의가장큰특징은 Warehouse 이며, 3D Warehouse 와확장 Warehouse 가제공된다. 3D Warehouse 는사용자가자발적으로업로드및다운로드할수있도록하는공유플랫폼이며, 익스텐션 Warehouse 는스케치업의확장기능인플러그인의공유플랫폼이다 [10]. 현재상용화된 BIM 소프트웨어는매우고가이기때문에적용이어려운실정이다. 본연구에서는건축 3D 모델링과물량산출을위해스케치업을활용하였다. 그림 3은스케치업의공유플랫폼을나타낸다 [10]. [ 그림 3] 스케치업의공유플랫폼 [Fig. 3] SketchUp Warehouse ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2017 HSST 703

4 3D Architecture Modeling and Quantity Estimation using SketchUp 3. 3D 건축모델링및물량산출 본연구에서는스케치업을활용하여 3D 건축모델링및물량산출을수행하였다. 연구대상건축물은철근콘크리트구조체로규모는지하 2층, 지상 5층이며, 연면적은 3,381m 2 이었다. 3D 모델링은지상 5층에대해수행하였으며, 건물내보, 바닥, 기둥에대한콘크리트물량을산출하였다. 그림 4는 2D 도면이며, 그림 5는스케치업에도면을추가한것이다. [ 그림 4] 2D 도면 [Fig. 4] 2D Design [ 그림 5] 도면추가 [Fig. 5] Design Import 3D 모델링과물량산출은먼저부재일람표를참조하여부재의형태를생성하고, 오브젝트개념의컴포넌트로변환하는과정을거친다. 이후물량산출에필요한항목들을정의하고, 이에대한파 704 Copyright c 2017 HSST

5 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.7, No.6, June (2017) 라미터를입력한다. 이후모델링을수행하고, 물량산출대상컴포넌트를선택하여보고서를생성하 게된다. 그림 6 은스케치업의작업흐름을나타낸다. [ 그림 6] 스케치업의작업흐름 [Fig. 6] Workflow of SketchUp 부재일람표를참조하여기둥, 보, 바닥에대한부재의형태를생성하고, 레어이를설정하였으며, 컴포넌트로변환및파라미터를입력하였다. 그림 7은부재일람표및파라미터입력을나타낸다. [ 그림 7] 부재일람표및파라미터입력 [Fig. 7] Digital Surface Model 정의된부재와 2D도면을바탕으로스케치업의푸시-풀도구를활용하여건축물에대한 3D 모델링을수행하였으며, 각부재에대한물량산출보고서를생성하였다. 보고서는 csv형태로출력되어기존 2D 도면을이용한물량산출결과와효과적인비교 분석이가능하다. 그림 8은모델링결과이며, 그림 9는물량산출보고서를나타낸다. ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2017 HSST 705

6 3D Architecture Modeling and Quantity Estimation using SketchUp [ 그림 8] 3D 모델링결과 [Fig. 8] 3D Model of Building [ 그림 9] 물량산출보고서 [Fig. 9] Report of Quantity Estimation 3D 모델링과물량산출결과를기존의 2D 기반물량산출결과와비교하여기존방법을오류를효과적으로추출할수있었다. 오류는부재의두께차이와위치에의한높이차이때문에발생하였으며, 오류로인한물량의차이를계산할수있었다. 그림 10은기존물량산출결과의오류를나타낸다. 706 Copyright c 2017 HSST

7 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.7, No.6, June (2017) [ 그림 10] 기존물량산출결과의오류 [Fig. 10] Error in Existing quantity Estimation Results 4. 결론 본연구는 3차원모델링소프트웨어인스케치업을이용하여 3D 건축모델링을수행하고, 물량산출을할수있는방법론을제시하고자한것으로연구를통해다음과같은결론을얻었다. 첫째, 건축물의 2D 도면과부재일람표를이용하여효과적으로 3D 모델링결과물을효과적으로생성할수있었다. 둘째, 3D 모델링결과를기반으로각부재에대한물량을산출하였으며, 기존의 2D 도면에의한물량산출결과와비교하여오류사항을도출함으로써 3D 모델링을통한물량산출의활용성을제시하였다. 셋째, 향후지속적인연구를통해 3D 건축모델링및물량산출방법의활용성이검증된다면관련업무의효율성증가에크게기여할것이다. References [1] Lee, J. C., Implementation of Customized 4D and 5D System based on BIM, Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, (2016), Vol.17, No.8, pp [2] Kim, Y. J., Kim, H. S., and Kim, M. K., Support plan for introduction of BIM on Small and Medium Architectural firm, Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, (2016), Vol.17, No.9, pp [3] Koo, H. C., Lee, B. K., and Lee, C. S., Analysis of Changes in Spatial Structure of Seoul by Analyzing the Land Price Changes of Station Influence Areas, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, (2016), Vol.34, No.1, pp [4] Lee, G. J., A Basic Study on BIM Library Business Model based on Building Material Information System, Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, (2017), Vol.18, No.4, pp [5] Moon, S. J., Pyeon, M. W., Bae, S. W., Lee, D. R., and Han, S. W., Big Data Architecture Design for the ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2017 HSST 707

8 3D Architecture Modeling and Quantity Estimation using SketchUp Development of Hyper Live Map (HLM), Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, (2016), Vol.34, No.2, pp [6] Lee, S. H., Woo, C. M., Lee, B. S., and Jun, H.J., A Basic Study on BIM Design Knowledge Schema and The Framework for Knowledge Information based Architectural Design Support System, Design Convergence Study, (2014), Vol.13, No.5, pp [7] Park, S. H. and Hong, C. H., A Study for BIM based Evaluation and Process for Architectural Design Competition -Case Study of Domestic and International BIM-based Competition-, Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, (2017), Vol.18, No.2, pp [8] Kim, M. S., Kang, H. Y., and Lee, J. Y, A Study on the Implementation of Indoor Topology Using Image Data, Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography, (2016), Vol.34, No.3, pp [9] May 15 (2017). [10] June 7 (2017). 708 Copyright c 2017 HSST

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