2018년 3 월모의고사고2 18. 출제포인트 어휘주의 Dear Sue Smith, We are [concerned / concerning] that we [didn t hear / have not heard] from you / since we sent you the

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1 18. 출제포인트 어휘주의 Dear Sue Smith, We are [concerned / concerning] that we [didn t hear / have not heard] from you / since we sent you the selections (which or that) you chose / when you joined the Club. 4형식선택한제품 -이후로 기한이된, 예정된 As you know, the payment is always [due / delayed] when you receive your selections. - 제품을받으면항상그날부로지불기한이다( 지불되어져야한다) Because we have not received the payment, we have [extended / suspended] your membership privileges( 회원자격특혜). Don t miss out on all the [challenges / benefits] / (which or that) your membership offers you: the widest selection of music, great discounts and more! 4형식 다시보내다수표( 지불할돈) 우편환( 원문참고) Please [recount / return] the bottom portion of this letter / with your check (or money order) in the enclosed envelope( 동봉된봉투안에). Send us your payment today. A B Paying promptly will [restore / deprive] your membership to good standing. 신속히정상적인지속상태 Sincerely, Larry Cook 글쓴목적 - 지불해야할돈의납부를요청하려고 Sue Smith 씨께저희는귀하가클럽에가입할때선택하셨던제품을보내드린이후로귀하로부터답변을듣지못해염려하고있습니다. 아시는바와같이, 제품을받으시면항상지불기한이된것입니다. 저희가아직돈을받지않았기때문에, 귀하의회원자격특혜를일시적으로중지하였습니다. 가장다양하게선택할수있는음악들, 큰폭의할인등귀하의회원자격이제공하는모든혜택들을놓치지마십시오! 이편지의아랫부분을귀하의수표와함께동봉된봉투에넣어다시보내주십시오. 저희에게오늘대금을보내주십시오. 신속히지불해주시면귀하의회원자격이정상으로회복될것입니다. Larry Cook 올림 - 1 -

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3 19. 출제포인트 - 문장넣기 원문내용 암환자인필자가종양제거수술을앞두고느낀심경을적은글, 트라우마를극복한수기임 On December 6th, I [reached / arrived] at University Hospital in Cleveland at 10:00 a.m. =reached I went through the process of admissions. ( 수속, 절차등을) 밟다, 겪다, 경험하다 자동사( 접근하다) I grew(=became) [anxiously / anxious] / because the time for surgery was drawing closer( 부사). =was guided 대기실 가깝게접근하다 I was directed to the waiting area, [which / where] I remained until my name was called. I had a few hours of waiting time. I just kept [to pray / praying]. [ 문장넣기] 계속되는, 진행중인 At some point in my ongoing prayer process, / before my name was called, / in the midst of the chaos(=confusing), / an unbelievable peace embraced me. All my fear [was disappeared / disappeared]! An unbelievable peace overrode( 타고넘다) my emotions. My physical body relaxed in the comfort provided( 후치수식), and I looked forward to [get / getting] the surgery over with and working hard at recovery. get over with =finish I 의심경변화 - worried relieved 12월 6일오전 10시에나는 Cleveland에있는 University 병원에도착했다. 나는입원허가절차를밟았다. 나는수술시간이다가오고있어서점점불안감을느꼈다. 나는대기실로안내되었고내이름이불릴때까지거기에머물렀다. 나는대기시간이몇시간있었다. 나는계속기도만했다. 계속기도하는어느시점에선가, 내이름이불리기전, 혼돈속에서, 믿을수없는평화가나를감쌌다. 나의모든두려움이사라졌다! 믿을수없는평화가내감정위로퍼졌다. 제공된편안함속에몸의긴장이풀렸고, 나는수술을끝마치고회복을위해열심히노력하기를고대하였다

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5 20. 출제포인트 문장순서( 넣기), 제목 You are far more likely to eat what you can see in plain view( 눈에분명히보이는곳에서). Organize(=Place) the foods in your kitchen / so (that) the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. [ 문장순서] =unhealthy food 눈에보이지않는찾기어려운 It( 가주어) also helps to hide( 진주어) poor choices in [inconvenient / convenient] places. [ 문장넣기] An even better idea is to simply get rid of(=remove, eliminate) anything( 선행사) with low nutritional value / that you may be tempted to eat( 먹고싶은유혹이들다). Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at [the bottom / eye level] in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren t hungry, simply seeing( 주어) these items will plant( 동사) a seed in your mind / for your next snack. 다음간식을먹고자할때이들음식이생각이나도록해준다 [ 문장넣기] Also consider [to take / taking] small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you / when you are away from home. 밖에서는건강에좋은음식을찾지못하더라도 That way, you can satisfy a mid afternoon craving / even if no good options are available. 먹고싶은욕구 * craving: 갈망, 욕구 제목 - Using Product Placement for Healthy Food 필자의주장 - 몸에좋은음식은찾기쉽고가까운곳에두어야한다. 여러분은여러분이분명히볼수있는것을먹을가능성이훨씬더크다. 가장좋은선택( 음식) 이눈에아주잘띄고쉽게접근할수있도록주방에있는음식을정돈하라. 좋지않은선택은불편한장소에숨기는것또한도움이된다. 훨씬더좋은생각은먹고싶은유혹을받을수있는영양가가낮은것은어떤것이든그저없애는것이다. 과일과야채, 그리고다른건강한선택사항들을냉장고에눈높이로두거나식탁위에꺼내놓아라. 여러분이배고프지않을때조차도, 그냥이러한품목들을보기만해도여러분의마음에다음간식을위한 ( 생각의) 씨앗이심어질것이다. 또한여러분이집을떠나있을때견과류, 과일, 또는야채를작은봉지에담아가는것도고려하라. 그런방식으로, 여러분은좋은선택사항을이용할수없다하더라도오후중반에느끼는갈망을충족할수있다

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7 21. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 문장순서( 넣기) Playing( 주어) any game that involves more than one person teaches( 동사) kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player / whether they win or lose. [ 문장순서] 이루다, 해내다 It s not hard to see [what / how] those skills make it / into the daily lives of kids. - 하기위하여 But like all things / ( 관. 대 that) we hope / to teach our children, / learning( 주어) to cooperate or to compete fairly [to take / takes] ( 동사) (practice). 빈칸주의 Humans aren t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that s okay. [ 문장넣기] help A with B: A가 B하는것을돕다 The point is, playing( 주어) games together [help / helps] ( 동사) kids with their (socialization). =socialization 빈칸주의 It allows(4 형식) them a safe place / to practice [getting / to get] along, following rules, and learning how to be graceful in defeat. 요지 - Any game / that involves more than one person / involves socializing 요지- 둘이상이하는경기는아이의사회화에도움을준다. 어떤경기든둘이상이참여하는경기를하는것은아이들에게팀워크, 속임수사용의결과, 그리고경기에이기든지든훌륭한팀플레이어가되는방법을가르쳐준다. 그런기술이아이들의일상생활속으로어떻게형성되어들어가는지확인하는것은어렵지않다. 하지만우리가아이들에게가르치기를희망하는모든것들처럼, 협력하거나정정당당하게경쟁하는것을배우는것은연습이필요하다. 인간은본래지는것을잘하지못하므로, 눈물, 고함, 그리고속임수가있을테지만, 그것은괜찮다. 요점은함께경기를하는것은아이들의사회화에도움을준다는것이다. 그것은아이들에게사이좋게지내기, 규칙준수하기, 그리고패배시멋진모습을보이는방법배우기를연습할안전한장소를제공한다

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9 22. 출제포인트 - 문장순서 The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as increasing numbers of computers came into homes and workplaces. =while 주어 [ 문장순서] The first online newspaper was published in the US / and the Chicago based Tribune was among the first titles( 자격을갖춘신문사) / to put its content online, in 함에따라 =post As the decade( 그후 10 년간) progressed, software developments made(5 형식) the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper between 1995 and 1998, the number( 주어) of US dailies on the web grew( 동사) from 175 to 750. Newspapers in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times became the UK s first newspaper to have an online edition( 온라인판신문) / and a few months later / the Daily Telegraph( 주어) launched( 동사, 시작하다) the Electronic Telegraph, = Europe s first online daily( 온라인일간지). 주제 - the early history of online newspapers ( 온라인신문의초기역사) 인터넷의대중적인성장은점점더많은수의컴퓨터가가정과직장으로들어오면서 1990 년대에시작되었다. 최초의온라인신문이미국에서발간되었고, 시카고에기반을둔 Tribune 은자사의기사를온라인으로제공한최초의신문사중한곳이었는데, 그때가 1991 년이었다. 그십년간의시간이진행되는동안, 소프트웨어의발전이온라인콘텐츠를만드는작업을더빠르고더저렴하게해주었으며, 1995년과 1998년사이에웹상의미국일간지수가 175개에서 750개로성장했다. 영국의신문도동일한패턴을따라서, 1994 년에 Sunday Times 가온라인판신문을가진영국최초의신문이되었고, 몇개월후에 Daily Telegraph 도유럽최초의온라인일간지인 Electronic Telegraph 를시작했다

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11 23. 출제포인트 어휘주의(A-C), 빈칸넣기, 문장순서( 넣기) Each spring in North America, the early morning hours( 주어) are filled with the sweet sounds of songbirds, such as sparrows and robins. [ 문장순서] (While) ( 양보) it( 가주어) may seem like( 접속사) these birds are simply singing songs, many are in the middle of (an intense competition for territories). 빈칸주의 For many birds, this (A) [struggle / peace] could ultimately decide whom( 의문사) they mate with and if(=whether) they ever [rise / raise] a family. [ 문장넣기] 겨울먹이서식지 When the birds return from their winter feeding grounds, the males usually arrive first. Older, more dominant males will (B) [reclaim / abandon] their old territories: a tree, shrub, or even a window ledge( 창문가장자리에있는공간). Younger males will try to challenge the older ones for space / by (C) [mimicking / disturbing] the song that the older males are singing. =end up with The birds( 주어) / that can sing the loudest and the longest / usually wind( 동사) up with (the best territories). 빈칸주의 * ledge: 선반모양의공간 제목 - Singing for a Better Home ( 더나은집을차지하기위한새의노래) 매년봄북미에서이른아침시간은참새나울새와같은명금( 鳴禽 ) 들의아름다운노랫소리로가득차있다. 이런새들은단순히노래만하는것처럼보이지만, 많은수가영역을차지하려는치열한경쟁중에있다. 많은새들에게있어이런싸움은결국그들이누구와짝짓기를할지그리고그들이가정을정말꾸리게될지를결정할수있다. 새들이겨울에먹이를먹던곳에서돌아올때, 수컷들이보통먼저도착한다. 나이가더많고, 더지배적인수컷들은그들의지난번영역인나무, 관목, 혹은심지어창문선반같은곳을되찾을것이다. 어린수컷들은나이가더많은수컷이하는노래를흉내냄으로써자리를차지하기위해그들에게도전하려할것이다. 가장크고가장길게노래할수있는새들이가장좋은영역을차지하는것으로보통끝이난다

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13 24. The graph above shows the leading outdoor watersport activities by number of participants in the United Kingdom (UK) from 2014 to In 2015, the number of participants in outdoor swimming decreased compared to the previous year. In 2015, the most popular outdoor watersport activity was coastal walking. In 2014, the number of participants in any boating activity was more than twice the number of participants in canoeing. The number of participants in angling in 2015 more than doubled compared to the previous year. 4 In 2015, the number of participants in canoeing slightly decreased from the previous year, but it was more than the number of participants in angling in 영국의주요야외수상스포츠활동에참여한사람들위그래프는 2014년부터 2015 년까지영국의주요야외수상스포츠활동을참가자의수로보여준다. 2015년에야외수영에참여한사람들의수는전년도에비해줄었다 년에가장인기있는야외수상스포츠는해안걷기였다. 2014년에모든보트타기활동에참여한사람들의수는카누타기에참여한사람들의수의두배가넘었다. 2015년에카누타기에참여한사람들의수는전년도보다약간줄었으나, 그것은 2015년에낚시에참여한사람들의수보다는많았다( 적었다) 년에낚시에참여한사람들의수는전년도에비해두배가넘었다

14 25. 출제포인트 - 어법주의 Grant Wood grew up on a farm and drew / with [whatever / however] materials could be spared( 마련되다). 마련되어지는재료가무엇이든지그것으로 Often he used charcoal from the wood fire / to sketch on a leftover piece of brown paper. 포장지로쓰고남은갈색종이 He was only ten when his father died, and his mother moved the family to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, [where / which] Wood went to school. He studied part time at the State University of Iowa and [attended to / attended] night classes at the Art Institute of Chicago. When he was 32, he went to Paris to study at the Académie Julian. In 1927, he traveled to Munich, Germany, [where / which] some of the most accomplished artists( 수일치) of the period [was / were] working. 형용사 형용사 [During / While] (he was) there( 부사, 독일뮌헨), he saw German( 독일의) and Flemish(Flanders 의) artworks / that influenced him greatly, especially the work of Jan van Eyck. After that trip, his style changed / to reflect the realism of those painters. 불일치 - 독일여행후에사실주의화풍에서벗어났다. Grant Wood 는농장에서자랐고마련할수있는어떤재료로든그림을그렸다. 그는장작불에서나온숯을이용해쓰다남은포장용갈색종이위에자주스케치했다. 겨우열살때그의아버지가돌아가셨고, 그의어머니는가족을데리고아이오와주의 Cedar Rapids 로이사하였고, 그곳에서그는학교에다녔다. 그는아이오와주립대학교에서시간제로공부했고, 시카고미술학교에서야간수업을들었다. 32 살이되었을때, 그는파리로가서 Académie Julian 에서공부했다 년에그는당대의가장뛰어난예술가중몇몇이활동중이던독일의 Munich( 뮌헨) 로여행을했다. 거기에있는동안, 그는그에게크게영향을준독일과 Flanders( 플랑드르) 지역의작품들을보았는데, 특히 Jan van Eyck의작품에서영향을받았다. 그여행이후, 그의스타일이바뀌어그화가들의사실주의를반영했다

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16 2018년 3월 모의고사 고2 26. Science Showcase Video Contest Create a video that effectively communicates a specific aspect of science and is informative for a broad public audience. Videos should be submitted between June 1 and August 31. Winners will be announced in early October. Up to $2,000 in Prize Money Guidelines: One or two entries per individual Submit the following to scienceshowcase@kmail.com: the title of your video your name and phone number a download link to your video No restrictions on style of video For more information, please visit our website: ④ 출품작은 1인당 한 편으로 제한된다. Science Showcase Video 대회 과학의 특정 양상을 효과적으로 전달하고, 폭넓은 대중에게 유익한 정보를 주는 영상물을 만들어 보세요. 영상물은 6월 1 일부터 8월 31일 사이에 제출해야 합니다. 수상자는 10월 초에 발표됩니다. 2,000달러까지 상금 수여 지침: 일인당 한 편 또는 두 편의 출품작 다음의 사항을 scienceshowcase@kmail.com으로 제출하세요. 영상물의 제목 이름과 전화번호 영상물로 연결되는 다운로드 링크 영상물의 형식은 제한 없음 더 많은 정보를 원하시면 웹사이트 방문해 주시기 바랍니다

17 Secret Garden Tour We hope you ll join us for 2018 Secret Garden Tour, a self guided journey through private residences with beautiful gardens. When: Sunday, April 15, 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. Where: Rivertown s East End Price: $40 (Advance tickets are $36 and available online.) The tour includes 12 gardens, all within walking distance to each other. Guests are invited to view the Art of the Garden exhibition. We offer free parking on the day of the tour. The parking lot opens at 9 a.m. For more information, please visit 개의정원을둘러볼수있다 Secret Garden Tour 우리는아름다운정원이있는개인거주지를가이드없이여행하는 2018 Secret Garden Tour에여러분이참여하기를바랍니다. 시간 : 4월 15 일, 일요일, 오전 10시부터오후 5시 장소 : Rivertown s East End 가격 : 40달러 ( 사전구매티켓가격은 36 달러이며온라인으로구매가능합니다.) 투어는각정원사이를모두도보로이동할수있는 12 개의정원을포함합니다. 고객여러분을 Art of the Garden 전시회관람에초대합니다. 투어당일주차는무료입니다. 주차장은오전 9 시에엽니다. 더많은정보를원하시면 를방문해주시기바랍니다

18 28. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 주제( 제목), 문장넣기 Although sports nutrition is a fairly(=very) new academic discipline( 학문분야), / there have always been recommendations / [making / made] ( 후치수식) to athletes about foods( 선행사) / [that / who] could enhance athletic performance. 말린무화과 One ancient Greek athlete is reported / [to eat / to have eaten] dried figs to enhance training. is 보다한시제앞선완료부정사 There are reports / that marathon runners( 주어) in the 1908 Olympics drank( 동사) cognac to improve performance. =genius, prodigy The teenage running phenomenon, = Mary Decker, surprised the sports world in the 1970s / when she reported [what / that] she ate a plate of spaghetti noodles the night before a race. [ 문장넣기] Such practices may be suggested to athletes / [because of / because] their real or perceived (benefits) 빈칸주의 / by individuals who excelled in their sports. - 그러한관행들이스포츠에서뛰어난사람들이실제로인식하기를이점이있더라는것때문에선수들에게권장된다. Obviously, some of these practices( 수일치), such as drinking alcohol during a marathon, [is / are] no longer recommended, but [another / others] ( 주어 other practices), such as a high carbohydrate meal / the night before a competition, 5 have( 동사) (stood(=withstood) the test of time). 빈칸주의 오랜세월의역경을견뎌내다 ( 즉오랜시간검증받은운동기량향상에좋은방법이었다) * discipline: ( 학문의) 분야 ** phenomenon: 천재 제목 - Sports Nutrition Recommendations Made in The Past. 주제 - 과거에운동기량향상을위해선수들에게추천되었던음식들 운동영양학이매우새로운학문분야이긴하지만, 선수들의운동기량을향상할수있게하는음식에관한충고는늘존재해왔다. 고대그리스의한운동선수는컨디션을향상하기위해말린무화과를먹었다고전해진다. 1908년올림픽에서마라톤선수들은기량을향상하기위하여코냑을마셨다는보고가있다. 십대달리기천재인 Mary Decker는 1970년대에스포츠계를놀라게했는데, 그녀는경주전날밤스파게티한접시를먹었다고이야기했다. 그러한관행은그것의실제적인이득혹은자신의운동분야에서탁월한능력을보인개인들이인식한이득때문에운동선수들에게권고될수도있다. 분명마라톤중에술을마시는것과같은이러한관행중일부는더이상추천되지않지만, 경기전날밤의고( 高 ) 탄수화물식사와같은다른관행은세월의검증을견뎌냈다

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20 29. 출제포인트 어법과어휘주의, 문장순서( 넣기) 주어는길고동사 occur와거리가멀어문장의균형유지상선행사를분리했음 Although instances ( 선행사) occur [in what / in which] partners start their relationship by telling everything about themselves to each other, / such instances are [abundant / rare]. [ 문장순서] In most cases, the amount of disclosure [decreases / increases] over time. We begin relationships / by revealing relatively [little / much] about ourselves; then if our first bits of self disclosure are well received and [brought / bring] on similar responses from the other person, we re 3 willing to reveal [more / less]. 가져오다 [ 문장넣기] This principle is important to remember. It would usually be a [mistake / natural] / to assume that the way( 주어) to build a strong relationship would be( 동사) to reveal (the most private details about yourself) / when first making contact with another person. 빈칸주의 =when you first make 자신에대해세부적인모든것을드러낼만큼특별한상황이아니라면 =disclosure, revealment, exposure Unless the circumstances are [unique / common], / such baring of your soul would be likely to scare potential partners away rather than [bring / bringing] them closer. =potential partners * bare: 드러내다 요지 - Gradual(=incremental) self-disclosure is effective when partners start their relationship 파트너들이관계를시작할때는점진적인자기노출이효과적이다. 파트너들이자신에관한모든것을서로에게말함으로써관계를시작하는사례도일어나기는하지만, 그러한사례는드물다. 대부분의경우에, 털어놓는이야기의양은시간이지나면서증가한다. 우리는자신에대해비교적거의드러내지않음으로써관계를시작하고, 그런뒤우리가처음에조금털어놓은자신에관한이야기가잘받아들여지고상대방으로부터도비슷한반응을불러온다면, 우리는더많은것을드러내기를꺼린다( 기꺼이한다). 이러한원칙을기억하는것이중요하다. 다른사람과처음교제할때확고한관계를형성하는방법이자신에관한가장사적인세부사항을드러내는것이라고여기는것은대개잘못된생각일것이다. 상황이독특하지않다면, 그런식으로여러분의마음을드러내는것은파트너가될가능성이있는사람들을더가까이다가오게하기보다는놀라게하여쫓아버릴가능성이있다

21 [ 원문] Effective self-disclosure occurs incrementally Although instances occur in which partners start their relationship by telling everything about themselves to each other, such instances are rare. In most cases, the amount of disclosure increases over time. We begin relationships by revealing relatively little about ourselves; then if our first bits of self-disclosure are well-received and bring on similar responses from the other person, we re willing to reveal more. This principle is important to remember. It would usu- ally be a mistake to assume that the way to build a strong relationship would be to reveal the most private details about yourself when first making contact with another person. Unless the circumstances are unique, such baring of your soul would be likely to scare potential partners away rather than bring them closer. Self-Disclosure Is Relatively Rare Most conversations even among friends focus on everyday mundane topics and disclose little or no personal information. 55 Even partners in intimate relationships rarely talk about personal information. 56 Whether or not we open up to others is based on several criteria, some of which are listed in Table 6.6. What is the optimal amount of self-disclosure? You might suspect that the correct answer is the more, the better, at least in personal relationships. Research has shown that the matter isn t this simple, however. 57 For example, there seems to be a curvilinear relationship between openness and satisfaction in marriage, so that a moderate amount of openness produces bet- ter results than either extreme disclosure or withholding. One good measure of happiness is the expectations of communicators. If we get what we how well the level of disclosure matches believe is a reasonable amount of candour from others, we are happy. If they tell us too little or even too much we become less satisfied. Guidelines for Appropriate Self-Disclosure One fear we ve had while writing this chapter is that a few overenthusiastic readers may throw down their books and begin to share every personal detail of their lives with whomever they can find. As you can imagine, this kind of behaviour isn t an example of effective interpersonal communication. No single style of self-disclosure is appropriate for every situation. Let s take a look at some guidelines that can help you recognize how to express yourself in a way that s rewarding for you and the others involved. 58 Is the Other Person Important to You? There are several ways in which someone might be important. Perhaps you have an ongoing relationship deep enough so that sharing significant parts of yourself justifies keeping your present level of togetherness intact. Or perhaps the person to whom you re considering disclos- ing is someone with whom you ve previously related on a less personal level. If you now see a chance to grow closer, disclosure may be the path toward developing that personal relationship. Is the Risk of Disclosing Reasonable?

22 30. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 어휘주의 Mark 아빠빈칸주의 Jack stopped the cycle of (perfectionism) / that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games / by the time he was eight years old. =withstand, bear, tolerate, put up with Jack was [contributing / changing] to Mark s attitude / by always letting( 사역) him win at chess / because he didn t like to see( 지각) Mark get upset and cry. =getting One day, Jack realized (that) it was more important to allow Mark some experience / with 4 형식 [winning / losing], so he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose / with more [grace / violence]. =turning point Jack felt (that) a (milestone) 빈칸주의 with Mark and threw a bad ball. had been reached one day / when he was playing catch =Jack [Instead of / Because of] getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use 5 his sense of humor and commented, Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark. 잘던진아빠, 더럽게못잡은 Mark - 아빠가잘못해서제대로공을던지지못했는데도, Mark 는예전처럼화를내지않고, 아빠는잘던졌고자기가제대로 잡지못했다 고농담을할정도로져줄도아는참을성을지니게되었다는것 * milestone: 중대한시점 제목 - 완벽주의에서벗어난 Mark Jack은자신의아들 Mark 가보이기시작한완벽주의의순환을멈추게했다. Mark는 8살이되자시합에서지는것을참지못했다. 그 (Jack) 는 Mark가화가나서우는것을보고싶지않았기때문에 Mark가체스시합에서항상이기게함으로써 Mark 의태도에일조하고있었다. 어느날, Jack은 Mark 가패배를경험하게하는것이중요하다는것을깨달았고, 그래서그는최소한시합의절반은이기기시작했다. Mark 는처음에는화를냈지만, 더흔쾌히이기고지기시작했다. Jack은자신이 Mark 와캐치볼경기를하다가공을잘못던졌던어느날중대한시점에이르렀음을느꼈다. 공을놓친것에대하여화를내는대신에, Mark는자신의유머감각을사용할수있었고, 아빠는잘던졌어요. Mark 는엉망으로잡았어요. 라고말했다

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24 31. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 연결사추가문제 Most importantly, money needs to be 2 scarce in a predictable way. - 주제문 Precious metals have been desirable / as(- 로서) money across the millennia ( 수천년에걸쳐서) / not only because they have (intrinsic beauty) but also because they exist (in fixed quantities). 빈칸주의 ( 예를들어) 속도채굴되다 Gold and silver enter society / at the rate [at which / which] they are discovered and mined; additional precious metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. - ( 그리고) 금과은이외에추가적인귀중한금속은생산되어질수없고, 생산된다하더라도적어도싸게는생산될수없다. ( 게다가) Commodities / like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that( 그것은) still takes time and resources. - 쌀과담배같은상품도금과은처럼무한히재배될수없고시간과자원이든다. ( 그래서) A dictator( 독재자) / like Zimbabwe s Robert Mugabe could not order the government / to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. ( 하지만) 돈은무한히찍어낼수있으므로희소성이없다. 앞문장( 선행사) He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which [are / is] [because / why] they eventually became more valuable as (toilet paper) than (currency). =new Zimbabwe dollars - 로서빈칸주의 * intrinsic: 내재적인 제목 - Money with infinite supply and no intrinsic value 요지 ( 내재적가치는없고무한한공급을가진돈) - 돈이예측가능한방식으로희소성이있을필요가있다. 아주중요한것은돈이예측가능한방식으로희소성이있을필요가있다는것이다. 귀금속은내재적인아름다움을지니고있을뿐만아니라고정된양으로존재하기때문에수천년에걸쳐돈으로서바람직했다. 금과은은발견되고채굴되는속도로사회에유입되며, 추가적인귀금속은생산될수없고, 적어도싸게생산될수는없다. 쌀과담배와같은상품들은재배할수있지만, 그것은여전히시간과자원이든다. Zimbabwe의 Robert Mugabe와같은독재자도정부에 100조톤의쌀을생산하라고명령할수없었다. 그는수조의새로운 Zimbabwe 달러를만들어유통시킬수있었는데, 이것은결국그것이통화( 通貨 ) 보다휴지로서더가치가있게되었던이유이다

25 [ 원문] 책제목 - Naked Money: A Revealing Look at Our Financial System

26 32. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 연결사, 문장순서, 주제, 제목 In one experiment, children were told (that) they could have one marshmallow treat / if they chose to eat it immediately, but (they could have) two treats / if they waited. 가정법과거 [ 문장순서] Most of the children( 주어), / who ranged in age from 4 to 8, / chose( 동사) to wait, but the strategies( 주어) / (which or that) they used / [resembled / differed] ( 동사) significantly. The 4 year olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, = a strategy / that was not terribly [ineffective / effective]. - 쳐다보니까먹고싶어서그냥먹어버린애들이많았다. [ 문장넣기] 빈칸주의 (In contrast), 6 and 8 year olds used (language) / to help (to) overcome [patience / temptation], / [despite / although] (they were) in [same / different] ways. 혼자말로 분사구문 The 6 year olds spoke and sang to themselves, reminding [themselves / them] (that) they would get more treats / if they waited( 가정법과거). 모양이어떻고, 색깔이어떻고등혼잣말로마시멜로의측면들에집중했다후치수식 The 8 year olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows / [related / unrelated] to taste, such as appearance, which helped [them / themselves] (to) wait. =and it( 앞문장선행사) (In short), children used ( self talk ) 빈칸주의 / to 3 regulate their behavior. 제목 Developing Self-Control by Delaying Gratification(=Satisfaction) ( 당장의만족을미룸으로서자기통제력을기르기) 주제 - Self-talk: How kids can master willpower. 한실험에서아이들은마시멜로과자를즉시먹는것을선택하면마시멜로과자하나를먹을수있지만, 기다리면두개를먹을수있다는말을들었다. 4세에서 8 세에이르는아이대부분이기다리는것을선택했지만, 그들이사용한전략은상당히달랐다. 4 세아이들은기다리면서마시멜로를쳐다보는것을흔히선택했는데, 그전략은그다지효과적이진않았다. 그에반해서, 6세와 8 세아이들은유혹을이겨내는데도움을얻기위해언어를사용했는데, 방법은서로달랐다. 6세아이들은기다리면더많은과자를얻게될거라자신에게상기시키며, 혼잣말을하고노래를흥얼거렸다. 8세아이들은겉모습과같은, 맛과관계없는마시멜로의측면들에집중했는데, 이것은그들이기다리는데도움을주었다. 요컨대, 아이들은자신의행동을통제하기위해 혼잣말 을사용했다

27 - 27 -

28 33. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 어법과어휘주의 빈칸주의 The desire for (fame) has its roots in the 2 experience of neglect. - 주제문 No one ( 선행사) would want to be famous / [what / who] ( 관계대명사) [hasn t / hadn t] also, somewhere in the past, been made [feel / to feel] extremely [insignificant / significant]. 사역동사수동태 - 과거에하찮은존재로느껴본적없는사람은유명해지고싶어하지않는다. 즉과거에무시당한경험이없는사람은명 성에대한욕망이덜하다. =much 단수명사 We sense the need / for [a number of / a great deal of] admiring attention / when we have been painfully exposed to ( 예를들면) 어떤사람의부모들 (earlier deprivation). 어렸을때의박탈감 빈칸주의 Perhaps one s parents were hard to [impress / ignore]. 부모가자신에게관심을갖기가어려웠다. 두문장을이어주는접속사가없음( 비문) They never noticed( 관심을가지다) one( 목적어, 어떤사람) much, (and) they were so busy with other things, / focusing ( 분사구문) on other famous people, (being) unable to have or express kind feelings, or just [to work / working] too hard. There were no bedtime stories / and one s school reports weren t the subject( 대상) of praise and admiration. 성적표도보잘것없었다. [ 문장넣기] That s [why / because] one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we re famous, our parents will have to [admire / neglect] us too. 요지 - 유명해지고싶은욕망은과거의무시당한경험에그뿌리를두고있다. 명성에대한욕망은무시당한경험에그뿌리를두고있다. 과거어느시점에자신이대단히하찮은사람이라는느낌을또한겪어보지못했던사람은어느누구도유명해지고싶지않을것이다. 우리는더일찍이고통스럽게박탈감을겪게되었을때우리를대단하다고보는많은관심의필요를느낀다. 어쩌면어떤이의부모는감명시키기가어려웠을것이다. 그들( 부모) 은결코그에게많은주의를기울이지못했고, 다른유명한사람들에게집중하거나, 다정한감정을갖거나이를표현할수없었거나, 그저너무열심히일하며다른일로너무바빴다. 잠들기전에읽어주는이야기가없었고, 그의성적통지표는칭찬과감탄의대상이아니었다. 그러한이유때문에그는언젠가세상이관심을가져주기를꿈꾼다. 우리가유명하면, 우리의부모역시우리를대단하게볼수밖에없을것이다

29 [ 원문] Your desire to be famous and the problems it will bring you We don t always feel comfortable admitting it to our friends; it is embarrassing. But, secretly, the idea of being famous has great appeal. Fame is deeply attractive because it seems to offer very significant benefits. The fantasies go like this: when you are famous, wherever you go, your good reputation will precede you. People will think well of you, because your merits have been impressively explained in advance. You will get warm smiles from admiring strangers. You won t need to make you own case laboriously on each occasion. When you are famous, you will be safe from rejection. You won t have to win over every new person. Fame will mean other people will be flattered and delighted even if you are only slightly interested in them. They will be amazed to see you in the flesh. They ll ask to take a photo with you. They ll sometimes laugh nervously with excitement. Furthermore, no one will be able to afford to upset you. When you re not pleased with something, it will become a big problem for others. If you say your hotel room isn t up to scratch, the management will panic. Your complaints will be taken very seriously. Your happiness will become the focus of everyone s efforts. You will make or break other people s reputations. You ll be boss. The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect, in injury. No one would want to be famous who hadn t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely insignificant. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier deprivation. Perhaps one s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy on other things, focusing on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no bedtime stories and one s school reports weren t the subject of praise and admiration. That s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we re famous, our parents will have to admire us too (which throws up an insight into one of the great signs of good parenting: that your child has no desire to be famous). But even if our parents were warm and full of praise, there might still be a problem. It might be that it was the buffeting and indifference of the wider world (starting with the schoolyard) that was intolerable after all the early years of adulation at home. One might have emerged from familial warmth and been mortally hurt that strangers were not as kind and understanding as one had come to expect. The crushing experience of humiliation might even have been vicarious: one s mother being rudely dismissed by a waiter; one s father standing awkwardly alone

30 34. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 문장순서 When the [late / latest] Theodore Roosevelt came back from Africa, / just after he left the White House in 1909, / he made his first public appearance / at Madison Square Garden. 26대미국대통령 1901년-1909 년까지대통령으로있었음( 재선했음) 1911년 4월 [ 문장순서] 의미상주어 Before he would agree to make the appearance( 모습을드러내다), he carefully arranged for nearly one thousand paid applauders( 돈을받은천명의박수부대) / [to scatter / to be scattered] throughout the audience / to applaud his entrance on the platform( 연단에입장할때박수갈채를보내도록). For more than 15 minutes, these paid hand clappers made the place [to ring / ring] / with their enthusiasm. 호응하다 유인, 유도, 암시 15분더 The rest of the audience took up the suggestion and joined in / for another quarter hour. 후치수식( 참석한) 열광되다 The newspaper men present were [literally / literately] swept off their feet / by the tremendous applause [giving / given] the American hero, and his name was emblazoned across the headlines of the newspapers in letters two inches high(2 인치높이의글자로). Roosevelt 1 understood and made intelligent use of (personal promotion). 빈칸주의 원문마지막문장 That was the major reason why he was a great statesman! * emblazon: 선명히새기다 시어도어루즈벨트 (Theodore Roosevelt) 년 - 국력신장에크게기여한미국제26대대통령 cf) 프랭클린루즈벨트(Franklin Roosevelt) 가아님 [ 년 미국 32 대대통령(4 선대통령)] 요지 - You need your intelligent promotion to succeed 고( 故 ) Theodore Roosevelt는 1909년에백악관을떠난직후아프리카에서돌아왔을때 Madison Square Garden에서대중에게처음으로모습을드러냈다. 모습을드러내는것에동의하기전에그는자신이연단에입장할때박수갈채를보내도록거의 1,000 명에달하는 돈을받은박수부대 를청중들사이에흩어져있도록세심하게준비했다. 돈을받은이박수부대들은 15 분이넘게그장소에자신들의열광이울려펴지게했다. 나머지청중도그유도에호응하여 15분더그열광에동참했다. 참석한신문기자들은문자그대로그미국영웅(Roosevelt) 에게보내는엄청난박수갈채에열광했고, 그의이름은각종신문의헤드라인에 2 인치높이의글자로선명히새겨졌다. Roosevelt는개인홍보를이해하고영리하게활용했다

31 [ 원문]

32 35. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 어법주의(A-C) In addition to (A) [control / controlling] temperatures / when handling fresh produce( 농산물), (control of the atmosphere) is important. 빈칸주의 Some moisture is needed in the air / to prevent dehydration during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. 공기조절시스템 분사구문의부대상황 Some commercial storage units( 상업용저장시설) have controlled atmospheres, / with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture (B) [regulating / being regulated] carefully. Sometimes other gases( 주어), such as ethylene gas, may be introduced( 동사) at controlled levels / to help (to) achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. 정해진양만으로 p.p.( 보어) 빈칸주의동사 + 주어 ( 도치문장) (C) [Relating / Related] to (the control of gases and moisture) is the need / for some circulation of air / among the stored foods. 원래문장 : The need for some circulation of air among the stored foods is related to the control of gases and moisture. 수동태 * dehydration: 탈수 ** controlled atmosphere: 저온저장과함께공기의농도를조절하는장치 제목 - The Control of Gases and Moisture for Managing Fresh Produce 신선한농산물을취급할때온도를관리하는것뿐만아니라공기의관리도중요하다. 저장하는동안탈수를막기위해공기중에약간의습기가필요하지만, 너무많은습기는곰팡이의증식을조장할수있다. 일부상업용저장시설은이산화탄소와습기양쪽모두의수준이세심하게조절되는 CA 시스템을갖추고있다. ( 살아있는생명체가숨을쉴때이산화탄소를방출하지만, 이산화탄소는오염물질로널리간주된다.) 바나나와다른신선한농산물의최적의품질을달성하는데도움이되도록때때로에틸렌가스와같은다른기체가통제된수준으로유입될수있다. 저장된식품들사이에약간의공기순환의필요성이기체와습기의관리와관련되어있다

33 [ 원문]

34 36. 출제포인트 문장넣기, 연결사, 마지막원문문장참고 Studies show that no one is born to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one(=an entrepreneur). 불어: 앙뜨레프레너 주어절대동사 =become one 동사 (B) Whether someone does or doesn t [to be / is] a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. (However), there are (personality traits and characteristics) / commonly associated with entrepreneurs. 빈칸주의 [ 문장넣기] 빈칸주의 (A) These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual s (social context). [ 문장넣기] (For example), people( 주어) with parents who were self employed [are / is] ( 동사) more likely to become entrepreneurs. (C) After witnessing a father s or mother s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence [appealing / to appeal]. [ 문장넣기] 5 형식 (Similarly), people( 주어) who personally know an entrepreneur are( 동사) more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm( 회사) [than / as] those (who are) with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models. ( 원문다음문장) * entrepreneur: 기업가 The positive impact( 주어) of knowing an entrepreneur is explained( 동사) by the fact / that (direct observation of other entrepreneurs) reduces (the ambiguity and uncertainty) / associated with the entrepreneurial process. 빈칸주의 주제 - Entrepreneurs are not inborn but acquired. 제목 - The myth: Entrepreneurs are born, not made 여러연구에서어느누구도기업가가되도록 타고난 것은아니며모든사람은기업가가될잠재력이있다는것을보여준다. (B) 어떤사람이기업가가되느냐되지않느냐하는것에는환경, 인생경험, 그리고개인적인선택이작용한다. 그러나기업가와흔히연관되어있는성격특성과특징이있다. (A) 이런특성은시간이경과하면서드러나고개인의사회적환경으로부터서서히발달한다. 예를들어, 자영업을하는부모를가진사람이기업가가될가능성이더높다. (C) 아버지나어머니가직장에서독립적으로일하는것을본뒤에, 개인은독립이매력적이라고생각할가능성이더높다. 마찬가지로, 개인적으로기업가를알고있는사람이기업가인지인이나롤모델이없는사람보다새로운회사를시작하는일에관여할가능성이두배가넘게높다

35 [ 원문] Common Myths About Entrepreneurs Entrepreneurs are born, not made; This myth is based on the mistaken belief that some people are genetically predisposed to be entrepreneurs. The consensus of many hundreds of studies on the psychological and sociological makeup of entrepreneurs is that entrepreneurs are not genetically different from other people. This evidence can be interpreted as meaning that no one is born to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the potential to become one. Whether someone does or doesn t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal choices. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly associated with entrepreneurs; these are common traits and characteristics of Entrepreneurs These traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual s social context. For example, studies show that people with parents who were self-employed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After witnessing a father s or mother s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than twice as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models. The positive impact of knowing an entrepreneur is explained by the fact that direct observation of other entrepreneurs reduces the ambiguity and uncertainty associated with the entrepreneurial process

36 37. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 어휘주의, 문장넣기 According to the consulting firm McKinsey, / knowledge workers spend up to(- 까지) 60 percent of their time looking for information, responding to s, and collaborating with others. 빈칸주의 = , sns 등 (C) By using (social technologies), those workers can become up to 25 percent more [productively / productive]. 2형식 -까지 The need( 주어) / for productivity gains( 생산성증진) through working harder and longer / has( 동사) a [limit / necessity] and a human toll ( 사람의희생). 어휘주의 [ 문장넣기] 빈칸주의 =to work smarter (B) The solution is to enable people (to work smarter), / not just by saying it, but by (putting smart tools and improved processes in place) / so that people can perform / at enhanced levels. =social technologies put A in place : A를가동시키다 [ 문장넣기] =to work smarter (A) Think of it as the robot assisted human, [giving / given] superpowers through the aid of technology. 후치수식 자동화같은지루한일들 Our jobs become [enriched / unsolved] / by relying on robots to do the tedious / while we work on increasingly more [simplified / sophisticated] tasks. * tedious: 지루한, 싫증나는 내용요약 - 지식노동자들이단순히더열심히그리고더오래일하게해서생산성증진에는한계가있기때문에사회공학적기술인이메일이나스마트기기, SNS 등을이용하여대인간의상호작용을통해서더스마트하게일을하게되면생산성이훨씬더증가하게된다는것. 요지 - By using social technologies, companies can raise the productivity of knowledge workers. 요약문 - Improved communication and collaboration through social technologies could raise the productivity of interaction workers. 컨설턴트회사 McKinsey 에따르면, 지식노동자는정보를찾고, 이메일에답장하며, 다른사람들과협력하는데자신들의시간중 60 퍼센트까지사용한다. (C) 사회공학적기술을이용함으로써, 그런노동자들은 25퍼센트까지생산성이더높아질수있다. 더열심히그리고더오래일하는것을통한생산성증진의필요성에는한계가있고사람들의희생이따른다. (B) 해결책은사람들이향상된수준에서업무를할수있도록그냥말만함으로써가아니라스마트기기와개선된과정을가동함으로써사람들이더스마트하게일할수있게해주는것이다. (A) 그것을기술의도움으로막강한힘을부여받은, 로봇의도움을받는인간으로생각해보라. 우리가점점더정교한과업을수행하는동안, 지루한일을하는것은로봇에게의존함으로써우리의일은질이높아지게된다

37 [ 원문]

38 38. 출제포인트 문장순서( 넣기), 어휘주의, 빈칸넣기 Two major kinds( 주어) of (age related structural changes) occur( 동사) in the eye. 첫째 ) 빈칸주의 One is a [increase / decrease] in the amount of light / that passes through the eye, [resulted / resulting] [in / from] the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. cf) result 수동, 수동태불가 [ 문장순서] 그만큼잘 As you might suspect, this change is one reason / why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their [willingness / reluctance] to go places at night. =and it( 앞문장) 설명하다 One possible logical response( 주어) to the need for more light would be( 동사) to [increase / decrease] illumination levels in general. 주변을밝게하는것 [ (However), this solution does not work in all situations / because we also become increasingly [dull / sensitive] to glare( 눈부시다). ] - 점점밝아져서눈이부시는데는또한민감해지기때문이다 두번째) [ 문장넣기] 빈칸주의 (In addition), our ability( 주어) (to adjust to changes in illumination), called adaptation, declines. 조도의변화를조절하는 동사 Going( 주어) from outside into a darkened movie theater involves( 동사) dark adaptation; going( 주 어 ) back outside involves 동사 ) light adaptation. 암순응과명순응 Research indicates that the time( 주어) (which or that) / it takes for both types of adaptation / [decreases / increases] ( 동사) with age( 나이를들어감에따라). 어휘주의 * illumination: 조도, 조명 제목 Two Major Kinds of Age related Structural Changes in the Eye 나이와관련된주요한두종류의구조적변화가눈에서일어난다. 한가지는눈을통과하는빛의양의감소인데, 이것은독서와같은일을하기위해서는더많은빛이필요하게만든다. 여러분이추측할수있는것처럼, 이변화가노인들이어둠속에서그만큼잘보지못하는한가지이유인데, 그것이부분적으로는그들이밤에돌아다니기를꺼리는이유를설명해줄수있다. 더많은빛의필요성에대한한가지가능한논리적대응은전반적으로조도를늘리는것이다. 하지만이해결책은우리가또한점점환한빛에더민감해지기때문에모든상황에서효과가있는것은아니다. 게다가순응이라불리는, 조도의변화에적응하는우리의능력은쇠퇴한다. 외부에서캄캄해진영화관으로들어가는것은암( 暗 ) 순응과관련이있고, 외부로다시나가는것은명( 明 ) 순응과관련이있다. 연구는두가지유형모두순응에걸리는시간이나이가들면서증가한다는것을보여준다

39 [ 원문]

40 39. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 문장순서( 넣기), 연결사, 요약문, 주제 By (acting on( 작용하다, 영향을주다) either natural or artificial resources), through (techniques), we alter them(=resources) in various ways. 빈칸주의 [ 문장순서] (Thus) we create artifacts ( 선행사), which form an important aspect of technologies. 1차가공품 - 기술로천연자원에영향을준사례, 재료의역할을하는가공품( 점토항아리) [ A clay pot is an example of a material artifact( 선행사), which, [despite / although] (it was) [transformed / transforming] by human activity, [is / being] not all that( 지시부사) [near / far] removed / from its natural state. ] 수동태그렇게멀리 떨어진, 자리가옮겨진 2차혹은 3 차가공품 기술로인공자원( 가공품) 에영향을준사례 A plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip, (on the other hand), are examples of artifacts( 선행사) / that are [near / far] removed from the original states of the natural resources / needed( 후치수식) to create them. =the natural states [ 문장넣기] =a plastic cup, a contact lens, and a computer chip Artifacts can serve as (resources in other technological processes). 빈칸주의 - 주제문 [ 문장넣기] 빈칸주의 This is one of the important (interaction effects) / within the technological system. (In other words), each new technology increases the stock( 축적, 재고) of available tools and resources / that (can be employed by other technologies) / to produce =Role (new artifacts.) 빈칸주의 =used * artifact: 가공품 제목 Function of Artifacts(=built environments) as Resources in Other Technological Processes 요약문 1) - Once artifacts has been made, they can serve as a resource / to further technological development. 요약문 2) - Once a built environment has been created, everything in it can serve as a resource / to further technological development. 기술로천연자원이나인공자원에영향을줌으로써, 우리는그것들을다양한방식으로바꾼다. 이렇게하여우리는 가공품 을만들어내는데, 그것은기술의중요한한측면을형성한다. 점토항아리는재료가공품의한사례인데, 비록인간활동으로인해변형되었지만, 그것의천연상태에서그렇게까지멀리떨어진것은아니다. 반면에플라스틱컵, 콘택트렌즈, 그리고컴퓨터칩은그것을만드는데필요한천연자원의원상태에서멀리떨어진가공품의사례이다. 가공품은다른기술적과정에서자원의역할을할수있다. 이것은기술적시스템내에서의중요한상호작용효과중하나이다. 다시말해각각의새로운기술은새로운가공품을생산하기위해다른기술에의해쓰일수있는이용가능한도구와자원의축적을늘린다

41 [ 원문]

42 40. 출제포인트 빈칸넣기, 문장넣기 [Despite / Although] all the talk / of how [strong / weak] intentions are in the face of(-에직면해서 는 ) habits, / it s worth [to emphasize / emphasizing] that ( 진주어) / much of the time / (even our strong habits do follow our intentions). 빈칸주의 - 의도를가지고습관을깨뜨리고자해도습관앞에서는의도가무너져서습관을깨뜨리기가어렵다는온갖말에도불구 하고, 대개강력한습관조차도우리가의도한바를따른다. 즉강력한습관도우리의의도가작용하고있는것이므로의 도를가지면강력한습관도깰수있다.. =what we intend to do We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it s happening automatically(=subconsciously). - 우리는대개의식을가지고의도한바대로일을하고있다. 비록의도한일이무의식적으로일어나기도하지만 - 에도마찬가지다 =habits 의도를의식하지않고 This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them / without bringing the intention to consciousness, (the habits still line up with our original intentions). 빈칸넣기 - 우리가습관을행할때의도를의식하지않고행하고있지만, 습관은여전히우리의원래의의도가작용하고있다. [ 문장넣기] Even better, (our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe) / even when (our conscious mind is [attracted / distracted ]). 빈칸넣기 - 더좋은것은, 의도가작용하지않을때도( 딴데가있어도) 우리의자동적이고무의식적인습관이우리를안전하게해준다. We look both ways / before crossing the road / despite(=in spite of) thinking about a rather depressing holiday (which or that) we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on( 착용하다) / before reaching into the oven / despite being preoccupied( 몰두하다) / about [what / whether] the cabbage is overcooked. - 의도( 의식) 가딴생각을가지고있을때도( 딴데가있어도), 위험을피하려면의도가있어야하지만, 습관이길을안전 하게건너게해주고, 불에데지않게해줌으로써위험을피하게해준다. 5형식목적보어 In both cases, our goal( 주어) of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served( 동사) / by (our automatic, unconscious habits). 빈칸주의 The habitual acts we automatically do are related to our (A) intention and these acts can be helpful in keeping us from (B) danger in our lives. 우리가자동적으로행하는습관적행동은우리의의도와관련이있으며이러한행동은우리의삶에서우리를위험으로부터지켜주는데도움을줄수있다. 요약 - 우리의습관은의도가작용하고있는것이고, 심지어의도가작용하고있지않더라도습관이 주제 우리를위험으로부터지켜줄수있다는것 Habits are what is formed by intention ( 습관은우리의의도에의해형성된것이다) * 원문내용 습관은우리의의도에의해형성된것이므로의도를가지면강력한습관도깰수있 고또한우리가깨뜨려야할나쁜습관은소수에불과하다는것

43 습관앞에서의도가얼마나약한지에관한온갖말에도불구하고대부분의경우에심지어우리의강한습관조차도우리의의도를정말따른다는것은강조할만한가치가있다. 비록자동적으로일어나기는하지만, 대체로우리는우리가하고자의도하는것을하고있다. 이것은아마대부분의습관에있어서도마찬가지일것이다. 우리가의도를의식하지않은채그것( 습관) 을행하지만, 습관은여전히우리의본래의도와함께작용한다. 더좋은점은우리의의식하고있는마음이산만할때조차우리의자동적이고무의식적인습관이우리를안전하게지켜줄수있다는것이다. 브라질에서가졌던다소울적한휴일에관해생각하고있음에도불구하고, 우리는길을건너기전에양쪽을모두쳐다보고, 양배추가지나치게익었는지에관해몰두하고있음에도불구하고, 오븐안으로손을뻗기전에오븐용장갑을낀다. 두가지경우에서모두자신을살리고데이지않게하려는우리의목표가우리의자동적이고무의식적인습관에의해이행된다. [ 원문]

44 41~42. 출제포인트 문장순서( 넣기), 빈칸넣기, 어휘주의, 연결사 Mary is an interior designer. A friend of [her / hers] bought a house / that needed [to be renovated / to renovate], and had asked her to do the interior decoration. Mary wanted the interior of the house to look [practical / attractive]. [ 문장순서] (However), she would ignore safety standards and would not listen to other contractors( 계약자), / if she did not think (that) their proposals fit( 들어맞다) her [profits / ideals]. For all the home products / (which or that) she picked for the house, / her main concern was whether they looked attractive, not whether they were effective or reliable. She chose a fancy looking door lock, against( 반하여, 반대하여) the advice of the locksmith / who did not think (that) it was [dependable / unreliable]. [ 문장넣기] (As a consequence), a year later, it was necessary to change the door lock, as there was difficulty (in) opening the lock with the key. =because [ 문장넣기] (In addition), she picked toilets / in an [downmarket / upscale] model and design. [ 문장넣기] =fancy looking (However), the homeowner later found out [that / what] the toilet handle( 변기손잡이) must be held down / to complete the [blushing / flushing] action( 물을완전히내리기위해서는). The plumber was not able to adjust( 조정하다 ) the lever / inside the toilet tank / to fix the problem. Mary prefers to think that she is always right. She chooses information that fits her 1 liking, and ignores other people s recommendations. (However), when facing a problem, we should always have (an open mind), and should (consider all relevant information). 빈칸주의 We definitely should not let (our prejudice and emotion) take the better part of us. 빈칸주의 더나은부분을차지하다

45 요지 - Consider all relevant information by open mind, not by biased information 제목 - Be Practical Rather Than Ideal ( 이상보다는실용적이되어라) Mary 는인테리어디자이너이다. 그녀의친구중한명이개조할필요가있는집을샀는데, 그녀에게실내장식을해달라고요청했었다. Mary 는그집의실내가매력적으로보이길원했다. 그러나그녀는안전기준을무시하곤했고, 다른계약자들의제안이자신의이상과맞지않는다고생각되면, 그들의말을들으려하지않았다. 그집을위해선택한모든가정용제품에대한그녀의주된관심은그것이효율적인가또는믿을만한가가아니라매력적으로보이는가하는것이었다. 그녀는그것( 자물쇠) 이믿을만하지않다고생각하는자물쇠업자의조언을듣지않고, 화려해보이는문자물쇠를선택했다. 그결과, 1 년뒤열쇠로자물쇠를여는데어려움이있어문자물쇠를교체하는것이필요했다. 그뿐만아니라그녀는고급스러운모델과디자인의변기를선택했다. 그러나나중에집주인은물을완전히내려보내기위해서는변기손잡이를누르고있어야한다는것을알게되었다. 배관공은그문제를해결하기위해변기수조안에있는레버를조정할수없었다. Mary 는자신이항상옳다고생각하길좋아한다. 그녀는자신의기호에맞는정보를선택하고다른사람의충고는무시한다. 그러나문제에직면할때우리는항상개방적인마음을가져야하고, 관련된모든정보를고려해야한다. 우리는절대우리의편견과감정이우리의대부분을차지하게해서는안된다

46 [ 원문]

47 43~45. In May 1977, Leif Rongemo in Malmö, Sweden, returning from the kitchen to the living room of his third floor apartment, discovered that the casement window was open and his two year old daughter was missing from the living room. When he looked outside, he saw the street thirty six feet below and his little daughter crawling on all fours along a narrow concrete ledge that circled the building. He tried not to let out a cry of alarm to avoid startling her, because an extraordinary kind of rescue was already under way. Following just behind the baby girl was the family s Alsatian dog, whining softly in distress. Both dog and daughter were far beyond reach and there was no room on the narrow ledge for either to turn around and crawl back to the window. The father quickly realized that if he attempted to get on the ledge, all three would probably die. He called his wife to help from the window while he rushed down to the street to try to catch the child. As the baby girl crawled farther away from the window and safety, the dog pushed forward determinedly and at last seized the child s diaper in his jaws. To the amazement of those who had gathered on the street below they were attempting to create a net to catch the child the dog then moved carefully backwards, inch by inch, pulling the little girl back toward the window. The heart pounding backwards journey took three minutes, until the mother could snatch her child. The dog then leapt into the room, proudly wagging his tail. The family had been thinking of giving the dog to someone because they were concerned he might be too big to keep around a small child. His bold rescue of their daughter, however, made (e) him a most treasured member of the family. * casement: 여닫이창( 문)

48 불일치 - 아이와함께기를수없어서개를다른집에보냈다. (A) 1977년 5월에스웨덴의 Malmö에사는 Leif Rongemo는자신의 3층아파트의주방에서거실로돌아와여닫이창이열려있다는것과자신의두살짜리딸이거실에서사라졌다는것을발견했다. 밖을내다보았을때, 그는 36피트아래에있는도로를보았고자신의어린딸이건물을둥글게둘러싼좁은콘크리트턱을따라네손발로기어가는것을보았다. 그는딸아이를놀라게하지않기위해경고의외침소리를내지않으려고애를썼는데, 그이유는평범하지않은유형의구조가이미진행되고있었기때문이다. (C) 그가족의독일셰퍼드종개가곤란해하며작은소리로낑낑거리면서그여자아이의바로뒤에서따라가고있었다. 개와딸둘다손이닿을수있는범위에서한참벗어나있었고, 좁은턱에는둘중누구도몸을돌려서다시창으로기어올수있는공간이전혀없었다. 아빠는자신이턱으로올라서려는시도를한다면아마도셋다죽을수도있다는것을바로깨달았다. (B) 그는아내를불러창문에서도와주게하고자신은아이를붙잡아보려고도로로달려내려갔다. 그여자아이가창문으로부터더멀리기어가서안전으로부터더멀어지자, 그개는결연히앞으로나아가마침내아이의기저귀를입으로물었다. 아이를받기위해서그물을만들려하며아래쪽도로에모여있던사람들이놀랄만큼, 그개는그런다음에조심스럽게조금씩뒤로이동하면서, 그어린여자아이를창문쪽으로다시끌어당겼다. (D) 그심장떨리는뒤로끌어당기는과정이 3 분이걸린후에야, 엄마가자신의아이를붙잡을수있었다. 그런다음에그개는방으로뛰어들어와자랑스러운듯이자신의꼬리를흔들었다. 그가족은그개가작은아이주변에서기르기에는너무클수도있다고우려하여그개를누군가에게주려고생각해왔었다. 하지만그들의딸을대담하게구조함으로써그개는그가족의매우소중한구성원이되었다