고등RPM수Ⅱ해(001~035)

Transcription

1 고등RPM수Ⅱ해(00~05) : PM 페이지 다민 50DPI 75LPI 하나를 알면 0개, 0개를 풀 수 있는 개념원리수학 RPM 개념원리수학 익힘책 [알피엠] 수학Ⅱ 정답과 풀이

2 RPM 000 A,, {, } <A {},A Δ Δ,A {{, }},A _ <,,, {,,,, 5} {0,,,,, 6} 000 A=B a -=8 a =9 a= 000 A={,, 5, 0} =6( ) , 5 = =( ) 0006, 0 = =( ) 0007 U={,,,, y, 5} A={,, 6, 8, 0,, } B={,, 5, 7, 9,,, 5} C={5, 0, 5} A'B={,,,, y,, 5} BÇ ={,, 6, 8, 0,, } BÇ ;C={0} B'C={,, 5, 7, 9, 0,,, 5} A;(B'C)={0} B-C={,, 7, 9,, } A;(B-C)=Δ 0008 { - 5} { <- >6} Δ A'B={ - 5} (A'B)Ç ={ <- >5} 0009 A;B={}, C;A=Δ, B;C=Δ A C, B C A C, B C 000, yy 00 (AÇ 'B);A=(AÇ ;A)'(B;A) =Δ'(B;A)=B;A (BÇ -A)Ç ;A=(BÇ ;AÇ )Ç ;A=(B'A);A=A (A'B)'(AÇ ;BÇ )=(A'B)'(A'B)Ç =U [B'(C;B)]Ç ;A=BÇ ;A=A-B B;A A U A-B 00 (AÇ )=(U)-(A)=60-7= (B-A)=(B)-(A;B)=0-=8 (A;BÇ )=(A-B)=(A)-(A;B) =7-=5 (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) =7+0-=55 (AÇ ;BÇ )=((A'B)Ç )=(U)-(A'B) =60-55=5 (AÇ 'BÇ )=((A;B)Ç )=(U)-(A;B) =60-= (A'B'C) =(A)+(B)+(C)-(A;B)-(B;C) -(C;A)+(A;B;C) = = , 006 A,, 5 0 A, <A, A, 5<A, 7 A 00

3 009 ~ A,,, 6, 9, 8 <A, <A, 8 A, A,,,, 00 {0, 0, 05, 07, y} {0,,,, y} [;%;, ;$;, ;#;, ;%;, y] 008 ab fi fi fl fi fl fi fl fi fl C={,,, y, } B={0} (B)= 005 ({0,,,, })=5 ({a, b,, })= ({ 8 })=({,,, 6, 9, 8})=6 (Δ)=0 ({,,, 7})-({,, })=-=,, 009 A={, }, B={0,,, 6} C={,,,, 5, 6, 7, 8} C 8 +y A={Δ,, {}} Δ,, {} Δ<A {Δ},A ( ) {}<A ( ) {}<A {{}},A ( ) Δ<A, <A {Δ, },A ( ) Δ<A ( ) 000 C «μ (, m ) 7= _ 08= _ 6=_ _7 6=_ = _, C 00 (6, )<A, (-, -)<A (6, ) (-, -) a-by= 6a-b=, -a+b= a=8, b=8 a+b= , ,, + + +, =0, =, =, -,, A={-,, } A A={,, {, }},, {, } <A, {, }<A, {},A, {, },A A 008 A={Δ, {Δ},, {, }} Δ, {Δ},, {, } Δ<A, {Δ}<A, <A, {, }<A {, {, }},A, Δ,A A {Δ,, } A,,, 009 0,, 5, 0 X={,, 5, 0} 0 X 0 X ( ) X X ( ), 0 X {, 0},X ( ), 000 {,, 5} A 00 {, 6, 9, y} {,,, y} Δ {, 8,, y, 96} {9,,, y}, 00 A={,,, 8} Δ,A {,,, 8},A {}, {}, {}, {8} 00

4 RPM {, }, {, }, {, 8}, {, }, {, 8}, {, 8} 6 {,, }, {,, 8}, {,, 8}, {,, 8} 00 A={,,, 5, 6, 0, 5, 0} A A A {,,, 5, 6, 0, 5, 0}=A A 00 A 0,, {0, } A Δ, {0}, {}, {{0, }}, {0, }, {0, {0, }}, {, {0, }} A={,, 9} X,A, X+A X A X Δ, {}, {}, {9}, {, }, {, 9}, {, 9} 00 A={ 0 } 5 5, 0, 5, 0 -= , 7 -= -=7 0,, 5, 7, 9 fi -= 5, 6, 9,, 5 fi -= Δ,, {, } -=5 006 a<a, b<a ;ab; a b 6 8 ;!; ;#; 6 ;!; ;@; ;$; 8 ;!; ;!; ;#; B=[;!;, ;!;, ;!;, ;@;, ;#;,, ;$;, ;#;,,, ] B =08( ) 007 P(A) A P(A)={Δ, {a}, {b}, {a, b}} Δ,A Δ<P(A) {a, b},a {a, b}<p(a) {a},a {a}<p(a) {a, b}<p(a) {{a, b}},p(a) A (P(A))= 008 <A, <A A,, 5 A 5 S A fl = =8( ) 009 A={,, 7, } -= -=7( ) S={0,, 5, {}, 7} X 5, 7 fi = =8( ) 8 00 «=6= -= =8 «-=6 «=6=fl -=6 = A {,, 5} fi - =-8=( ) 00 A={, 6, 9,, 5, 8} {6,, 8} (fl -)- =6--8=55( ) A A a, c {b, d, e, f} fl - =6-6=8( ) A a fl =fi ( ) c fl =fi ( ) a, c fl = ( ) a c fi +fi - =+-6=8( ) 005 {, }, {, 5}, {, 7}, {, 9}, 5, 7, 9 00

5 0 ~ 05 A =5 _5=00 a+=8, b= a=7, b= a+b=9, a+b=9 006 X {,, 5, 7, 9}, 7 X fi = =8( ) 007 A={,,, y, 0}, B={,, 6, 8} B,X,A X A,, 6, 8 =fl =6 X+A, X+B X 6-=6 6 B,X,A X 0% B,X,A X 50% X+A, X+B X 0% 008 A={,, 6, y}, B={, 8,, y} A+B A={,,, y, 9} A+B A={,,, 6}, B={,, 5, 0} A+B B={,, 5, 7, 9} A=B A={,, 6, y}, B={,, 5, y} A+B 009 A,B B,A A=B A={,,, 8, 6} (B)= A={, a, }, B={, b, b -} <A <B, b = b -= b =, b= b A=B={,, } a= b -=, b, A=B a, b a=, b= a+b= A,B, B,A A=B A={,,, 8}, B={,, a+, b} <A, 8<A <B, 8<B a+=, b=8 a=, b=8 a+b=9 005 A,B, B,A A=B <A, 5<A <B, 5<B, a-=, b-=5 a-=5, b-= a=5, b=7 a=7, b=5 a+b= 005 A=B +=- +=- = = =,A={,, }, B={,, } A=B =, A=[,, ], B=[,, ] A+B, = <B <A, a += a = a= a=, A={,, }, B={,, b-} =b- b= a=-, A={,, }, B={, -, b-} A+B, a=, b= a+b=5 005 <A <B, =a + =a- a= a=7 a=, A={, -}, B={, -, } A B a=-, A={, }, B={, -5, } A,B a=7, A={, -7}, B={5,, } A B A,B a A,B A B, <A <B = -= = = =, A={,, 0}, B={,, 0} A B =, A={,, }, B={,, } A,B 5 A,B 005

6 RPM 0056 <A <B =a- =a + a= a =- a=, A={0, }, B={, 0, } A,B a =- a A,B a 0057 A, B B,A B,A a 0 a+æ - a 0 a A={,, 6, 8}, B={, 5, 9}, C={,,, 8} {,, 6, 8};{, 5, 9}={} {, 5, 9}'{,,, 8}={,,, 5, 8, 9} A;B={} {};{,,, 8}={} {,, 5, 6, 8, 9};{,,, 8}={, 8} {,, 6, 8}'{}={,, 6, 8} 0059 A={,,,, 6, 8,, }, B={,,, 5, 8, 0, 0, 0} A;B={,,, 8}={ 8 } p= B={,, 5, 5} A;B, A B A'B A={,,, 5, 6} {,,, 5, 6} 006 A,, 6, 7 {,,, 6} A 006 A;B={, 5} 5<A a +=5 a= a=,a={,, 5}, B={0,, 5} A;B={, 5} a=-,a={,, 5}, B={0, 5, -7} A;B={5}+{, 5}, a A B a 0 a+ A B A;B={, } <A, <B a-=, b+= a=5, b= a+b=6 006 A;B={, } a-= a+=, b-= b+= a+= a a-= a=, b+= b b-= b=5 A={,, 5}, B={,, 6} A'B={,, 5, 6} 0065 A;B={-, } <A a +a-=, a +a-6=0 (a+)(a-)=0 a=- a= a=-,a={-, 0, }, B={, 6, 9} A;B={}+{-, } a=,a={-, 0, }, B={,, -} A;B={-, } {,, 5, 6} A;B 0% a 0% b 0% A'B 0%, a 0066 A'B=A B,A (A;B),A A;B=B;A A;Δ=Δ, A'Δ=A (A;Δ),(A'Δ) A,B A;B=A 0067 A'B=B A,B A, B A,B {, },A A,{,,, } {, },A,{,,, } 006

7 05 ~ 08 A {,,, }, {, }, {,, }, {,, }, {,,, } {, }, {,, }, {,, }, {,,, } 007 B={,, 5, 7} U A 6 B A={,,, 6}, B={,,, 8} (A;B)'X=X (A;B),X (A'B);X=X X,(A'B) (A;B),X,(A'B), {, },X,{,,,, 6, 8} X {,,,, 6, 8}, fl = =6( ) 0070 U={,,,, 5, 6, 7} A;BÇ ={, 5} 007 U={,,,, 6, 8,, } A={, 6, 8, }, B={,,,, 6, } AÇ=U-A={,,, } A-B={8, } B;AÇ =B-A={,,, } (A;B)Ç =U-(A;B)=U-{, 6} ={,,, 8,, } UÇ =Δ AÇ;A=Δ 007 A'B={,, 5, 7, 9}, AÇ={, 6, 9, } A'B 9 AÇ B-A={, 9} B-A +9= 007 U={,,, y, 9}, A-B={, 5, 7}, (A'B)Ç ={, 9} A'B={,,, 5, 6, 7, 8} B;AÇ =B-A={, 8} A;B={, 6} B B={,, 6, 8} {,, 6, 8} U U 6 U A B 5 7 A 6 B 9 A B U={,,, y, 9} A;BÇ =A-B={, 9} AÇ ;BÇ =(A'B)Ç ={, 8} A={, 5, 7, 9} {, 5, 7, 9} 0076 A-B={} AÇ ;B=B-A={} A;B={} 0077 U={,,,, 5, 6, 7} AÇ 'BÇ =(A;B)Ç ={,, 5, 7} A;BÇ=A-B={, } {} 5 B={,, 6, 7} {,, 6, 7} 0078 A-B={, } <A -=, (+)(-)=0 =- = =-, A={,, }, B={0,, } A-B={}+{, } =, A={,, }, B={,, 5} A-B={, }, 0079 A-B={5, 7} a+=7 a=5 A={, 5, 7}, B={, 6, 9} B-A={6, 9} 0080 B-A={} <B, = += =,A={,, 8}, B={,, } B-A={} +=, =,A={0,, }, B={, } U U U 9 A A 5 7 B 6 8 B A B

8 RPM B-A={, }+{}, A={,, 8}, B={,, } A'B={,,, 8} {,,, 8} <B 0% =, B-A 0% +=, B-A 0% A'B 0% U A B U-A AÇ-B U U A B A B 008 A={ --6=0}={-, } A-B={} -<B, -a-0=0 - +a-0=0 a= B={ --0=0}={-, 5} A'B={-,, 5} {-,, 5} 0088 A C-B A-(C-B) 0089 U C A B U C A B 008 A-B=A;BÇ A-B A-C 008 U-AÇ=U;(AÇ )Ç=U;A=A A-AÇ=A;(AÇ )Ç=A;A=A (A-B);(A-C) 008 (A-B)'X=X (A-B),X (A'B);X=X X,(A'B) (A-B),X,(A'B), {,, },X,{,,,, 5, 6, 7, 8} X {,,,, 5, 6, 7, 8},, =fi =( ) 0085 A'X=X A,X, {, },X yy (B-A);X={, 5};X={5} 5<X, X yy, {,, 5},X,{,,, 5} X =( ) 0086 A B;C A-(B;C)=A;(B;C)Ç =A;(BÇ 'CÇ ) 0090 A,B A'B=B, A;B=A A-B=Δ, BÇ,AÇ A;BÇ =Δ 009 A;B=A A,B, A'B=B, A;BÇ =Δ, BÇ,AÇ,, 009 A'B=A B,A A'B=A, A;B=B 009 A,BÇ A'B+U U U A B A,,, B 0087, A-B=A;BÇ

9 08 ~ 0 U U A B AÖB C A B U A B Ö = A C ÖB U A B U U A A B B, k- k k k A={,,, y, 0}, B={,, 5, 7, 9,, y} A B,, 5, 7, 9 fi =fi =( ) Ö = A-B AÖB 0098 (A-B)-C=(A;BÇ );CÇ =A;(BÇ ;CÇ ) U A B U A B Ö = U A B =A;(B'C)Ç =A-(B'C) A C ÖB C 0095 A, B A;B=Δ {, 5, 8};{, 6, 8, 9}={8} A, B A={,, 5, 7, y}, B={, 5, 7,, y} A;B=B A, B B > >, <- A;B=Δ A, B A={,, 5, 7}, B={,, 6, y} A;B={} A, B A;BÇ=A A-B=A A;B=Δ A, B, 0096 A,B A-B=Δ A;(A-B)=Δ ( ) A,B B-A,B,, B-A+Δ, B+Δ B;(B-A)+Δ ( ) A,B AÇ 'B=U ( ),, 0097 k-<k A;B=Δ B AÖB A k- k- k k+ U B A 0099 A-(B-C)=A;(B;CÇ )Ç =A;(BÇ 'C) =(A;BÇ )'(A;C) =(A-B)' 000 (AÇ 'B);BÇ =(AÇ ;BÇ )'(B;BÇ ) =(A'B)Ç 'Δ =(A'B)Ç [(AÇ 'B);BÇ ]Ç =[(A'B)Ç ]Ç =A'B 00 (A'CÇ )Ç '(B-A)=(A'CÇ )Ç '(B; AÇ ) =(AÇ ;C)'(B;AÇ ) =( AÇ ;C)'( AÇ ;B) =AÇ ;(C'B) =AÇ ; (B' C ) =(B'C);AÇ 00 (B-A);AÇ =(B;AÇ );AÇ =B;(AÇ ;AÇ ) B-A=Δ B,A = (B'C)-A =B;AÇ =B-A B,A A'B=A 00 [(A;B)'(A-B)];B =[(A;B)'(A;BÇ )];B =[A;(B'BÇ )];B =(A;U);B=A;B A;B=A A,B A,B A-B=Δ 00 [(AÇ ;BÇ )'(B-A)]'BÇ =[(AÇ ;BÇ )'(B;AÇ )]'BÇ (A;C) 009

10 RPM =[(AÇ ;BÇ )'(AÇ ;B)]'BÇ =[AÇ ;(BÇ 'B)]'BÇ =(AÇ ;U)'BÇ =AÇ 'BÇ AÇ 'BÇ =AÇ BÇ,AÇ, A,B 005 (A'B);(A;B)Ç =(A'B)-(A;B) ={,,, 7} A={,,, 5, 6} U A B A;B={, 5, 6} A;B +5+6= 006 (A'B);(AÇ 'BÇ ) =(A'B);(A;B)Ç =(A'B)-(A;B) =(A-B)'(B-A)={,, 6}, A={, } 6 AÇ ;BÇ =(A'B)Ç ={, 5} AÇ ;BÇ U={,,, y, 0} A-BÇ =A;(BÇ )Ç =A;B={, 5} (A;BÇ )'(AÇ -B)=(A;BÇ )'(AÇ ;BÇ ) =(A'AÇ );BÇ =U;BÇ =BÇ BÇ ={,, 6, 9, 0} B={,, 5, 7, 8} B-A=B-(A;B) ={, 7, 8} B-A U U A B A B % B 0% B-A 0% B-A 0% 008 (A-B)'(A-C)=(A;BÇ )'(A;CÇ ) =A;(BÇ 'CÇ ) =A;(B;C)Ç =A-(B;C)={,, 5, 7} A={,,, 5, 7, 9} <(B;C), 9<(B;C) 009 (A;B)=(A)+(B)-(A'B) (A;B)=+0-6=5 (B;C)=(B)+(C)-(B'C) (B;C)=0+7-=5 A;C=Δ A;B;C=Δ (A;C)=0, (A;B;C)=0 (A'B'C) =(A)+(B)+(C)-(A;B)-(B;C) -(C;A)+(A;B;C) = =8 00 (AÇ ;BÇ )=((A'B)Ç ) (AÇ ;BÇ )=(U)-(A'B) (AÇ ;BÇ )=0-(A'B)=8 (A'B)= (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) =(A)+(B)- (A)+(B)=6 0 A,BÇ A;B=Δ, (A;B)=0 (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) 0=6+(B)-0 (B)= 0 A,B A'B'C=B'C (B'C)=(B)+(C)-(B;C) =8+-=0 (AÇ ;BÇ ;CÇ )=((A'B'C)Ç ) =(U)-(A'B'C) =(U)-(B'C) =0-0=0 A B, U A A;B=Δ A, B, C A;B=Δ A;B;C=Δ (A;B)=0, (A;B;C)=0 U B A 9 C C B 00

11 0 ~ 0 (CÇ )=(U)-(C) =-(C) (C)=0 (A'C)=(A)+(C)-(A;C) =+0-(A;C) (A;C)= (B'C)=(B)+(C)-(B;C) =7+0-(B;C) (B;C)= (A'B'C)=(A)+(B)+(C) -(A;B)-(B;C)-(C;A) +(A;B;C) = = A, B (A)=6, (B)=9, (A;B)=9 (A'B) (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) =6+9-9 =6 0 A, B (A)=50, (B)=, (A'B)=0 (A;B) (A;B)=(A)+(B)-(A'B) =50+-0 = 05 A A, B B (A)=, (B)=8, (A'B)=0 (A;B) (A;B)=(A)+(B)-(A'B) =+8-0 = A, B A, B 0% (A), (B), (A'B) 0% 50% A, 5 B A;B 5 (A)=6, (B)=0, (A;B)= 5 (A'B) (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) =6+0- = 07 (A-B)=(A)-(A;B) 5=8-(A;B) (A;B)= (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) =8+0- =5 (A'B)Ç ((A'B)Ç )=(U)-(A'B)=0-5=5 08 (A;BÇ )=(A-B)=(A'B)-(B) =5-7= (AÇ;BÇ )=((A'B)Ç ) (AÇ;BÇ )=7 (A)=(U)-(B-A)-((A'B)Ç ) =-6-7 = (U-B)=(U)-(B) =6-(B) (B)= (A-B)=(A)-(A;B) 0=7-(A;B) (A;B)=7 B-A (B-A)=(B)-(A;B) =-7 = U, A, MP B (U)=0, (A)=5, (B)=0, (AÇ ;BÇ )= (AÇ ;BÇ )=((A'B)Ç )=(U)-(A'B) (A'B)=0-=6 (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) 6=5+0-(A;B) (A;B)=9 MP B-A (B-A)=(B)-(A;B) =0-9= U A B 6 7 0

12 RPM 0 A, B (A)=, (B)=0, (A'B)=5 (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) 5=+0-(A;B) (A;B)=8 A-B (A-B)=(A)-(A;B)=-8= U, A, B (U)=50, (A)=7, (B)=, (A;B)=9 (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) =7+-9 = AÇ ;BÇ (AÇ ;BÇ )=((A'B)Ç )=(U)-(A'B) =50- =8 8 0 (A'B'C) =(A)+(B)+(C)-(A;B)-(B;C) -(C;A)+(A;B;C) = =8,, AÇ ;BÇ ;CÇ U (AÇ ;BÇ ;CÇ )=(U)-(A'B'C) =55-8 =7 U A B C (A;B)-(A;B;C) =8-= U, A, B (U)=0, (A)=6, (B)=8 (A;B) (A), (A;B) (B) (A;B) 8 (A'B) (U) (A)+(B)-(A;B) (U) 6+8-(A;B) 0 (A;B), (A;B) 8 M=8, m= M-m= 06 (B-A)=(B)-(A;B) (B-A) (A;B) (A;B) (A), (A;B) (B) (A;B) 5 (A;B) 5 (B-A) 0-5= U, A, B A, B (U)=50, (A)=5, (B)=0 (A'B) (U) (A)+(B)-(A;B) (U) 5+0-(A;B) 50 (A;B)æ (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) (A'B) (A;B) (A;B)æ (A;B)= (A'B)=5+8-=50 (A'B) (A;B) (A;B) (A), (A;B) (B) (A;B) 8 (A;B)=8 (A'B)=5+8-8=5, 50+5= A={ -+ 0} ={ (-)(-) 0} ={ } A;B=Δ, A'B={ <5} B={ <<5} ={ (-)(-5)<0} ={ -8+5<0} a=-8, b=5 a+b= A={ - <a} ={ -a<-<a} ={ -a+<<a+} B={ --5<0} ={ (+)(-5)<0} ={ -<<5} A;B=A, A,B A B 5 0

13 0 ~ 05 -a+æ-, a+ 5 a a 0 A-B=A;BÇ BÇ ={ (+a)(-)>0} A={ -5+<0} ={ (-)(-)<0} ={ <<} A;BÇ ={ <<} -a aæ- 0 A={ -+æ0}={ (-) æ0} ={ } B={ ->0}={ (-)>0} ={ <0 >} B'C=A, B;C={ - <0} B C={ - } C ={ (+)(-) 0} ={ -- 0} - 0 a=-, b=- ab=6 0 (A 'A );(A 'A ) =(A 'A );(A 'A ) =A '(A ;A ) =A 'A =A - -a+ a+ aæ- 0 (N 'N ),N N,N, N,N k 8, k 8 k a 8 a=, (N ;N ).N k b b= a+b=+= A '(A ;A )=A 'A º A 00, A º 00 0 (A 'A º)=(A )+(A º)-(A ;A º) =(A )+(A º)-(A º) =+5- =7 7 BÇ B A A BÇ -a 5 B 06 A B=(A'B)-(A;B) =(B'A)-(B;A)=B A A Δ=(A'Δ)-(A;Δ)=A-Δ=A A AÇ =(A'AÇ )-(A;AÇ )=U-Δ=U A U=(A'U)-(A;U)=U-A=AÇ A A=(A'A)-(A;A)=A-A=Δ æ, 6-æ 5 S,,,, 5 5<S 6-5=<S S {} S {, 5}, {, } S {,, 5}, {,, } S {,,,, 5} S <S, 5<S +5=8<S <S +(+)=9<S 5<S 5+5=0<S <S, 5<S (+)+5=<S 09 A aæ, 8-aæ a 7 a= 7<A, a= 6<A a= 5<A, a= <A a=5 <A, a=6 <A a=7 <A A 7, 6, 5, A -=5( ) 5 A,,,, 5, 6, 7 A {} A {, 7}, {, 6}, {, 5} A {,, 7}, {,, 6}, {,, 5} A {,, 6, 7}, {,, 5, 7}, {,, 5, 6} 0

14 RPM fi A 5 {,,, 6, 7}, {,,, 5, 7}, {,,, 5, 6} fl A 6 {,,, 5, 6, 7} A 7 {,,,, 5, 6, 7} A A, <A 6,,, 8, 6,, 6 B={,,, 8, 6,, 6}, C={8} B-C={,,, 6,, 6} {,,, 6,, 6} 0% B, C 0% B-C 0% 0 A={Δ, a,b,{c}} Δ, a, b, {c} {Δ, b},a 0 ({,, })-({, })=-= ({})+({})=+= ({, y})=({8, 9})= (A)=(B) A+B ( A={,, }, B={,, 5}) (Δ)+({})+({0, Δ})=0++= 0 (AÇ 'B)Ç=(AÇ )Ç ;BÇ =A-B (A-B)'(A;B)=(A;BÇ )'(A;B) (A-B)'(A;B)=A;(BÇ 'B)=A;U=A (A-B);C=(A;BÇ );C (A-B)'C=(A;C);BÇ (A-B)'C=(A;C)-B A-(B;C)=A;(B;C)Ç (A-B)'C=A;(BÇ 'CÇ ) (A-B)'C=(A;BÇ )'(A;CÇ ) (A-B)'C=(A-B)'(A-C) A-(B-C)=A;(B;CÇ )Ç (A-B)'C=A;(BÇ 'C) (A-B)'C=(A;BÇ )'(A;C) (A-B)'C=(A-B )'(A;C), 0 A=[;!;, ;@;, ;#;, ;$;, y, : º:] B=[;!;, ;@;, ;#;, ;$;, y, : º:] A;B={,,, y, 6} (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) = = {a, b} a, b A = =( ) 06 A B, C A-(B'C) 07 A-(A;B)=Δ A,(A;B), (A;B),B A,B 08 A={,,,, 5, 6} A-B={,,, 5} <B, 6<B B={a,, 6} B 7 a++6=7 a=7, B-A={7} B-A =( ) 09 B,A A={ - }, B={ a a+} - a, a+ - a - B - a a+ 050 A, {,, 5}, -=7( ) {,, };X+Δ X {,, } S,, fi -fi =-=8( ) 7 8 A 0

15 05 ~ AÇ,BÇ A, B B,A, A;B=B, A'B=A, A'BÇ =U A-B+Δ 05 {, 6, 0};X={} X 6, 0 X 6, 0 A X fi = =( ) 05 <A <B a -= a= a=- a= A={,, 7}, B={,, } A+B a=- A={,, }, B={,, } A=B a B={ 0 }={,, 5, 7, 9} (X;B)= X, 5, 7 A X, 5 7 fl =8( ), 7 5 fl =8( ) 5, 7 fl =8( ),, X 8_=( ) 055 A;B=Δ A-B=A, B-A=B A;(A-B)=A;A=A+Δ A A-B A;(B-A)=A;B=Δ A B-A (A-B);(B-A)=A;B=Δ A-B B-A (A;B)'(A-B)=Δ'A=A [(A;B)'(A-B)];B=A;B=Δ (A;B)'(A-B) B,, U A A B B 056 B,A A'BÇ= U, B-A=Δ [(A'BÇ )'(B-A)];A=(U'Δ);A =U;A =A U, 00 A, 5 B A;B 5 (U)=00, (A)=, (B)=0, (A;B)=6 (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) (A'B)=+0-6=7 5 (AÇ;BÇ )=((A'B)Ç )=(U)-(A'B) (AÇ;BÇ )=00-7=5 058 X,, 6, 9,, 5, 7, 8, {,, 5, 7, 8} fi - =-=8 ( ) 059 (AÇ ;B)=(B-A)= (A'B)=(A)+(B-A) (A'B)=5+=8 (A;B) =(A'B)-((A-B)'(B-A)) (A-B)'(B-A) =8-0 =8 060 U, A A, B B (U)=00, (A)=68, (B)=, (A;B)=6 A B A A-B (A-B)=(A)-(A;B)=68-6= B B-A (B-A)=(B)-(A;B)=-6=6 (A-B)+(B-A)=+6=58 06 A B=(A-B)'(B-A) A B=(B-A)'(A-B) A B=B A ( ) U A B 58 05

16 RPM (A B) C A (B C) (A B) C=A (B C) ( ) AÇ BÇ =(AÇ -BÇ )'(BÇ -AÇ ) AÇ BÇ =(AÇ ;B)'(BÇ ;A) AÇ BÇ =(B-A)'(A-B) AÇ BÇ =(A-B)'(B-A) AÇ BÇ =A B ( ), 06 Aμ,(A ;A ) Aμ,A Aμ,A m, 6 m 6 m 6 (A 'A ),A«A,A«A,A«, (m )_( )=_6= U, A A, B B (U)=50, (A)=7, (B)=, (A;B)æ5 A B A'B (A'B) (A'B)=(A)+(B)-(A;B) U U (A'B) (A;B) (A;B)æ5 (A;B) 5 (A'B)=7+-5= (A'B) (A;B) (A;B) (A), (A;B) (B) B B A A (A;B) 7 (A;B) 7 (A'B)=7+-7=, +=76 C C (U)=0, (A)=8, (B)= (A;B) A'B=U (A;B)=(A)+(B)-(A'B) =8+-0 =0, (A;B),B (A;B) (A;B) 0 M=, m=0 M+m=+0= 065 A;B={0, } 0<A, 0<B, a +a=0 a(a+)=0 a=0 a=- a=0, A={0,, }, B={-,, } A;B={, } a=-, A={0,, }, B={-, 0, } A;B={0, }, a=- - 0<A a 0% a 60% 066 A;X=X X,A (A-B)'X=X (A-B),X (A-B),X,A A-B={,,,, 5, 6}-{,, 5}={,, 6} X A,, 6 fl = =8( ) A;X=X X,A 0% (A-B)'X=X (A-B),X 0% A-B 0% X 0% U, A A, B B 067 N-(AÇ ;B)Ç =N-(B-A)Ç =N;(B-A) N-(AÇ ;B)Ç =B-A={6, 7} 06

17 08 ~ 09 A-B=A-(A;B) ={,,,, 5}-{,, 5} ={, } A B=(A-B)'(B-A) ={, }'{6, 7} ={,, 6, 7} ++6+7=8 8 N-(AÇ ;B)Ç 0% A-B 0% A B 0% 0% 068 U, N A, M B (U)=0, (A)=5, (B)=5, (AÇ ;BÇ )= (A'B)=(U)-((A'B)Ç ) =(U)-(AÇ ;BÇ ) =0- =8 N A-B (A-B)=(A'B)-(B) =8-5 = 0% (A'B) 0% N 0% 069,, A, B, C AÇ ;BÇ ;CÇ (A'B'C) =(A)+(B)+(C)-(A;B)-(B;C) -(C;A)+(A;B;C) = = (AÇ ;BÇ ;CÇ )=((A'B'C)Ç ) =(U)-(A'B'C) =5-= 070 A={ -->0} A={ (-)(+)>0} A={ <- >} A'B={ }, A;B={ < } B={ - } ={ (+)(-) 0} ={ -- 0} a=-, b=- a+b=-7 07 a b 5=a a= 8 c 8=b b= 0=c c=5 a+b+c= 07 A A,,,, 6, <A =<A <A =6<A <A =<A <A =<A 6<A =<A 6 <A =<A A, 6, A+Δ -=7 A {, }, {, 6}, {, } A {,, 6, }, {,,, }, {,,, 6} A 6 {,,,, 6, } A 7 A - B A 07

18 RPM P,Q p q p q ~q ~p 07 =,,,, 07 ' ( ) ( ),( ) ( ),, 0, y 8 ( ) æ0 +>0 ( ) 088 = =9 ( ) =- z=yz =y ( ) =, y=, z=0 <0 y>0 y<0 ( ) =, y=- = = -+= y+0 yy 076 a b yy 077 ( ) yy 089 a + b =0 HjK a=0 b=0 a+b=0 HjK a=-b a +b =0 HjK a=0 b=0 ab=0 HjK a=0 b=0,, 078 ( ) yy 079 ( ) a=', b=- 080 ( ) =, y= p q P,Q 08 y=0 =y=0 ( ) y+0 +0 y+0 ( ) 08 a+b>0 a>0 b>0 ( ) a+b 0 a 0 b 0 ( ) 085 a, b, c a +b =c ( ) a, b, c a +b +c ( ) 086 p ~q~q p ~p q b+-(a+) = 5 a+ b+ (a+)(b+) b-a - = (a+)(b+) a>b>0 b-a<0 - <0 < yy a+ b+ a+ b+ a b a(b+)-b(a+) 09 - = a+ b+ (a+)(b+) a-b - = (a+)(b+) a>b>0 a-b>0 a b a b - >0 > yy a+ b+ a+ b+ 09 (' a+b) -('a+'b) =(a+b)-(a+b+'a'b) =-' ab<0 ( ' ab>0) (' a+b) <('a+'b) ' a+b>0, 'a+'b>0 ' a+b<'a+'b yy ={ } ={;!0)0@0$;} > >0 yy 08

19 0 ~ 0 0fi ={ }5={;!5);}5< 0fi <5 yy 095 +k+>0 +k+=0 D D=k - <0, (k-)(k+)<0 -<k< yy 096 -(k+)+k æ0 -(k+)+k =0 D D=(k+) -k 0 -k +k+ 0, k -k-æ0 (k-)(k+)æ0 k -;!; kæ yy 000 >0, ;[!;>0 ( )æ( ) +;[!;ææ ;[!;= (, = ) 00 >0, ;[$;>0 ( )æ( ) +;[$;ææ ;[$;= = (, = ) 00 >0, ;[(;>0 ( )æ( ) +;[(;ææ ;[(;= 6= {, =;#; } 097 k +(k+)+k+<0 k<0 k +(k+)+k+=0 D D=(k+) -k(k+)<0 -k +<0, k >;$; ' ' k<-5 k> 5 ' ', k<-5 k<-5 b 098 a +b -ab={a -ab+ }+;#;b a +b -ab={a-;b;} +;#;b a, b {a-;b;} æ0, ;#;b æ0 a +b -abæ0 a +b æab (, a=b=0 ) y 099 a +b +c -ab-bc-ca =;!;(a +b +c -ab-bc-ca) =;!;{(a -ab+b )+(b -bc+c )+(c -ca+a )} =;!;{(a-b) +(b-c) +(c-a) } a, b, c (a-b) æ0, (b-c) æ0, (c-a) æ0 a +b +c -ab-bc-caæ0 a +b +c æab+bc+ca (, a=b=c ) y a 00 (a+b){;a!;+;b$;}=+ +;ab;+ b a =5+ +;ab; b a >0, ;ab;>0 ( )æ( ) b a a 5+ +;ab;æ5+æ ;ab;=5+ =9 b b a {, =;ab; } b {a+;b@;}{b+;a!;}=ab+++ ab {a+;b$;}{b+;a!;}=5+ab+ ab ab>0, >0 ( )æ( ) ab 5+ab+ æ5+æ ab =5+ =9 ab ab {, ab= } ab a>0, b>0 ( )æ( ) a+bæ' ab (, a=b ) a+b=6 6æ' ab, 8æ' ab ab 6 ab a>0, b>0 ( )æ( ) a+bæ' ab=' 6= =8 (, a=b ) a+b

20 RPM 007 a>0, b>0 ( )æ( ) a+bæ' a b=' ab=' ='6 (, a=b ) a+b '6 '6 008 a, b,, y (a +b )( +y )æ(a+by), 9æ(a+by) -6 a+by 6 {, ;a{;=;b}; } -6 a+by 6 009, y ( + )( +y )æ(+y) +y = æ(+y) - +y {, ;{;=;}; } - +y 00 >, >, >- 0 0 (a-b) +(b-c) +(c-a) =0 (a-b) +(b-c) +(c-a) +0 a+b b+c c+a, a,b,c 0 - < - < >- æ > - -< > -< > 05 p, q P, Q - < -<-< -<<5 P={0,,,, } -+0 (-) Q={,,, 5} p q PÇ ;Q PÇ ;Q={5};{,,, 5}={5} {5} 06 P={ æ}, Q={ <-} - < { - <} PÇ ;QÇ =(P'Q)Ç 07 f()g()>0 f(), g(), f()g()>0 f()>0 g()>0 f()<0 g()<0 (A;B)'(C;D) 08 ( ) =- = ( ) ( ) =, y=- +y=>0 y=-<0 ( ) Q - - > <- > > ( ) ( ) =- = ( ) ( ),, ( ) 09 ( ) =9 6 ( ) = = ( ) -<< < ( ) 8 A={,,, 8} 6 B={,,, 8, 6} A,B ( ) ( ) P 0 p, q P, Q - P={-, -, 0,, } -9=0 ( -9)=0 (+)(-)=0 =0 =- = Q={-, 0, } p q PÇ ;QÇ PÇ ;QÇ ={-, };{-, -,, }=Δ 00 ( ) a=, b=, c=0 ac=bc=0 a+b ( ) a= a = = ( ) ( ) a=-, b=- (a-)(b-)=(-)(-)=9>0 a<, b< ( ) 00

21 0 ~ 06 0 ( ) a=, b=- a =b a+b ( ) æ0 ( ) ( ) ( ) a, b a +b =0 a=0, b=0 a + b =0 ( ) 0 ~q p QÇ,P QÇ,P P'Q=U 0 p, q P, Q P={, 6, 9}, Q={,,, 6, 9} P,Q p q 0 Q R q r (P;Q),P (p q) p (P'Q) R (p q) r 05 P;Q=Δ P,QÇ p ~q 06 p, q P, Q P={ - a}, Q=[ -;A; <0] p q P,Q -;A; -, a<0 a -;;, aæ6, a<0 6 a<0 a 6, 7, 8, { a- <a+},{ -<<} -<a-, a+ - a- a+ a>, a <a - Q P P QÇ 08 p, q P, Q P={ a }, Q={ æ-} U a 0 p q P,Q P, Q - a - a 09 p - æh ~p - <h -h<-<h -h+<<h+ q + <5-5<+<5-7<< p, q P, Q PÇ ={ -h+<<h+} Q={ -7<<} ~p q Q PÇ PÇ,Q -7 -h+ h+ -7 -h+, h+ h 8, h 0<h ( h>0) h 0% 0% h 0% h 0% 00 q p Q P, Q-P=Q;PÇ ={d, f, g} 0 y, y y, y ='+, y='-, y= y, y 0 ~p q PÇ Q PÇ-Q=PÇ;QÇ 0 (p q) r P'Q R a Q P 0

22 RPM 0 +<9 = -=9-=8>7 =5 +=5+8=8 +< 05 > <0-0+5=(-5) <0 æ æ0 +æ0 ( ) =, +6>0 ( ) -+={- } + >0 -+>0 ( ) = =0 = = ( ) ( ) 08 y=0 =0 ( ) ( ) =, y=0 æ æ ( ) ( ) =- +y y ( ) ( ) =-5, y= a+0 b+0 a +b >0 ( ) +y y ( ) ( ) =, y= 09 a, b a b ab ( ) a b ab ( ), 00 +y =0 =0 y=0 ( ) 0, y, +y< < y<, y 0 ~p q q ~p p ~q 0 > >9 q ~p p ~q 0 = -a+6=0 = -a+6=0 -a+6=0 a=5 -k =0 -k+6=0 = -k+6=0 -k+6=0 k= p :<a, q:-<< P, Q ~p ~q q p Q,P aæ a - < -a <5 p, q p : - <, q: -a <5 P, Q - < -<-< -<<5 P={ -<<5} -a <5-5<-a<5-5+a<<5+a Q={ -5+a<<5+a} p q P,Q -5+a -, 5 5+a 0 a -5+a a a 0,,,, p q q ~r p ~r ~q ~p p q r ~q q ~r ~p r r ~p p ~r Q P P - a Q 0

23 07 ~ r p ~r ~q ~p ~r q r, q r, r p q p ~p ~q,, 08 ~r q ~q r p ~q ~q r p r 09 p ~q, r s r ~q s p ~p ~s 050 a, b, c a, b, c a, b, c, a, b, c a +b +c a, b, c a, b, c a +b ( )+( ),c a +b +c 05 = k- =k- (k ) = k-, =(k-) =9k -k+=( k -k+ )+ =k-, =(k-) =9k -6k+=( k -k )+, k- k -k+ k -k 05 =k+ (k ) =(k+) =k +k+=(k +k)+, 05 = k (k ) =(k) =k =, k (k ) 05 +' +' - (+')+(-)=' ' +' 055 a 0 b 0 a+b 0 a+b>0 a, b a+b>0 a, b 056 a, b a+0 b+0 a +b +0 a+0 b+0 a >0 b >0 a +b >0 a +b +0 a, b a+0 b+0 a >0 b >0 a +b >0 a +b =0 a, b a +b =0 a=0 b=0 057 a(a-b)=0 a=b ( ) a=0, b= p q a>0, b>0 (k ) ab>0 ( ) a=-, b=- p q 058 = = ( ) =- 0

24 RPM 6 a=b ac=bc ( ) a=, b=, c=0 =, y= y=6 ( ) =-, y=- < 06 a = a= ( ) = ( ) a=- ( ) = a, b, c a>b>c a>b HjK a-b>0, b>c HjK b-c>0, a>c HjK c-a<0 (a-b)(b-c)(c-a)<0 a>b>c (a-b)(b-c)(c-a)<0 ( ) a=, b=, c= A-B=A A;B=Δ A B 059 y=0 HjK =0 y=0 + y =0 HjK =0, y=0 ;[};=0 HjK +0, y=0 +y =0 HjK =0, y=0 =y=0, 060 p q p q, q p p q p q( ) a=, b= p p q( ) a=, b=- q( ) a=-, p q( ) a=0 06 A'C=B'C A=B ( )A={0}, B={}, C={0, } -y+y =0 (-y) =0 -y+y =0 =y=0 ( ) =, y= 06 p q( ) a=, b=0 p q p q( ) a=, b=, c= p q p q( ) a=, b=, c=- p q p q, 06 p q ( ) =', y=-' y =y HjK (æ0 yæ0) ( 0 y 0) p q +y = + y HjK +y =( + y ) HjK (+y) = +y + y HjK +y+y = +y + y HjK y= y HjK y= y HjK yæ0 p q ( ) =0, y= p q ( ) =, y=- y -y+y ={- } +;#;y =0, =;};, y=0 =0, y=0 p q 065 >a -<< > a - yy >b -<< > bæ yy, a -, b -+= 066 p q Q,P a - - b Q P a - Q 0

25 00 ~ 0 a - a <0 (-)(-)<0 << -<-a< a-<<a+ << a-<<a+ a-, a+ a a- a+ a,, -6+8<0 0% -<-a< 0% a 50% a 0% 07 p p q, q r,r q ( ) U B A q r 07 r p q R,(P'Q) (P'Q);R=R ( ) (P'Q);RÇ =(P'Q)-R+R ( ) (PÇ 'QÇ );R=(P;Q)Ç ;R (PÇ 'QÇ );R=R-(P;Q)+R ( ) (PÇ 'QÇ );RÇ =(P;Q)Ç ;RÇ (PÇ 'QÇ );RÇ ={(P;Q)'R}Ç +Δ ( ) U U P R A=B Q a-+0 +a = +a-=0, +a-=0 a= 069 p q q jjk p Q,P P;Q=Q P'Q=P P;QÇ +Δ PÇ -Q=PÇ 070 p q P,Q P;QÇ =Δ 07 p q P,Q yy ~r q Q,RÇ yy, P,Q,RÇ P;R=Δ U Q P 07 p ~p ~q P,(PÇ 'QÇ ) HjK P,QÇ ( P;PÇ =Δ) HjK Q,PÇ R 075 p ~q q ~p P,QÇ, Q,PÇ, ~r q ~q r RÇ,Q, QÇ,R P,QÇ,R, RÇ,Q,PÇ 076 p q q p ( ) ~r ~q q r r q ( ) p q, q r p r p r ( ), 077 q p q Hjj p yy q r q jjk r yy r p r jjk p, p jjk q, q jjk r p jjk r, r jjk p, p jjk r r HjK p U R QÇ P yy yy 05

26 RPM 078 p q p jjk q yy ~q jjk ~p ~q r q jjk ~r yy, p jjk ~r r jjk ~p,,,, 079 p q p jjk q yy p jjk q Hjj r s jjk r yy s q jjk s yy r jjk q yy q jjk s, s jjk q q s p jjk q jjk s s p 080,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 08 p q r, p jjk q, ~p jjk ~r ~p jjk ~r r jjk p r jjk p, p jjk q r jjk q jjk jjk D, C A, B, C, D, a b a(+b)-b(+a) 08 - = +a +b (+a)(+b) (a-b) - = (+a)(+b) a>b>0 a-b>0, +a>0, +b>0 A-B>0 A>B 08 A-B=( -y )-( -y-6y ) = +y+5y =( +y+y )+y =( +y ) +y ( +y ) æ0, y æ0 A B C D A Y Y Z Z B Z Y Z Z C Y Y Y Z D Y Z Z Y A-B æ 0 A æ B +y=0, y=0, =y=0 085 a<b<c<d A-B=(ad+bc)-(ac+bd)=a(d-c)+b(c-d) =a(d-c)-b(d-c)=(d-c)(a-b)<0 A<B yy B-C=(ac+bd)-(ab+cd)=a(c-b)+d(b-c) =a(c-b)-d(c-b)=(c-b)(a-d)<0 B<C yy, A<B<C A<B<C A, B 0% B, C 0% A, B, C 0% 08 B D C B, D D C 086 (" (a+b)) -('a+'b) =(a+b)-(a+b+' ab) =a-' ab+b =('a) -'a'b+('b) 06

27 0 ~ 05 =( 'a-'b ) æ0 (" (a+b)) æ('a+'b) " (a+b)>0, 'a+'b>0 " (a+b)æ'a+'b a=b 087 A='+'6, B=+'5, C=+' A =('+'6) =9+' 8=9+' 7 B =(+'5) =9+'5=9+' 80 C =(+') =9+'=9+' ' 80>' 7>' B >A >C A>0, B>0, C>0 B>A>C B>A>C = ={;8^;} 0 < 6 < ( ) ( ) = ={;9*;} 0 < < ( ), 6 < < 089 ={ } 0 > > 6> 0<< >0, y>0 5+yæ'ƒ5 y 5+y=0 0æ'ƒ5y (, 5=y ) (' 5+' y) =5+y+'ƒ5y =0+'ƒ5y 0+0=0, (' 5+' y) 0 0<' 5+' y ' 0='5 ' 5+' y '5 09, y +8y æ" 8y =8y +8y =56 56æ8y y 7 (, =y ) y 7 09 a>0, b>0 a+bæ" a b=' 8ab ab= a+bæ' =8' a+b 8' 09 a+0, b+0 a >0, b >0 a +b æ"ça b = ab a +b = æ ab ab 6 (, a = b ) -6 ab 6 ab >- +>0 + = ææ (+) -= -= + += + (+) =, += ( +>0) = + = + m=, = m+= 095 > ->0 ++ = ææ (-) +5=7 - {, -=, = } a> a->0 9a-+ =9(a-)+ +8 a- a- 9a-+ ææ 9(a-) +8 a- 9a-+ = +8= {, 9(a-)=, a=;$; } a- 9a-+ æ 9a-+ æk a- a- k k 07

28 RPM 097 > ->0 -+ (-)+ = = = ææ (-) + - = +=7 {, -=, =5 } {+;]$;}{y+;[!;}=y++6+;[ ]; 5 æ7+æ y ;[ ]; =7+8=5 {, y=;[ ];, y= } ad bc 099 {;ba;+;dc;}{;ab;+;cd;}=+ + + bc ad ad bc =+ + bc ad ad bc æ+æ = bc ad ad bc {, =, ad=bc } bc ad 000 {a+(b+c)}{;a!;+ } b+c a b+c =+ + + b+c a a b+c =5+ + b+c a a b+c æ5+æ b+c a =5+ =9 a b+c {, =, a=b+c } b+c a 9 b+c c+a a+b a b c =;ab;+;ac;+;bc;+;ba;+;ca;+;cb; ={;ab;+;ba;}+{;bc;+;cb;}+{;ca;+;ac;} ææ ;ab; ;ba;+æ ;bc; ;cb;+æ ;ca; ;ac; =++=6 (, a=b=c ) 6 6 0% 0% 0% 0% 00 (k+) +(k+)+>0 k=-,0 +0 +>0 k+-, k+>0 k>- yy (k+) +(k+)+=0 D D =(k+) -(k+)<0 k -k-<0, (k+)(k-)<0 -<k< yy, -<k<, - k< 00 (a+) ++a 0 a+<0, D 0 a+<0 a<- yy (a+) ++a=0 D D = -a(a+) 0 a +a-æ0, (a-)(a+)æ0 a - aæ yy, a - 00 a( ++)æ- a +(a+)+aæ0 a>0 a +(a+)+a=0 D D =(a+) -a 0 a -a-æ0 a -a-=0 a= ' 08

29 05 ~ 07 {a-(+')}{a-(-')}æ0 aæ+' ( a>0) a 005 +(y+a)+y -y+bæ0 +(y+a)+y -y+b=0 D D=(y+a) -(y -y+b) 0 (a+)y+a -b 0 yy y a+=0, a -b 0 a=- (-) -b 0, 6-b 0 bæ a=-, bæ 006 a m, b m a>0, b>0 0 m a+b=0 a+bæ'ƒa b, 0æ'ƒ8ab 0æ'ƒ8ab (, a=b ) 00æ8ab ab 50 S S=ab m 007 m, y m >0, y>0, y=60 (5+y) m 5+yæ'ƒ5 y='ƒ5y='ƒ5 60=60 60 m a b ( + ){ +(y) }æ(+y) +y = 0æ(+y) -'5 +y '5 (, =y ) +y '5 00, y, z { +(-) + }( +y +z )æ(-y+z) +y +z = æ(-y+z) - -y+z {, =-;};=;Z; } -y+z - - 0, y ( + )( +y )æ(+y) +y =a (+y) a -' a +y ' a ' a, -' a ' a=, a= a=: : 0, y [ +{-;!;} ]{() +(y) }æ(-y) -y= ;%;(9 +y )æ 9 +y æ: 5 : y {, =, =-y } -;!; 9 +y : 5 : 008, cm, y cm +y cm +y+ 5=00 +y=0 yy >0, y>0 +yæ' y, 0æ' y () 0æ' y y 00 ( )=5y cm 000 cm 009, y 0, a, b a +b =0 ;A;, b ;A; 8+b=a+b ( + )(a +b )æ(a+b) 0 0æ(a+b) -0 a+b 0 a>0, b>0 0<a+b

30 RPM 0,, y, z '6 " +y +z ='6 +y +z = (+y+z),,y,z ( + + )( +y +z )æ(+y+z) æ(+y+z) -6' +y+z 6' -' (+y+z) ' (, =y=z ) >0, y>0, z>0 0<(+y+z) ' ' 05 ABC AC =" + =5 ABC= PAB+ PBC+ PCA ;!; =;!; m+;!; +;!; 5 m+5=8 ( +5 )(m + )æ(m+5) (m + )æ8 '6 y z 6, ( ) =, y=, z=0 ( ) ( ) (+) 8,, +, + (+)(+) 6 (+)(+) 8 6 ( ) ( ) =, y=;!; ( ) ( ) ( ) 00 p <5 ~p < æ5 ~p q ~p q 5 6 {5, 6} 0 =+', y=-', +y=, y=- +y, y, y 0 +a a =0 +a+=0 = +a+=0 a=- - m + æ;^$;=;#7@; ;#7@; 06 p ~q P,QÇ P,QÇ U P Q 0 (A'B)-A=(A'B);AÇ (A'B)-A=(A;AÇ )'(B;AÇ ) (A'B)-A=B;AÇ (A'B)-A=B-A=B, B-A=B A;B=Δ 0 ~q jjk ~r r jjk q p jjk r, r jjk q, q jjk ~s p jjk ~s s jjk ~p 07 Q,P q p, ~p ~q 08 - < HjK - (< ) >- (æ >) -< > 09 ( ), 05 a>0, b>0 {a+; b;}{;a!;+6b}=+ab+;a!b;+ {a+; b;}{;a!;+6b}æ+æ ab ;a!b; =+ = <k -k<-<k -k+<<k+ {, ab=;a!b; } 00

31 07 ~ <7-7+0<0, (-)(-5)<0 <<5 P={ -k+<<k+}, Q={ <<5} P,Q -k+æ, k+ 5 k k 0<k 07 q a +b =0 HjK a=0 b=0 ABC m,,, 08 p q q p ( ) ~r ~q q r r q ( ) p q, q r p r p r ( ), 09 p q p (A'B);AÇ =(A;AÇ )'(B;AÇ ) p (A'B);AÇ =Δ'(B;AÇ ) =B;AÇ =B-A, B-A=B HjK A;B=Δ p +y 0 HjK =0, y =0 p +y 0 HjK =0, y=0 q +y+y =0 HjK (+y) +y =0 q +y+y =0 HjK +y=0, y=0 q +y+y =0 HjK =0, y=0 p, q P, Q P={ -<<0 0<<} Q={ -<<} m m+ Q P -k+ k+ 5 P,Q p q p y+>+y, +y> y--y+>0, (-)(y-)>0, ->0, y->0 -<0, y-<0 +y> ->0, y->0 >, y>, y+>+y> HjK > y> p q 00 (a-b-c){;a!;- 5 }={a-(b+c)}{;a!;- 5 } b+c b+c a b+c =-{ } b+c a a b+c -æ 5 5 =0 b+c a a b+c {, 5 = 5 } b+c a (-) = 5 = > -> ææ (-) = 7= {, -= 5, =8 } y æ" 8y =8y +8y =5 5æ8y y ;8%; =8y, =y ( >0, y>0) =y y=;8%; '5 '5 y =;8%;, y =; 6; =, y= '5 '5 ab+c= +;8%;=;%; 0 ( a - b ) - a-b = a - a b + b -(a-b) =a - ab +b -a +ab-b =(ab- ab ) ab ab ab- ab 0 ( a - b ) a-b a æ b, 0

32 RPM a - b æ0, a-b æ0 a - b a-b a < b, a - b <0, a-b >0 a - b < a-b, a - b a-b ab =ab, abæ0 a, b, c a+bæ"aωb, b+cæ"bωc, c+aæ"aωc (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)æ"aωb "bωc "aωc (a+b)(b+c)(c+a)æ8abc (, a=b=c ) a +b +c -abc =(a+b+c)(a +b +c -ab-bc-ca) = (a+b+c)(a +b +c -ab-bc-ca) = (a+b+c){(a -ab+b )+(b -bc+c ) +(c -ca+a )} = (a+b+c){(a-b) +(b-c) +(c-a) }æ0 a +b +c æabc (, a=b=c ) (" a-b) -("a-"b) =("aωb-b) =("aωb-"ωb )>0 (" a-b ) >("a-"b) " a-b >"a-"b a+b a+b-"aωb -"aωb= ("a) -"a"b+("b) = ("a-"b) = æ0 a+b æ"aωb 0 P'Q=P Q,P P;RÇ =P P,RÇ R,PÇ r ~p PÇ Q ~p q R,QÇ r ~q, 05 q a, b, c 0 p q p Hjj q abc+0 q a+b+c+0 q ( ) a=0, b=0, c=- U P Q R ( ) a=-, b=-, c= a +b +c +0 q ( ) a=0, b=0, c=- 06 a-d<0 a<d yy a=b+c-d (b+c-d)-c>d-b, b-d>d-b b>d b>d yy, b=a+d-c a-c>d-(a+d-c), a>c a>c yy,, c<a<d<b 07, y +y, y b d =, y= (, a, b, c, d, a+0, c+0) a c b d bc+ad +y= + = a c ac bc+ad ac +y, y +y 08 A,U A A=U, (A;P)'(AÇ;Q)=(U;P)'(Δ;Q)=P'Δ=P (A;P)'Q=(U;P)'Q=P'Q P=P'Q Q,P q jjk p 09 q p q p, p jjk q r p r jjk p r jjk p jjk q, R,P,Q P Q a - 5 b R P 0

33 050 ~ 05 a -, bæ5 a -, b 5 -+5= 0% a, b 0% a b 0% 00 a +a-+a<0 a=0, -<0 a=0 a+0, a<0, D<0 a +a-+a=0 D D=a -a(-+a)<0 -a +a<0, a(a-)>0 a<0 a>;$; a<0 a<0, a 0 a 0 a=0, 0% a+0, 50% a 0% 0 0 m, m m, m=k-, =k'- (, k, k' m=(k-)(k'-)=(kk'-k-k')+ kk'-k-k' 0 m 0% m,, m 50% 0% m, m=k-, =k'- (, k, k' m=(k-)(k'-)=(kk'-k-k')+ kk'-k-k' 0 m m m m 0% m 50% m 0% 0 (a +b )( +y )-(a+by) =a +a y +b +b y -(a +aby+b y ) =b -aby+a y =(b-ay) a, b,, y (b-ay) æ0 (a +b )( +y )æ(a+by) (, b=ay ) (a +b )( +y )-(a+by) 0% (b-ay) æ0 0% (a +b )( +y )æ(a+by) 0% 0 p q p A;(B;C)=A HjK A,(B;C) q A'(B'C)=B'C HjK A,(B'C) p q p A'(B;C)=A HjK (B;C),A q A;(B'C)=B'C HjK (B'C),A p q p A'B=A HjK B,A p q p A'(B-A)=A'(B;AÇ )=(A'B);(A'AÇ ) p A'(B-A)=A'B=B HjK A,B p q, 0 P(a, b) a+by=6, y A, B 0

34 RPM A{: a :, 0}, B{0, : b :} OAB 0 ;!;_: a :_: b :=: a b : P(a, b) +y =6 a +b =6 a>0, b>0 6=a +b æ" a b =ab ab 8 ab, OAB : a b :æ;:!8@; :=6 OAB , D A, B B C, D C A, B, C, D 06 R,P, R,Q, PÇ,RÇ, QÇ,RÇ r jjk p, r jjk q, ~p jjk ~r, ~q jjk ~r,, 07 X Y, X Y X Y X Y, 8 X Y 0, 08 {,, }, {a, b, c, d}, {a, b, c} yy 09 yy 050 y= +6 y=(+) -9, {y yæ-9} yy 05 f() g() - (æ0) - (æ0) f()="ç =[, g()= =[ - (<0) - (<0) f()=g() f=g 05 f(), g() + f g 05 k =k,, 05,,, 055 (gωf)()=g(f())=(-) +=9-6+ (fωg)()=f(g())=( +)-= +5 (fωf)()=f(f())=(-)-=9- (gωg)()=g(g())=( +) += f ()= 0

35 05 ~ 057 (f Ωf)()=f (f())=f ()= (fωf )()=f(f ())=f()= 057 y=- y y+ =y+ = + y y= y= - y =y+ = 'ƒy+ æ0 ='ƒy+ (yæ-) y y='ƒ+ (æ-) y= 058 f (-)=a f(a)=- a-=- a= f (b)=- f(-)=b --=b b=-5 y='ƒ+ (æ-) a= b= a y =a, 060 X Y, X Y X Y X Y a, b X Y b, c X Y 06 X 0 X 0 Y - 0 Y X Y,, f() X X 0 X 0 Y - 0 Y - 0 Y 06 f()=+= '- f('-)=-('-)=-' f()-f('-)=-(-')=' ' 06 f()=-= f(8)=f(8-)=f(5-)=f(-)=f(9-) f(8)=f(6-)=f()=-= f()+f(8)=+= 06 = --=6-a a=9 -'5<, '5> f(-'5)=(-'5)-9=-'5 f('5)=-'5- f(-'5)-f('5)=-'5-(-'5-) f(-'5)-f('5)=-' f(a+b)=f(a)+f(b) yy a=b= f()=f()+f()=;@; -'5+ a=b= f()=f()+f()=;$; a=, b= f(6)=f()+f()= f()+f()+f(6)=;@;+;$;+= f() 0% f() 0% f(6) 0% f()+f()+f(6) 0% 066 =, =9, =7, =8, fi =, y, 9, 7, f {,, 7, 9} ++7+9= f(-)=(-) +a=a+, f(0)=0, 05

36 RPM f()= -a=-a+ {-a+, 0, a+} (-a+)+(a+)= a=- - y y k y=k k y=k O O y O k y=k 068 f(-)=g(-)=-, f(0)=g(0)=0, f()=g()= f=g f(0)=-, g(0)= - = f(0)+g(0) f+g f(-)=g(-)=0, f(0)=g(0)=, f()=g()= f=g f=g,, y=k y=k ( )+( ) y=k 069 f, g f(-)=g(-) +-=-a+b -a+b= f()=g() yy --=a+b a+b= yy a=-, b= ab= f()=g() =+5 --5=0, (+)(-5)=0 =- =5 X {-, 5} {-}, {5}, {-, 5} {-}, {5}, {-, 5} 075 a<0 f()=a+b y=f(), f(-)=, f()=0 -a+b=, a+b=0 a=-;#;, b=;#; ab=-;(; 076 f y=f() f f()=a+ a>0 y - O y O 07 ( ) =.5, =.7 + f( )=[.5]=, f( )=[.7]= y=[] 07 k y=k y=f() ( )=( ) 077 f()= -=(-) - y=f() y y=f() O f - =, X={ æa} aæ a 07, X, + f( )+f( ),,, 07 y=k (k ) ( )=( ) 078 y= -6=(-) -9 y y=f() O f = -9 kæ yy, f ( )=( ) 06

37 057 ~ 059 { æk} {y yæk} k=f(k) k=k -6k, k(k-7)=0 k=0 k=7 yy k k= f(-)=-, f(0)=0, f()= f X X f()= f(-)= - =+- f()= f(-)=(-) =+- f()=- f(-)=-(-)=+- f()= f(-)=-, f(0)=0, f()= ' (æ0) f()=[ f(-)=" -(ç- Ω)=+- 'ƒ- (<0) 080 f() f()=f()=y=f(0)=5 f()+f()+y+f(0)=5 0= f() f()= ;8!; =, =8, -8=0, ( -8)=0 (-')(+')=0 =-' =0 =' X {-', 0, '} X -=7( ) 7 08 =56( ) =( ) ( ) ( ), p=56, q=, r=, s= p+q+r+s= f()=a, f()=c {,, 5} {b, d, e} b, d, e 5, {,, 5} {b, d, e} =6( ) 6 08 (fωg)(-)=f(g(-))=f(-a+) =(-a+)- =-a+0 -a+0=7 a= g()=+ g(-)=-+= 085 (gωf)(a)+(gωf)(b)=g( f(a))+g( f(b)) =g(b)+g(a) =+ = 086 ' f(')=(') =, f()=- (fωf)(')=f(f('))=f()= (fωg)()+(gωf)(0)=f(g())+g(f(0)) =f()+g() =0+7 =7 088 f()=+ f( f())=f(+)=(+)+=+ (fωfωf)()=f(f(f()))=f(+) =(+)+ =8+7 (fωfωf)()=- 8+7=- =- 089 (fωgωh)()=f(g(h()))=f(g()) =f() = (hω(gωf))()=((hωg)ωf)() =(hωg)(f()) =(hωg)(-+a) =(-+a)- =-+a- (hω(gωf))()=b- b=-, a-=- a=0, b=- a+b=- 09 (hω(gωf))()=((hωg)ωf)() =(hωg)(f()) =f()+ f()+=-5 f()=-6 f()=;!;- f()=;!;- 07

38 RPM 09 f()= a-= a= f()=- (fωg)()=f(g())=f(b+) =(b+)- =b+ yy (gωf)()=g(f())=g(-) =b(-)+ =b-b+ yy, fωg=gωf b+=b-b+ =-b+ b=- ab=_(-)=- 09 f()=+6, g()=a- (fωg)()=f(g())=f(a-) =(a-)+6 =a+ yy (gωf)()=g( f())=g(+6) =a(+6)- =a+6a- yy, fωg=gωf =6a- a=;6%; ;6%; 09 f()=-, g()= -+5 (fωg)()=f(g())=f( -+5) =( -+5)- = -6+9 yy (gωf)()=g( f())=g(-) =(-) -(-)+5 = -0+9 yy, (fωg)()=(gωf)() -6+9= =0, (-)=0 =0 = 095 (gωf)()=g( f())=g(+) =-(+)+ =-6+ yy (hωg)()=h(g())=h(-+) =a(-+)+b =-a+a+b yy, gωf=hωg -6+=-a+a+b -6=-a a= =a+b b=-8 a+b=-8= =t =t+ - f{ }=- f(t)=(t+)-=6t+ f()=6+ f(-)=-+= =t = t+ f(-)=+ 7 f(t)={ t+ }+= t+ yy t= - 7 f{ -}= { -}+ = + a=, b= ab= =t = t- f{ + }=-6 f(t)= t- -6=6t-8 yy t=- f(-)=6(-)-8=8- f(-)= =t =t- f { + }=- f(t)=(t-)-=6t-6 yy t= - f{ - }=6 - -6=-9- a=-9, b=- a+b= (hωgωf)()=(hωg)( f())=(hωg)(-) =h(g(-))=h((-)-) =h(-5) (hωgωf)()=f() h(-5)=- yy -5= = = h()= h(-5)=- -5=t = t+5 08

39 060 ~ 06 t+5 h(t)= -= t+ h()= + = 00 (fωh)()=g() f(h())=g(), h()+=-9 h()=-5 00 (hωf)()=h( f()) =h(+) =-+ yy t- +=t = t- -t+0 h(t)=- += -+0 h()= -+0 h()= 0% h() 70% 00 (hω(gωf))()=((hωg)ωf)() =(hωg)(f()) =f()- (hω(gωf))()= +- f()-= +- f()= ++ f(-)= (-) + (-)+ = f ()=- f ()=( fωf)()=f( f())=f(-) =(-)-=- f ()=( fωf )()=f( f ())=f(-) =(-)-=- f«()=- f (a)=5 a-0=5 a=5 005 f ()= f ()=( fωf)()=f( f())=f() = ()= f ()=( fωf )()=f( f ())=f( ) = ( )= f«()=«ffi (a)=86 fi a=86 a=86 a= 006 f ()= + f ()=( fωf)()=f( f()) f ()=f{ }= + = f ()=(fωf )()=f(f ()) + f ()=f{ }= = f«()= f ()= + +0 ; 0; f {; 0;}= =; 0; ; 0; +0 ; 0; 007 f {;!;}=;!;+=;$; f {;!;}=f {f {;!;}}=f {;$;}=;$;-=;!; f {;!;}={fωf }{;!;}=f {f {;!;}}=f {;!;}=;$; ( ;$; ( ) f«{;!;}={ 9 ;!; ( ) f{;!;}+f {;!;}+y+f {;!;}=5{;$;+;!;}=: : : : 0% 0% 0% 09

40 RPM 008 f()=, f()= ( fωfωf)()=f( f( f()))=f( f())=f()= (fωf)()=f(f())= f()= f()= f()=, f()=, = (fωf)()= 009 (fωfωf)(b)=f(f(f(b))) =f(f(c)) =f(d)=e f(f())=c f()=b f()=b a 00 (gωf)(c)=g(f(c)) =g(b)=d y e d c b a y d c b a O y=g() O a b c de e a a b c d e y= y=f() y= y=f(), a=-;!;, b=: º: f()=-;!; +: º: f(-9)=-;!; (-9) +: º: (-9)=-57 - t+ 05 =t = - f { }=-6+ t+ f(t)=-6 +=-t- f()=-- f (7)=k f(k)=7 -k-=7 k= g()=+ y=+ =y- y y=- g ()=- (fωg )()=f(g ())=f(-)=+ -=t =t+ f(t)=(t+)+=t+8 f()=+8 0 (fωg)()+(gωf)() =f(g())+g(f()) =f()+g() =+ =6 y y=g() 8 6 O 6 y= y=f() (fωg )(6)=f(g (6))=f(8)= (g Ωf )(6)=g (f (6))=g ()= (fωg )(6)+(g Ωf )(6)=+= 08 (gωf) ()=k (gωf)(k)= (gωf)(k)=g( f(k))=g(-k+6) =(-k+6)-8=-k- -k-= k=-;#; 0 f()=7 a+b=7 yy f (0)= f()=0 a+b=0 yy, a=, b=6 ab=6 6 (f Ωg)(a)=f (g(a))= f()=g(a) -=a- a= -;#; 0 (fωf)()=f(f())=f()=5 f (a)=5 f(5)=a a=f(5)= 0 f()=a +b+c(a+0) f(0)=0 c=0 f ()= f()= a+b= yy f (8)= f()=8 6a+b=8 yy 09 f(g()--)= f ()=g()-- f ()=g() g()=g()-- g()=+ (gωg)()=g(g())=g()=5 00 y=;!;+ y y=+6 =y-6 y y=-6 f()=-6 a=, b=-6 a+b=- 00

41 06 ~ 06 0 (gωf)()=g(f())=g(-) =-5(-)+=-0+6 y=-0+6 y 8 =- y y y= (gωf) ()= (fωg)()=(gωf)()= g()=f () y=+ = y- y y= - g()=f ()= - 8 (gωf) ()=- + g()= h()=( fωg)()=f(g()) =f(-+) =(-+)- =-- y=-- =-y- =- y- y y=- - h ()=- - h ()= =t = f(-)=6+ t+ f(t)=6 +=t+ f()=+ y=+ y- =y- = - y y= - g()= =;!;-;#; 0 (fω(fωg) Ωf)() =(fωg Ωf Ωf)() =(fωg )() ( f Ωf=I) =f(g ()) g ()=k g(k)= k-6= k= t+ f(g ())=f()=+= 05 (fω(gωf) Ωf)(-) =(fωf Ωg Ωf)(-) =(g Ωf)(-) ( fωf =I) =g (f(-)) =g (-6) g (-6)=k g(k)=-6 -k+=-6 k=6 07 f()=+ (hωgωf)()=f() (hωg)()= h()=g () h()=g () g ()=a g(a)= 06 (f Ωg)(a)= (fω(f Ωg))(a)=f() g(a)=f() a-=- a= f()=f () (fωf)()=(fωf )(), (fωf)()= f(f())=f(k-)=k(k-)- =k -k- k -k-= k =, -k-=0 k=- - f()=k- f ()= + k-= + k k k k k=, -= k=- k k a+= a=-;!; -;!; 08 f()=-+ f() f() f(-)=b, f()=a +=b, -+=a a=-, b=5 a+b=-+5= 09 f f, + (æ0) 00 f()=[ a+b (<0) f 0

42 RPM y=f() y=+, y=a+b a>0 y=a+b(0, ) =0+b b= y y=+ O y=a+b, a>0, b= y= y=f() y S =;!; ;!;=;!; S =;!; ;!;=;!; S S=(S +S )={;!;+;!;}= ;; O y=f - () S S y= y=f() 0 f f æ0 <0, (-a)(a+)>0 (a-)(a+)<0 -<a< a -, 0, 60% a 0% 0 y=f() y=f () y=f() y= -+= -5+=0, (-)(-)=0 = = = (, ) (, ) 0 f() f () f() y= ;!;-;#;= =- P P(-, -) OP =" (- ) + (- )Ω =' ' 0 y=f() y=f () y=f() y= a+6= = a+6= a= y=f () y=f() y= y=f() y=f () 06 f (c)=k f(k)=c k=d f (c)=d (fωf) (c) =(f Ωf )(c) =f (f (c)) =f (d) f (d)=p f(p)=d p=e f (d)=e (fωf) (c)=e 07 f ()=k f(k)= k= f ()= (fωf) ()=(f Ωf )() =f (f ()) =f () f ()=p f(p)= p= f ()= (fωf) ()= 08 f (e)=k f(k)=e k=d f (e)=d (fωgωf )(e) =f(g(f (e))) =f(g(d)) =f(c) =d 09 (gωg)(k)=(f Ωf )(k) =f (f (k)) f (k)=p f(p)=k=b p=c f (k)=c f (c)=q f(q)=c q=d f (c)=d y d c b a y d e c b a y a b c d e O y 5 O a b c de O a bcd O 5 e d c y=f() y= y=g() y= y=f() k e y= y=f() d y= y=f() 0

43 06 ~ 067 (gωg)(k)=d 00 Y Y Y 0 f(0)=0, g(0)= f(0)+g(0) f+g d, 0 f f <0 +< f(a)=a +=6, a = a= ( aæ0) f(b)=b+=0 b=- f (6)+f (0)=a+b=-= 09 y=f() y=f () y=f() y= -+6=, -5+6=0 (-)(-)=0 = = (, ), (, ) "( - ) +( - ) Ω =" 0,, - 0 =t t+ -=t = - f{ }=- f(t)=- t+ f()=-+ =-t+ (fωf)()=f(f())=f(-)= 050 f ()=f() (fωf)()=, fωf=i (I ) f()=+ ( fωf)()=f( f())=(+)+=+ f()= + ( fωf)()=f( f())=( +) + f()=- ( fωf)()=f( f())=(-)-=9- f()= ( fωf)()=f( f())=()= f()=-+ (fωf)()=f(f())=-(-+)+= 05 g()=a f =g f ()=a, f(a)= a +=, a =9 a= ( aæ0) g ()=( f ) ()=f()= g()+g ()=+=6 06 (fω(gωf) Ωf)(-) =(fωf Ωg Ωf)(-) =(g Ωf)(-) ( fωf =I) =g (f(-)) =g (-) g (-)=k g(k)=- k-=- k= 07 (fωf)()=f(f())=f(-9)=7 (fωf)(")=f(f("))=f()=-6 (fωf)()+(fωf)(")=7-6= 08 f (6)=a, f (0)=b f(a)=6, f(b)=0 æ0 +æ 05 f()=, f()=, f()=, f()=5, f(5)= fωg=gωf f(g())=g(f()) yy = f(g())=g(f()), f()=g() g()= = f(g())=g(f()), f()=g() g()=5 = f(g())=g(f()), f(5)=g() g()= = f(g())=g(f()), f()=g(5) g(5)= 05 (fωf)()= fωf f()= X f X f()= f X 0

44 RPM 05 <0, f()= f(f())=f()= æ0, f()= f(f())=f()= fωf {} 05 g(00)=(' 0å0 ) =(0 ) =9 f(9)=(9 )= f()=( )= (fωfωg)(00)=f(f(g(00))) =f(f(9)) =f() = g:x X g()=, (gωf)()=g(f())=g()= g()+(gωf)()=+= 058 f ()=- f(-)= -a+b= yy (fωg) (-)= (fωg)()=- f(g())=f(+c)=a(+c)+b=a+ac+b, a+ac+b=- a=, ac+b=- yy 7, a=, b=6, c=- 7 a+b-c=+6- {- }=+6+7=6 055 f (d)=k f(k)=d k=c f (d)=c (fωf) (d)=(f Ωf )(d) =f (f (d)) O =f (c) e dc b a f (c)=p f(p)=c p=b f (c)=b (fωf) (d)=b y b c d e y= y=f() 059 (f Ω(gΩf ) Ωf)(b) =( f ΩfΩg Ωf)(b) =(g Ωf)(b) =g (f(b)) =g (a) g (a)=k g(k)=a k=e g (a)=e (f Ω(gΩf ) Ωf)(b)=e y f a b c O y=g() y= y=f() c d b aef 056 f(y)=f()+f(y) yy =y= f()=f()+f()=f()= =, y=;!; f()=f()+f{;!;}=+f{;!;}= f{;!;}=- 060 f ()=f( f())=f(-+) =-(-+)+= f ()=f( f ())=f()=-+ f ()=f(f ())=f(f())= - ( ) f«()=[ -+ ( ) f«()+f«± ()=+(-+)= =y=;!; f{;!;}=f{;!;}+f{;!;}=f{;!;}= f()=, f()= f()= (gωf)()=g(f())=g()= (fωg)()=f(g())= g()= f, g X f Y g Z 06 f()= +k æ0, f()= +k <0, f()=- +k f ()= f()=, +k= k= (f Ωf )()=f (f ())=f () f ()=a f(a)= aæ0, f(a)=a += a =- a<0, f(a)=-a += a = a=- ( a<0) (f Ωf )()=- - 0

45 067 ~ f()= (æ0) g()=[ 0 (<0) (gωf)()=g(f())=g()= 06 f()= f ()=f( f())=f()= f ()=f( f ())=f()= f ()=f( f ())=f()= ffi ()=f( f ())=f()= ( { 9 - (æ) 0 (0 <) - (<0) f ()=f _ fi ()=, f ()= f ()+f ()=+= 06 f()=a+b y f() 5 a<0 O, f(0)=5, f()=- - b=5, a+b=- a=- a+b=-+5= f 0% f 50% a+b 0% 065 f()=-, g()=-+, (gωf ) =(f ) Ωg =fωg (gωf )(a)= HjK (fωg )()=a (fωg )()=f(g ())=a g ()=k g(k)= -k+= k=-;!; g ()=-;!; a=f{-;!;}= {-;!;}-=-: : -: : (gωf ) =fωg 0% (fωg )()=a 0% g () 0% a 0% 066 f y= =;!;y y y=;!; f ()=;!; g - y=- =y+ y y=+ g ()=+ (f ΩhΩg )()=(f Ωh)(g ()) =( f Ωh)(+) =f (h(+)) =f (a(+)+b) =;!;{a(+)+b} =;!;(a+a+b) f ΩhΩg =f ;!;(a+a+b)= a+a+b= a=, a+b=0 a=, b=- a+b=-8-8 f 0% g 0% f ΩhΩg 0% a+b 0% 05

46 RPM 067 æ, f()=- hωf=g h(-)=+ t+ -=t = t+ t+5 h(t)= += +5 h()= +5 y= =y-5 y y=-5 h ()=-5 (æ) <, f()= hωf=g h()=+ y=+ =y- y y=- h ()=- (<) -5 (æ) h ()=[ - (<) -5 (æ) h ()=[ - (<) æ, h() 0% æ,h () 0% <,h () 0% (hωf)()=g() h(f())=g() h (g())=f(), h (+)=f() +=t =t- h (t)=f(t-) t-æ, tæ h (t)=(t-)-=t-5 t-<, t< h (t)=t- -5 (æ) h ()=[ - (<) 069 f ()= f( )= yy (fωg )( )= f(g ( ))= yy f, g ( )= g( )= g(0)=0, f(0)=' 0='5 (fωg)(0)=f(g(0))=f(0)='5 '5 070 f()=a - +(-a)+a æ, f()=a(-)+(-a)+a= <, f()=-a(-)+(-a)+a =(-a)+a f() æ <, -a>0 a< a< 07 f()= ( { 9 (0 <) ( <) - ( ) - (0 <) g()=[ -+ ( ) 0 <, 0 f()< (gωf)()=g( f())=g()= <, f()= (gωf)()=g( f())=g()=- +=, f() (gωf)()=g( f())=g(-) y =-(-)+ =-+6 y=(gωf)() O 068 æ0, f()= f(f(0))=f(0)=0 ( ) f(-)=- f (-)=- ( ) (æ0) f()=[ y=f() y=f () (<0) æ0, y=f() y=f () ( ),, 06

47 069 ~ a y a y 07 = a y (-5)(+) + a y 07 = =-5-5 = - +{ - } = = yy` (+)(+) 0 + -;@; 0 + ;!; 080 = = 0 + =: º:=;%; ;%; c a 075, 6ab c ab bc c a b, 6ab c 6ab c -+=(-)(-), --6=(+)(-) (-)(+)(-) (+), (-)(+)(-) = (+)(-) (-)(+)(-) ( -+)+(+) + -+ (+)( -+) -+ + = yy` ={-;[!;}+ = += {+;[!;} ={-;[!;}+ = +=5 +;[!;= '5 - ={-;[!;}+{-;[!;} = + = '5 08 y= =k, y=k (, k+0) +y k+k 5k = = =5 -y k-k k -y 9k -k 5k = = =; ; 5 ; ; +y 9k +k k _ (+)(-) (-5)(+) = _ (-5)(+) (+)(-) (-)(+) = yy` (+)(-) =+ -{- } = (-)+- - = (-)(-) = = yy` (-)(-) (+)(+) (+)(+) y z 08 = = =k (k+0) 5 =k, y=k, z=5k (+y-z) (k+6k-5k) = +y +z k +9k +5k k = =; 5; ; 5; 5k 08 a+b+c a+b+c ;A;=;B;=;5C;= = k= y= >0, y y= -- O

48 RPM 086 y= ;!;>0, -;; - y ;; O y= ;; - -;; { +- } {y y+ } 095 y= = + (-)+ - - = + y= y=-;[@; -<0, y y=- -- O (-)- - - =- - y= y= = 088 y=- -;!;<0, 089 y=;[!;, y y= + y= =, y=0 =0, y= =-, y=- 09 y= - - y=;[@;, y - { + } {y y+- } 09 y=- + + y=-;[!; -, y y y=- ;; ;; - O -;; -;; - y O - -5 y= y - O y= y= - (+)- = = y=-;[#; y=- + + y -, y, =-, y= 098 y= - (-)+ = = y=;[@;, y, =, y= y= y(-)=+ - y+ (y-)=y+ = y- y y= y= - + y(+)=- (y-)=-y- = y y= y- y- + (+) = y= + y= y O - O - y= (-)(+) 08

49 07 ~ 07 (+)(-)-(+) = (-)(+) ( +-)-(+ ) = (-)(+) -(+) = (-)(+) - = (-) _ (+)(-) (-)(-) - = 5 5 _ (-)(+) + (+) (+)(-) + - = 5 (-)(+) (-)(-) (+) = (-) (-) a- a+ a + a + = - - a - a + a + = - a - a + 8 = a = = = + (+) + - ( -) (-)= -+- (-) ( -) (-)= (+)(-) ( -) (-)= + ( )+{( -) (-)}= = + = 050 a b a(+)+b(-) + = - + (-)(+) (a+b)+a-b + = -- (a+b)+a-b 5+ = a+b=5, a-b= a=, b= ab= 0505 a b+c a( -)+(b+c) + = - ( -) (a+b) +c-a + = - + (a+b) +c-a = - - 0=a+b, =c, =-a a=-, b=, c= a+b+c= a+6 + = -+b (-) =0 6 = b= b = +a+6 =5, a=0 a=5 a +b =9 9 =0 b 0% = a 0% a +b 0% =(+)(-) (+)(-) 5- =(a-b) +(-a+c)+(a+b+c) a-b=-, -a+c=0, a+b+c=5 a=, b=, c= abc= (-) --(+) = - (-) (+)(-) 5 = + (-) (+)(-) = (+)(-)+5(-) (-)(+)(-) 09

50 RPM 6( --) 5 = (-)(+)(-) (+) (+)(+7) (+7)(+) 6( --) ={;[!;- }+{ - }+{ - } (-)(+)(-) =;[!; = (+) (+5)- (-)- = - a=, b= +5 - a+b= = = (-) = (+5)(-) = (-) (+) (+)(+) = (+5)(-) + (+)(+) ={ - }+{ - }+{ - } { - } = = ={+ }-{+ }-{+ }+{+ } = (-)(+) = m=, = ={ - }-{ - } m+= = - (+)(+) (+)(+) (+)(+)-(+)(+) = (+)(+)(+)(+) =;!;[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;5!;}+{;5!;-;7!;}+{;7!;-;9!;} +0 = (+)(+)(+)(+) +{;9!;-; ;}] A=, B=0 A+B= =;!;{-; ;} ( +)+ ( +-)+ = = = = - (+) (+)(-) -- = (+)(-) =- 5 - (+)(-) (+)(-) =; ; a=5, b= a-b= ; 5;+;6 ;+;9 9;+y+;57!5; = + + +y+ 5_7 7_9 9 5 =;!;[{;5!;-;7!;}+{;7!;-;9!;}+{;9!;-; ;}+y+{; ;-; 5;}] =;!; {;5!;-; 5;} =; 5; 050

51 07 ~ = ;[!; = = = = a=, b= a+b= + a+ 057, a+ - a+ (a+)+ a+ - =- =-;a@; (a+)- a + -(+) - + (+) = - - -(-)(+) + (+) -( ++) = -(- ) = -;a@; ;7##;= = ;&!; +; ; ;7#7#;= + : 5 : ;7#7#;= + 6+;5#; a=, b=6, c=5 a+b+c= 059 ;$5#;=+;!5#;=+ =+ ;!%; +; ; ;$5#;=+ =+ + + : : 6+;!; a=, b=, c=6, d= a+b+c+d= 050 {+;[!;}={-;[!;}+= +=8 +;[!;= ' + ={-;[!;}+=+=6 + ={+;[!;}-{+;[!;} =( ' ) -( ') = 6' 6' = 0' - ={-;[!;}+{-;[!;}= + = - ={ + }{ - } ={ + }{+;[!;}{-;[!;} =6 ( ') = ' 6 0' ' b a b +a 05 + = a b a b (a+b) -ab(a+b) = (ab) - (-) = (-) = {+ } = + +=+=5 + ='5 ( >0) + ={+ } -{+ } =('5) -'5 ='5 ' a - ={a-;a!;}{a+;a!;}={a-;a!;} = a a-;a!;= 7 6 a - ={a-;a!;}+{a-;a!;}= + = a

52 RPM 05 --= ;[!;=0 -;[!;= +--;[#;+ ={ + }+{-;[!;}- =[{-;[!;}+]+{-;[!;}- =( +)+ - =+9- =0 0 -;[!; 0% +--;[#;+ 60% y y 05 =-;]!; ;[!;= ; [;= y- (y-) ; z;=-y z= z= -y (-y) y ; [;+z= + (y-) (-y) y- ; [;-z= (y-) ; [;-z=;!; 055 ab= b=;a!; ;a!; a b a + = + a+ b+ a+ ;a!;+ a = + a+ +a a+ = a+ = 056 a+b+c=0 b+c=-a, c+a=-b, a+b=-c a{;b!;+;c!;}+b{;c!;+;a!;}+c{;a!;+;b!;} =;ba;+;ca;+;cb;+;ab;+;ac;+;bc; b+c c+a a+b = + + a b c -a -b -c = + + a b c =---=- - a+b+c 057 ;a b;+;b c;+;c a;= =0 abc a+b+c=0 yy a +b +c -abc=(a+b+c)(a +b +c -ab-bc-ca) a+b+c=0 a +b +c =abc yy a + b + c bc ca ab a(a +)+b(b +)+c(c +) = abc a +b +c +a+b+c = abc abc = (, ) abc = 058 y z= =k, y=k, z=k (, k+0) yz (-y)(y-z)(z-) k k k = (k-k)(k-k)(k-k) 6k = = k 059 =y y= =k, y=k (k+0) +y 7k +6k 9k = 5 = =;(6!; ;(6!; y 9k k 6k 050 (+y) (y+z) (z+)= 5 +y=k yy y+z=k yy z+=5k yy (, k+0) + + (+y+z)=k +y+z=6k yy,, =k, y=k, z=k y+yz+z k +6k +6k k = = +y +z k k = 05 -y+y =0 (-y)(-y)=0, y +y -y=0, =y y= =k, y=k (, k+0) -y (k) -k k = = =;#; y k k k 05

53 07 ~ 076 +y y+z z+ 05 = = =k(k+0) 5 +y=k yy y+z=k yy z+=5k yy + + (+y+z)=k +y+z=: :k yy,, =;#;k, y=;!;k, z=;&;k ;#;k-;#;k+ ;&;k -y+z 7k = = 5 -y-z -k ;#;k-;!;k-;&;k =-7 05 =y=6z ;{;=;};=z=k (k+0) =k, y=k, z=k yz k k k = 5 +y +z -yz (k) +(k) +k -k k k 6k = 0k =;5!; ;5!; a b c + + =;Åa;+;ıb;+;Çc; b+c c+a a+b =;!;+;!;+;!;=;#; 056 -y-6z=0 yy +y-7z=0 yy - _ y=z y=z -z=0 =z ;#; k 0% k 0% a, b, c 0% a + b + c 0% b+c c+a a+b (+y+z) (z+z+z) 6z = = =: 7 : +y +z 9z +z +z z 057 +y-z=0 yy -y+z=0 yy + -y=0 y= +y +y 05 = =k(k+0) 8 7 +y=8k yy +y=7k yy, =k, y=k y+y k k+k k = 5 = =;!; +y (k) +k k 6k y= z=;%; y z + + y-z z- -y ;%; = ;%; ;%;- =+-;%;=: : a-b-c b-c-a c-a-b 055 = = =k(k+0) a b c a-b-c=ak yy b-c-a=bk yy c-a-b=ck yy,, -(a+b+c)=(a+b+c)k k=- ( a+b+c+0),, a-b-c=-a, b-c-a=-b, c-a-b=-c b+c=a, c+a=b, a+b=c 058, y, z (-y) +(y-z) =0 -y=0, y-z=0 y=, z=;#;y= y -yz+z = = = +y+y a-y=0 y=a +y-z=0 +a-z=0 z=(+a) +yz +a(+a) = +z +(+a) +a(+a) = +(+a) a +a+ = a +a+ a +a+ a +a+ 05

54 RPM +y y+z 050 = =;Z; 5 (+y) (y+z) -z = = y-z +8y-z = 0+- k k=0 +y y+z = =;Z; 5 p(+y)+q(y+z)+rz = 5p+q+r p+(p+q)y+(q+r)z = 5p+q+r +8y-z = k, p=, p+q=8, q+r=- p=, q=, r=- k=5p+q+r=5 + + (-) k=0 mc+b ma+c mb+a 05 = = = a+b b+c c+a a+b+c>0 m(a+b+c)+(a+b+c) = (a+b+c) m+ = m+=6 6 y 05 ;{;=;};=;5Z; = =;5Z; +y+z +y+z 5 = a a=7 05 a+b+c+0, a b c k= = = b+c c+a a+b a+b+c k= (b+c)+(c+a)+(a+b) a+b+c k= 6a+b+c a+b+c k= (a+b+c) k=;!; a+b+c=0, a b k= = = c b+c c+a a+b a b c k= = = -a -b -c k=- k ;!;+(-)=-;!; 05 (0k+8l) (k+5l) A 0k k = k=l B 8l 5l A, B a b=k l=6l l=6 a-b=6-= a=8a =a A B=(a) (5a) =9a 5a = a, a B s, s, A 5t, t a=s+5t yy, a=s+t yy, s=;a;, t=;a; B A s 5t=;A; ;%;a= y=- - y=- -, y - y 5 O =, y= { + } {y y+- } - - y= =- - - (-)+ =- - = a a 5a 8a 05

55 077 ~ 078 y=-, y - =, y=- { + } {y y+- } ;!;(+)+;!; + y= = = y= -, y =-, y= [ +- ] [y y+ ] 058 =, y= k y= + (k+0) yy - (, ) =k+ k= k= -5 y= += - - a=, b=, c=-5 a+b+c= y= -- -(-)- = = y=- +q -p y= - (-)+5 = = y= + (-)+ = = += ;!; (+)+ y= +8 = = (-)+ y= + = = y O y - O y= -6 (-)- = = y=- + -;!; y= = ;#;(-)+;!; - ;!; = +;#;= +;#; - {-;!;} y= ;!;, y ;#; k=, a=;!;, b=;#; k+a+b=6 6 k y= +q 50% -p k, a, b 0% k+a+b 0% 055 y= + (+)-7 = = =-, y= (-, ), -, y=+r(-, ) =-+r r=6 p=-, q=, r=6 p+q+r= 055 y= -5 (-)+ = = =, y= (, ), -, y=-+k (, ) =-+k k=5 055

56 RPM 055 y= a+ a(+b)-ab+ = = -ab+ +a +b +b +b 0556 y= a +q -p =-b, y=a =, y=- (-b, a) - p=, q=- y= a - (0, -), (-b, a) y=+, y=-- - -= a - a= - a=-b+, a=b- a+p+q= a=-;!;, b=;%; ab=-;%; -;%; 055 y= a+b (-, ) +c =-, y= y= a+b = k + +c + (, 0) ;K;+=0 k=- a+b - - y= = += +c + + a=, b=-, c= a+b+c= k y= +q 0% -p k 0% a+b+c 0% 0557 =-, y= y= k + yy + (0, 0) 0=;K;+ k=- k=- y= - += + + a=, b=0, c= a+b+c= ;!;(-) y= + = = +;!; - - (-) ;#; = +;!; - ;#; y=, y ;!; - {, ;!;} y ;; -;; O 0555 =, y= y= k + yy - (0, ) = k + k=- - k=- y= - += a=, b=-, c=- abc= y= + =, y= - (, ) ( ),, ( ) y= - + y=0 +=0, = =-;!; =;%; y O 056

57 078 ~ 080 {;%;, 0} ( ), 0560 y= - (-)+ = = (-) -,, ( ),,,, 056 y= - (-)+ = = , y=;[!;, y 0 < < y y= - - [y y yæ;%;] - O 056 y= +6 (+)+ = = y=;[$; -, y {y y 0 yæ} y y= O y=0 +6=0 =- y= = +6, +6=+ = + { - <- -< } -, -, 0, y= + (+)+ = = y=;[!; -, y y - 5 ;; O ;; 0 y= + + =0, =, ;%; +;%;=;; ;; ;; ;; 056 y= + (-)+6 = = y=;[^;, y y 9 5 a y= + - O a =, =a 5 M= 6 +=9-6 +=5 6 = a- a- a-= a= a+m=+9= 0565 y=;[#; y=-+k ;[#;=-+k -k+=0 D - - O k y= +q 0% -p 0% a+m 0% D=k - =0 k = k='6 ( k>0) 0566 y= - =-;[!;+ y=-;[!; y, y=a+ a+(-y)=0 a 5 ;; y 057

58 RPM (0, ) A;B=Δ y= - y=a+ a aæ0 aæ0 y O y=a f(f())=f{ - - }= = = , = -=0, (-)=0 =0 = = = y= + (-)+ = = , y=a+ a+(-y)=0 a (0, ) y=a+(, ) =a+ a= y=a+(, ) =a+ a=;!;, a +;!;=;$; ;$; 0568 y= + (-)+ = = , y=m+ m+(-y)=0 m (0, ) m=0, y O m=0 - O + =m+ m -m-=0 - D D=(-m) -m (-)<0, m(m+)<0 -<m<0, m -<m f()= + =;#; (gωf)()=g(f())=g{;#;} ;#; ;#; = = = ;#;- ;!; y - y=m+ 057 (hωg)()=f() h(g())=f() h{ }= + + =t = t ;t!;+ h(t)= = +t h()= + ;t!;+ +t + h(-)= f()= - f()=;@; -;!; f ()=(fωf)()=f(f())=f{;@;}= ;@; =-;!; -;#; f ()=(fωf )()=f(f ())=f{-;!;}= = -;!; f ()=(fωf )()=f(f ())=f()=;@; f()=f ()=f ()=y=;@; f ()=ffi ()=f ()=y=-;!; f ()=ffl ()=f ()=y= 009=_669+ f ()=f ()=-;!; -;!; f() 0% f (), f (), y 0% f«() 0% f () 0% 058

59 080 ~ g(f())= g()=f () g ()=f() -+ y= y(+a)=-+ +a -ay+ (y+)=-ay+ = y+ y y= f ()=g()=, g()= -a+ = b+ + c+ -a=b, c= a+b+c= y= y(+a)=+ +a -ay+ (y-)=-ay+ = y- y y= f ()= f=f + = +a a=- -a+ - -a+ + -a+ + -a+ - -a (fωf )()=(f Ωf)()= (f ΩfΩf )()+(fωf )()=f ()+ f ()=k f(k)= k+5 = k+5=k+ k= k+ ( )=f ()+=+= 0576 f()= - g() + y= g() f(), g()=f () g()=f ()=k f(k)= k- = k-=k+8 k+ k=- g()=k=- - k 0577 y= +q (k+0) k -p + y= = (-)+5 5 y= = = (-)+ y= = = (-)+7 7 y= = = y= = (-)+ y= = = y= + -, y y= ++= += +5 (+) + + ;!;(-) y= + = = +;!; y= +;!; (-) =, y=;!; y= + =0 y=-;!; y - {0, -;!;} + y= y(-)=+ - y+ (y-)=y+ = y- y y= + - y=, y ;!; a+b 0580 a b= =;#; a+b a+8b=6a+b, a=5b a b=5 a=5k, b=k (k+0) b+a k+0k k b a= = = =;$; ;$; b+a k+5k 9k = 059

60 RPM {+;[!;}-=, {+;[!;}=6 +;[!;= ( >0) = y+ + ;[!;+ 058 y= y z= = 6 y z= 6 =k, y=k, z=6k (k+0) y+yz+z 6k +8k +k = =;#9^; ;#9^; +y +z k +9k +6k 058 =-, y= y= k + yy + (0, ) = k + k= y= += a=, b=6, c= abc=8 +y y+z 058 = =;Z; 5 (+y) (y+z) -z = = y+z +8y+z = 0+- a a=8 - +;[!; = = ;[!; =+-(-) = = = = + + +a+6 (+)f() 0587 = +a+6 ++b (-)f() + -a+6=0 a=5 ++b - ++b=0 b=- a+b= 0588 (fωg)()= g()=f () y=f() y=g() y= y=f() y=g() y=f() y= +6 + = +6=(+) --6=0, (-)(+)=0 = = y= -7 (-)- = = y=-, y - y= -7 y - 5 =-, m=;; ;; =, M=5 M-m=5-;; ;;=;(; - O :: =- - y- (-)(y-)=--y+ y=, y=;[!; y=;[!; 0590 f ()= f()= 6+ = a= -6+a + -- f()= = = = (-)-6-060

61 08 ~ 08 =, y=- g() =-c, y=b -c=, -=b b=-, c=- 5 a+b+c=-- = b (+a)+- ab b+ 059 y= = +a +a - ab b = + +a a [ +- ], b [y y+ ] a - =- a= b = b=9 a+b=, f ()= -+b -a f()=f () a=- a=- b=7 a-b=-0-0 a+b 059 y= +c y=+, y=-+ y=+, y=-+ =, y= a+b y= (, ) +c =, y= k y= + - (-, ) k = + k= -- - y= += - - a=, b=-, c=- a+b-c= -+ay+b 059, y -y- k -+ay+b =k -y- -+ay+b=k(-y-) (--k)+(a+k)y+b+k=0, y --k=0, a+k=0, b+k=0 k=-, a=, b= a+b= + = a+b 059 f()= (, ) + a+b = a+b= yy + a+b a+b f()= y= + + y(+)=a+b, (y-a)=-y+b -y+b = y-a y y= -+b -a y-z=+y-z +y=z yy +y-z=--y+z +y=z yy _- y=-z y=-z -z=z =z y z=z -z z= - =k, y=-k, z=k (k+0) (+y) (y+z) (z+)=k k 7k = T()+T()+T()+y+T(9) = + + +y+ 9 0 ={;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{;9!;-; 0;} =-; 0; =;ª0; =;ª0;, 9a(a+)=0 a(a+) 9a +9a-0=0, (a+5)(a-)=0 a=;@; ( a>0) 06

62 RPM 0597 a+b+c b+c+a c+a+b = = c a b 5(a+b+c) = =5 a+b+c a+b+c=5c a+b=c b+c+a=5a b+c=a c+a+b=5b c+a=b (a+b)(b+c)(c+a) c a b 8abc = = abc abc abc = ; 0 0;=+ =+ : ºº: +; ; a=, b= a+b=6 +; 0 0;=+ =+ + + : 8 : +;8&; -(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)(ab+bc+ca) =- abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a) ab+bc+ca abc = = = abc abc +y y+z z+ 060 = = =k (k+0) - 5 +y=k, y+z=-k, z+=5k yy (+y+z)=k, +y+z=k yy, =6k, y=-k, z=-k +y +z (6k) +(-k) +(-k) = yz 6k (-k) (-k) 6k -7k -k = 8k 88k = 8k =:ª9 : ;!; = 6 (+6) = 6 (+6)(+) + = = ,,,, 6, =8 8 bc a(a-b)(a-c) (+6) +--6 (+6)(+) ca b(b-c)(b-a) ab + c(c-a)(c-b) bc ca =- - a(a-b)(c-a) b(b-c)(a-b) ab - c(c-a)(b-c) b c (b-c)+c a (c-a)+a b (a-b) =- abc(a-b)(b-c)(c-a) :ª9 : +y, y+z, z+ k 0%, y, z k 0% +y +z 0% yz 060 f()= a+, g()= b y=, g()=f () y= a+ y(-6)=a+ -6 6y+ (y-a)=6y+ = y-a y y= f ()= g()= b+ = 6+ a=-6, b=6 +6 -a b-a= 6+ -a 6+ -a 06

63 08 ~ 085 y= 0% f() 50% b-a 0% y= y= a+ y= =, y=;a; -6 {, ;A;} y= b+ =-, y=;b; +6 {-, ;B;} {, ;A;}, {-, ;B;} y= =;B;, ;A;=- a=-6, b=6 b-a= 060 f()= a+b (, ) +c a+b +c = yy a(+c)+b-ac f()= = b-ac +a +c +c =-c, y=a d=-c, a= yy f {;!;}=0 f(0)=;!; ;cb;=;!; c=b yy,, a=, b=;!;, c=;$;, d=-;$; 060 f ()= f ()=f( f ())= = f ()=f( f ())= = - = f ()=f( f ())=f()=f () f ()=f( f ())=f( f ())=f () f ()=f( f ())=f( f ())=f () f ()=f (), f ()=f (), f ()=f () (, k ) f ººª()=f _ ª ()=f ()=- + = = = =, -8= =0 - + f () 0% f () 0% f«() 0% f ººª() 0% a+b+c+d=;&; ;&; (, ) 0% 0% f {;!;}=0 0% a+b+c+d 0% + (-) y= = = =, y= + y= -, y=k+ k (0, ) k (, ) O (, 5) y 5 06

64 RPM y=k+(, ),k=, (, 5), k= k k M=, m= M-m=- = 0607 P {t, } t> t- OAPB {t+ }={+t-+ } t- t- æ[+æ(t -) ] t- =(+') t-= t='+ t- OAPB t =('+) =+' t- ' 0608 A{p, ;p!;} B{kp, ;p!;}, C{p, ;pk;} AB = kp-p = (k-)p AC = ;pk;-;p!; = k- p ABC 50 ;!;_AB _AC =50 ;!;_ (k-)p _ k- =50 p k- =00, k-= 0 k= k=-9 k>0 k= 'å8+'å-'5å0='+'-5' =' yy 060 ('+5' )('-' )=-'6+5'6-5 =-+'6 yy 06 Æ; ª0; {Æ; 6;+Æ; 5;}=Æ; ª0; ; 6;+Æ; ª0; ; 5; 06 'ƒ+ +æ0 æ- yy 06 = =;!;+;5!; '5+ '5- ('5-)('5+) '5+ = 5- ='5+ yy 06 = =;ª0; yy '+ ('+) '- ('-)('+) +' = - =+' yy '+'y = '-'y+'+'y '-'y ('+'y)('-'y) ' = yy -y 066 -, y+ -=0, y+=0 =, y=- =, y= y+, -y +y+=, -y=- =-, y= =-, y= 068 -æ0 æ 06

65 085 ~ 088 { æ} yy æ0 { } yy 060 -æ0 æ;#; 068 y='ƒ- +ß6=" - (ç- Ω) y='ƒ- { } {y yæ0} y '6 O y="ç-+6 [ æ;#;] yy 06 -æ0 { } yy 06 y='ß { æ0} {y yæ0} y O y=' 069 y=' -å+ y=', y { æ} {y yæ} 060 y=-'ƒ-å+=-æ { -;!;}+ y=-' y O y y="ç-+ 06 y=' -ß { 0} {y yæ0} y y="ç- - O ;!;, y [ æ;!;] {y y } O ;; y=-"ç-+ 06 y=-'ß { æ0} {y y 0} 065 y=-' -ß { 0} {y y 0} O y='ß -, y y=" ( +Ω)+ y=" (ç+ Ω)+ 067 y='ƒ-ƒ+-=" - (- Ω)- y=' ƒ-, y - p=, q=- p=, q=- y O - - y=-' - y y=-' 06 y=-'ƒ-+=-" -( -Ω)+ y=-' -ß, y { } {y y } 06 y='ƒ- (æ, yæ0) y =- =y - y y= - (æ0) y= - (æ0) 06 y='ƒ-+ (æ, yæ) y-='ƒ- (y-) =- =(y-) + y y=(-) + (æ) y=(-) + (æ) 06 <a< -' y=-"ç-+ -7 O y 065

66 RPM a-<0, a->0, a->0 "( a- ) + a- +"( a- ) =-(a-)+(a-)+(a-) =-a++a-+a- =a 065 æ -+a -æ ++a a a =æ {;a!;-a}-æ {;a!;+a} -<a<0 ;a!;<- +'-' -'-' 060 = (+'-')(-'+') (-'-')(-'+') -('-') = (-') -(') -+'6 = -' -'6 = ' ='-' a=, b= a+b=5 ;a!;-a<0, ;a!;+a<0 ( )=-{;a!;-a}+;a!;+a =-;a!;+a+;a!;+a=a 066 'ƒ- 'ƒ-=-" - +- =-" -( -+) =-" -(-)(-) =-" (-)(-) - 0, =6 ' =-æ ' - - +æ0, -<0 " (+) +" (-) =(+)-(-) = 'ßa =-Æ;bA; aæ0, b<0 'ßb a-b>0 "a Ω -"( a-b ) +"bω =a-(a-b)-b= 'ƒ+ -'ƒ+ (-'ƒ+)+(+'ƒ+) = (+'ƒ+)(-'ƒ+) -'ƒ+++'ƒ+ = -(+) = =- - '-' '+' = '+' ('-') +('+') '-' ('+')('-') =(5-'6)+(5+'6) = f()='+'ƒ y+ f() f() f() f(00) = + + +y+ '+ '+' '+' ' 00+'ß99 =('-)+('-')+('-')+y+(' 00-'ß99) =' 00- =0- =9 06 +æ0 yy -æ0 yy, æ;!; 06 -æ0 yy +>0 yy, -< 06-6æ0 yy +æ0 yy, - ;@; 'ƒ æ0, -+0 -< < < ++=

67 088 ~ 090 0% 0% 0% 066 <'< <+'< +'=. a= b=(+')-='- a +(b+) = +(') = 067 <'< '+ '- a=, b= -= '+ -' a+b=, a-b= + = + a+b a-b '+ -' +' + ='-+ ' + = 068 =0, y='-' y '-' -5+ =0-5+ '+' '+' =('-') -5=-'6 ' '('6+') 069 = ='+ '6-' ('6-')('6+') a=, b='- (b+) ('-+) = = = b('a+) ('-)('+) >0, ->0 + - 'ƒ+ 'ƒ- æ -æ = 'ƒ- 'ƒ+ æ -æ +-(-) = " (-)(+) æ -æ = " - ' æ -æ = ' æ -{} ' æ -æ = = ' 065 ='- ;[!;= ='+ '- +;[!;=('-)+('+)=' + ={+;[!;}-{+;[!;} + =(') - ' + =0' = 065 -' 'ƒ+-'ƒ- 'ƒ++'ƒ- +'+-' +' (-')(+') = 5 = - ' - = -' =8+' ('ƒ+-'ƒ-) = ('ƒ++'ƒ-)('ƒ+-'ƒ-) (+)+(-)-" (+)(-) = (+)-(-) -" - = =-" - '7 = '7 '7 -æ { }-='7-'6 '7-' y=, y=, -y=' '-'y ('-'y) = '+'y ('+'y)('-'y) +y-' y = -y - ' = = ' y=', y= -y =(-y) +y(-y) =(') + ' ='+6' =0' ('5-') 0656 = =-' 5 ('5+')('5-') ('5+') y= =+' 5 ('5-')('5+') 067

68 RPM +y=8, y= +y+y+ +y =+y+(+y) -y =8+8 - = y=, y= - y +y =( ) +(y ) -(y) =( +y ) - y -(y) ={(+y) -y} -(y) =( - ) - = 0658 =+' -=' -+= =( -+)- ++ =( -+)-( -+)-+ =-+ =-(+')+ =-' ('5+') 0659 = =+' 5 ('5-')('5+') -=' 5-8+= =( -8+)- +8+ =( -8+)-( -8+)+ = 0660 =+' -=' -6+7=0 (-)(-5)( -6+0) =( -6+5)( -6+0) =( -6+7-)( -6+7+) =(-) = ='7- +='7 +-=0 ( )= =( +-)( ++)++6 = = +- ( +-)+ = ('7-)+6 =' a('+) +b('-)= '- '+ a(7+')+b('-)= ('-)('+) (7a-b)+(a+b)'=;!;+;!;' '7+ a, b 7a-b, a+b 7a-b=;!;, a+b=;!; a=b=; 0; a+b=;5!; 066 ('+)+'(-'y)=+'y ('+)+('-y)=+'y (-y)+(+)'=+'y -y=, +=y =-, y=- -y= ='+' y =y'+'='+'y ' (-')=''-''='6- ( )(y )=' (-') ('+')('+'y)='6- (+9y)+(+y)'6='6- +9y=-, +y= =;!9#;, y=-;!9); +y=; 9; 0665 f()= +a+b -('6-) f('6-)=('6-) +a('6-)+b =0-'6+a'6-a+b =(0-a+b)+(a-)'6=0 0-a+b=0, a-=0 a=, b=- ab=

69 090 ~ 09 50% a, b 0% ab 0% æ0 ;#; [ ;#;] a=;#;, 'ƒ-æ0 {y yæ-b}, {y yæ-} -b=- b= ab=;#; =;#; æ0 æ-;%; A=[ æ-;%;] -æ0 B={ } b= y=-'ƒ-ß+ -'ƒ- 0 {y y } 0670 y='ƒ- +ß6-=" -( -Ω)- y='ƒ- +ß6- y='ƒ-, y - p=, q=- p+q= 067 y=-'ƒ-5=-æ{ - ;%; }+ y=-'ƒ-ß5 y=-'ß ;%;, y m=;%;, = m=;%; =5 5 A;B=[ -;%; ] -, -, 0,,,, y='ƒ+k+ (, ) ='8 +ßk+, '8 +ßk= 8+k= k=- y='ƒ-+ -æ0 æ { æ} a=, 'ƒ-æ0 {y yæ} b= ab= = k 0% a 0% ab 0% 0669 a+æ0 aæ- { } a<0 a -;a$;, -;a$;= a=-, (0, -) -=-'ß+b, -=-+b 067 y='ƒ- c, y d y=" - (- cω)+d='ƒ- +ßåc+d, y='aƒ++b='ƒ- +ßåc+d a=-, c=, d=b a=-, c=;!;, d=b y='ƒ- +å+b (-, -) -='ƒ++b, +b=- b=d=- abcd=(-) (-) ;!; (-)= y='aß, y - y=" a(ç- Ω)- y y=" a(- -Ω)-='ƒ-aƒ-a- y='ƒ+b+c -a=, -a=b, -=c a=-, b=6, c=- a+b+c= 069

70 RPM, 0% 0% a+b+c 0% 067 y='6ƒ+- y=0 0='ƒ6+ß-, ='ƒ6+ß 9=6+ =;#; {;#;, 0} 6+æ0 æ- { æ-} '6ƒ+æ0 {y yæ-} y='6ƒ+-=" (ç+ Ω)- y='ß -, y - y='ƒ6+ß- y ;; - O ' æ0 { } 'ƒ-æ0 {y yæ-} ( ) y='ƒ--=" -( -Ω)- y='ƒ-, y - ( ) y='ƒ-- y 5 -;; O ( ) -,, 0676 y=a'ƒ+b+c y=a' -b, y c ( ) a>0, b<0, c>0 y ( ) +bæ0 æ-b c O -b { æ-b} a<0 a' +åb 0 {y y c} ( ) y=a'ƒ+b+c y=a' -b, y c -b=-, c=- b=, c=- y=a'ƒ+-, (0, ) =a'- a=' abc=' (-)=-' -' 0678 { }, {y yæ-} y=k"a (- Ω)- (k>0, a<0) 0679 y=-'aß (a<0), y y=-" a(ç- Ω)+ yy (-, 0) 0=-" a(- -Ω)+ 'ƒ-a= a=-;$; y=-æ- ;$;( -)+=-æ- ;$; +;$; + a=-;$;, b=;$;, c= a+b+c= 0680 y=-'aå (a>0) m, y y=-" a( -mω)+=-'aƒ- am+ y=-'aƒ+b+c b=-am, c= a>0, m<0, >0 a>0, b>0, c>0 ac>0 ( ) =, -'ƒa+b+c<0 'ƒa+b>c, a+b>c >c ( c >) a+b>c ( ) =0, -'b+c<0 070

71 09 ~ 09 c<'b b>c >c c<b c>0 ;cb;> ( ) -=-'ƒa-+ 'ƒa-=, a-=9 a=6 a+b=6+0=6,,,, 068 y='ƒ- +ßa- y=' -ß, y =-, = =-, 'ƒ+a-=, 'ƒ+a=, +a=9 a=6 y='ƒ- +ß6- =, 'ƒ- +ß6-= 068 y='ƒ+- y=' -, y - 8 y='ƒ+- y - =, O 8 - m='ƒ+-= =8, M='ƒ8+-= M+m=+= 068 y='ƒ-ƒ+a+ y='ƒ-, y =-6, = =-6, 7 'ƒ+a+=7, 'ƒ+a= +a=6 a= y='ƒ-ƒ++ =, 'ƒ-ƒ++= 068 y=-'ƒ-+=-æ { -;#; }+ y=-'ƒ-+ y=-'ß ;#;, y a =, b b=-'ƒ ƒ-+ b=0, =a, - y O ;; 0685 y=-+k y='ƒ-, 'ƒ-=-+k -= -k+k -(k-)+k -=0 D D=(k-) -(k -)=0 -k+5=0 k=;%; y=-+k(, 0), 0=-+k k=, k<;%; 0686 y='ƒ- y=+k 'ƒ-=+k -= +k+k +(k-)+k +=0 D D=(k-) -(k +)=0 -k+=0 k=; ; ; ; 0687 (A;B)= y='ƒ+ y=+k y='ƒ+ y=+k, +k='ƒ+ +k+k =+ +(k-)+k -=0 D D=(k-) -(k -)=0 y y=+k " - O y="ç+ y y="ç- O y=-+k 07

72 RPM -k+9=0 k=;(; y=+k(-, 0), 0=-+k k=, k<;(; k<;(; 0% (-, 0) 0% k 0% 0690 f (-)=k f(k)=- -'ƒ-k-=-, 'ƒ-k= -k= k=;#; ;#; 069 y='ƒ+- y= 'ƒ+-= 'ƒ+=+ += ++ +=0, (+)=0 =- =0 (-, -), (0, 0) "( -) +( -)Ω =' 0688 y='ƒ- y=+k O y=+k y=+k y=+k y='ƒ-, 'ƒ-=+k -= +k+k +(k-)+k +=0 D D=(k-) -(k +)=0 -k-=0 k=-;; ;; y y="ç- 069 y=f() y=f () y= y=f(), y=f () y=f() y= 'ƒ+6= +6= --6=0, (+)(-)=0 = ( >0) (, ) a=, b= a+b=6 y -6-6 y=f () y= O y=f() y=+k(, 0) 0=+k k=-, k=-;; ;; k<- 069 fωf =f Ωf=I (I ) (f Ωf Ωf)()=(f ΩI)()=f () f ()=k f(k)= 'ƒk-=, k-=9 k= y=-'ƒ+6 {y y } { } y=-'ƒ+6 y-=-'ƒ+6 (y-) =+6 =;!;(y-) - y y=;!;(-) - ( ) a=;!;, b=-, c=-, d= abcd=;!; (-) (-) = 069 (( fωg ) Ωf)()=(gΩf Ωf)()=g() ='ƒ6-5= 0695 ((gωf) Ωg)()=( f Ωg Ωg)() =f () f ()=k f(k)= 'ƒk-+= 'ƒk-= k-= k= 07

73 09 ~ 097 0% 0% 0% 0696 (f Ωf )(a)=(fωf) (a)=9 (fωf)(9)=a -'+ (æ) f()=[ 'ƒ- (<) ( fωf)(9)=f( f(9))=f(-)='= a= '-' 0697 = =('-') =5-'6 '+' '+' y= =('+') =5+'6 '-' +y=0, y= -5y+y =( +y )-5y ={(+y) -y}-5y =(0 -)-5 =9 (-'-')(+'-') 0698 ( )= (+'+')(+'-') (-') -(') = (+') -(') (-') = ' '-'6 = (5+'å) 0699 = = =5+'å 5-'å (5-'å)(5+'å) (5-'å) y= = =5-'å 5+'å (5+'å)(5-'å) +y=0, y= ('-'y) =+y-'åy =0-' =6 >y '-'y=' 'ƒ- 'ƒy-=-" (-)(y-) - 0, y- 0 yy 'ƒ+ + =-æ 'ƒy+ y+ +æ0, y+<0 yy, -, y<- - +" (+) - y- +" y =-(-)+++y--y =0 070 {- } = ={- } + 9={- } + {- } =9-=7 0<< < - <0 - =-'7 -=-'7 +'7= 070 y='ƒ+ {y yæ0} { æ0} y='ƒ+ y =(+) y -8 = y y= -8 =;!; - (æ0) 070 y='ƒ+, y - y=" (- )+Ω-='ƒ-- -y='ƒ-- y=-'ƒ-+ a=, b=-, c= a+b+c= ' +å 070 '6ƒ æ0, -+0, +æ0, +, æ- - M=, m=- Mm= y='ƒ-=æ{ -;!;} a, y b y-b=æ{ -a -;!;} 07

74 RPM y=æ{ - a -;!;}+b y='=' 6 y='-=' 6- y='-='ß- y='߃- ='ƒ+-' + + +y+ f() f() f() f(0) =('-)+('-')+('-')+y+(' -' 0) =' - ' - -;!;, y - y=-'=-'ß+ y='ƒ-=" -( - Ω) æ0 æ { æ} 'ƒ-æ0 {y yæ-} y='ƒ-- = y= (, ) y='ƒ--=" ( - Ω)- y='ß, y - y, 0707 g (5)=k g(k)=5 'ƒk+=5 k+=5 k=6 (fωg )(5)=f(g (5))=f(6) = 6- = y=-'aå -, y y=-"a (+)+ (0, -) -=-'åa+ ='åa, 9=a a= y=-" (+)+ =-" + 9+ b=9, c= a+b+c=+9+= f() 0709 = 'ƒ++' O - 'ƒ+-' = ('ƒ++')('ƒ+-') 070 y='aß a>0 a<0 ( ) a<0 y ( ) y=' y='ß, a ( ), 07 y= b+c b(+a)-ab+c = = -ab+c +b +a +a +a =-a, y=b -a<0, b>0 a>0, b>0 c y >0 c>0 y a y='aƒ+b+c c b O -;a; 07 = '- '- '- '-(+') -' = '+;!; = '+ '- = a 07 y='aƒ-+=æ- { - }+ '- y='ƒ- y ' O y O y=' y=' 07

75 097 ~ 099 a, y =-, 'aƒ+6+= 'aƒ+6=, a+6= a=-5 a 07 'ƒ+=æ + +a a +a+ 'ƒ+=æ +a (a+) 'ƒ+=æ +a a+ 'ƒ+= ( 0<a<) " +a a 'ƒ-=æ - +a a -a+ 'ƒ+=æ +a (a-) 'ƒ+=æ +a -a+ 'ƒ+= ( 0<a<) " +a a+ -a+ 'ƒ+-'ƒ-= - " +a " +a a = " +a 075 <-'< []=[-']= -[] -'- -' + = + [] -[] -'- -' +' = + = 076 =-', y=+' y=a -b (a-b)-(a-b)'=+' a-b=, -a+b= a=, b=5 a+b= y=f() f () y= y=f(), y=f () - a y O y='ƒ-å+ y= 'ƒ-å+=, 'ƒ-å=- -= -+ -+=0, (-)(-)=0 = = P, Q (, ), (, ) PQ="( - ) + ( -) =' 078 (f Ωf )=(fωf) (f Ωf )(a)=6 (fωf)(6)=a f(6)=-'å6=-=-, f(-)=" -(-)='= a=(fωf)(6)=f(f(6))=f(-)= 079 (gωf ) (')=(fωg )(') g (')=a g(a)=' 'ƒa-=', a-=8 a= (fωg )(')=f(g (')) 6+ =f()= =7-070 y='ƒ-+=æ{ -; #;}+ a =, b b='ƒ -å+= =a, 5 'ƒa-+=5, 'ƒa-= a-=9 a=6 a+b=6+=9 07 a='5- <'5< -<'5-<0 a+>0, a-<0 =a +9 " +6a+" -6a=" a + 6a+9+" a - 6a+9 =" (a +) +" (a -) = a+ + a- =a+-(a-) =6 6 y O ;; 075

76 RPM a+, a- 0% 60% ('7+') 07 = = ='7+' '7-' ('7-')('7+') ('7-') y= = ='7-' '7+' ('7+')('7-') +y='7, y= " - y +y ="( + y) -5y =" (' 7) -5 =' ', y 0% +y, y 0% 50% (a-b) =6 yy y=f() y=f () y=f() y= 'ƒ-a+= 'ƒ-a=- -a= -+, -6++a=0 a, b a+b=6, ab=+a (a-b) =(a+b) -ab 6-(+a)=6, +a=5 a= (a, a), (b, b) a, b 0% a+b, ab 0% a 0% 07 y=" - a y="( -a )-=" - a- y=f() y=f () y= y=f() y=f () y=f() y=, " - a-= 9(-a-)= -9+9a+8=0 D D=9 -(9a+8)=0 6a=9 a=;!; 075 y='ƒmƒ+ PQ,, P(, ), ='ƒm+å, m+=9 m=8 Q(, ), ='ƒm+å, m+= m=, m m 8 a=, b=8 a+b= y y=+k y="ç- O y O P Q ;!; a 0% a 70% 07 (a, a), (b, b) ' " (a- b) +( a-b ) Ω =' y='ƒ- y=+k, 'ƒ-=+k -= +k+k +(k-)+k +=0 D D=(k-) -(k +)=0 -k-7=0 k=-;&; 076

77 099 ~ 0 y=+k(, 0), 0=+k k=-, k - k<-;&; 'ß (æ0) 077 y=" +ç Ω =[ 0 (<0) y=+k y=+k y=+k y='ß, +k='ß +k+k = +(k-)+k =0 D D =(k-) -k =0 -k+=0 k=;!; y=+k, k=0, k 0<k<;!; 078 f < f()=- æ f()=" a( -Ω)+b a>0, y = a>0, b= O a, b a=, b= y O y=+k - y=f() =,, 5, 7, 9, y 5, =-5-5 0, 5, 0, 5, 0, y 5, 0 07, a«=+(-) = 07 -, a«=-+(-) =-5 a«= a«=-5 07 a«=+(-) =+ a º= 0+= 07 a«=-+(-) 5=5-7 a º=5 0-7= 075 d a =5+(8-)d=0 d= d a =-5+(6-)d=-0 d= = 5=0 0 0{+(-)} = { +(0-) } = { +(0-) } = { +(0-) (-)} = ;^;=, 6,,, 8, y, 077

78 RPM =- -, -,, -,, y, - -;#; a«=+(-) {-;#;}=-;#;+;%; a«=-+ a«=-;#;+;%; 07 0., 0. a«=0. (0.)«=0.«a«=0.«0756 d d=;!;-;!;=;6!; 075, ' a«= (')«a«= (')«a=;!;-;6!;=;6!;, b=;!;+;6!;=;@; b-a=;@;-;6!;=;!; 076, a«= «=«a º= 077, - a«= (-)«a º= (-) (-) 078 r a =; 7;, a = ; 7; r =, r =7 r= 079 r a =, a =;8 ; r =;8 ; r=;!; ;!; (fi -) =;@;(fi -) ;@;(fi -) [-{;!;} ] =[-{;!;} -;!; ] [-{;!;} ] 075, («-) 55 =;@;(«-) ;@;(«-) - 075, ;!; [-{;!;} «] 55 =;#;[-{;!;} «] ;#;[-{;!;} «] -;!; 075 0, - a«=0+(-) (-)=-+ -+=-8 = a«=0+(-) (-)= {a«} a«{} 0 + {+} - { -} " - {" - } + { + } - {-},, 0758 {a«} a, d a =6 a+7d=6 yy a a º=5 8 8a =5a º 8(a+5d)=5(a+9d) a-5d=0 yy, a=5, d= a«=5+(-) =+ a º=_0+= {a«} a, d a =0 a+d=0 yy a = a+d= yy, a=-, d= a«=-+(-) =- -=758 = {a«} a, d a«=a+(-)d=p yy a «=a+(-)d=p yy - d=p -p 078

79 0 ~ 05 a «=a+(-)d=a+(-)d+d =p +p -p=p -p 076 {a«} d a«=-6+(-)d 6 a +a =0 (-6+d)+(-6+5d)=0 6d= d= a«=-6+(-) =-8 0 a º=_0-8= a«0% 0% a«0% a º 0%, d=-, a=7 a«=7+(-) (-)= <0 > a«=-6+(-) 5= >0 > {a«} =-9+(-) =-5 {b«} y=-+5 y= +y= f()=a ++ f(), f(), f() f()=f()+f() (a++)=(a++)+(9a++) 8a+=0a+ a= , a, a, y, a«, 00 d 00=+(+-)d, 99=(+)d 99 5 =+ d 99 5 d 99 5 d d ;ª; 076 d +(+)d=08 (+)d=05=_5_7 +=5 = 05 (+)d=05 d= + d (, d)=(, 5), (, ), (6, 5), (, 7), (, ) 076 {a«} a, d 6 a =a+d=6 yy 0 5 a º=a+9d=5 yy 0768 a-d, a, a+d (a-d)+a+(a+d)=6, a=6 a= = -6 +k+=0, k=-8 k= a-d, a-d, a+d, a+d (d>0) 8 (a-d)+(a-d)+(a+d)+(a+d)=8 a=8 a= +d=(-d) d= d=;!;, ;%;, ;&;, _;%;_;&;_=;; ;; a-d, a, a+d (d>0) 5 a+d=5 yy 079

80 RPM (a+d) =(a-d) +a a(a-d)=0 a=d ( a+0) a=d a=, d= 9,, 5 ;!;_9_=5 ;; ;; {a«} a, d a =a+5d= yy a =a+7d=6 yy, a=, d=6 80 { +(-) 6 } 555= =0, (-8)(+5)=0 =8 =-: ;: =8 077, a«=+(-) =+ +=9 =9 9(+9) S ª= =99-8, 5 a«=-8+(-) 5=5-5-= = (-8+) S = = , d (50-0) S«= =0 = a = d=-0, 0d=-60 d= % 50% a + a + a +y+ a º = y+ - =(6+++0)+(++y+) 6(+) =+ = a +a +y+a«+(-) =+(-0)+(-)=-0 (+){+(-)}, 555=-0 += = ,, (+) (+)(-9+) =, (+)= += =9-9+(-)d= d= =9, d= 0776 {a«} a, d 0{ a+(0-)d} S º= 555=5 a+9d=9 yy 0{ a+(0-)d} S º-S º= 555-5=5 a+9d=59 yy, a=, d= 0 0{ +(0-) } S º-S º= S º-S º=5-590= {a«} a, d 5{ a+(5-)d} S = 555 =5a+0d=70 a+d= yy 0{a+(0-)d} S º= 5555=5(a+9d)=90 a+9d=8 yy, a=0, d= 5{ 0+(5-) } S = 55555= {a«} d a =6, a º=- 6+(0-)d=- d=- a«=6+(-) (-)= , 7,, y, 97, 5 a«080

81 06 ~ 08 a«=+(-) 5= (+97) 55= , 8,, 6, y, 00, 00, 5 5(+00) 555=00 00, {a«} d S a æ0, a <0 00+6dæ0, 00+7d<0 -;; ;; d<-;; º7º;;, -6.5 d<-5.88 d d=-6 a º=00+(0-) (-6)= ,, 7,, 9, 5, y 8,, 9, 7, 5, y, 5, 59, y {a«}, 8{ +(8-) } a +a +y+a = 55= , 6, 9, y, 57, 57, 9 9(+57) 55 =570 60, 8,, y, 56, 56, (+56) 55 =0, 60,, 6, 8, 8, (+8) 55 = = a«=-;%;+(-) ;!;=;N;-;; 6 ;; a«=;n;-;; 6 ;;>0 >;; ;;= {a«} a, d a = a+d= yy a =-9 a+d=-9 yy, a=9, d=- a«=9+(-) (-)=-+<0 > =0.5, 0 0{ 9+9 (-)} S º= = , a, a, a, y, a«, 59,, (+) S«(+)(59+) S«= =55 +=0 =8 0 d 59+(0-)d= d=- 59, a, a, a, y, a«,, y 59, - b«b«=59+(-) (-)=-+6 b«=-+6<0 >0., 0 p=0, q 0{ 59+9 (-)} q= =60 p+q=0+60= S«=- + a =S =-+=- a º=S º-Sª =( )-( ) =-55 a +a º=--55=-56 08

82 RPM 0787 S«=a +a +y+a«= +a a =S -S =(8 +8a)-(7 +7a) =5+a, T«=b +b +y+b«= + b =T -T =( 8 +8)-( 7 +7) = a =b 5+a= a= S«=-(-) +k æ, a«=s«-s«a«=-(-) +k-{-(-) +k} a«=-+5 yy =, a =S =-+k a =-+k = -+k=-+5 k= a =-+= a +k=+=7 7 a =_ =, a =_ = 7 a 7 = = =, a ;!; 079 ;!;, =- ;!; a«=;!; (-)«, ;!; (-)«=56 (-)«=0=(-) -=0 = 56 '+, ='- '+ a«=('+)('-)«a ºº=('+)('-) =('+)('-)('-) =('-) ('-) 0789 S«= + æ, a«=s«-s«a«= +-{(-) +(-)} a«=+ =, a =S =+ =, a«=+ (æ) a «=(-)+= (+) a +a +a +y+a «= 55= + +=0 +-0=0, (-)(+5)=0 = =-5 æ = 0790 {a«} a, r a =ar= yy a =ar =6 yy r =8 r= r= a= a º=ar = =5 079 a«=_ «079 {a«} r (a +a ) (a +a )= ' (a +a r) (a r +a r )= r = ' r =' a a =a r a rfl = r a a = (r ) = 079 {a«} a, r a =ar = yy a =arfi = yy r =8 r= ( r ) ar = a = a= a«= «=««>000 =0, =08 -æ æ {a«} a, r a +a =a+ar= a(+r)= yy a a +a a =a ar+a ar =a r(+r)= yy ar= a a a =a ar ar =a r =(ar) = =6 08

83 08 ~ {a«} a, r a ar a ar a ar = =r, = =r, y, = =r a ar a ar a ar a a a a + + +y+ =0r =0 a a a a r = a º ar = =r =(r ) = = a º ar r 0% r 0% a º a º 0% 0797 {a«} a, r a«=ar«a«-a«=ar«-ar«=(-r)ar«{a«-a«} (-r)a r r=- (-r)a=8 a= a«= (-)«a = (-)= r 0 0=r r =0 a, a º, a =r, a º=r a a º=(r) (r )=r = 0= (+) 79 8 { } «± = 79 { } «± = ={ } 656 +=8 = r r = a =r, a =r, a =r, y, a º=r a a a y a º=r _r _r _y_r =r ± ± ± y ± =rfi fi =(r )fi =fi = 080 r 6, 5 a =6r =, r = r= 6 r=, =6 =8, y=8 =, z= = r=-, =6 {- }=-8, y=(-8) {- }=, z= {- }= a, ar, ar a+ar+ar =a(+r+r )= yy a ar ar =(ar) =7 ar= yy a= r (+r+r )=, r -0r+=0 r (r-)(r-)=0 r= r= a=9 a=,, a, ar, ar a+ar+ar =k yy a r+a r +a r =56 yy a ar ar =6 yy (ar) =6 ar= yy ar(a+ar+ar )=56, k=56 k= 080 y= y=k =k, k=0 a, ar, ar a+ar+ar =a(+r+r )= yy a r+a r +a r =a r(+r+r )=-6 yy a ar ar =a r =(ar) =-5+k yy ar=- (-) =-5+k k= y= + +, y= +k + += +k, 08

84 RPM - +-k=0 a, ar, ar a+ar+ar =a(+r+r )= yy a r+a r +a r =a r(+r+r )= yy a ar ar =a r =(ar) =k yy ar= =k k= , +, + (+) =(-)(+) ++= =0 ;&; ;&; 080 a+b=6, ab= a, p,b p=a+b=6 p= a, q,b q =ab= q= ( q>0), -(+)+ =0-5+6=0 08 a, r ar = yy arfi = yy r =;8!; r=;!; a {;!;} = a=8 S 8, ;!; 0807 f()=a+, f(0)=a, f(-)= a+, a, a =(a+), a -a-=0 a 0 8 [-{;!;} ] S= 55=56 [-{;!;} ]=56-;!; -;!; [S]= ,, a =a a=9, b, 8 b =6 b=6 ( b>0),, c =c c= c(=),, d =_d d=6 a+b+c+d= , a, b a=+b b=a- yy a, ', b (') =ab yy =a(a-) a -a-=0, (a-)(a+)=0 a=;#; a=- a a=- a=- b=- a +b = = «= ( -) - S = 55 = 5 - a(r -) 08 S = =9 yy r- a(rfl -) S = =-6 r- a(r -)(r +) =-6 yy r- 9(r +)=-6, r =-8 r=- r=- a{(-) -} =9 a= , [-{ } ] 0 0 S º= = {- }

85 0 ~, ' 0 {(') -} S º= = ('+) '- 0 {+ }+{+ }+{6+ }+y+{0+ } 8 =(++6+y+0)+{ + + +y+ } 8 [-{ } ] 0( +9 ) = + - =-{ } = y+77y7 0 7 = ( y+99y9) = {(0-)+(0 -)+(0 -)+y+(0 -)} 9 7 = {( y+0 )-0} 9 7 0(0 -) = [ -0] = { } = (0-00) {- } ('+) (0-00) 8 ( {a«} a, r a(r -) 5 = yy r- ar (r -) 5 = yy r- r =6 0 ar (r -) a(r -) 5 =(r ) 5 =6 =7 r- r- 086 {a«} a, r, S«a(r -) S º= 5 = yy r- a +a +y+a º=S º-S º S º=S º+6=66 () ( 9 a(r -) S º= 5 r- a(r -)(r +) S º= 5 =66 yy r- r +=, r = r=' ( r>0) 087 {a«} a, r a(rfi -) S = 5 =9 yy r- a(r -) S º= 5 r- a(rfi -)(rfi +) S º= 5 =069 yy r- rfi +=, rfi = r= r= a= (fl -) S = 55=89-89 S a, r 0% S º a, r 0% a, r 0% S 0% 088 {a«} [ ] a«[ ] a, r a«a(-r ) T = 55=;!; yy -r a(-rfl ) T = 55 -r a(-r )(+r ) T = 555 = yy -r +r = r = a(-r ) a(-r )(+r +rfl ) Tª= 55= 55 -r -r Tª=;!;(++ )=;; ;; ;; ;; S«{(+)«-} (+)«- S«= = +- (+)«- 085

86 RPM 080 S«, + +, +0, + [-{ } «] + S«= =(+)[-{ } «] S«=+-{ } «+ =, =0, + 0 S«= { } «, = {a«} a, r a =ar= yy a =ar = yy r =8 r= ( r ) r= a= a=;#; S«;#;(«-) S«= 55=;#;(«-) - S«>70 ;#;(«-)>70, «->80 «>8 =56, =5 æ S«[-{ } «] S«= =- «- -S«<0.0 -{- } <0.0 «<, «>00 «00 fl =6, =8 -æ7 æ8 8 5«- 08 S«+=5«S«= 55 æ, a«=s«-s«5«- 5«- a«= 55 -{ 555 } 5«a«= 5(5-)= 5«=, 5 - a =S = 55 =, a«= 5«(æ) a=, r=5 a-r=- 08 S«=a«+ yy S«=a«+ yy - S«-S«=(a«-a«) a«=(a«-a«), a«=a«a«=;$;a«(æ) {a«} ;$; a =a _{;$;} =7_{;$;} = S«=Ar«+B(A, B ) A+B=0 S«=«± -= «- S«={;!;} «-= {;!;} «- S«=;!;-{;!;} «± =;!;-;!; {;!;} «S«=5«-;5!;=;5!; 5«-;5!; S«+=0 «S«=0 «-=00«-,,, 086 æ, a«=s«-s«a«=«+k-(«+k) a«= «yy =, a =S =+k yy = a =;@; +k +k=;@; k=-;!; -;!; 086

87 ~ 087 S S=0fl (+0.05)+0fl (+0.05) +y+0fl (+0.05) 0fl (+0.05){(+0.05) -} = fl _.05_0.6 = 0.05 =60() S=0fl +0fl (+0.05)+y+0fl (+0.05) 0fl {(+0.05) -} = fl _0.6 = 0.05 =00() a(+0.0)+a(+0.0) +y+a(+0.0) a_.0_(.0 -) = 555= _0.0 a= 555.0(.0 -) 0000 a= =766. ( ).0(.-) a a, 5 a(+0.){(+0.)fi -} =6.6a aæ aæ? (+0.0) =50_.0 =50_. =56.5() yy a a+a(+0.0)+y+a(+0.0) a(.0 -) a(.-) = 55 = =a yy 56.5=a a=. () (+0.)+0(+0.) +y+0(+0.) 0(. -) 0(.59-) = 5 = =8() yy a 0 a(+0.) =.59a yy.59a=8 a=. () (+0.06) =500_.06 =500_.8 =500() yy a 0 a(+0.06)+a(+0.06) +y+a(+0.06) a(.06 -) 0 = = a( ) yy.06-0 a=500 a=7.5() ;;!; ' 08 {a«} r a«_ «r= = = = a«_ ««± «085 {a«} a, d, S«a º=a+9d=-5 yy 0(a+9d) S º= 55 =70 yy, a=, d=- 0{ +9 (-)} S º= 55 = {a«} a, d a =a+d=-5 yy a º=a+9d=-0 yy, a=-7, d= a«=-7+(-) =-50-50>0 >50 087

88 RPM > {a«} a a =a (')fi =8 9'a=8 a=' a«=' (') - a«=(') + ={(') } =(') a =(') k+ =(') k+=8 k=6 088 a =S = +p = p= S«= + a =S -S a =( + )-( + )=5, {a«} d=a -a =5-= p+d=+= 08 {a«} a, d a =a+d= yy aª=a+8d=-8 yy, a=, d=-0 a«=+(-) (-0)= >0 < =, a =S =a+b æ, a«=s«-s«a«=a«+b-(a«+b) a«=a«(a-) {a«} a-, a a= a+b=a- b=- a +b =0 089 a, r a =ar=, a =ar = 6 a ar 6 = = = a ar 8 r = ={ } r= 8 a =ar= a = a= 0 [-{ } ] =-{ } r, S«(-r«) -r«s«= 55= 55 -r -r -r r«s«= 55 -r -r S«= 555= -r -r=-r r=- 5 ar = (-) = 08 f() - R f()=(-)q()+r yy R=f()=++y+= = f()=q()+r Q()=f()-R =( + +y++)- ( -) = - - =06 08 {a«} a, r a(r -) S º= 555= yy r- a(r -) S º= 555 r- a(r -)(r +r +) S º= 555 =5 yy r- r +r +=, r +r -=0 (r -)(r +)=0 r = ( r >0) a(r -) a(r -)(r +) S º= 555= 55 r- r- S º=_(+) S º= S«= + 088

89 ~ 6 æ, a«=s«-s«= +-{(-) +(-)} =+ yy =, a =S = + = a =, a =8, a =, y, aªª=00 a +a +a +y+aªª, 00, 50 50(+00) a +a +a +y+aªª= = (+) 0 S«S«=-0+0+0=0 (+)(-0+0) S«= =0 0(+)=0, += = 087 {a«} a, r a =arfi = yy aª=ar = yy 56 ar = = arfi 56 8 r = ={ } r= 8 arfi = a { } fi = a= a«= { } «0.00 { } «<0.00, < «000 «>000 =08, =096 -æ æ d A=a, B=a+d, C=a+d, 80 a+(a+d)+(a+d)=80, (a+d)=80 a+d=60 B= a 5 a+a(+r)+a(+r) + y`+a(+r) a{(+r)fi -} = =0 (+r)- 0 r a= (+r)fi {a«}, {b«} -, a, b a«=a+(-) (-)=-++a b«=b+(-) =-+b a«+b«=(-++a)+(-+b) =(a+b)+(-) (-5) {a«+b«} A a, r 0 a(+r) = 0 0 yy a(+r) = 0 yy (+r) = yy (+r)fi =' a= 0 a=;!; 0 A 5 a(+r) fi =a {(+r)fi } =;!; 0 (') a(+r) fi =. 0 =000( ) a a(+0.)+a(+0.) +a(+0.) +a(+0.) +a(+0.)fi.a(.fi -) = 55.-.a(.6-) = =6.6a=00 00 a= =500() y=(+)(-) y=k + -=k + --k=0 a, b, c a, b, c a=b-d, c=b+d (b-d)+b+(b+d)=- b=-, b=- + --k=0 -++-k=0 k=

90 RPM 085 {a«} a, r a +a +a +a +a = a+ar+ar +ar +ar = a(+r+r +r +r )= yy, a a a a a = a ar ar ar ar = afi r =(ar )fi = ar = yy a a a a a = a ar ar ar ar = (+r+r +r +r ) ar = a(+r+r +r +r ) (ar ) = (, ) = S«= -+ æ, a«=s«-s«=( -+)-{(-) -(-)+} =- yy =, a =S =-+= a = = a =, a«=- (æ) a = -= ( ) a = -=, a = -=5 a -a =-=0, a -a =5-= a -a +a -a ( ) a«=->00 >5.5 5 ( ) 0856 {a«} a, r a +a +a =5 a+ar+ar =a(+r+r )=5 a +a +a =0 yy ar +ar +arfi =ar (+r+r )=0 yy r =6 8 a +a ar +arfi = a +a a+ar = =r = {a«} a, d a =8 a+d=8 yy a =-0 a+7d=-0 yy, a=, d=- a«=+(-) (-)= <0 >. ar (+r ) a(+r ) 0% r 0% 0% 5 a =, a =, a =-, a º=-6 a + a + a + y`+ a º =(a +a +a +a )-(a +a + y`+a º) (a +a ) 6(a +a º) = - 6 (-7) = - =0 0 a«0% 0% 50% 0858,, a, ar, ar 8 (a+ar+ar )=8 a+ar+ar =7 yy 8 a ar ar =8, a r =(ar) =8 ar= yy (a ar+ar a+ar ar) 090

91 6 ~ 7 =(a r+a r +a r )=ar(a+ar+ar ) = 7=8 (, ) 8, d =, d= =, d= d +=,, a, r 0% a+ar+ar 0% ar 0% 0% 0859 d a+b=a+(a+d)=(a+d)+(a+d) =+y=5 yy r ab=a ar =ar ar =pq=6 yy, a, b t t -5t+6=0 (t-)(t-)=0 t= t= a<b a=, b= a -b =-9=-5-5 a+b 0% ab 0% a, b 50% a -b 0% (+0.08) yy a 0 a+a(+0.08)+y+a(+0.08) a(.08 -) = yy.08- a(.08 -) 5000_.08 = _.08 _0.08 a=?5() {a«} a, r a(-r«) a +a +a +y+a«= =0 -r a «+a «+a «+y+a «=ar «+ar «± +ar «± +y+ar «ar «(-r«) a(-r«) = = r «-r -r =0r «=70 r «=9 (r«) = {a«} r«= a«+a«+a«+y+a «=ar«+ar«± +ar«± +y+ar «ar«(-r«) a(-r«) = = r«-r -r =0_= a +a +a +a =6 a«+a«+a«+a«= a +a +a +a +a«+a«+a«+a«=6+=80 {a«} a +a«=a +a«=a +a«=a +a«(a +a«)=80 a +a«=5 (a +a«) =70 5 =70 = ;9*; 9 {;9*;} 9 {;9*;} «9 0 {;9*;} 8 9= 5 = 5 9 p=0, q=8 p+q= a«=+(-)d=d d-5d=- (-5)d=- 09

92 RPM k= k= 5 = yy 0866 = fi i= = yy 0867 k = + + +y+ yy k= =5+5+5+y+5 yy j= y+ = y+7= (k-) (k-) = ;!;+;!;+y+;!;= ;k!; ;k!; (a +b )= a + b k= (a -b )= a - b k= (5a +)=5 a + k= 0 = + = = -=5 5 =5 + 0= (k+)= k+ k= k= k= 0 = 5 + 0= (6k -)=6 k - k= ( \\ { \\ 0 0 k= 5 0 k= k= \ 9 0 k= 0 k= 9 k= 6 k= k= 0 0 k= 5 0 k= k= 0 k= 5 6 =6-5= k= 0 k= 6 k= k= 0878 (k -k+) 0 = k - k+ k= 0 k= 0 0 = = = (k-)(k+)= (6k -k-) k= 0 k= =6 k - k = =-6-8 = a«a«= ( )= k = =0 0 k= a«a«= ( )= k ={ 5} =5 =05 05 k= 088 a«a«=(+) (+) =5 +=5 = ( )= (k+) k= = (k +8k+6) k= = k +8 k+ 6 k= 0 k= = = = y (-)(+) = 555 k= (k-)(k+) =;!; { } k= k- k+ k= =;!;[{-;!;}+{;!;-;5!;}+{;5!;-;7!;} +y+{ }] - + =;!;{- 555}= k= 8 k= k= 8 k= 8 k= 09

93 9 ~ y (+) = 555 k= k(k+) =;!; {;k!;- 555} k= k+ =;!;[{-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;5!;} +y+{ }+{;!; }] =;!;{+;!; } + + (+)(+)-(+)-(+) =;!; (+)(+) = (+)(+) (+)(+) k= (k+)(k+) 0 = { } k= k+ k+ ={;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; ;-; ;} =;!;-; ;=; ; k= 0 = { } k= k- k ={;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 9;-; 0;} ; ; =-; 0;=;!0(; ;!0(; 0887 S=+ + +y > S=+ + +y S=+ + +y = = --0 =-9 - S= (), (, ), (,, ), (,,, ), y (+) +++y+= =9 5 (k-)k 00 9 (,,, y, ) a =a +a +a +`y`+a ª+a º =(a +a )+(a +a )+`y`+(a ª+a º) = (a +a ) =5 0 = a =a +a +a +y+aªª 99 a =a +a +a +y+a ª k= 99 a =a +a +a +y+a ªª k= 50 a =a +a +a +y+a º k= 50 a =a +a +a +y+aªª k= y+(+)= k 9 ++y+5= (k-) ( \\ \ 9 +++y+«= ( \\ \ = (-) ( \\ 0 k= a«=(-)«9,,, y, { } «9, a«=9 { } «= { } «={ } «9+++y+{ } «= { } k= k= ( \\ 8 { \\\ { \\\ a«=k- \ \9 ( \\ 9 (+) { \\ { \\ a«=«6 { \\ { \\ ( \\ 0 k= \ { \\ 8 k= \ 9 \ \\ (+) ( \\ \ 9 { \\ a«=k ( \\ \ 9 \ \ \9 + k= 6 k= \ \\ { \\ k { \\ (k-) ( \\ \ \\ 089 (a +a ) k= =(a +a )+(a +a )+(a +a ) +y+(aª +aªª)+(aªª+a ºº) =(a +a +a +y+aªª+a ºº)-(a +a ºº) 00 = a -(+99) k= + k= \ \\ \ 9 ( \\ 09

94 RPM, a -(+99)=00 a =00 a = (a +b ) = (a +a b +b ) = a + a b + b =0 yy (a -b ) = (a -a b +b ) k= = a - a b + b =8 yy - a b = a b = 089 (a +b -)= a + b a - a«= a + b -0 = =- =(a +a +y+a º )-(a +a +y+a º º) =a º -a =05-5= ka =00 a +a +a +y+9a ª+0a º=00 yy 9 ka =00 k= a +a +a +y+9a º=00 yy - a +a +y+a º=00 00 k= k= 0 a =a +a +y+a º k= 00 k= k= 0 k= 00 k= 0 k= k= k= k= 0 = 00 k= k= k= k= 0 k= 0 k= =00 00 k= k= 0 k= 0 k= k= 0 k= 0897 (k-) + (k) 0 = (8k -k+) k= =8 k - k+ 0 0 = = =870 (k-) + (k) =( + +y+9 )+( + +y+0 ) = + + +y = k = 55=870 k= (k -k+)+ (i +i-) 0 = (k -k+)+ (k +k-) 0 = k = k k= 0 = 555 = (k+ )= k+ 0 0 k= k= ( +k)- ( +k) k= 0 ka =00 0% k= 9 ka =00 0% k= a +a +y+a º 0% 0 a 0% k= 0 = k+ = ( +k)= + k k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 0 k= 0 k= k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 ( -) = =56 ( -) 0 = =06+65 = (k-c)(k-c) k= 0 k= 0 i= 0 k= 0 k= 0 k= 0 0 k= k= 09

95 0 ~ = (k -ck+c ) 0905 S«= a = k= k= = k -c k+ c k= k= k= = 5555-c 55 +c 6 =c -98c+0 =(c-9) + c=9, a«=s«-s«a«= -(-) a«=- (æ) a =S = = a«=- (æ) 5 a = (k-) = (k -k+) k= 5 k= 5 k= y+= k= k- k k=6 k= k= (+) 5 6 = 55- =;!;( +)-5=05 +-0=0, (+6)(-5)=0 =5 ( ) 090 a«a«=(-) ( )= k(-k) = k- k 0 0 = =0-870= a«a«= (+) a = k (k+)= (k +k ) k= k= 0 = k + k k= 0 ={ } =05+85= a«a«=(-) = - ( )= (k -k) 0 0 k= k= 0 k= 0 0 k= 0 = k - k k= 0 k= 0 k= k= 0 0 = =50-0=0 0 5 = k - k = =0-60+5= S«= a = 5 k= + a«=s«-s«- a«= 5-5= 55 (æ) + (+) a =S = =;!; + a«= 55 (æ) (+) = k(k+)= k + k k= a k= k= k= 0 0 = =85+55=0 S«= a =(+) a«=s«-s«=(+)-(-) = (æ) a =S = a«= (æ) a = (k) = k k= k= (+)(+) (+)(+) = 5555 = S«= a = - a«=s«-s«a«=( -)-{(-) -(-)} a«=- (æ) a =S = - =- a«=- (æ) 5 k= k= k= 5 k= k= 5 k= (+)(+)

96 RPM 5 k a = k ( k-)= (k -k ) k= 5 6 k a = { } k a =900-65= a, a, a, y, a«+ a +a +y+a«55 =+ a +a +y+a«=(+), S«= a =(+) a«=s«-s«a«=(+)-(-) a«= (æ) a =S = (+)= a«= (æ) 0 a = k= 6k=6 k k= 0 =6 5 =0 k= 0909 { k}= l= =;!; (l +l) (+)(+) (+) =;!;[ 5 + 5] 6 (+)(+) = 55 =56 6 (+)(+)=6 7 8 = { i k}= [i { k}] i= k= i= k= = {i 5 } i= m l =5 i 09 [ { }]= { l} m= 0 k= l k= 5 5 k= l= k= 0 k= l= l(l+) 5 l= 0 0 i= 0 =5 5= m= m(m+) = [ 5 ] m= = (m +m) m= 5 m 5 k= 0 k= l= = =0+0= =0 m, m+=7, m=0 m [ (i+j)]= { i+ j} i= m (+) = [i+ 55 ] i= m m (+) = i+ 55 i= i= m(m+) m(+) = m(m++) = 55 0(7+) = 55 = y+555y5 0 =;9%;( y+999y9) 0 =;9%;{(0-)+(0 -)+y+(0 -)} 0 =;9%; (0 -) k= j= 0(0 -) =;9%;[ 5-0] = 55 8 a=50, b=950 a+b=50+950= y+777y7 =;9&; ( y+999y9} =;9&; {(0-)+(0 -)+y+(0«-)} =;9&; (0 -) k= 0(0«-) =;9&;[ 555 -] 0- =;8 ; {0«± -(9+0)} A=9+0 m i= j= m+, m 0% ; 50% 0% ( { 9 ( { 9 j= ( { 9 ( { 9 096

97 ~ k a a =k{-(k-)}=-k +(+)k ( ) = a = {-k +(+)k} =- k +(+) k (+)(+) (+) = (+) 5 6 (+)(+) = a = a =+_ a =+_+_ a =+_+_+_ A=9+0 a«=+++y+ = k= k (+) a«= 55=;!;( + ) a = ;!;(k +k )=;!; { k + k } k= k= k= k= 8 9 a =;!;[{ } ] 6 a =;!;(96+0)=750 k= k= k= 8 k= 8 k= k= (+)(+) a«50% 8 50% 097 a«= 55= y+ (+) a«= 55 ={;!;- } (+) {;k!;- } k= k+ =[{-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{;9 99;-;0 00;}] = {-;0 00;}=;!0(0(0(; 098 a«= 5 =;!;{ 5-5} (-)(+) - + a =;!; { 5-5} k= k= k- k+ =;!;[{;!;-;5!;}+{;5!;-;8!;}+{;8!;-; ;}+y +{ 5-5}] - + =;!; {;!;- 5}= 5 + (+) 099 (gωf )()=g( f())=g(+) =(+-)(++) =(+) 8 5 = (gωf )() 8 = 55 = (+) = {;!;- 5 } = + =[{-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; ;-; ;}] = {-; ;}=;; 6 ;; ;; 6 ;; 096 a«=;!;(+++y+) (+) + a«=;!; 55 = k+ a = 5=;!; (k+) k= k= k= a =;!; { } a = 5{ 5+}= a= a«= 55= y+ (+)(+) a«= =6{;!;- 55} (+) a =6 {;k!;- 55} k= k= k+ =6[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 0;-; ;}] =6 {-; ;}=;^); ;^); 097

98 RPM 09 a«= 'ƒ+-'ƒ+ = 55 ('ƒ++'ƒ+)('ƒ+-'ƒ+) =-('ƒ+-'ƒ+) ='ƒ+-'ƒ+ S«= ('ƒk+-'ƒk+ ) S«=('-' )+('-')+y+('ƒ+-'ƒ+ ) S«='ƒ+-'=', 'ƒ+=' +=8 =6 6 '-'ƒ+ 09 a«= 555 = 555 '+'ƒ+ ('+'ƒ+)('-'ƒ+) ='ƒ+-' 8 8 a = ('ƒk+-'k) k= a =('-)+('-')+y+(' 9-' 8 ) a =' 9- a =7-=6 09 a«=+(-) = 555 = 555 'ƒa +' a 'ƒk++' k 'ƒk+-' k = 555 ('ƒk++' k )('ƒk+-' k ) 'ƒk+-' k = k= =;!; ('ƒk+-' k ) =;!; {('-' )+('6-')+y+(' -' 0 )} =;!;(' -')=;!;('-')=;#;' 09 k= 555 'ƒa +' a 5 k= 80 k= 8 k= 80 ('ƒk--'ƒk+) = ('ƒk-+'ƒk+)('ƒk--'ƒk+) ='ƒk+-'ƒk- 'ƒk-+'ƒk+ = ('ƒk+-'ƒk-) k= 55 'ƒ++'ƒ+ 'ƒk-+'ƒk+ =('-0)+('-)+('-')+ y +('8å0-'7å8)+('8å-'7å9) =0-+'8å0+'8å =8+'5 ('ƒk+-'k) = ='ƒk+-'k 'ƒk++'k (k+)-k ( )=('8å-'7å9)+('7å9-'7å7) +('7å7-'7å5)+y+('å-'9) ='8å-'9 =9-=6 8+' S«= a =;!; (+)(+) k= a«=s«-s«a«=;!; (+)(+)-;!;(-)(+) a«=(+) (æ) a =S =;!; = a«=(+) (æ) = 5 k= a k= k(k+) 0 = {;k!;- 555 } k= k+ ={;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 0;-; ;} =-; ;=;!); ;!); 096 S«= a = - k= a«=s«-s«= --{(-) -(-)} =(-)(æ) a =S =0 a«=(-)(æ) 6 6 = k= a k= k(k+) 6 =;!; { - } k= k- k =;!;[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{;5!;-;6!;}] =;!;{-;6!;} =; 8; 097 S«= + a«=s«-s«a«=( +)-{(-) +(-)} 098

99 ~ 5 a«=+ (æ) a =S =+=5 a«=+ (æ) 5 5 ( )= 5= 55 k= a a k= (k+)(k+5) 5 =;!; { 5-5} k= k+ k+5 =;!;[{;5!;-;9!;}+{;9!;-; ;}+y +{; ;-; 5;}] =;!; {;5!;-; 5;}=; 5; 098 S«= a = + k= a«=s«-s«a«= +-{(-) +(-)} a«=+ (æ) a =S =+=5 a«=+ (æ) 0 0 = 5555 k= a a k= (k+)(k+5) 0 =;!; { 5-5} k= k+ k+5 =;!;[{;5!;-;7!;}+{;7!;-;9!;}+y+{; ;-; 5;}] =;!; {;5!;-; 5;}=; 5; ; 5; 099 S=++ + +y+«-> S= + + +y+(- )«+«(-)S=++ + +y+ «-«-«= -«- -«-(-)«= - (-) S=-«-(-)«(-) S=-(+)«+«± 090 S -S= y+0 -> S= y S= y+ -0 ( -) -S= -0 = S=-9 - S= S S= ;!;+ {;!;} + {;!;} +y+ {;!;} «- ;!;S= ;!;+ {;!;} + {;!;} +y+(-) {;!;} «+ {;!;} «± ;@;S= ;!;+ {;!;} + {;!;} +y+{;!;} «- {;!;} «± ;!;[-{;!;} «] ;@;S= - {;!;} «± -;!; ;@;S=;!;[-{;!;} «]- {;!;} «± ;@;S=;!;- {;!;+;N;} «+ S=;#;- «a=, b=, c= abc= S S= i+ i + i + i +y+00 i -> is= i+ i + i + i +y+99 i +00 i (-i)s= i+ i + i + i +y+99 i -00 i i(i -) (-i)s= -00 i i- (-i)s=-00i ( i =, i =i) -00i -00i(+i) S= = -i (-i)(+i) -00i+00 S= S=50-50i a=50, b=-50 a+b=0 09 (), (, ), (5,, ), (7, 5,, ), y (+) +++y+= =, = {a«},, 5, 7, y a«=- a = -=7, (9-) (-)=

100 RPM (), (, ), (,, ), (,,, ), (5, 5, 5, 5, 5), y a«(+) a«= k= k= a = =78 m= (+) k= k= =, = m= (97, 98, 99, 500, y) l= m+l=+=6 6 m 50% l 0% m+l 0% (+) (k-)= -= k= 0 = (+) (-) k+ k= + = k= k= k = =85 k= (), {;!;, ;@;}, {;!;, ;@;, ;#;}, y ; ; 8 (+) +++y+= =, = =99 ; ; { }, {, }, {,, }, {,,, }, y + 7 7, y+0= = =7 7 5 (+) +++y+= =, =66 70 p+= p p= {;!;}, {;!;, ;@;}, {;!;, ;@;, ;#;}, {;5!;, ;5@;, ;5#;, ;5$;}, y + ;!!; +++y+= =78 ;!!; {;!;}, {;!;, ;#;}, {;8!;, ;8#;, ;8%;, ;8&;}, y «+++y+«= k= «- = =«

101 5 ~ 7 5 fi -= m- m 6 9 «_9-7 = a=6, b=7 fl 6 a+b= {(, )}, {(, ), (, )}, {(, ), (, ), (, )}, y +, k (k, +-k) (, 5)7 a=7, b= a+b= {(, 0), (0, )}, {(, 0), (, ), (0, )}, {(, 0), (, ), (, ), (0, )}, y (8, 6) 7 +++y+= (k+) = + =0 (8, 6) 0+7= 09 {(, ), (, )}, {(, ), (, ), (, )}, {(, 8), (, ), (, ), (8, )}, y «, + +++y+(+)= (k+) (+) +++y+(+)= + (+) +++y+(+)= 5 =, = k (, «± ) 0 (, ) a=, b= k= k= a-b= - =96 09 (), (,, ), (5, 6, 7, 8, 9), y (k-)= -9=8 k= 0 8+= ,, 6, 8, 0,,, 6, 8, 0, y k k y+8= =6 9 6+=0 0_= (), (, ), (, 6, 9), y, a«a«=+++y+ (+) (+) a«= k= k= = k= k= k (k+) a = k= k= a =;!; (k +k ) 8 9 a =;!;[{ } ]= ,, 9, 6, y 8 8 =6 8 k= = (A ), (A, A, A ), (A, A, A, A, Aª), y - (+) (k-)= -= k= (, ) += 0

102 RPM k= 099,, 5, 7, 9, y,, 7, 0,, y, 5, 9,, 7, y, (0-) 50= (a +b )= {(a +b ) -a b } k= k= = (a +b ) - a b k= =0-6=8 k= 5 = { - } = = a«= =;!; { - } (-)(+) ;!; { - } k= k- k+ =;!;[{-;!;}+{;!;-;7!;}+y+{; 8;-; ;}] =;!;{-; }=;!; ;#);=;!); (a +b )= a + b k= 0 k= 0 ={ a - a }+{ b - b } k= 0 k= 0 k= =(55-5)+(0-5) =0+5 =55 0 k= 0 k= 095 a =S -S =( +8 )-( + ) =0-= (k +k)- (k +k) = (k +k)=( +)+( +)=8 8 k= 8 k=5 00 k= 00 k= 0957 a«=(-)(+)= - ( )= (k -) ( )= k - 0 k= 0 ( )= -0 6 ( )=50-0=50 0 k= 0 k= y+(-5) a«=+(-) =-, -5(-) ++7+y+(-5)= (k-) +5+7+y+(-) a«=+(-) =+, -(-) +5+7+y+(-)= (k+) a«=(+) y+0 = k(k+), - k= - k= 095 ( ) 0 90 = { - } k= k+ k+5 5 = [{ - }+{ - }+y+{ - }] k=, 0958 k=++++5 k=++++5 k=++++5 k= k= k = k= 5 k= 5 k= 5 k= 5 k=5 5 k= 0959 { k+- }= {«} = k= { k+- 5 («-) }= [«] = - { k+- }= «(«± -) { k+- 5 }= ( «-«) = 5 = 5 = k= 0

103 7 ~ 9 { k+- }= («-«) { k+- (fi -) (fi -) }= { k+- (0-) (-) }= =6-6 = l«='ƒ+-' 0 l«= ('ƒ+-') = =('-)+('-')+('-')+y +(' -' 0) =' -=-= (j+)=+ (j+)-(+) = (k+)- = (k+)- = (k+), (i+6)= (k+6) (5k+)+ (j+)- (i+6) k= = (5k+)+ (k+)- (k+6) = {(5k+)+(k+)-(k+6)} = (k-) 096 a«= = (+) -(+) (+) = a = { - } k= k= k k+ 096 = = k= k= i= k= k= k= 0 = - j=0 ={;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 0;-; ;} =-; ;=;!); k= - j=0 f(k) k= k= 'ƒk++'ƒk+ k= k= k= 'ƒk+-'ƒk+ ('ƒk++'ƒk+)('ƒk+-'ƒk+) 5 = j= i= k= k= = ('ƒk+-'ƒk+ ) k= =('-')+('5-')+y+('ƒ+-'ƒ+) +('ƒ+-'ƒ+) ='ƒ+-', 'ƒ+-'=' 'ƒ+=', +=8 = S= = «- ;!;S= + + +y+ 0 - ;!;S= + + +y+ + - ;!;S= + + +y+ - ;!;[-{;!;} ] - ;!;S= - -;!; - ;!;S=[-{;!;} ]- - ;!;S= ;!;S= - S= - a= -, b= b-a= -( -) = (-)+ = [ (-)«(k-)] 0 = [(-)«(k-)] = 0 = k= (+) (k-)= -= k= 0 ( )= {(-)«} = k= = y+9-0 =(-)(+)+(-)(+)+y +(9-0)(9+0) =-(++++y+9+0) 0 =- =-0 0

104 RPM 0966 k a a =k{-(k-)}=(+)k-k = a = {(+)k-k } k= k= (+) (+)(+) =(+) - 6 =(+)(+){ - } 6 (+)(+) = 6 a=, b=, c= a+b+c= 0967 a«=+0+0 +y+0«(0«-) 0«- a«= = a = =;9!; (0 -) k= k= 9 k= 0(0«-) a =;9!;[ -] 0-0«± -9-0 a = 8 (,,,, 5, 6, y, ) {a«}, a«=+(-) =- = k= 'aå +'aå å = k= k= 'aå -'a = ( a -a =) k= - =-;!;{('aå -'aå )+('aå -'aå )+y =-;!;('aå -'aå ) a =, a = 5-=9 ( )=-;!;('-'å9) =-;!;(-7) 'aå -'a ('aå +'aå å )('aå -'aå å ) 'aå -'a a -a +('aå -'aå )} = 0968 a«+b«=-, a«b«=-(-)(+) 0 { + }= = a«b«= = 0 = 0 = 0 = - -(-)(+) (-)(+) a«+b«a«b«0 = { - } = = { - } = - + =[{- }+{ - }+y+{ - }] 5 9 ={- } 0 = 0969 (), (, ), (,, ), (,,, ), y (+) +++y+= =, = {;!;}, {;!;, ;#;}, {;8!;, ;8#;, ;8%;, ;8&;}, y 5 «;6 ;= 6 fl «b««- b«= =«- - b =fi -= 6 += k= 097, ( ) f( )=[ ( ) 0 f(k ) k= =+ ++ +y++0 =(++y+)+( + +y+0 ) 0 =0+ (k) =0+ k k= 0 =0+ 6 = k= =

105 0 ~ 097 a +a +a +y+a«=s«s«=(+) a«=s«-s«=(+) -(-) =(+) a«=+ (æ) yy a =S = = a«=+ (æ) 0 0 a = (k+) k= k= 0 = +0 = S«= a = + k= a«=s«-s«= +-{(-) +(-)} =+ (æ) a =S = += a«=+ (æ) 6 k= a a 6 = k= (k+)(k+) 6 = k= (k+)(k+) 6 =;!; { - } k= k+ k+ =;!;[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 7;-; 8;}] =;!; {;!;-; 8;}=;!; 8;=;9!; 0975 k a a = = (k) - (k-)(k+) = { - } k- k+ ;9!; a«50% 6 a a 50% k= ( ) = a = { - } k= k= k- k+ = [{- }+{ - }+y+{ - }] = {- }= + + 0, = + =0+0 = («-) ++ +y+«= =« ( -)= -0 k= a 0% a 0% k= 0% k= ( -) ( -)= -0 - ( -)= --0 ( -)= k= k(k+) = {;k!;- } k= k+ ={-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{;!;- } + = % 0% 0% 05

106 RPM - ;0!0; k= k(k+) ;0!0;, +æ00 + æ % k(k+) 0978 {a«}, a«=«0 0 ka = k = + + +y+0 k= k= 0% 0% k= S= + + +y+0 -S= + + +y+0 -> S= + + +y S= + + +y = -0 - =; ;-; ;=; 6 ; m=6, =65 m+= (), (, ), (, 5, 6), (0, 9, 8, 7), y, a Δ (i, j) (a ), (a, a ), (a, a, a ), (a, a, a, a ), y a Δ i+j- j (+) +++y+= =, = (05, 0, 0, 0, 0, 00, y, 9) 00 aª , 9, 5, y 9 6,,, 5, y, (k-), (k-) {(k-)-} +=(k-) + (k>) 69= k-= k=7 69 (k-) +=( 7-) += =-;; ª;; -;!; 9 S= + = 9 + m= a«= (+)(+) =;!;[ - ] (+) (+)(+) a = ;!;[ - ] k= k= k(k+) (k+)(k+) 0 0 =;!; -;!; k= k(k+) k= (k+)(k+) 0 0 =;!; { - }- { - } k= k k+ k= k+ k+ =;!;[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 0;-; ;}] =-;!;[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; ;-; ;}] =;!;{-; ;}-;!;{;!;-; ;} 06

107 ~ a«=a«+ a =a += += a =a += +=8 a =a += 8+= a«=a«a =a = a =a = = a =a = = 098 a«=a«+a«a =a +a = +=7 a =a +a = 7+= a«= + a«a = +=+= a a = +=;!;+=;&; a a = +=;7#;+=;; 7 ;; ;; 7 ;; a 0988 a =, a a = = a a = = a a =8 = a«a«= (æ) {a«} a =, a«=a«(=,,, y) yy 0989 a =9, a a =(-) 9=-;!; a a = (-)=-;!; a a ={-;!;} =-;!; a«a«=-;!; (æ) {a«} a =9, a«=-;!;a«(=,,, y) yy 0990 a«-a«=- - a«=+(-) (-)=-+6 a«= a =, a -a =5-= a -a =8-5= a -a =-8= a«-a«= (æ) {a«} a =, a«=a«+ (=,,, y) yy 0987 a =0, a -a =6-0=- a -a =-6=- a -a =--=- a«-a«=- (æ) {a«} a =0, a«=a«- (=,,, y) yy 099 a«a«= a«= «a«= «099 a«=a«+a«a =, a -a =-=-, - a«=+(-) (-)=-+ a«= a«=a«a«a =, a a = =, a«= «=«a«=«099 a«=a«+,,, y, - a =a + a =a + a =a + 07

108 RPM +> a«=a«+(-) - a«=a + k=+ k= = -+ (-) a«= a«-a«+a«=0 a«-a«=;!;(a«-a«) {a«-a«} a -a =-=, 0995 a«-a«=+,,, y, - a -a = + a -a = + a -a = + +> a«-a«= (-)+ a«-a = (k+) - (-) a«=a + (k+)=+ +(-) k= = + a«= a«-a«=«,,, y, - a -a = a -a = a -a = +> a«-a«=«a«-a = - a«=a + =+ k= =+«-=«- a«=« a«= a«,,, y, - + a =;!;a a =;@;a - k= - k= («-) - ;!; a«-a«={;!;} «,,, y, - a -a = a -a =;!; a -a ={;!;} + a«-a«={;!;} «a«-a = {;!;} - a«=a + {;!;} k= - k= [-{;!;} «] a«=+ =-{;!;} «a«=-{;!;} «-;!; a«000 a«= a«+ a«+ = = + a«a«a«=b«a«b«=b«+, b = = a {b«}, b«=+(-) =- a«= a«= - - a =;#;a - _ a«= a«- a«= y a = a«= 0998 a«=a«+ a«+=(a«+) {a«+} a +=+=, a«+=«a«=«- a«=«- 00 =k, k + + +y+ = k(k+) k+ k = + k+ (k+)(k+) k +k+ = (k+)(k+) (k+)(k+) + + +y+ + k(k+) (k+)(k+) 08

109 ~ 5 (k+) = (k+)(k+) k+ k+ = k+ (k+)(k+) k+ 00 a«=a«+ a«-a«= {a«} a«=+(-) = k= a a = k= k (k+) =;!; =;!; {;k!;- } k= k(k+) k= k+ =;!;[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{;!;- }] + =;!;{- }= + (+) 00 a«+=a«a«-a«=- {a«} - a =00 a«=00+(-) (-)=-+0 a = -k+0= k=90 k=0 a«=«5 (fi -) a = = k= a«=a«a«{a«} r a a a a = a a a a r +r +r +r =, r = r = a º =r =(r ) = =9 9 a º 008 a«=a«a«{a«} a a =, =- a, - a«= (-)«a =- (-) =- (-) =- =(-) k-=9 k= a«-a«+a«=0 a«=a«+a«{a«} a =, a -a =9-=6, 6 a«=+(-) 6=6- a =6 -= {a«} 00, a -a =- a«=00+(-) (-)=-+0 a = -k+0= k= 005 [ ] =, a«a = +(-) = a«0 = =5 a º a º= a«=a«{a«} 5 {a«} 60% k 0% a«a«009 = {a«} a«a«a, r a (r -) S = =78 yy r- a (rfl -) a (r -)(r +) S = = =8 yy r- r- S 8 =r += =8 S 78 r =7 r= r= a (7-) =78 a =6-6( -) S = =( -)= a«=a«+-,,, y, - a =a + - a =a

110 RPM a =a + - +> a«=a«+(-) - a«=a + k-(-) (-) a«=-+ -(-) a«= -5 a = (k -5k) 0 0 a = -5 = a«=a«+«,,, y, - a =a + a =a + a =a + +> a«=a«+«- («-) a«=a + =+ =«+ k= - a = +=9 9 0 a«=a«+f() f()=a«-a«k= 0 k= f (k)= (a -a ) f (k)=(a -a )+(a -a )+(a -a )+y +(a«-a«) f (k)=a«-a f (k)=a«- k= 0 k= f (k)= - -=a«- a«= a«=(-) (=,,, y) a ºº =00 0 ='ƒ+-' 'ƒ++' a«=a«+' +-',,, y, - a =a +'- a =a +'-' a =a +'-' +> a«=a«+'-' - a«=a +'-=+'-='+ a =' += k= - k= + 0 a«= a«,,, y, - a =;#;a a =;$;a a =;%;a a«= a«- + _ a«= a«- + a«=;#;_;$;_;%;_y _a - - (+) a«= _ (+) a«= 0 a º= = a«=5«a«,,, y, - a =5 a a =5 a a =5 a _> a«=5«a«a«=5 _5 _5 _y_5«_a a«=5 +++y+(-) _ (-) 55 a«=5 55 a =5fl fl 5 =5fl fl (k-)k =66 (k-)k=, k -k-=0 (k-)(k+)=0 k= k=- k k= + 06 a«={+;!;} a«a«= a«yy,,, y, - a =;@;a a =;#;a a =;$;a (k-)k 0

111 5 ~ 6 - a«= a«- 00 a«= a«+ a«-= (a«-) {a«-} a -=-=-, _ a«= a«- - a«=;@;_;#;_;$;_y _a - - a«-=(-) { } «a«=-{ } «+ a«=_a = (a -)=- { } a = k= =0 0 k= k= k= k= -{ } fi ' =- = [{ } fi -] 07 ' +a«='a«a«= a«- ' +,,, y, - [{ } fi -] ' a = a ' ' a = a 0 a«=a«+b a«+b=(a«+b) ' {a«+b} a +b=a+b, ' a = a ' a«+b=(a+b)«a«=(a+b)«-b ' - _ a«= a«a =-5 (a+b)-b=-5 ' a+b=-5 yy ' ' ' ' - a«= y a ' ' ' ' a =-5 fl (a+b)-b=-5 6a+6b=-5 yy a«= = ' ', a=, b=- a-b= = '=8 =6 ' a«-5a«+a«=0 a«-a«=(a«-a«) 8 {a«-a«} a -a =-=, 08 a«=a«- a«-;!;={a«-;!;} [a«-;!;] a -;!;=-;!;=;#; «a«-;!;=;#; «= ««+ a«= +;!;= + a º= 09 a«=a«- a«-=(a«-) {a«-} a -=-=-, a«-=(-) «a«=-«a«<-00 -«<-00 «>0 fl =6, =8 -æ7 æ a«-a«= «,,, y, - a -a = a -a = a -a = +> a«-a«= «a«-a = - a«=a + k= («-) a«=+ =«- a = =( ) = 0 a«-a«+a«=0 a«-a«=(a«-a«) {a«-a«} a -a =-=, - k=

112 RPM a«-a«= «=«,,, y, - a -a = a -a = a -a = +> a«-a«=«a«-a = - a«=a + k= («-) a«=+ =« ( -) a = ( -)= -0= - k= k= - p=, q= p+q= 0 a«=a«-a«(a«-a«)=a«-a«a«-a«= (a«-a«) {a«-a«} a -a = -=, a«-a«= { } «={ } «,,, y, - a -a = a -a ={ } a -a ={ } - k= + a«-a«={ } «- a«-a = { } k= 9 a º-a = { } k= [-{ } ] = = a«=a«-a«a«-a«=(a«-a«{a«-a«} a -a =-=, a«-a«= «=«,,, y, - a -a = a -a = a -a = +> a«-a«=«a«-a = - a«=a + k= - k= («-) =+ - =- + «=- + «a«æ «æ00, «æ0 =8, fi = æ a«06 a«= +9a«+9a«= = +9 a«a«a«=b«b«=b«+9 a«{b«} b = =, 9 a b«=+(-) 9=9-8 a«= 9-8 a = =;0!0; =b«b«=b«+b«a«{b«} b = =, a b -b = - = - = a a 6 + b«= +(-) = a«= = b«+ 6 6 a º= = 0+ 6

113 6 ~ 7 a«08 a«= a«+ a«+ = = +;@; a«a«a«=b«b«=b«+;@; a«{b«} b = a - b«=;!;+(-) ;@;= a«= - a = =; ; k- =;!;, ;@; k-=9 k=0 0 a«09 a«= a«+ a«+ = = + a«a«a«=b«b«=b«+ a«{b«} b = =, a b«=+(-) =- a«= - a«< < >00, >0 > 5 5 =b«b«0% a«a«0% 0% 00 a«-a«= a«a«a«a«- = a«a«[ ] =, a«a + =+(-) = a«a«= a º= + 0 a«a«=a«-a«a«a«= - a«a«=b«b«-b«= a«b«-b«=,,, y, - b -b = b -b = b -b = +> b«-b«= (-) b«-b = k b«=b + k=+ a«= -+ a«= - k= -+ a«= 0 a«a«=a«-a«a«a«= - a«a«[ ] =, a«a =+(-) =- a«= a«- a =; 9; =; 9; k- k-=9 k=5 5 0 a«a«=a«-a«a«a«= - a«a«b«= b«-b«= a«b«-b«=,,, y, - b -b = b -b = b -b = - k= +> b«-b«= (-) - k k= b«-b = (-) -+

114 RPM b«=b + k=+ a«= -+ a«= -+ =;!6; -+ -+=6, --7=0 (+8)(-9)=0 =9( ) ;!6;9 0 - a«=a +a +a +y+(-)a«+a«-> a«=a + a +a +y +(-)a«a«-a«=a«a«a«-a«a«a«=, -= =+ a«a«a«=9 a º a ª =9+= a =, a«+a«=(-)«,,, y, - a +a =- a =- a +a = a = a +a =- a =- a«=(-)«± (=,,, y) a +a º+a =5-0+5= a«=a«+ ««± a«a«= + «± «a«=b««b«= b«+ b«+= - k= (b«+) (-) a {b«+} b += +=, b«+= { } «b«= { } «- a«= { } «- «a«=9 «- «b«=b + a«b«-b = a«=9 «- «b«60% b«0% a«0% 07 (+)a«=a«- (+) a«a«= - + (+) a«b«= b«=b«- (+) b«-b«= (+),,, y, - b -b = b -b = b -b = + b«-b«= (-) - a = + { - } k= k k+ =+[{- }+{ - }+y+{ - }] - - =+- = - = a«=- 0 0 a = (k-) k= - k= k= - k= k(k+) k(k+) 0 = -0=55 55

115 8 ~ 9 08 S«=S«+ S«+=(S«+) {S«+} S +=, S«+= «=«± S«=«± - a«=s«-s«(æ) a«=«± --(«-)=«a = 09 S«=a«- yy S«=a«-(+) yy - S«-S«=a«-a«- a«=a«-a«- a«=a«+ yy a«+=(a«+) S =a =a - a = {a«+} a +=8, a«+=8 «=«± a«=«± - a =fl -= a +a +y+a«=s«a«=(a +a +y+a«)=s«a«=s«-s«=s«s«=s«a =S = {S«}, S«= «=«a«=s«-s«=«-«= «(æ) aª= = fl 0 S«=a«- - S«=a«- -> S«=a«- a«=a«-a«(æ) a«=a«(æ) yy S =a - S =a = =a - a =6+=8 {a«} a 8 = = {a«}, a a«= «a = =5 5 0 a =_(0-5)=0 a«(+) a«a«=(a«-5) a«-0=(a«-0) {a«-0} a -0=0-0=0, a«-0=0 «a«=0 «+0 =(0_) «+0 =0 «+0=0(«+) 0(«+)=050 «=0 = a+ a+ + a + a a =, a = (+) (+) a«=a«+a«0 =a«y=;#;+ y =a«y= y a«=;#;a«+ a«+=;#;(a«+) {a«+} a +=, ;#; a«+= {;#;} «a«= {;#;} «- 05 p() p() p() p() p(5) p() p(7), p(7) p(8) p(8) p() 5

116 RPM 06 =, p() =k, p() = k+ p() k+ a = = k+ (k+)- k+ k- k (k+)- k+ 07 = k, ++ +y+ = - yy ++ +y+ + = y+ + = ± - = k+ k ± - k+ 08 =k, ++5+y+(k-)=k yy k+ ++5+y+(k-)+ k+ =k + k+ ++5+y+(k-)+ = (k+) k+ (k+) 90% 0% 09 =k, + + +y+k =(+++y+k) yy (k+) + + +y+k + (k+) =(+++y+k) + (k+) k(k+) =[ ] + (k+) (k+) {k +(k+)} (k+) (k+) = = (k+)(k+) = [] (k+)(k+) (k+) [ ] 050 =k, a = k- k -a a = = -a k- - k - k- k 05 =, ( )-( )=(+) -(+)= >0 =k(kæ), (+) >+k yy + +>0 (+) ± >(+k)(+) (+) ± = +(k+) +k > +(k+) =k+ +(k+) 05 =k (kæ), y_k> yy k+ y_k_( k+ )> _( k+ )> ± ( kæ k+> ) k+ 05 =k (kæ), k + + +y+ > yy k k+ k+ k + +y+ + > + k k+ k+ k+ k (k+) + - k+ k+ (k+)+ (k+)(k+)-(k+) = (k+)(k+) k = >0 ( kæ) (k+)(k+) k ( )= + > k+ k+ + +y+ + > k k+ =k+ 05 a«=a«a«{a«} a =, a 9 a =9 = = a a«= «=«a º= (k+) k+ (k+) k+ 6

117 9 ~ 055 a«-a«+a«=0 a«=a«+a«{a«} a =, a -a =, a«=+(-) =- a = (k-) 0 a = -0 a = a«-a«=;!; a«a«a«a«- =;!; a«a«[ ] =, ;!; a«a + =+(-) ;!;= a«a«= a º=; ;=;!; a«=a«++,,, y, - a =a ++ a =a ++ a =a ++ +> a«=a«+(-) + a«=a + (k+) a«=a + (k+) (-) a«=+ +(-) + a«= = = k= a k= k +k k= k(k+) 5 = {;k!;- } k= k+ 0 k= 0 k= - k= - k= =[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{; 5;-; 6;}] = {-; 6;}=: 8 : : 8 : 058 a«=«a«,,, y, - a =a a = a a = a _> a«=«a«a«= y «a a = a«= +++y+(-) (-) 55 = (k-)k 55 a = fl = fl (k-)k =6, k -k-7=0 (k+8)(k-9)=0 k=-8 k=9 k k=9 059 a«=a«+a«a«-a«+a«=0 a«-a«=(a«-a«) {a«-a«} a -a =, a«-a«= «=«,,, y, - a -a = a -a = a -a = +> a«-a«=«a«-a = - a«=a + k= («-) a«=a + =;#;(«-)+a - a =;#;( -)+a = a = a -a = a =a +=+=5 5 a«060 a«= a«+ a«+ = = + a«a«a«=b«b«=b«+ a«b«+=(b«+) {b«+} b += +=, a - k= b«+= «b«=«- a º= = =;0 ; b º - 7

118 RPM 06 a«-a«= 'ƒ++' 'ƒ+-' = ('ƒ++')('ƒ+-') ='ƒ+-' a«-a«='ƒ+-',,, y, - a -a ='-' a -a ='-' a -a ='-' +> a«-a«= '-' - a«-a ='- a«=a +'- =7+'-='+6 '+6=8 '= = - 06 a«={- }a«a«= a«(-) (+) a«= a«,,, y, a = a a = a 5 a = a - + _ a«= a«- a«={ y } 5 + _{ y } a + = + = 6 k+ 6 a = = 5 k 5 k=5 06 a«=s«-s«(=,,, y) a«-s«= S«-S«-S«=, S«=S«+ S«+=(S«+) {S«+} S +=a +=8, S«+=8 «=«± S«=«± - S = -=0 06 a«=a«+«± «± a«a«= + «± «a«=b«b«=b«+ «{b«} a b = =;#;= b«=+(-) = a«=b««= «a º= a«a«=a«-a«a«a«9= - +9= { +9} a«a«a«a«[ +9] +9=0, a«a +9=0 «=5 «, =5 «-9 a«a«a«= 5 « p(), p() = p() p(5), p(6) p(), 067 a«+a«=+ (=,,, y) a =(a +a )+(a +a )+(a +a )+y+(a +a ) k= =( +)+( +)+( 5+)+y+( +) = (+) = = S«-S«+S«=-a«(S«-S«)-(S«-S«)=-a«a«-a«=-a«a«-a«+a«=0 a«-a«=(a«-a«) {a«-a«} a -a =, 8

119 ~ a«-a«= «=«,,, y, - a -a = a -a = a -a = +> a«-a«=«- a«-a = k= - («-) a«=a + =+ =«- k= - a +a +y+a º= a = ( -) 0 k= ( -) = -0 - = -= S«= a a«=s«, a«=s«-s«s«-s«=s«s«=s«s =a = {S«} 0 S«= «a«=s º= = 0 k= k= b -b = b -b = b -b = + b«-b«= b«-b = - b«=b + k= k(k+) - =+ {;k!;- } k= k+ =+[{;!;-;!;}+{;!;-;!;}+y+{ -;!;}] - a«=+{-;!;} = - = a«=- 0 0 a«= (-) = - = (-) - k= k(k+) 0 a = - 0= (+)a«-a«=a«a«a«a«+ - = a«a«=b«b«-b«= a«{b«} b = =, a b«=+(-) =+, =+ a«= a«+ 07 S«= a«s«=(+) a«s«-s«=(+) a«- a«a«=(+) a«- a«a«={(+) -}a«=(+)a«a«= a«+,,, y, - _ a =;!;a a a a y aªª=;!;_;@;_;#;_y_;9(9*;_;ª0ª0; _ a =;@;a a a a y aªª=;0!0; _ a =;5#;a 07 a«-(+)a«= (+) a«a«- = + (+) a«=b«b«-b«= (+),,, y, - _ a =;6$;a - _ a«= a«- _ a«= a«+ _ a«= a (+) 9

120 RPM a =;!; a«= (+) a«=(+) =0 =0 0 a º 07 =, + ( )=, ( )=- = =k, k k y+ =- yy 8 k+ ± k k y+ + 8 ± k+ k+ =- + ± k+ =- ± (k+)+ k+ =- ± ± 07 a«=a«-5 a«-a=(a«-a) 5 a«=a«-a a= 5 5 a«- ={a«- } [a«- ] a - =- =-, 5 a«- ={- } «5 a«={- } «+ 5 5 a ºº-aªª=[{- } + ]-[{- } + ] ={- } (-) =- - a«-a=(a«-a) 0% a«0% a ºº-aªª 0% 075 a«='ƒa«a«a«=a«a«{a«} {a«} r a =r =, r =8 r= a«= «0 0 ( -) a«= «= = - = = - p=, q= p-q=-=0 a«0% 0 a«0% = p-q 0% 076 a«=s«-s«s«=a«- S«=S«-S«- S«=S«+ 0 S«-a=(S«-a) S«=S«-a a=- S«+=(S«+) {S«+} S +=a +, S«+=(a +) «S«=(a +) «- a º=S º-S ª a º={(a +) -}-{(a +) -} =(a +) a º= (a +) = a += 9 a = 7 7 a«=s«-s«0% S«0% a º=S º-S ª 0% a 0% 0

121 ~ y+(-)= + yy =, ( )=, ( )=+= =, =k, +7++y+(k-)=k +k yy k+ +7++y+(k-)+(k+) =k +k+k+ =(k +k+)+k+ =(k+) +(k+) =k+, =, 0% =k, 0% =k+ 50% 0% 078 a«+a«=b«-b«,,, y, 9 a +a =b -b a +a =b -b +> a º+aª=b º-bª (a +a +y+a º)-a -a º=b º-b a +a +y+a º=;!;(a -b +a º+b º) =;!;(0+0) =5 æ =k, f(k)=0 + f(k)=p p =k+, f(k+)=0 ± +=0 0 + =00(0 +)-00+ =00f(k)- 99 =(00p- 9 ) f(k+) a=99, b=9 a-b= a = + +y+ > k+ k+ k+ a = + +y+ k+ k+ k+ a =a +{ + + }- k+ k+ k+ k+, (k+)(k+)=9k +8k+8 (k+) =9k +8k+9 (k+)(k+) < (k+) (k+)+(k+) + = k+ k+ (k+)(k+) 6k+6 + = (k+)(k+) 6k+6 + > = (k+) k+ a > a >a +{ + }- =a > k+ k+ k+ < k+ k+ 079 a«a =0, a«=(a«-6) a«-=(a«-) {a«-} a -=0-=8, a«-=8 «=«± a«=«± + a«>000 «± +>000 «± >988, «>97 =56, =5

122 RPM ; 6; ; 5; =-8 +8=0, (+)( -+)= =8-8=0, ( +9)( -9)=0 ( +9)(+)(-)=0 8 -, -, = =0, (-0.)( )= (-) =6 =6-6=0, ( +)( -)=0 ( +)(+)(-)=0 (-) -, -, 086 'ƒ0.008= "ç0. = fi" (-)fi = fl" (-)fl =fl" fl = 0 ;!; 0 0 -;@; 05 ;5$; ;!; 06 (a ;#; ) _a ;!; =a ;#; _a ;!; =a ;#;+;!; =a ;&; a ;&; 07 (a b ) ; ; _(a ;!; b ;!; ) =a ;!; b ;6!; _a ;$; b (a b ) ; ; _(a ;!; b ;!; ) =a ;!;+;$; b ;6!;+ =a ;!(; b ;6&; 08 (" a _fi'a_a -;!; ) ;!; =(a ;#; _a ;5!; _a -;!; ) ;!; (" a _fi'a_a -;!; ) ;!; =(a ;#;+;5!;-;!; ) ;!; =(a ;5^; ) ;!; =a ;5@; a ;!(; b ;6&; a ;5@; 09 (a -;#; ) _'a a ;#; =a -;#; _a ;!; a ;#; =a -;#;+;!;-;#; =a -;&; a -;&; 0 ( ' ) ' 5 = ' 00 = ' ' 8-6 _ =( ) - 6 _ ' ' ' ' ' ' = - _ = - + = 089 æ -; 7;= æ {-;@;} =-;@; -;@; ' _ ' 8 '8 = '+' 8-'8 = ' ' 090, ' ( '6 _ æ;@; ) ' =( '6 _ ' ) ' = ' _ ' =6 ' 6 ' 09 { " (-) } =( " ) = = ( "ç6) = "ç6 = " ( ) = " = 09 '_ ' 6= 'ƒ_6= ' 6= "ç = ' 80 '5 09 = Æ : 5º:= ' 6= "ç = 095 " ' 79_" ' 56=fl' 79_ ' 56 " ' 79_" ' 56=fl" fl _ " =_= ( ;!; +y ;!; )( ;!; -y ;!; )=( ;!; ) -(y ;!; ) =-y -y 5 ( ;!; +y ;!; )( ;@; - ;!; y ;!; +y ;@; )=( ;!; ) +(y ;!; ) =+y +y 6 7 ' 7= " = ( ) -8 ' -8= " (-) =- ( ) 6 ' 6= " = ( )

123 9 ~ ' -6= "( -) =- a= 5 '5 b= ab= 8 5 =5-5=0 (+5)(-5)=0 = 5 8 =8-8=0 (-)(+)( + )=0 = i 8, - 9 '9= - =- +=0 = i -7 =-7 +7=0, (+)( -+9)=0 'i =- = -7 - = æ 6a b 6afl b = " a b =fl"çab fl"çab æ "çfi ' "ç" fi fl"ç' _flæ = _ ' «"ç "ç ' fl"ç«"ç "çfi ' = _ ' fl «" "çfi = fl «" "çfi "çfi = '= " fl «" = = " = " fl «" " 6= = 'a 'a 'a " 'a " fi'a fi" 'a æ æ _fiæ = fi'a fi'a 'a " fi'a " 'a fi" 'a 'a 'a fi'a = fi'a 'a 'a = 9 a<0,( ' -åa) =-a (-) = ' 5å6=" = ' 5å6 = - =0 = = i a>0,«=a «'a, -«'a - «' -å=-«' {: 5 :} ;!; _[{; 5;} -;!; ] ;#; ={: 5 :} ;!; _{; 5;} -;!; {: 5 :} ;!; _[{; 5;} -;!; ] ;#; ={: 5 :} ;!; _{: 7 :} ;!; {: 5 :} ;!; _[{; 5;} -;!; ] ;#; ={: 5 :_: 7 :} ;!; {: 5 :} ;!; _[{; 5;} -;!; ] ;#; =5 ;!; =5 5 a _(a ) a fi =a _afl a fi =a ±fl ( fi k= =a ) 0 '_ '= '8= " = øπ_ ' 6= øπ_ " fl = " = " = 'ƒ-7 " (- ) - = = =- '8 " { '5_ } fl =( '5)fl { } fl =5 = '5 '5 5 5 øπ_ ' øπ'=øπ " øπ" =fl" fi fl" fi = a=' " =' '=' 6= b= " ' 6=fl' 6=fl"çfl = ;ba;=;$;= " afi b _ " a bfl " afib _ " ab fl"ça b= " afl b 6 5 ;@; _5 ;6%; =5 ;@; _(5 ) ;6%; =5 ;@; _5 ;%; =5 ;@; ;%; =5 =;5!; ;@; _9 ;#; 7 ;9*; = ;@; _( ) ;#; ( ) ;9*; = ;@; _ ;*; = ;@; ± ;*; = ;5!; 7 ;!; _ ;6!; = ;!; ± ;6!; = ;!; =' ( ) (9 ) ;!; =( ) ;!; = =;!; ( ) {(-) } ;#; =( ) ;#; = =7 ( ) (') ' ={(') } ' = ' ( ),

124 RPM 8 ( )=( ) ;@; ( ) ;!; _( ) ;!; ; ; =( ;@; _ ;@; ) ( ;!; _ ;!; )_( ;!; _ ;@; ) ; ; = ;@; ;!; ± ;!; _ ;@; ;!; ± ;@; ; ; = ;!; _=' "ç 'a_øπa"ça'a= 'a_'a_"ç'a_øπ"ç'a = 'a_'a_ 'a_ 'a =a ;8!; _a ;!; _a ;!; _a ;8!; =a ;8!;+;!;+;!;+;8!; =a =a 9 (a -;!; b ;!; ) ;!; _(a ;$; b -;#; ) - =(a -;!; ) ;!; _(b ;!; ) ;!; _(a ;$; ) _(b -;#; ) =a -;6!; _b ;!; _a -;$; _b ;#; =a -;6!;-;$; _b ;!;+;#; =a -;#; b b b'a = = a'a a 0 8 ;#; _ ;@; 9 -;#; =(_ ) ;#; _( _) ;@; ( ) -;#; "a b " a bfi _fl"a b = ;#; _ _ _ ;@; _ ;#; = ;#;+ _ +;@;+;#; = ;&; _ : 6 : 7 6 =, y= +y= 6 =(a ;#; _b ;!; ) (a ;!; _b ;%; )_(a ;6!; _b ;%; ) =a ;#;-;!;+;6!; _b ;!;-;%;+;%; =a ;6&; _b =a b =, y= +y= 6 { } ;!; =( ) ;!; = 5 - -, -, -, -, -6, { } ;!; 0% { } ;!; 0% 0% P='a 'a 'a=a ;!; a ;!; a ;!; =a ;!;+;!;+;!; =a ;!#; Q=aøπaπ" a =a_'a_øπ" a =aa ;!; a ;K; =a +;!;+;K; =a P=' Q a ;!#; =øπ a, ;!#;= k=;*; øπ_ " _fi' ='_"ç '_ø "çfi' ='_fl'_ ' k=; 0 = ;!;+;6!;+; 0; = ; 0; «øπ7_ " 9_ '=«'å7_«" '9_«øπ " ' =«'å7_ «'9_ «' = + + = = " = ;#; 5 = =5 ; A= æ '_ ={'_ } ;!; =( +;!; _ -;!; ) ;!; =( ;#;+;#; ) ;!; =( ;(; ) ;!; = ;#; =( ) ;#; = ;#; A««=( ;#; )«6 aμ b«=( ;@; )μ ( ;6!; )«= : Â:; ;6N; == m 6+k 6+k 8 ' =, = 6 m=6, =8 m+= 7 a= =;9A;, b= =;B; =( ) = =( ) ={;B;} ab ;9A;= 6 8 ± = = = -;!; + ;#; =( ) -;!; +( ) ;#; 5 5 ={ } -;!; +{ } ;#; ' 6+k

125 5 ~ 5 ={ } +{ } 7 =+ = {;!;} a-b ={;!;} å {;!;} -b å =c {;!;} å =;c!; =d {;!;} -b =d, {;!;} -b =d {;!;} a-b d =;c!; d = c 0 { ' +(') ' }{ ' -(') ' } =( ' ) -{(') ' } = ' -(" ) ' = '+' - ' = ' ' - ' = ' ( ' -) (a ;!; -b ;!; )(a ;!; +b ;!; )(a+b) ={(a ;!; ) -(b ;!; ) }(a+b) =(a-b)(a+b)=a -b a -b (a +)+(a +) + = a + a + (a +)(a +) a ++a + + = = a + a + +a +a + + =, + = a fi + afi + a + a + + = a + a + ( )=+++= (a ;!; +b ;!; )(a ;!; -b ;!; )=(a ;!; ) -(b ;!; ) =a-b ( ) (a ;!; +a -;!; +)(a ;!; +a -;!; -)=(a ;!; +a -;!; ) - =a++;a!;- =a+;a!;+ ( ) a-a '5 = = a+a '5 5 5 (a ;!; -a -;!; )(a ;!; +a -;!; )(a ;!; +a -;!; ) =(a ;!; -a -;!; )(a ;!; +a -;!; ) =a-a =' 6 (5 ;A; +5 -;A; ) =5å ++5 å 0=5å ++5 å 5å +5 å =8 5 å -5 å +5å =5å -+ 5 å 5å =5å +5 å - =8-=7 = ;!; - -;!; =- -( ;!; - -;!; 8 )= - 8 +=, +9=8 +9-8= =( +9-8)+ +9 = {'+ } =+;[!;+ 9=+;[!;+ ' +;[!;=7, {+;[!;} = + + 9= = = = ( '+)( '- '+)=( ') + = ( ), a+a =(a ;!; +a -;!; ) -(a ;!; +a -;!; ) a+a =('5) -'5 a+a ='5 (a-a ) =(a+a ) -a a (a-a ) =('5) -=6 a> a-a >0 a-a =, +;[!; 0% + 0% 0% 8 =9 ( ) =9 = ( >0) fl - fl (fl - fl ) = + ( + ) - ( ) -( ) = = + + 5

126 RPM 9-;!; = =: 6 : + - ( - ) + ( + ) 9 += 9-9 = 9 = = = = 9-9 =9 -(9 ) =- =- = a +a a (a +a ) a + 50 = = = a -a a (a -a ) a - a +=(a -) a = a = =( ) =('+) =7+' 7-' = = = =7-' 7+' (7+')(7-') + (7+')+(7-') = - (7+')-(7-') 7 7' = = = 8' ' 7' a=' 0 ( a>0) ' =9 =Ω =k(k>0) yz+0 k+ =k =k ;[!; =k =k ;]!; ( )Ω =k =k ;z!; ;[A;+;]!;=;z@; k ;[A; k ;]!; =k ;z@;, (k ;[!; )å k ;]!; =(k ;z!; ) ( )å =( ), å = ` a= a=;$; ;$; 55 +y-y=0 y ;]!;+;[!;-=0 ;[!;+;]!;= yy = =k =k ;[!; yy =9 =k 9=k ;]!; yy _ 6=k ;[!;+;]!; ;[!;+;]!;= k =6 k=6 ( k>0) 5 a =+' a -=', a = = =-' a +' a -=-' (a -) =(a -) = ( ) a +a =(+')+(-')= (a ;{; +a -;{; ) =a +a +=+=6 a ;{; +a -;{; ='6 ( a ;{; +a -;{; >0) ( ) a +a =(a +a ) -(a +a ) = - =5 ( ), k= 56 A="ç'5= '5= " 5 = ' 5=5 ; ; B= '= "ç = ' 8=8 ; ; C=" ' 0=fl' 0= "ç0 = ' 00=00 ; ;, ' 8< ' 00< ' 5 B<C<A 57 A=(') = ;#; Afl = =5 B=(0.5) ;!; ={;!;} ;!; Bfl ={;!;} =;8!; 5 a = a= ;[$; b = b= ;]$; ab= ;[$;+;]$; = {;[!;+;]!;} = C= '= ;!; Cfl = =6 B<C<A ;[!;+;]!;=;#; 5 =a =a ;[!; yy =a =a ;]!; yy 5Ω =a 5=a ;z!; yy _ _ 0=a ;[!;+;]!;+;z!; ;[!;+;]!;+;z!;= a =0 58,,, 6 '= " fl = ' 6=6 ; ;, '= " = ' 8=8 ; ; '5= " 5 = ' 5=5 ; ;, "ç'7=fl'7= " 7 = ' 9=9 ; ;, ' 9< ' 6< ' 8< ' 5 a= '5, b= "ç'7 a +b =( '5) +( "ç'7) 6

127 5 ~ 56 a +b =5+9=7 7 50% a, b 0% a +b 0% m 6 t 6 00, m m =m {;!;} ;0T0;, ; 6;={;!;} ;0T0;, {;!;} ={;!;} ;0T0; 6 =;0T0; t= A=(" _ ') =(øπ " ) =(fl'å) = 'å= ;!; B=( " ') =( øπ" ) =(fl'å8) = 'å8=8 ;!; C=( " ') =( øπ" ) =(fl'å) = 'å= ;!;, 'å< 'å8< 'å C<B<A =( ) 5 =8( ) 5 «f() f(5)=«, f()= ;5N; f(8)= ;5*;, f()= ;5#; ;5*; f(8) = = ;5*;-;5#; = f() ;5#; 6 =a ='a ( >0) y =a y= 'a y='a_ 'a=a ;!; _a ;!; =a ;!;+;!; =a ;6%; a ;6%; 6 k, f(+) f() =k( ) f(), f(+)=k f() f(+)=k f(+)=k{k f()}=k f() f(+0)=k f() =990 f(00)=k f(990) =k 0000 k =: ;&0^0)0)0);º:=69= k =, 000 f(000)=k f(990) f(000)=k 0000= 0000=50000( ) " -7=- a= 0 ' 0, - ' 0 b= a+b= 65 {(-7) } ;!; _(fi'7)fi = " (-7) _(fi'7)fi =(-7)_7=-9 66 (" ' 5 6)fl =5 6=0 (" 6_ '5)fl =6 5=080 (" 5_ '6)fl =5 6=750 ( " 5'6)fl =5 6=50 ( "ç6'5)fl =6 5=80 '8å0 67 'ƒ-7+ + " '6å= " (-) + æ 80 +fl'6å '5 5 = " (-) + " +fl fl" fl =-++ = 68 (fl'9- 'å-_ ' -åå7)fl =(fl" - " _ -_ " (- ) )fl =( '-_ '+_ ')fl =( ')fl = = =-8, +8=0 (+)( -+)=0 =- = 'i ( ) ( ) a=-6, -6 =-6, +6=0 ( +i)( -i)=0-6 ( ) -6 =-6-6 ( ), a a 7

128 RPM «'a ( ) -7 ' -å7=- '7 ( ),, «=a a>0 «'a, -«'a a<0 a= " afi = øπa_ "ça a ;%; =a ;!; a ;apple; =a ;!;+;apple; ;%;=;!;+;apple;, 0=+k k=7 øπ_ "ç_ '='_" '_ø " '='_fl'_ ' øπ "ç '= ;!;+;6!;+; ; øπ "ç '= ;!&; = æ 8 + ( ) +( ) =æ 8 + ( ) +( ) + =æ + ( +) =æ (+ ) =" = =6 7 A= ' -=(-) ;!; =(-) ; 5; ={(-)fi } ; 5; =(-) ; 5; B=fi' -å6=(-6) ;5!; =(-6) ; 5; ={(-6) } ; 5; =(-6) ; 5; C= fi' - 8=(-8) ; 5;, ' -å< fi' - 8<fi' -å6 A<C<B afi -a fi 7, a a -a afi -a fi afl -a (a ) -(a ) (') -(') = = = a -a a - a - '- '-;!; afi -a fi = =;!;(7+') ;!;(7+') a -a '- 7 P()='= ;#; P()= ;#; P( ;#; )=( ;#; ) ;#; = ;(; P( ;(; )=( ;(; ) ;#; = : 8 : å = : 8 : a=: 8 : : 8 : 75 ' = "ç = " _ ' =fl'_ "ç ' = "ç'_ "ç ' = 'a_ 'b =a ;!; b ;!; 76 (+ )(+)(+ ;!; )(+ ;!; )(+ ;8!; )(- ;8!; ) =(+ )(+)(+ ;!; )(+ ;!; )(- ;!; ) =(+ )(+)(+ ;!; )(- ;!; ) =(+ )(+)(-) =(+ )(- ) =- =-8= A= " ' =( ;!; ) ;!; =( ;!; ) ;6@; =( ) ;6!; =6 ;6!; B=" _ ' =( ;!; ) ;!; =( ;!; ) ;6#; =( ) ;6!; = ;6!; C= " ' =( ;!; ) ;!; =( ;!; ) ;6@; =( ) ;6!; =7 ;6!;, 6 ;6!; <7 ;6!; < ;6!; A<C<B 78 -, + - = - = 9 - =k =k(9 +), 9 (-k)=k+ 9 = +k -k 9 +9 = +k + -k -k +k 9 +9 = (+k) +(-k) (-k)(+k) 9 +9 = (+k ) -k 79 { } =( ) = 7 6 =( ) = { } 6-7 -, -, - ---=-7-7 8

129 56 ~ '_ '= " _ " = " = " +y >0, y>0 +yæ'ƒ y=' 6= (, =y ) '_ '= " +y æ "ç = " = ' 8 t ;tn; ;t*; =8 : t : =( ;t*; ) =8 = fiæ 'a_ æ 'a æ 'a 'a 8_fi'a _fi'a 'a fl'a fl'a = _ fi' _ fi'a '8_ fi'a '_ 'a 'a _ fi'a fl'a = _fi'a fl'a _ 'a =;!; 8 '+ = ;!; + ;!; = ( ;!; + ;!; ) = ;@; + ;@; + ;!; ;!; =6 ;@; + ;@; = ( ;@; + ;@; ) = ;$ + ;$; + ;@; ;@; = ;$; + ;$; =9 " + = ;$; + ;$; =9 9 " 8, a a (afi +a +a +a +a) ( )= a (a +a +a +a fl +a fi ) a (afi +a +a +a +a) = a+a +a +a +afi =a afi =7 a =(afi ) =7 = A-B=( '+')-(_ '+') ='- '=fl'å7-fl'>0 A>B ' A-C= '+'- ' å8= '+'-_ ' ='-_ ' ='å- '5å =fl " -fl"5 =fl' 78-fl' 96<0 A<C B<A<C 86, a a +a a +a (a ) +(a ) = = a -a a - a - a +a (+') +(+') = a -a (+')- a +a 9+' (9+')('-) = = a -a '+ ('+)('-) 9'-9+9-' = =' 87 a =b =cω =7 a=7 ;[!;, b=7 ;]!;, c=7 ;z!; abc=9 7 ;[!; _7 ;]!; _7 ;z!; =9, 7 ;[!;+;]!;+;z!; =9 ( ) ;[!;+;]!;+;z!; =, {;[!;+;]!;+;z!;} = { + + }= y z + + = y z 88 ß y =(a )ß (bß ) =a ß b ß ={;ba;} ß ( ) ;rs; _y ;st; _z ;tr; =(a ) ;rs; _(bß ) ;st; _(c ) ;tr; =aß _b _c ( ) (y) _(yz) _(z)ß =(a bß ) _(bß c ) _(c a )ß =a rs+rt _b sr+st _c tr+ts =a r(s+t) _b s(r+t) _c t(r+s) ( ) 89 f(a)= ( a + -a )= a + -a =6 f(b)= ( b + -b )=9 b + -b =8 f(a+b)f(a-b) = ( a+b + -a-b ) ( a-b + -a+b ) 9

130 RPM = ( a + -a + b + -b ) = (6+8) =6 6 f(a)= 0% f(b)=9 0% f(a+b)f(a-b) 0% a 90 æ 'a_ =(a ;!; _a_a -;!; ) ;!; =(a ;!;+-;!; ) ;!; 'a =a ;6&;_;!; =a ; ; " 'a_ 'a (a ;!; _a ;!; ) ;!; a ; ; = = =a ;!; øπ " a (a ;@; ) ;!; a ;6!; a " 'a_ 'a æ 'a_ =a ; ; a ;!; =a ; ;-;!; =a ;!; 'a øπ " a m=;!; 9 a +a a +a =, a a +a a + = ;!; a æ 'a_ 0% 'a " 'a_ 'a øπ 0% "ça m 0% a =t (t>0) t + t t+ = t + t =t+ t -t -t+=0, (t+)(t -t+)=0 t t= ' ( t>0) a = ' ' a 0% a =t (t>0) 50% a 0% 9 ;!; + ;!; =' + =( ;!; + -;!; ) - =(') - =6 ;#; + ;#; =( ;!; + ;!; ) -( ;!; + ;!; ) =(') - ' =0' ;#; + ;#; 0' = = % ;#; + ;#; 50% ;#; + ;#; 0% + + a -a 9 = a -a =a +a a +a a =a, a = a =' ( a>0) a ;#; -a ;!; a ;!; +a ;#; a ;!; a ;#; -a ;!; a - (') - = = a ;!; +a ;#; a +a '+ ' ' = = '+ ' 9 +k+6=6 a, b a+b=-k, ab=6 ' a -b a -b = a -b (a -b )(a +b ) = = a +b + a b ' ' 0

131 59 ~ 6 ab = =- a+b k 75 - = k=- - k 5 95 å =, =y, ç =z yz=å ç = a+b+c = =;!; yy +y+z=å + +ç =: :, ;[!;+;]!;+;z!;= å + + ç =: : y+yz+z ;[!;+;]!;+;z!;= yz ;[!;+;]!;+;z!;=(y+yz+z) () ;[!;+;]!;+;z!;=: : y+yz+z=: : =log =log ;!; 7 99 log = = = log ;!; =- ={;!;} =9 9 0 logæ6= =6 =6 ;!; =( ) ;!; = å + +ç = +y +z =(+y+z) -(y+yz+z) å + +ç ={;; ;#;} - : : 0 logæ= = = ;!; = ' ' å + +ç =;*6!; ;*6!; 0 +>0 >- > % ;!; {;!;} a, a {;!;} :0 00; a, {;!;} :0 00; {;!;} :0 00;, æ >0, -5+, >5, +6 5<<6 >6 yy 05 log + log '= log + log ;!; =6 log +log =6+ =7 7, =5, =0 æ0 æ log º ; 0;+log º 00=log º 0 +log º 0 =-log º 0+ log º 0 =-+ = 07 log 8- log 6 =log ( )- log ( ) =log + log -(log +log ) =+ log -- log =- = log º =log º ( ) = log º +log º =a+b a+b