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1 1999 ( 9 ) : * ** < >...?. 1) , , 9 11, GDP 9% 59,000 ECU, (the Arctic) EU EURO. -,, * **.

2 66... (Comeback to Europe). 1).,.,,,,. 80,.. 2..,,,,,, , 2),.,,, 1) D. Willis, When East goes West : The political economy of European re-integration in the post -Cold war era, M. Wintle (ed.), Culture and Identity in Europe : Perceptions of divergence and unity in past and present (Aldersholt : Avebury, 1996), pp ) R. E. H. Mellor, Eastern Europe : a geography of the Com econ countries (New York : Columbia University Press, 1975), p. 3ff.

3 : 67..,... ( )..,...., (Central European : Mitteleuropäer). 3).....,... : 3) M. Kundera, The Tragedy of Central Europe, T he New Y ork Review of Books, 26. April 1984, pp

4 68 1..,,. 4).. 2., 1. 5),. 20 ( ) 1. -,. 3.., 1930, ,. 2., ) 4) E. G. Walters, T he Other Europe : Eastern Europe to 1945 (Syracuse : Syracuse UP, 1988), pp ) Ibid., pp ) Ibid., pp

5 : ) ), ,. 8...,.. 7) J. Hartmann, Wirtschaftsstruktur, Wirtschaftsreform, Wirtschaftspolitik, Politik und Gesellschaft in Osteuropa : Eine Einführung (Frankfurt/ M.: Campus, 1983), pp ; G. Swain/ N. Swain, Reform Communism or Economic Reform, Eastern Europe since 1945 (Houndsmills : Macmillan, 1993), pp ) W. G. Hahn, Dem ocracy in a Com munist Party : Poland s Experience Since 1980 (New York : Columbia UP, 1987), pp

6 ?,...? 9)... - ( ) -.,. 10) , ?., 9) E. Jahn, Wo befindet sich Osteuropa? Osteuropa, 40:5 (1990), pp ; E. G. Walters, op. cit., p. xiiiff. 10) M. Vajda, East -Central European Perspectives, J. Keane (ed.), Civil Society and the State (London : Verso, 1988), p. 340ff.

7 : 71..,.., - -, )..,. 1.. (the Arctic Ocean), (the North Sea), (the Baltic Sea), (the Atlantic Ocean), (the Mediterranean Sea) (the Black Sea). (the European triangle)..,.. 1.,. 11) E. G. Walters, op. cit., p. 119ff.

8 72. 12),. (Eurasia). 13),.,, ( )..? /.,. 14). -. (the Balkan peninsula). 15),,... (the Danubian Basin) 16).., (Wien). (Ore). 12) E. Jahn, op. cit., p. 423; D. P. Hupchick, Culture and History in Eastern Europe (New York : St. Martin s Press, 1994), p ) Z. Brzezinski, A Geostrategy for Eurasia, Foreign A ffairs, 76:5 (Sep./ Oct. 1997), pp ; M. G. Roskin, op. cit., p ) M. Wintle, Europe s image : Visual representations of Europe from the earliest times to the twentieth century, M. Wintle (ed.), op. cit., pp ) G. Delanty, T he Limits of Europe : T he Shifting Frontier, Inventing Europe : Idea, Identity, Reality 16) Ibid., p. 59ff. (Houndmills : Macmillan, 1995), p. 49ff.

9 : 73 (the Julian Alps), (the Dinaric Alps). ( ) (the Transylvanian(the Carpathian) plateau) (the Bohemian plateau),.. 1,..,. 1989, -. (the Great Eurasian Plain). 17) 400.., (the Oder) (the Vistula). ( )..,,.. (the Great Poland) (Mazovia). (the Little Poland)..,. 17) R. E. H. Mellor, op. cit., p. 9ff.

10 74 (Danzig ; Gda sk), ,. 18, 120,,... 1., ,.. ( ), - ( ) ( ) ,.,

11 : 75,.,,,. (WTO) (COMECON),. 2,... (J. B. Tito) 2 -., ,,. 18) 2.,. 1948, (E. Hoxha) ,. 1960,. 1970,. 19 ) ) R. J. Crampton, Eastern Europe in the twentieth century (London : Routledge, 1994), pp & ) Ibid., pp

12 76.. 2, NATO. 20).., ,., ( ) ( -,, -,,, ). 2.,. 21) ). (F. Fukuyama) ), ) Ibid., pp ) M. S. Roskin, op. cit., p ) M. Gallagher et al., Representative Government in Modern Europe, 2nd Ed. (New York : McGraw -Hill, Inc., 1995), p. xiii. 23) F. Fukuyama, T he end of history and the last m an (New York : T he Free Press, 1992).

13 : 77., , ), 5.. 7, , ( ),. 13,. 9 - (the Pannonian Plain)., ,,. 9 24) Jung-Hee Lee, Eastern Europe in medieval times, T he History of Eastern Europe (Seoul : Daehangyogwhaseojusikhoesa, 1993), pp (in Korean)

14 78., , ( ), (Wallachia) (Moldavia) ( ) ( ) ,..,,.,,

15 : , ( ). 2 ( ), , / 90., ). (Slavic Europe), / (Latin/ Germanic Europe). 26), 25) O. Halecki, T he Limits and Divisions of European History (Notre Dame : Indiana, University of Notre Dame Press, 1962), p. 121ff ; S. Roskin, op. cit., p. 9ff. 26) J. Bugajski, Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe : A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations, and Parties (Armonk : M. E. Sharpe, 1995), pp.

16 ). - ( ),,,,,,,,, -., ( ) (the Pripyat Marshes).,. -..,,,,. ( ),. 6 (Avars)..,. 7 -,,,, -. -,, -., (the Eurasian Plain). 9 (the Kievan state)... xi-xxiv. 27) M. G. Roskin, op. cit., p. 9ff.

17 : 81.., ( ). -,, , ( ). (Panslavism). ( ).. 28) ( ), ( ),.., ( ), ( , ). (Slavophilism),. ( ), ( ). ( ).,. ( ) 28) D. P. Hupchick, op. cit., p. 64ff.

18 82.. 6, 7, 2.., ( )..,. 18.., (Illyrian).,, (Basques)., 2 3 (Dacia).. (Vlahs). (Wallacia) (Land of the Vlahs). 9, 11. -, (St. István I ( ))., - (Finno-Ugric).. 29) 29) Z. Gitelman, Jewish Nationality and Religion in the USSR and Eastern Europe, P. Ramet (ed.), Religion and Nationalism in Soviet and East European Politics (Durham : Duke UP, 1989), pp

19 : (Ashkenazi). - ( ).. - (Poland-Lithuania) , (Sephardic)., 15 (Inquisition).. (Moors),... (Levante).. -, (Silesia). 12..

20 ,. 30) (West ) (East). (East ),,,,,,,,. 31). (West ),,,,,,,, 32). 30) (Piotr Sztompka),,, (socially ordered systems of meanings, symbols, rituals, codes, frames)..,..,,,,, (a socially shared universe of objects, utensils, technologies, knowledge, beliefs, values, norms, institutions). ( ),.,,.,,. P. Sztompka, Cultural and Civilizational Change : The Core of Post -Communist Transition. B. Gracelli (ed.). Social Change and Modernization : Lessons from Eastern Europe (Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 1995), p ) H. Lemberg, Osteuropa, Mitteleuropa, Europa : Formen und Probleme der Rückkehr nach Europa, J. Elvert/ M. Salewski (Hg.), Der Um bruch in Osteuropa (Stuttgart : F. Steiner Verl., 1993), p. 18; E. Jahn, op. cit., p. 420ff.

21 : 85.. ( )..,.. 33 ) )?... 35) ( ).,.....,,,,,,.,,,,,, ,, -,. 36), 32) D. P. Hupchick, op. cit., p ) J. R. Barber, Modern European History (New York : HarperCollins, 1993), p. 2.,,, - ( ),,,,,,. 34) Ibid., pp ) Ch. Coker, T wilight of the W est (Oxford : Westview Press, 1988), p. 107ff. 36),

22 86,,,, (, ),,,,,,, (vlahs)...,,, (pseudo-feudalism).,., (Emperor Diocletian : ). 37),.,,,.,.,.,., 1991,. -,. M. G. Roskin, op. cit., p ) Ibid., p. 77.

23 : ,. 38),. -,.. 4,5...,.. 9 (Cyrillic),... 39). 4., ,,.,. - - (Judeo-Helleno-Christian) 38) E. Jahn, op. cit., p ) J. R. Barber, op. cit., p. 5; P. den Boer, op. cit., pp ; E. Jahn, op. cit., p. 420ff ; J. Szücs, Three Historical Regions of Europe, J. Keane (ed.), Civil Society and the State (London : Verso, 1988), p. 292.

24 88.,.,,,. - -.,.,. - - (Helleno-Christianity) (legality), (practicality) (militancy)....., (universality)...,,.... (freedom), (Christendom) (civilization). 40). 40) P. den Boer, op. cit.

25 : 89. (Edgar Morin),.... -,,.. -,,.. (christian)... (civilizations). ( ), ?.. 41).,,.. 41) E. Jahn, op. cit., pp

26 , (Visegrad) (Central Europe)..,..,.,. Barber, J. R. Modern European History. New York : HarperCollins, Boer, P. den. Europe to 1914: the making of an idea. Wilson, K./ Dussen, J. van der (eds.). The History of the Idea of Europe. London : Routledge, 1995, pp Brzezinski, Z. A Geostrategy for Eurasia. Foreign Affairs. 76:5 (Sep./ Oct. 1997), pp Bugajski, J. Ethnic Politics in Eastern Europe : A Guide to Nationality Policies, Organizations, and Parties. Armonk : M. E. Sharpe, Coker, Ch. Twilight of the West. Oxford : Westview Press, Delanty, G. Inventing Europe : Idea, Identity, Reality. Houndmills: Macmillan, Fukuyama, F. The end of history and the last man. New York : The Free Press, 1992.

27 : 91 Gallagher, M. et al. Representative Government in Modern Europe. 2nd Ed. New York : McGraw- Hill, Inc., Gitelman, Z. Jewish Nationality and Religion in the USSR and Eastern Europe. Ramet, P. (Ed.). Religion and Nationalism in Soviet and East European Politics. Durham : Duke UP, 1989, Hahn, W. G. Democracy in a Communist Party : Poland s Experience Since New York : Columbia UP, Halecki, O. The Limits and Divisions of European History. Notre Dame : Indiana, University of Notre Dame Press, Hartmann, J. Politik und Gesellschaft in Osteuropa: Eine Einführung. Frankfurt/ M.: Campus, Jahn, E. Wo befindet sich Osteuropa? Osteuropa. 40:5 (1990), Kundera, M. The Tragedy of Central Europe. The New York Review of Books. 26. April 1984, pp Lee, Jung-Hee. The History of Eastern Europe. Seoul: Daehangyogwhaseojusikhoesa, (in Korean) Lemberg, H. Osteuropa, Mitteleuropa, Europa : Formen und Probleme der Rückkehr nach Europa. Elvert, J./ Salewski, M. (Hg.). Der Umbruch in Osteuropa. Stuttgart : F. Steiner Verl., 1993, Mellor, R. E. H. Eastern Europe : a geography of the Comecon countries. New York : Columbia University Press, Roskin, M. G. The Rebirth of East Europe. 2nd Ed. Englewood Cliffs : Prentice Hall, Swain, G./ Swain, N. Eastern Europe since Houndsmills: Macmillan, Sztompka, P. Cultural and Civilizational Change: The Core of Post-Communist Transition. Gracelli, B. (ed.). Social Change and Modernization : Lessons from Eastern Europe. Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 1995, pp Szücs, J. Three Historical Regions of Europe. Keane, J. (ed.). Civil Society and the State. London : Verso, 1988, pp Vajda, M. East-Central European Perspectives. Keane, J. (ed.). Civil Society and the State. London : Verso, 1988, pp Walters, E. G. The Other Europe : Eastern Europe to Syracuse : Syracuse UP, Willis, D. When East goes West : The political economy of European re-integration in the post-cold war era. Wintle, M. (ed.). Culture and Identity in Europe : Perceptions of divergence and unity in past and present. Aldersholt : Avebury, 1996, pp Wintle, M. Europe s image: Visual representations of Europe from the earliest times to the twentieth century. Wintle, M. (ed.). Culture and Identity in Europe : Perceptions of divergence and unity in past and present. Aldersholt : Avebury, 1996, pp

28 92 Zusammenfassang East er n Eur ope as a Concept of Ar ea Studies: Significance and Issues Kyu -Young Lee, Sogang Universit y The study of Easter n Eur ope as a concept of ar ea studies comprises of a comprehensive understanding and analysis of the language, culture, society, economy and international relations of the area called Eastern Europe. The study of Easter n Eur ope after Wor ld War II, focused overwhelmingly on the political rather than geographical concept of the area. Eastern Europe as a political concept referred to the area that belonged to the Soviet bloc in accordance with the Cold War ideology during the period of r ealsocialist domination. The r egion s eight countries included Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Yugoslavia and East Germany. After 1989, however, the concept of Eastern Europe assumed new features which could not be understood within the framework of the Cold War. The use of a concept that was applied during the fifty year s of the East -West divide in the post - Cold war era raises many questions. The purpose of this article is to redefine Eastern European area studies by examining the geographical, social and cultural aspects of this region as a whole. This article explores the concept and features of Eastern European area studies from the political perspective of the Cold War era followed by the problems and features from a geographical, political, ethnical and cultural perspective.

_ _ Reading and Research in Archaeology. _ Reading and Research in Korean Historical Texts,,,,,. _Reading and Research in Historical Materials from Ko

_ _ Reading and Research in Archaeology. _ Reading and Research in Korean Historical Texts,,,,,. _Reading and Research in Historical Materials from Ko 4. _ Culture of Korea: In the Present and the Past,.. _ Korean History and the Method of Psychoanalysis.,,. _ Politics and Ideas in Modern days Korea.,. _ Contemporary Korean History and International

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歯이규영65.PDF