대한방사선의학회지 1995; 32(4) : Osgood-Schlatter 병에대한초음파진단 1 이선화 최혜영 백승연 이석범 2 목 적 Osgood -Schlatter 병에대한초음파소견을평가하고이를단순 x - 선사진소견과비교하여 이질환의진단에있어서초음파검사

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1 대한방사선의학회지 1995; 32(4) : Osgood-Schlatter 병에대한초음파진단 1 이선화 최혜영 백승연 이석범 2 목 적 Osgood -Schlatter 병에대한초음파소견을평가하고이를단순 x - 선사진소견과비교하여 이질환의진단에있어서초음파검사의소견및진단적가치를알아보고자하였다. 대상및방법 : Osgood -Schl atter 병으로진단된 20 명의환자 (22예) 및정상대조군으로유사한연렁층의남아 15명에서단순슬관절 x - 선촬영및초음파검사를시행하였다. Osgood -Schlatter 병으로진 단된 20명중 10명에서는 2-6개월후에추적초음파검사를시행하였다.7MHz의선배열탐촉자로전경골조면에대한횡단및종단스캔을시행하였다. 결 과 : Osgood -Schlatter 병의초음파검사소견으로는전경골조면연골의종창이 16 예, 전경골조면 골화중심의불규칙한외연이나분절화가 14 예, 슬개인대의국한적비후가 14 예, 비후된슬개인대내의 소골이 3 여 및슬개하활액낭의팽창이 2 예였다. 초음파소견을단순 X 선사진과비교분석하면 7 예에 서늠단순 X 선사진상정상이었으나초음파검사상슬개인대비후, 연글종창이나분절화소견이관잘되었다. 15예에서는단순 x - 선사진및초음파검사상이상소견이있었으며초음파진단상단순 x - 선사진상관찰되는골조직의변화를관찰할수있었을뿐아니라슬개인대나연골등의연부조직의변화에관해보다더자세한정보를얻을수있었다. 결 론 : 초음파검사는 Osgood -Schlatter 병의진단에있어특징적골변화뿐아니라단순 X 선사진에 비해질환의조기변화인연부조직병변을징확히평가할수있는유용하고믿을만한검사법으로사료 된다. 서 로 Osgood -Schlatter 병은성장중인전경골조변을침범하 는골연화증으로외상성요인에의한다 (1-4 ). 이질환의 진단은주로특징적임상소견에의존하나방사선학적검사 법으로연부조직 X 선사진촬영술이나건조 x- 션조영술 이이용되기도하였으나조기진단에있어제한이있었다 (5-7). 연부조직질환의진단에있어초음파검사의유용도 는널리알려져있어 (8-9) 저자들은 Osgood -Schlatter 병 의진단에초음파검사를시행하여이의진단척소견및가 치를알아보고자하였다. 대상및방법 년 11 월부터 1994 년 8 월까지임상적으로 Osgood - 1 이화여자대학교의과대학진단방사선과학교실 2 01 화여자대학교의과대학정형외과학교실 이논문은 1994 년 1 2월 22일접수하여 1995 년 3월 29일에채택되었음 Schlatter 병으로진단된 20명의환자 (22예) 를대상으로하였으며남아가 18명, 여야가 2명이였고연령은 11-14세로평균연령은 13세였다. 2명에서는양측전경골조연을침범하였고 12명에서는우측, 6명에서는화측전경골조면을침범하였다. 사용한기기는 Acuson(128 XP /10, USA) 으로 7 MHz 의선배열탐촉자를사용하였고 transsonic gel을전경골조변에부착하여이부위에대한종단및횡단스캔을시 행하였다. 20명의환자에서슬관절전면및측면단순 X-선사진을촬영하였으며초음파검사와의시간간격은 7 일이내였다. 초음파검사를시행한 20명의환자중 10명에서는 2-6개월후에추적초음파검사를시행하였다. 유사한연령층의건강한남아 1 5명을정상대조군으로선택하여전경골조면부위의초음파검사를병행하여관찰된소견을정상소견으로참조하였다. 초음파검사시전경골조변의골화중심부에서는전반적모양, 외연및에코양상, 골화중심부표면의연골층에서는두께, 에코양상및외연, 그리고슬개인대의두께및에코양상을관찰하였다. 정상대조군빛건측정상부위와비교

2 대한방사선의학회지 1995 : 32( 4) : 하여이상의부위에서에코양상, 외연및두께가변화된것을이상소견으로간주하였다. 또한슬개하활액낭 ( infra patellar bur sa) 의팽창여부를관찰하였다. 단순슬관절 x - 선사진상골및연부조직음영의이상유무를알려진바소견들에의해평가하였다 (5-7). 초음파진단시에연골이종창된경우는전경골조변의골화중심표면의연골층중가장두꺼운부분이종단및횡단스캔상반대편건측이나유사연령의정상대조군과비교하여 2mm이상두꺼워진것으로정하였다. 슬개인대의비후는전경골조면부위에서슬개인대의전면이볼록해지고그두께가건측이나정상대조군에비해 2mm이상두 꺼워진경우로정하였다. 전경골조변의분절화는골화중심부피질이불규칙하게갈라지거나결손부위와더불어저에코음영부위가관찰되는경우로정하였다. 또한정상에서는관찰되지않는액체가저류된저에코부위의슬개하활액냥이슬개인대후면에서관찰되면슬개하활액낭의팽창으로간주하였다. 이상의초음파진단의소견을근거로 Osgood -Schlatter 병을 5가지유형으로나누어서제 1 형은연골이종창된경우, 제 2형은슬개인대가국한적으로비후된경우, 제 3형은연골및슬개인대의비후가동반된경우, 제 4형은전경골조연의골변화에연골이나슬개인대의병변이동반된경우, 제 5형은전술한소견중한개이 a b Fig. 1. On longitudinal scan 01 the normal tibial tuberosity(t) in a boy aged 11 years(a) and 14 years(b). The patellar tendon (black arrows) is inserted on the cartilage over the epiphyseal ossilication center 01 the tibial tuberosity, which is diffusely hypoechoic(white sol id arrows) The ossilicat hyperechoic line(white open arrow) in a 11-year-이 d boy. In a 14-year-old boy, the ossilication center is well developed and union 01 the proximal edge to the tibial shaft and opening 01 the distal p이 e with spur like appearance(white open arrows ) are seen a b Fig. 2. On longitudinal sonogram in a 13-year-old boy with pain on the anterior tibial tuberosity(a), there is irregular outline 01 the anterior tibial tuberosity ossilication center (small arrows) and mild swelling 01 the overlying cartilage (l arge arrows). On 2 month-iater lollow-up sonograph (b), the outline 01 the anterior tibial tuberosity is more regular and echogenic and also cartilage swelling is decreased. -608

3 이선화오 I : Osgood -Schlatter 병에대한초음파진단 a Fig. 3. The long itudinal sonogram 01 type 4 Osgood-Schlatter disease (a) reveals swelling 01 the cartilage (arrow heads) and obvious Iragmentations 01 the tibial tuberosity ossilication center (arrows), which are delective and irregular in its outline contour and reduced in internal echoes. The lateral view 01 knee radiograph(b) shows i rregular indistinct border and mild Iragmentation 01 the tibial tuberosity 상과슬개하활액낭이팽창된경우로정하였다. 이러한유 형에따른단순 X 선사진의이상소견유무를비교분석 하였다. b 결 과 정상대조군에서관찰되는전경골조면의골화중심을둘러싸는연골층은균등한두께의저에코양상이며골화중심부는연골내에고에코부위로관찰되며 세연령군에서는매우작은고에코이나 13-14세연령군에서는고에코의골화중심부가뚜렷이관찰되었다. 에코가있는균등한두께의슬개인대가슬개골에서부터전경골조면으로주행하여연골부위에부착하며그전면은오목하다 (Fig. 1). Osgood-Schlatter 병의초음파소견으로는전경골조변의골화중심부표변의연골이종창된경우가 16예 (Fig. 2a, 3a), 골화중심부외측피질이불규칙하거나 (Fig. 2a) Table 1. Osgood-Schlatter Disease Findings Sonographic Features (N=22) No. 01 Cases Swollen tibial tuberosity cartilage 16 Bony change 01 tibial tuberosity 14 Fragmentation 12 Irregularity 2 Thickened patellar tendon 14 Ossicle in patellar tendon 3 Distended inlrapatellar bursa 2 내부에다양한저에코부위를가진분절화양상이 14 예에 서관찰되었고 (Fig 3a), 슬개인대가전경골조면부위에서국한적으로비후된경우가 14예 (Fig. 4a) 였고이중 3예에서는인대내에소골 (ossicle) 이있었다 (Fig.5). 슬개하활액낭이 2예에서팽창되었다 (Fig. 6), (Table 1). Osgood - Schlatter 병 22예에대한초음파검사및단순 x - 선사진의진단적정확도를비교하면초음파검사상 22 예에서이상소견이관찰된반면단순 x - 선사진상 7예에서는정상소견, 15예에서는이상소견이관찰되었다. 초음파진단에따른 Osgood -Schlat ter 병의유형과 x-선사진소견의이상유무를비교하였을때연골종창이나슬개인대 의비후등의연부조직변화만있는경우엔단순 X 선사진상정상소견이많은반면에 (Fig.4) 골및연부조직의변화가초음파검사상관찰된경우단순 x- 선사진상전형적인소견들이관찰되는빈도가높았다 (Fig. 3) (Table 2). 추적초음파검사를시행하여 5예에서는연골의종창이감소되거나전경골조면골화중심의불규칙하고희미한외연이보다규칙적이고뚜렷한고에코부위로변화되었으며이경우임상증상역시호전되었으며단순 x - 선소견도일치하였다 (Fig. 2). 4예에서는분절화의소견이더

4 대한방사선의학회지 1995; 32(4) ; Fig. 4. The longitudinal scan 01 the anterior tibial tuberosity in type 2 Osgood-Schlatter disease reveals thickening 01 the patellar tendon with hypoechogenecity near tìbial insertion site (arrows), indicating tendinitis. These changes are not delinite on lateral view 01 knee radiograph (not shown). Fig. 6. The right parasagittal scan 01 type 5 Osgood-Schlatter disease 01 the anterior tibial tuberosity (T) discloses a Iluid collection within retro-tendin eal soft tissue 01 the knee (arrows), which is due to bursitis 01 the inlrapatellar bursa 욱더현저하였고단순 x - 선사진상역시동일하였으며임 상증상의호전은없었다.2 개월에추적검사를시행한 1 예 에서는특이한변화를관찰할수없였다. 고 찰 Fig. 5. The axial scan 01 the anterior tibial tuberosity in a 14-year-old girl demonstrates an echogenic lesion with posterior shadowing (arrow) within right lateral side 01 the thickened patellar tendon representing intratendineal ossicle Table 2. Diagnosis 01 Osgood-Schlatter Disease Comparison 1 Sonography and Radiography Sonographic Patterns Type 1 [n =1 1 Type 2 [n=21 Type 3 [n=31 Type 4 [n = 141 Type 5 [n = 21 Total Radiographic Findings Normal fl η4abnormal o o 15 1 녕끼tf Osgood - Schlatter 병에대한임상적진단은 세의 청소년에서전경골조면의동통, 종창및압통여부에의해 이루어지며방사선학적검사법으로단순 X 선촬영술이 고식적으로이용되었고, 그전형적소견으로는연부조직 의종창, 전경골조면골화중심부의불규칙한외연및분절 화, 분리된골편이알려져있다 (5-7). 단순 X 선촬영시에 는질환의조기에일어나는연부조직의병변을관찰하는데 한계가있을뿐아니라전경골조면의골화중섬의다양한 양상을평가함이용이치않다. 즉정상인에서도성장중인 골화중심의골화정도에따라전경골조변의골화중심이 다양한모양으로분절화될뿐만아니라개개인의좌, 우측 전경골조면의성장에도차이가있으므로병적분절화와의 감별이어려운경우가많다 (1, 6). 이런애매모호한경우에 이에대한감별진단에연부조직의이상소견유무가매우 중요하다. Osgood- Schlatter 병의급성증상과연관이있는조기 병변인연부조직의변화를평가하기위하여저 KVp 연부 조직단순 X 선촬영이나건조 x - 션조영술에의한것이 효과적이며슬개하지방체음영의증가빛하각의둔화그 리고슬개하지방체의후하연과전경골조변의전면을정 하는연부조직층의불규칙적비후가주된소견으로보고된 바있다 (7). Fornage(8) 가슬개인대에대한초음파검사를 예비보고한이후슬관절주위의다양한연부조직병변에대 한고해상력초음파소견맞진단적우수성이보고되었다. Flaviis(9) 등이 Osgood -Schlatter 병에대하여초음파검 사를체계적으로처음시행하여전형적소견으로연골의

5 이선화외 Osgood -Schlatter 병에대한초음파진단 종창, 전경골조면골화중심의분절화, 슬개인대의비후 및슬개하활액낭의팽창을보고하였다. 저자들의경우도 증례는다소적으나이상의소견들뿐아니라슬개인대내 의소골도관찰할수있었다. Osgood- Schlatter 병은알려진바외상에의해대퇴사두 근연대의수축력이미성숙한전경골조면첨단부에집중 되어견열골절을유발함으로써이부위에부착된슬개인 대및연골의손상을일으킨다. 이결과병리조직학적으로 는전경골조면펴질골의미세한결손부위가세포성및 혈관성의결체조직및가골로채워지며인접인대및연골 에는점액성변성이일어난다. Flaviis(9) 등과저자들이 보고한연부조직병변언슬개인대의비후빛연골의종창 소견은이러한병리조직학적변화에의한것이며또한 Scotti 등 (7) 이건조 x - 선조영술상관찰한연부조직음영 의변화와도일치됨을알수있다. 슬개인대내의소골은가 골을형성한전경골조면의견열골절에의해떨어져냐간 작은골편혹은변성된슬개인대에서 1 형성에의해형성 된골조직으로알려져있으며저자들의경우 3 예에서관찰 할수있였다. Flaviis 등 (9) 은 Osgood - Schlatter 병의단순 x - 선사진 및초음파소견을분석하여초음파검사가 x - 촬영에비하 여연부조직변화에보다더효과적이며 X 선사진으로는 초음파검사에서보다더나은소견을발견하지못하였음 을보고하였다. 저자들의경우에도역시동일하였으며 X 선사진상관찰된전경골조변의연부조직의종창이연골 의종창이나슬개인대의비후에의한것으로초음파진단 으로구별함으로써병리학적변화에대한자세한정보를 제공할뿐아니라 x - 선사진상발견되지않는경우에도 1 상의초음파소견으로 Osgood - Schlatter 병의조기증상 을설명할수있었다. x - 선사진상발견못한경미한분절 화소견도관찰할수있였고이는전경골조면을장축및 횡축으로면밀히검사할수있는초음파검사의잇점에의 한것으로사료된다. Osgood - Schlatter 병은대다수적절한대증적치료나 겁스고정에의해합병증없이치유되나매우드물게성장 중인전경골의연골판이조기유합되거나슬개골위증 (patella alta) 가유발되기도한다 (1 0, 11). 치유된경우추 적검사시에분절화된전경골조면의결손부위는신생골이 나가골에의해채워지면서외연의변형만 1낭는다. 저자들 의경우 10 예중 5 예에서는임상소견의호전과더불어불 규칙하고분절된전경골조면의외연이애끄러운고에코 부위로변화됨을관찰하였다. 초음파검사는간편하고신속하게시행할수있는비침 습적인검사이며 Osgood - Schlatter 병에대한초음파진 단시전경골조면골화중심의연골빛슬개인대에일어나 는조기변화를관찰할수있을뿐만아니라단순 x - 선사 진에비해골및연부조직변화에대한구체적정보를제 공한다. 고로초음파검사는 Osgood -Schlatter 병의진단 에매우유용하고믿을만한검사법으로사료된다. j;j = τ7 C그 = 헌 1. Ogden JA, Southwick WO. Osgood-Schlatter's disease and tibial tuberosity development. Clin Orthop 1976; 116 : Uhry E. Osgood-Schlatter s disease. Arch Surg 1944; 48: La Zerter A, Rapp IH. Pathogenesis of Osgood-Schlatter s disease. Am J Patho/1958; 34: Ogden JA. Hempton RF. Development of the tibial tuberosity Anat Rec 1975; 182: Hulting B. Roentgenologic features of fracture of the tibial tuberosity. Acta Radiol 1957 ; 48: Resnick D. Niwayama G. Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. 2nd ed. Philadelphia Saunders, 1988; Scotti DM. Sadhu VK. Heimberg F. 0 hara AE. Osgood Schlatter's disease. an emphasis on soft tissue changes in roentgen diagnosis. Skeletal Radio/1979; 4: Fornage BD. Sonography of the patellar tendon: preliminary bservation. AJR 1984; 143: Flaviis LD. Nessi R. Scaglione P. Albisetti W. Derchi LE Ultrasonic diagnosis of Osgod-Schlatter and Smding -Larsen Johansson diseases of the knee. Skeletal Radiol 1989; Willner P. Osgood-Schlatter's disease: etiology and treatmen t. Clin Orthop 1969;62: Woolfrey BF. Chandler EF. Manifestations of Osgood-Schla tter 5 disease in later teenage and early adulthood. J Bone Joint Surg[Am} 1960 ;42: 一 611 -

6 대한방사선의학회지 1995; 32(4) : Journal of the Korean Radiologi ca l Society, 1995 ; 32( 4) : Sonographic Diagnosis of Osgood-Schlatter Disease' Sun Wha Lee, M.D., Hye Young Choi, M.D., Seung Yon Baek, M.D., Suk Beum Lee, M.D. 2 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine 2 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Ewha Womans University, College of Medicine Purpose: The purpose of this study is to assess the sonographic findings of Osgood-Schlatter disease with correlation to radiographic findings and to determine value of sonography in the diagnosis of Osgood-Schlatter disease. Materials and Methods: The population consist of 22 cases of Osgood-Schlatter disease and 15 healthy subjects of the same age range for comparison. The sonographic study was carried out with real time units equipped with linear probe of 7 MHz frequency Radiography and sonography were done in all cases and follow-up sonography was performed in 10 cases. Results: The sonographic features of the Osgood-Schlatter disease were swelling of cartilage over the anterior tibial tuberosity ossification center in 16 cases, fragmentation and/or irregularities of the ossification center of the anterior tibial tuberosity in 14 cases, localized thickening of the patellar tendon in 14 cases, ossicles in the thickened patellar tendon in 3 cases, and distension of the infrapatellar bursa in 2 cases. Fifteen of 22 cases of Osgood-Schlatter disease had abnormal findings on radiographs and sonograms. Out of 7 cases which had normal radiograph and abnormal findings on sonogram, 6 cases showed patellar tendon thickening, cartilage swelling, and/or distended infrapatellar bursa and one case showed fragmentation of anterior tibial tuberosity on sonogram. Conclusion: Sonographic evaluation of Osgood-Schlatter disease provided a clear picture about pathologic changes in the superficial soft tissues and in the cartilage and also yielded the same diagnostic information on bony change as radiography Sonography is a reliable and useful method for the evaluation of young patients with clinically suspected Osgood-Schlatter disease. Index Words: Knee, US Knee, abnormalities Address reprint requests to: Sun Wha Lee, M.D., Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, # Mok강ong, Yangcheon-ku, Seoul, Korea. Tel Fax

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