최종보고서 2016. 11.
제출문 환경부장관귀하. 2016. 11. :
: : 2016.3.15 ~ 2016.12.12 : :
1 1 1. 1 1.1. 1 1.2. 4 2. 6 2.1. 6 2.2. 8 2 2 9 1. 9 1.1. 9 1.2. 16 2. 1 21 3. 25 3.1. 25 3.2. ETS 27 3.3. EU ETS EU 73 3 0 4 1. 40 1.1. 42 1.2. 69 2. 72 2.1. 72
2.1.1. 74 2.1.2. 78 2.1.3. 81 2.1.4. 83 2.1.5. 85 2.1.6. 95 2.1.7. 107 2.1.8. 112 2.2. 114 4 15 1. 115 2. 118 5 121
[ 1] 10 [ 2] 14 [ 3] 2015 61 [ 4] 17 [ 5] 20 [ 6] 21 [ 7], 23 [ 8] ETS 03 [ 9] 31 [ 10] ETS 3 [ 11] 36 [ 12] 39 [ 13] 41 [ 14] ( ) 24 [ 15] 46 [ 16] 73 [ 17] 74 [ 18] 75 [ 19] ( 14 ) 87 [ 20] ( 21 13 ) 90 [ 21] ( 2) 94 [ 22] 98
[ 23] 10 [ 24] ( 13 1, 17 21 1 ) 101 [ 25] ( 1 6) 108 [ 26] ( 9 ) 111 [ 27] ( 1) 1 [ 28] 15
[ 1] 14 [ 2] 18 [ 3] 18 [ 4] 19 [ 5] 19 [ 6] 120
< 요약문 > 2013 1,. 2015 2016 2,. 1 2,.,..,. 2016 5, 6, 7 3 60,, 2.
1 60 3 1 ( ),,. 8, 3,.
제 1 장서론 1. 1.1. 7 1),. 2009 11 17 20 (BAU) 30%, `10 4 14 ' ( ) ( ). 45 2013 3 ( ) ( ) 2015. 2015 1 2) ( ), 3) ( ) 1. 1 3 1) 2013,,,, 7 2) 2014 9 11 3) 2016 6 8. 2016-100 - 1 -
. 3,,. 新, 新, (2016. 5, ).,,,,.,,,. ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ),,,,,.,,., - 2 -
,,.,. - 3 -
1.2. 2013 1,. 2015 2016 2,. 1 2,. 1,, 2.,.,,. ( ),,.. - 4 -
,,. - 5 -
2. 2.1. (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)., 60 1.,,. - 6 -
, 2,,.,.,,.,, /, (GF)/ (BM).,,., 1, EU,,.,,. - 7 -
2.2. 1) 2, 2) 2, 3). 2,, EU,, 2. 2, 1, 2,.,., 60 3. - 8 -
제 2 장제 2 차계획기간폐기물부문및할당대상업체배출권할당개선방안연구 1. 1.1. 1 60, 47 2014, 13 2015. 57, 3. 40, 15, 2. 3 1, 2. [ 1] 1 2015 2 2015 3 2014 4 2014 5 2014 6 2014 7 2014 8 2015-9 -
9 2014 10 2015 11 2014 12 2014 13 2014 14 2014 15 2014 16 2014 17 2014 18 2014 19 2014 20 2014 21 2014 22 2014 23 2014 24 2014 25 2015 26 2014 27 2014 28 2014 29 2014 30 2014 31 2015 32 2014-10 -
33 2014 34 2015 35 2014 36 2014 37 2014 38 2014 39 2014 40 2014 41 2014 42 2014 43 2015 44 2014 45 2015 46 2015 47 2014 48 2015 49 2014 50 2014 51 2014 52 2015 53 2014 54 2014 55 2014 56 2014-11 -
57 2015 58 2014 59 2014 ( ) 60 2014,,,,. 15,,, 3. 3,,,, 99%. 2,. 2015 75. < > 2011 ~2013, 2014. 2014 10 ( 2014-186 ) CH 4-12 -
0.01532(kgCH 4 /kgbod) 0.48(kgCH 4 /kgbod).,. [ 2] 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 60 75 ( tco2e) 13,540 13,226 13,846 18,190 11,296 ( TJ) 82.6 89.2 94.0 95.4 93.5 ( tco2e) 13,704 13,402 14,057 19,318 12,568 ( TJ) 83.7 90.5 95.9 99.7 101.1 ( : tco 2 e) ( : TJ) [ 1] 2015 2014 13. 11. - 13 -
. 2015, 1 2011~2013 2014.. 2015., CDM,. 2015 10 1.,..., 2011 2015,,. - 14 -
[ 3] 2015 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 72,475 77,047 90,874 84,289 33,404 119,476 135,835 139,104 134,436 79,045 116,568 120,993 124,144 281,797 79,759 112,234 124,675 128,523 134,672 38,979 63,326 61,923 66,425 56,953 10,130 2,302,831 2,303,898 2,258,311 3,276,995 1,976,941 1,806,322 1,439,636 1,612,347 1,411,698 139,115 80,728 76,927 81,938 79,326 29,462 82,449 74,707 76,905 75,467 28,950 137,573 153,303 133,962 166,232 27,835 132,309 135,620 136,239 136,932 45,734 220,283 217,531 211,524 221,468 95,342 107,471 121,654 120,328 123,542 62,893 : (,, 2015) - 15 -
1.2.,.,. 1, 2014. 14 1 388,486 380,709 / 2.0%. 47.7%, 39.4%, 12.9%. 09 10 11 12 13 14 357,861 365,154 373,312 382,009 380,709 388,486-0.4 2.0 2.2 2.3-0.3 2.0 50,906 49,159 48,934 48,990 48,728 49,915 4) -2.2-3.4-0.5 0.1-0.5 2.4 5) 123,604 137,875 137,961 146,390 148,443 153,189-5.5 11.5 0.1 6.1 1.4 3.2 183,351 178,120 186,417 186,629 183,538 185,382 [ 4] 3.9-2.9 4.7 0.1-1.7 1.0 : (,, 2015) 4),, 5) ( ) - 16 -
[ 2] [ 3] : (,, 2015),,, 3 40.2%. 1 49,915 47.0%(23,467 ),,, 1 153,189 50.3%(77,057 ),,. 1 185,382 45.5%(84,288 ),,,, 1 9.6%, 7 19.3%, 9 71.1% - 17 -
. [ 4], 14 84.8% 0.9%P,. 2014 9.1% 0.3%P, 5.8% 0.2%P.,,. - 18 -
[ 5] 09 10 11 12 13 14 % % % % % % 357,861 100 365,154 100 373,312 100 382,009 100.0 380,709 100.0 388,486 100.0 39,794 11.1 34,306 9.4 34,026 9.1 33,698 8.8 35,604 9.4 35,375 9.1 18,518 5.2 19,511 5.3 20,898 5.6 22,848 6.0 22,918 6.0 22,420 5.8 292,557 81.7 304,381 83.4 312,521 83.7 322,419 84.4 319,579 83.9 329,268 84.8 6,992 2 6,956 1.9 5,867 1.6 3,044 0.8 2,608 0.7 1,423 0.3 : (,, 2015), 59.0% 0.1%P, 25.3%, 15.7% 0.1%P. 77.3% 1.9%P, 5.7% 0.6%P, 16.1% 0.5%P. 97.9% 0.4%P, 0.5% 0.2%P, 1.6% 0.2%P., 10.4%, 80.1%, 9.5%., 69.9%, 6) 29.6%, 7) 0.5%, 75.3%, 22.7%, 2.0%, 97.8%, 1.2%, 1.0%.,,. 6) 7) - 19 -
[ 6] ( : / ) % 388,486 100.0 35,375 22,420 329,268 1,423 40,240 10.4 10,970 12,144 17,126 0 311,400 80.1 16,913 7,919 285,146 1,423 36,846 9.5 7,493 2,356 26,996 0 49,915 100.0 7,813 12,648 29,454 0 34,883 69.9 7,068 11,594 16,221 0 14,756 29.6 745 1,052 12,958 0 276 0.5 0 1 275 0 153,189 100.0 24,606 8,797 118,363 1,423 3,063 2.0 1,607 550 905 0 115,424 75.3 15,505 5,891 92,604 1,423 34,702 22.7 7,493 2,355 24,854 0 185,382 100.0 2,956 976 181,451 0 2,294 1.2 2,294 0 0 181,221 97.8 662 976 179,583 1,867 1.0 0 0 1,867 : (,, 2015) 14 287, 224, 31, 32. 14 476, 185, 221, 70. - 20 -
2. 1 1., 1,., 5 3 1, ( 3 ). ( ) ( ),., 1 (2015, 2016, 2017 ) BAU 3 (2011~2013 ) BAU. BAU 3 (2011~2013 ) BAU. BAU, - 21 -
. 25%, 12.3%, 18.5% 8). [ 7], 2018 2019 2020 (BAU) 14.6 CO 2 eq 14.2 CO 2 eq 13.8 CO 2 eq 10.7% 11.5% 12.3% (2014~2020 ) 13.0 CO 2 eq 12.6 CO 2 eq 12.1 CO 2 eq,,. 5 1 ( 3 ) ( 4 ), 5 2.,,,,,,., 1 5 (,, 8) 1, 55~57-22 -
,, ), 23 (,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ( ),, ). 9), 1,.,.,. 1 (GF, Grandfathering) BM 2. GF ( ). BM,,. 1 GF. 10) BM, GF. 1 ( ), 2014 9 10 9),, 2014. 9. 11, 6-7. 10),, ( ) - 23 -
. 11, 12 1. 15 9,800 KAU, 2,850 KAU., (1), (2), (3). 12 16.., 21 1, 10%.,,,,,,. - 24 -
3. 3.1.. (land use) 5~10%, 40~50%,,.,,.,.,,,,. 17,.,, 32% - 25 -
, 11)., 2,400 12). 1990 (plantation forest),. 11),, (2013). 14., 523~557 12) The Finance and Expenditure Committee(2008). Climate Change (Emissions Trading and Renewable Preference) Bill - 26 -
3.2. ETS 2008, 2013. 13), $10 (levy) ETS.,. 20% ('05 ),, ETS.,,.,,. (Climate Change Response Act 2002), 13) Leining, C. and Kerr, S.(2016). Lessons Learned from the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme - 27 -
. ( ) 14),., (cleanfills),,,,., ETS (sunk investment), 15). 20% ('05 ),, ETS 16).,. (Climate Change (General Exemption) Order 2012),. 14) New Zealand Ministry for the Environment(2011). A guide to landfill methane in the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. Wellington: Ministry for the Environment. 15) New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme Review Panel(2011). Doing New Zealand's Fair Share. Emissions Trading Scheme Review 2011: Final Report. Wellington: Ministry for the Environment. 16) New Zealand Ministry for the Environment and The Treasury(2007). The Framework for a New Zealand Emission Trading Scheme. - 28 -
[ 8] ETS (1) 2011 12 31 (2) Climate Change (General Exemptions) Amendment Order 2012 Schedule 2 (3) 1 (mainland), 1,000 Schedule 2 150km 2, 500 Schedule 2 75km 3 25km,,, 17).,., 2012. 34, 18). 17) Ministry for the Environment(2012). Proposal to exempt small and remote landfills. 18) New Zealand Emissions Trading Register(2016). - 29 -
[ 9] No. No. 1 A B Lime Limited 18 2 Auckland Council Property Limited, Waste Management NZ Limited 19 Northland Regional Landfill Limited Partnership Porirua City Council, Wellington City Council 3 Central Hawke's Bay District Council 20 Rotorua District Council 4 Clutha District Council 21 Ruapehu District Council 5 Enviro Waste Services Limited 22 Scope Resources Limited 6 Far North District Council 23 South Waikato District Council 7 Grey District Council 24 Tasman District Council 8 H.G. Leach & Company Limited 25 Taupo District Council 9 Hastings District Council 26 The Dunedin City Council 10 Her Majesty the Queen in right of her Government in New Zealand acting by and through the Chief of Defence Force(NZDF) 27 Timaru District Council 11 Horowhenua District Council 28 Transwaste Canterbury Limited 12 Hutt City Council 29 Wairoa District Council 13 Kaikoura District Council 30 Waitaki District Council 14 Marlborough District Council 31 Waitomo District Council 15 Midwest Disposals Limited 32 Waste Management NZ Limited 16 Nelson City Council 33 Wellington City Council 17 New Plymouth District Council 34 Westland District Council https://www.eur.govt.nz/common/informationreports.aspx. - 30 -
.,., (Technical Advisory Group).,,, (Waste Technical Advisory Group, Waste TAG) 2010 3 4 2 3,, (Ministry for the Environment)., 10,,,., (Review Panel) 2012, 2016. - 31 -
[ 10] ETS No. - 2013 ETS Emission Trading Scheme Review 1 2011 - Issues Statement and 2011 3 - $25 $27.5 Call for Written - Submissions 2013 2 Background for NZ ETS Review 2011 8 - ETS - ETS 3 ETS Review 2011 Summary of Submission 2011 8 -, - - ETS -, ETS 4 Doing New Zealand's Fair Share - Emission Trading Scheme Review 2011 / Final Report 2011 9 2012, 2013 - ETS -, ETS 1) 2) - 32 -
3) - ETS, Updating the New 5 Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme: A Consultation 2012 4 ETS Document - -, 6 Proposal to Exempt Small and Remote Landfills 2012 5 - ETS, - ETS, Consultation on 7 Proposed Updates to ETS Operational 2013 4 - (, 1.10 tco 2 eq 1.31 tco 2 eq ) Regulations ETS 2012-2012 ETS Amendments: Key 2 1 NZU( ) (One 8 Changes for Participants and 2012 11 for Two) - 2012,, Industrial Allocation (Synthetic Greenhouse Gas) Recipients - 33 -
9 Consultation on Proposed Updates to the Climate Change (Waste) Regulations 2010 2015 7-10% 1.31 1.19 -, 10 Phase out of the One-for-Two Transitional Measure from the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme 2016 5-2017 1 1 2019 1 1 1 One for Two - (Waste Minimisation Act 2008), 2008.., (Waste Minimisation Fund),,. ETS 2013 1 1 19)., 19) Waste Management, a division of Transpacific Industries Group (NZ) Ltd(2009). Submission on behalf of Waste Management to the Emission Trading Scheme Review Select Committee. - 34 -
ETS.,,. [ 11] 2008 (Waste Minimisation Act 2008) 2002 (Local Government Act) 2002 (Climate Change Response Act) - (Waste Management and Minimisation Plan, WMMP)' - $10 (levy) 20),, (Waste Minimisation Fund) - (Product Stewardship),,, - (Long-term Council Community Plan) 3, WMMP - 2012 -, - 35 -
1996 (Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act) 1991 (Resource Management Act), -,,,,, -, - 2007 10 100, - ( ), 20) New Zealand Ministry for the Environment(2015). About the waste disposal levy. http://www.mfe.govt.nz/waste/waste-disposal-levy/about-levy. - 36 -
3.3. EU ETS EU (European Union Emission Trading Scheme, EU ETS) 4 (,, ( ), ), (Effort Sharing Decision, ESD). 2013 2020,, ( ), (2020 2005 10% ), 1. EU ETS EU. (ESD). 60% EU ETS 21),, EU ETS 1 2. (ESD), (European Commission, EC) (Waste Framework Directive),,. (Landfill Directive) (Waste Incineration Directive),. (Landfill Allowance Trading Scheme) 21). (2014). EU 2030. 14-5 15~22. - 37 -
22). [ 12] EU (Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC) (Waste Incineration Directive 2000/76/EC) - - - 5, 8, 15 75%, 50%, 35% - - - NOx, SO 2, HCl, HF EU (Landfill Taxes), (Landfill Bans),. 2005 2013 25% 2020 2005 10% ESD 23)., EU ETS 1 2., (National Allocation Plan) (Community 22). (2005)., 4. http://www.eishub.or.kr/envregulation/trend_view.asp?idx=33493&gotopage=318&top=n 23) AEA (2012), "Next phase of the European Climate Change Programme: Analysis of Member States actions to implement the Effort Sharing Decision and options for further community wide measures, waste sector - policy case studies report" - 38 -
legislative and policy instruments considered),,.,, 4 24).. 24) Hellenic Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public works. (2004). National Allocation Plan for the Period 2005-2007. - 39 -
제 3 장지자체등폐기물부문할당대상업체제도개선요청사항검토 1. 40, 2015 3, 2016.,,. 10, 7, 3. 1 [ 13] ( ) 2 3 4 5 6 7-40 -
[ 14] ( ) ( ) 1 2 3,,. - 41 -
1.1. 3. 7,. 7 8.. 2,. 13 2 2 3%, 14., 1 100 30, 2 100 30, 3 100 10, 100 5 3,,. - 42 -
( ) ( ) - 43 -
( ) ( ) - 44 -
, 4. [ 15] (1) - (2) - (3) -,, (4) -, 1.,,,. - 45 -
- 46 - ( )
- 47 -
- 48 - ( )
( ) ( ) - 49 -
( ) ( ) - 50 -
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) - 51 -
,, 1 12.3%.,,,. ( ) - 52 -
( ) ( ) - 53 -
,,.,,,,,,. 2011 2,,,., ( ), ( ), (,, ), ( ), ( ), (, ).,.,., 10% 10.,.,, (, ),,.,, 2015 43%. - 54 -
- 55 - ( )
( ) ( ) - 56 -
- 57 - ( )
- 58 - ( )
( ) ( ) - 59 -
- 60 - ( )
( ) ( ). - 61 -
( ) ( ) ( ) - 62 -
,. 2011 ~2013.,,. ( ) - 63 -
- 64 - ( )
,.,,...,. ( ) - 65 -
( ) ( ) ( ) - 66 -
,.,.,,.,. ( ) ( ) - 67 -
- 68 - ( )
1.2. 3, 1 ( ). 3 1, 2, 3. 2020 9.9%(17 ), 1,682 25)., 25%.,. ( ) 10,. 10%,., 25) (2014), - 69 -
76%,,,., 99% ( ) 2. - 70 -
- 71 - ( )
2. 2.1..,,, 7 5, 6. [ 16] ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7, 2-72 -
2.,. [ 17] ( ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8-73 -
2.1.1. 2015 2016,.. ( 14 ),, EU. [ 18] - = ( ) / - = ( + ) / ( + ),., - 74 -
26).,. 1 ) 2 ) 1.,,.,,., 2,,.,, 1. 26) (2012), - 75 -
,, ( ) ETS., 1.,. 14, 1~3 1 4.,,., 100 50 14,. - 76 -
[ 19] ( 14 ) 14 ( ) 12 4. 1. 1 100 30 2. 1 100 30 3. 1 100 10, 100 5 < > 14 ( ) 1 12 4. 1. 1 100 30 2. 1 100 30 3. 1 100 10, 100 5 2 100 50 1. 3 2. - 77 -
2.1.2..,,. ( ).,.,., 94 1 2 27) ( ) ( ), 27) 94 ( ) 1.,. 1. 26 ( ) 2. 3. 2. 3 1 1 92. 4 1 20 ( ) 96. - 78 -
,.,. ( ),., ( ),., ( ),., 12 1 7 28) 13 1 6 29),., 28) ( 可燃性 ) 29) ( 可燃性 ) ( 25 4 " ". ) (. ) - 79 -
.,,,.,., ( ),. - 80 -
2.1.3. 1........ 1 ) - 81 -
2 ) 1,. 1. 2.,,. 2. - 82 -
2.1.4..,,,., 2. 1 ) 2 ) 1. (Combined Heat and Power),. 1.0. - 83 -
.. 1 2.,,.. - 84 -
2.1.5.,, 30). 30%. 31). ETS.,. (30% ). 30) 16 1 31) (2015), - 85 -
32), 2.,..,,.,,. 5 55,, (, 10% ).,.. 32) - 86 -
. 33).,,,,., 3. 1 ) 2 ) 34) 3 ) 1. 1, 33) 5 :, (,,,, ). 34) 21 3, (, ) 30%. - 87 -
. 1. 1,. 2. 30%, 50%... 3. 7 1 1 2 3.. 2 3, - 88 -
. 2,,. 3.,. 21, 13, 14, 17., 5%.,. [ 20] ( 21 13 ) 21 ( ) 1~5 ( ) 21 ( ) 1~5 ( ) < > 6 16 1 2 ( ㆍ, ) - 89 -
100 5 3,. 6~9 ( ) 13 ( ) 1 12 1 6 7 21 ( " " ). 7~10. ( ) 13 ( ) 1--------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ -----------. 1. ~ 6. ( ) 1. ~ 6. ( ) < > 7. 5 55,, ( - 90 -
) 2 1 7. 1. 5, 14 29 2. 11 42 3. 24 4. 48 5. 34 4 7. ( ) 8. ( ) 14 ( ) 1 13 1 ( " " ),. 10. 14 ( )1---------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------. 1. ~ 9. ( ) 1. ~ 9. ( ) < > 10. ( 13 1 7 ): - 91 -
,,, 10. ( ) 11. ( ) 17 ( ) 1. 2. 1. ~ 7. ( ) 17 ( )1----------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ -----------------------------------. 1. ~ 7. ( ) < > 8. 13 1 7 : 2 1 1 8. 13 1 7 : 9. 13 1 8 ----------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ --------- 2 1 1-92 -
3 [, 1 4 8 ( 加減 ) ]. 3 [, 1 4 9 ( 加減 ) ] [ 21] ( ) ( 2),. 12-93 -
. : : (k) (tco 2 -eq) : (k) (tco 2 -eq) : (AF 1.0). - 94 -
2.1.6. 13, 35). 36)... 37) (,,, ). 1, 38). 39). 35) ( 6 1 ). 36) 23. 29. 37) 38) 11. 39) (2015), - 95 -
.,.,.,. 1 ) 2 ) ( )..,, 40).., 40) 3 ( 25 2 ). - 96 -
..,. [ 22] (1 ) - -, - - ( ) (2 ) - - - - -, - ( ),..,. - 97 -
. 2 41). 1 ) BM ( ), ( ) 2 ) 1.. ( : 10% ), ( ) 2., GF. BM GF ( )., GF,. 2,. 41) (2015), - 98 -
... 2 1 (BM, ( ) ). [ 23] (1 ) BM - BM BM & - BM - - BM (2 ) - - - ( ) 13 21 1. - 99 -
17 1 3 22 3. 6, 9, 13 1, 2, 3 42). [ 24] ( 13 1, 17 21 1 ) 13 ( ) 1 4 ( 4 ) ( " " ). 13 ( ) 1--------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ -----------------. 1. ~ 3. ( ) 1. ~ 3. ( ) 4. 5. 6. 7. 4 6 17 ( ) 1 12 16 ㆍ ( ) < > 17 ( ) 1--------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ 42),, 1, 2, 3-100 -
. -----------------. 1. ~ 2. ( ) 1. ~ 2. ( ) 3. 3 < > 21 ( ) 1 16 1 2 ㆍ, 3. 22 ( ) 1 ~ 2 ( ) 3 17 1 3. 6 ( ) 1 13 1 15 1 21 ( ) 1 16 1 2 ㆍ, 3. 22 ( ) 1 ~ 2 ( ) < > 6 ( ) 1--------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ - 101 -
,. 6. 1. ( ) 2.. ~. ( ). ( ) 3 1 2. 1. ~ 8. ( ) ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ---. 1. ( ) 2.---------------------------------- ----------.. ~. ( ) < > < > 9 ( ) 1, 12 2 12 1. 1. 1. ( ) 9 ( ) 1--------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ -----------------------------. 1. ( ) - 102 -
2.. ~. ( ) 3 1 2. 1. ~ 4. ( ) 13 ( ) 1 12 1 6 7 21 ( ). 1. ( 100 10. ) 2 1 1. < > < > 13 ( ) 1 ----- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------. 1. ( 100 10. ) 2 1 1., - 103 -
, 100 10. 14 ( ) 1 13 1 ( ),. 10. 1. ~ 3. ( ) 4. ( 13 1 1 ):,, 17 ( ) 1 100 10. 14 ( )1--------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ---. 1. ~ 3. ( ) 4. ( 13 1 1 ):,,,,, ( ) 17 ( )1----------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ - 104 -
. 2. 1. 13 1 1 : 2. 13 1 1 : 25 ( ) 17 ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ----------------------------. 1. 13 1 1 : (,.,, ) 2. 13 1 1 : (,.,, ) 25 ( ) ------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ - 105 -
. 1. ( ) 2. 3 ( ) 27 ( ) 1 ~ 2 ( ) 33 ( ) 1 26 30 ( ). 3. 1. ( ) 2. 27 : (, ) -----------. 1. ( ) < > < > 33 ( )1----------------------------- ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ ------------------------------------ --------------. 1. ( ) < > - 106 -
2.1.7.,. 43) 44). 5%,...,. 45) [ 25] ( 1 6) -, 1 3 43) 3,000 (tco 2-eq). 44) 100 (tco 2-eq). 45) (2015), - 107 -
,, ( ),..,. 2011 ~2014 0.64%(3,000 ), 0.23%(100 ).,,.. 5% 46) 46) 11 ( ) - 108 -
47).,, 3.,., 1%.,,., 3.,...., 1. 47) (2015), - 109 -
.. 9 1. [ 26] ( 9 ) 9 ( ) 1 ~ 3 ( ) 4 1. 9 ( ) 1 ~ 3 ( ) 4 1. 1. ~ 3. ( ) 1. ~ 3. ( ) < > 4. (, 5%, ) [ 27] ( 1) ( ) - 110 -
5) ( ) ㅇ., ( 年 ) 3,000 tco 2 -eq. ㅇ.,. - 111 -
2.1.8. 5, 23, 60%..,.,,.,. EU,.,,,. - 112 -
,. - 113 -
2.2. 3 1, 2, 3.,.,. [ 28] (1) - (2) - 76% (3),, - (4) 99% -,,.,,., (, ).,. - 114 -
제 4 장폐기물부문기타개선과제,,., 2.,,. 1.,,.. - 115 -
DB. DB. 25 ( ). 1, 2 3, 3 1, 4, 5. 30.. - 116 -
DB. DB. - 117 -
2.,,. [ 5] 3 2. [ 5], [ 6],,. - 118 -
[ 6],.,..., IT 1.,, Tier1, 2,. 2 Tier3,. 1-119 -
. ( ), DB.,.,,. - 120 -
제 5 장결론,., 1 60 3 1 ( ),,. 8, 3. ( ).,,.,,,.,, - 121 -
.,.,.,,., ( (5%), ( ), ). - 122 -
참고문헌 < > < >. 2014.. 2014.. 2015... 2016.,. 2016.. 2016.. 2015.. 2014.. 2014.. 2014.. 2014. EU 2030. 14-5 - 123 -
,,. 2013. 14., 2012.. 2012.. 2014.1.28., 2020. 2014.12.1., 525. 2016.5.16.. 2016.2.25. - 124 -
< > AEA. 2012. Next Phase of the European Climate Change Programme: Analysis of Member States Actions to Implement the Effort Sharing Decision and Options for Further Community Wide Measures, Waste Sector - Policy Case Studies Report. Carbon Market Watch. 2014. Tackling 60% of the EU's Climate Problem - The Legislative Framework of the EFfort Sharing Decision. CDC Climat Research. 2010. Tackling Greenhouse Emissions from Forestry & Agriculture: What Can We Learn from New Zealand. European Union. 2009. Decision No 406/2009/EC of European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the Effect of Member STates to Reduce their Greenhouse Gas Emissions to Meet the Community's Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Commitments up to 2020. Hellenic Ministry for the Environment, Physical Planning and Public Works. 2004. National Allocation Plan for the Period 2005-2007. Leining, C. and Kerr, S. 2016. Lessons Learned from the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme Review Panel. 2011. Doing New Zealand's Fair Share - Emissions Trading Scheme Review 2011: Final Report. New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority. 2015. 2014 Emissions Trading Scheme Report. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2016. The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme Evaluation 2016. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2016. The New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme Review 2015/16: Forestry Technical Note. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2015. Consultation on Proposed Updates to the Climate Change (Waste) Regulations 2010. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2014. NZ ETS 2014 - Facts and - 125 -
Figures. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2013. Consultation on Proposed Updates to ETS Operational Regulations. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2012. ETS 2012 Amendments: Key Changes for Participants and Industrial Allocation Recipients. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2012. Proposal to Exempt Small and Remote Landfills. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2011. A Guide to Landfill Methane in the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2011. Emissions Trading Scheme Review 2011: Issues statement. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment. 2009. Fact sheet: Industrial Allocation under the New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme (NZ ETS). New Zealand Finance and Expenditure Committee. 2008. Climate Change (Emissions Trading and Renewable Preference) Bill. New Zealand Ministry for the Environment and the Treasury. 2007. The Framework for a New Zealand Emission Trading Scheme. New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 2010. New Zealand Emissions Trading Scheme Regulatory Impact Statement. New Zealand Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. 2009. A Forestry Sector Study. Waste Management, a Division of Transpacific Industries Group (NZ) Ltd. 2009. Submission on Behalf of Waste Management to the Emission Trading Scheme Review Select Committee. - 126 -
< > (International Emissions Trading Association). http://www.ieta.org/ (International Carbon Action Partnership). https://icapcarbonaction.com/en/. https://www.eur.govt.nz. http://www.mfe.govt.nz (European Commission Effort Sharing Decision). https://ec.europa.eu/clima/policies/effort/index_en.htm.. http://www.eishub.or.kr - 127 -
(1) 6 13 ( ) 1 4 ( 4 ) ( " " ). 1. ~ 3. ( ) 4. 5. 6. 7. 4 6 17 ( ) 1 12 16 ㆍ ( ). 1. ~ 2. ( ) 13 ( ) 1----------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- -----------. 1. ~ 3. ( ) < > 17 ( ) 1----------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------------- --------. 1. ~ 2. ( ) - 128 -
3. 3 < > (2) 1 14 ( ) 12 4. 1. 1 100 30 2. 1 100 30 3. 1 100 10, 100 5 14 ( ) 1 12 4. 1. 1 100 30 2. 1 100 30 3. 1 100 10, 100 5 < > 2 100 50 1. 3 2. 6 21 ( ) 21 ( ) - 129 -
1 16 1 2 1 16 1 2 ㆍ, ㆍ, 3. 4/5 2~5 ( ) 2~5 ( ) < > 6 16 1 2 ( ㆍ, ) 100 5 3,. 6~9 ( ) 6 22 ( ) 1 ~ 2 ( ) 3 17 1 3 7~10. ( ) 22 ( ) 1 ~ 2 ( ) < > - 130 -
. (3) 6 6 ( ) 1 13 1 15 1,. 6. 1. ( ) 2.. ~. ( ). ( ) 2 ( ) 3 1 2. 1. ~ 8. ( ) 6 ( ) 1--------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---. 1. ( ) 2.--------------------------- ---------------------. ~. ( ) < > 2 ( ) < > 9 ( 9 ( - 131 -
) 1, 12 2 12 1. 1. 1. ( ) 2.. ~. ( ) 2 ( ) 3 1 2. 1. ~ 4. ( ) 7 4 1. 1. ~ 3. ( ) )1---------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ --. 1. ( ) < > 2 ( ) < > 4 1. 1. ~ 3. ( ) < > 4. (, 5%, - 132 -
6 13 ( ) 1 12 1 6 7 21 ( ). 1. ( 100 10. ) ) 13 ( ) 1---------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ---------. 1. ( 100 10. ) - 2. ~ 6. ( ) 2. ~ 6. ( ) - 4/5 < > 7. 5 55,, ( ) - 133 -
2 1 7. 1. 5, 14 29 2. 11 42 3. 24 4. 48 5. 34 4-7. ( ) 8. ( ) 6 2 1 1., 100 10. 6 14 ( ) 1 13 1 2 1 1., 100 10. 14 ( ) 1--------------- ------------------------------ - 134 -
( ),. 10. 1. ~ 3. ( ) 4. ( 16 1 1 ):,, ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -------------. 1. ~ 3. ( ) 4. ( 16 1 1 ):,,,,, ( ) - 5. ~ 9. ( ) 5. ~ 9. ( ) - 4/5 < > 10. ( 13 1 7 ):,,, 10. ( ) 11. ( ) - 2 ~ 4 ( ) 2 ~ 4 ( ) - 6 17 ( ) 1 17 ( ) 1----------------- - 135 -
. 2. 1. 13 1 1 : 2. 13 1 1 : ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------. 1. 13 1 1 : (,.,, ) 2. 13 1 1 : (,.,, ) - 3. ~ 7. ( ) 3. ~ 7. ( ) - 4/5 < > 8. 13 1 7-136 -
8. 13 1 7 : 2 1 1 3 [, 1 4 8 ( 加減 ) ]. : 9. 13 1 8 :--------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -- 2 1 1 3 [, 1 4 9 ( 加減 ) ]. - 137 -
- 3 ~ 6 ( ) 3 ~ 6 ( ) - 6 25 ( ) 17. 1. ( ) 2. 3 ( ) 25 ( ) ------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ -----------. 1. ( ) < > 27 ( ) 1 ~ 2 ( ) < > 33 ( ) 1 26 30 ( ) 33 ( ) 1----------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ - 138 -
. 3. 1. ( ) 2. 27 : (, ) 7 1( ) 1) ~ 4) ( ) 5) ( ) ㅇ. ------------------------------ -----------. 1. ( ) < > 1( ) 1) ~ 4) ( ) 5) ( ) ㅇ., ( 年 ) 3,000 tco 2 eq - - 139 -
. ㅇ. - ㅇ 3 ( ) 4/5 2( ) ~ ( ) < > ㅇ.,. ㅇ 3 ( ) 2( ) ~ ( ) - - 140 -
,. 12. : - 141 -
: (k) (tco 2-eq) : (k) (tco 2-eq) : (AF 1.0). ( ) ( ) - 142 -