( 뒷면 ) ( 앞면 ) 주 의 ( 편집순서 8) 천적이리응애 Neoseiulus californicus 산업화를 통한 사과원 응애관리 보안과제 ( ), 일반과제 ( O ) 과제번호 ARPC 09-0176 (15 포인트고딕계열 ) 6cm 농 림 부
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Ⅰ. 제목 Ⅱ. 연구개발의목적및필요성 Ⅲ. 연구개발내용및범위 - 3 -
Ⅳ. 연구개발결과 - 4 -
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Ⅴ. 연구성과및성과활용계획 - 6 -
SUMMARY ( 영문요약문 ). - 7 -
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CONTENTS ( 영문목차 ) - 10 -
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온도 ( ) 알유충제 1 약충제 2 약충성충발현전기간암컷비율 12 6.50±0.44a 2.91±0.13a 4.45±0.30a 4.45±0.29a 18.38±0.73a (36) (36) (35) (35) (34) 16 3.02±0.19b 1.73±0.12b 3.36±0.12b 3.30±0.15b 11.48±0.20b (34) (34) (33) (33) (32) 20 2.92±0.15b 1.76±0.08b 2.09±0.09c 1.95±0.09c 8.73±0.12c (42) (42) (42) (42) (42) 24 2.09±0.14c 1.09±0.04c 1.16±0.05de 1.64±0.12c 6.00±0.18d (42) (42) (42) (42) (42) 28 1.17±0.08d 0.74±0.05d 1.04±0.05de 0.87±0.04d 3.82±0.10e (35) (35) (35) (35) (35) 32 0.98±0.05d 0.55±0.02d 0.82±0.04e 0.61±0.03d 2.98±0.04e (44) (43) (42) (42) (41) 36 0.83±0.02d 0.56±0.02d 0.96±0.03de 0.79±0.03d 3.23±0.05e (71) (76) (77) (80) (80) 38 0.75±0.04d 0.52±0.01d 1.37±0.03d 1.10±0.03d 3.75±0.08e (38) (38) (35) (35) (35) 40 0.89±0.06d (41) 0.53 0.41 0.40 0.51 0.51 0.46 0.57 0.49-20 -
1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.4 Egg 0.6 0.4 Larva 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.4 Protonymph 0.6 0.4 Deutonymph 0.2 0.2 Cumulative probability 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Total immature 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 Observed Estimated 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Normalized time - 21 -
사막이리응애의 Weibull 분포발육단계 η β γ r² 알유충제 1 약충제 2 약충성충발현전기간 1.319 3.259-0.374 (0.6495) (1.7504) (0.6340) 0.568 2.598 0.186 (0.3355) (1.5998) (0.3228) 1.106 4.234-0.228 (1.0132) (4.2568) (0.9990) 0.526 1.463 0.302 (0.1836) (0.5382) (0.1615) 0.734 5.007 0.260 (0.5365) (3.9507) (0.5313) 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.91 0.92-22 -
알유충제 1 약충제 2 약충성충출현전기간 Logan6 0.9543 a 0.9541 0.9318 0.9877 0.9838 0.9848 b 0.9645 0.9403 0.8720 0.9718 0.4600 c 0.8336 0.7546 0.7957 0.8450 Lactin 1 0.9634 0.9641 0.9496 0.9779 0.9872 0.9886 0.9734 0.9552 0.9040 0.9788 0.4640 0.8336 0.7546 0.7957 0.8507 Lactin 2 0.9542 0.9572 0.9433 0.9914 0.9230 0.9872 0.9685 0.9460 0.9230 0.9745 0.5743 0.8952 0.9194 0.9257 0.9916 Briere 1 0.9484 0.9274 0.9229 0.7875 0.9102 0.9623 0.9605 0.9508 0.9389 0.9682 0.5477 0.8902 0.8901 0.9105 0.9597 Briere 2 0.9523 0.9300 0.9023 0.9299 0.9444 0.9853 0.9703 0.9509 0.9208 0.9768 0.5674 0.9029 0.9628 0.9162 0.9913 Taylor 0.9581 0.9412 0.8956 0.7711 0.9249 0.9716 0.9488 0.9320 0.9326 0.9627 0.5116 0.8679 0.8769 0.8713 0.9389 Ψ ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ λ σ Ψ ρ σ - 23 -
알유충제 1 약충제 2 약충성충출현전기간 AT * Gotoh Canlas AT Gotoh Canlas AT Gotoh Canlas AT Gotoh Canlas AT Gotoh Canlas Logan6 Ψ 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.12 0.99 1.00 0.09 0.99 1.00 0.04 0.99 1.00 0.01 1.00 1.00 ρ 0.13 0.16 0.12 0.10 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.16 0.13 0.16 0.15 TL 47.35 46.30 47.75 71.05 41.33 42.29 135.54 41.86 42.18 73.83 41.41 41.70 106.44 46.67 44.97 T 7.64 6.22 8.41 5.63 6.09 6.90 6.02 6.48 7.32 4.38 6.89 6.20 5.25 6.41 6.50 Optimal 39.71 40.08 39.34 65.42 35.24 35.39 129.52 35.38 34.86 69.46 34.52 35.49 101.19 40.26 38.47 Lactin 1 ρ 0.13 0.16 0.11 0.13 0.16 0.14 0.15 0.15 0.14 0.17 0.14 0.16 0.15 0.16 0.15 TL 45.68 39.59 48.84 43.53 37.71 40.46 39.66 37.97 40.12 39.41 37.93 38.40 40.90 38.33 39.78 T 7.64 6.22 9.03 7.59 6.09 6.91 6.53 6.48 7.32 5.72 6.89 6.20 6.56 6.40 6.78 Optimal 38.04 33.37 39.81 35.94 31.62 33.55 33.13 31.50 32.80 33.69 31.04 32.20 34.34 31.93 33.00 Lactin 2 ρ 0.13 0.17 0.03 0.14 0.14 0.06 0.15 0.13 0.05 0.18 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.13 0.02 TL 45.56 40.00 66.97 42.88 38.40 46.73 39.83 39.00 47.44 39.23 42.68 45.29 42.80 39.30 59.45 T 7.53 5.72 15.07 7.07 6.86 9.11 6.79 7.62 10.76 5.43 9.82 9.88 2.02 7.46 16.22 λ 0.01 0.05-1.15 0.10-0.32-1.50-0.05-0.24-1.33 0.08-1.36-1.52-1.11-0.05-1.11 Optimal 38.03 34.27 51.91 35.82 31.54 37.61 33.04 31.38 36.68 33.80 32.86 35.40 40.78 31.85 43.24 Briere 1 a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 T0 5.61 8.88 2.89 3.39 10.20 7.87 9.24 8.90 7.19 11.35 7.72 10.75 8.76 9.25 9.14 TL 51.87 43.63 53.87 48.16 37.55 42.03 39.16 37.66 39.98 39.34 37.18 38.36 41.69 38.47 40.28 Optimal 42.10 35.92 43.40 38.88 31.26 34.52 32.41 31.16 32.79 32.85 30.63 31.98 34.36 31.85 33.28 Briere 2 a 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 T0-1.56 4.01 7.37-1.19 6.38 10.36 6.87 4.66 11.23 8.56 8.89 12.87 5.38 4.62 11.74 TL 40.10 35.00 83.46 39.39 35.20 71.93 38.38 35.34 69.55 38.14 38.31 63.34 38.52 35.22 69.98 m 17.42 56.51 0.58 6.75 5.73 0.47 2.99 5.04 0.37 4.10 1.56 0.39 4.82 6.81 0.40 Optimal 38.96 34.71 46.50 36.63 32.66 37.77 33.43 32.37 33.50 34.53 30.28 32.41 35.18 32.98 35.10 Taylor R 1.44 0.92 0.99 1.97 2.35 2.00 1.28 1.24 1.02 1.59 1.17 1.06 0.32 0.30 0.28 Tm 40.97 35.75 42.87 38.54 30.54 34.93 30.91 30.46 32.55 31.81 29.39 31.48 33.77 31.49 33.18 Tσ 13.96 11.44 16.04 13.75 8.91 11.75 8.55 9.39 10.93 7.54 9.16 9.28 10.05 9.73 10.58-24 -
1.6 2.4 1.2 Egg 2.0 1.6 Larva 0.8 1.2 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 1.6 2.0 1.2 Protonymph 1.6 Deutonymph 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 0 10 20 30 40 50 Developmental rate (1/days) 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Total immature 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 Temperature ( o C) Observed Logan6 Lactin1 Lactin2 Briere1 Briere2 Linear - 25 -
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0.10 0.08 Observed Estimated 50 40 0.06 30 Developmental rate 0.04 0.02 0.00 15 20 25 30 35 40 Temperature ( o C) Fecundity 20 10 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Temperature ( o C) 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 Cumulative o 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.9 1.2 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Normalized age Normalized age Cumulative su 0.2-27 -
4 3 2 1 Number of d 0 10 20 Days 30 40 50 60 10 15 Temp 20 25 30 35 o C) - 28 -
초기밀도 사과잎에서의포식량 배잎에서의포식량 5 4.67±0.187 d * 4.78±0.222 c 10 7.50±0.479 cd 9.22±0.324 cb 20 11.25±0.827 c 10.06±0.818 cb 40 19.54±1.148 b 13.13±1.757 b 80 22.37±2.764 ab 26.75±1.176 a 120 29.6±3.371 a 30.61±2.306 a 함수의종류사과배 Rogers a: 0.076±0.022 Th: 0.62±0.061 a: 0.047±0.012 Th: 0.56±0.069-29 -
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70 70 60 50 T. urticae Control 60 50 Top 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 70 60 No. of mites per leaflet 50 40 30 20 10 Middle 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Date 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Bottom T. urticae N. californicus per leaflet T. urticae No. of 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 T. urticae Control Bottom Middle Top 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 N. californicus 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Date Date per leaflet N. californic No. o 12 10 8 6 4 2-34 -
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10 10 5 5 0-10 -5 0 5 10-5 TSSM(Top) 0-10 -5 0 5 10 TSSM (Middle) -5-10 -10 10 10 Log ( variation ) 5 0-10 -5 0 5 10-5 TSSM (Bottom) 5 0-10 -5 0 5 10-5 Total -10-10 Number of TSSM per leaflet - 36 -
4 4 2 2 0-4 -2 0 2 4-2 Nc (Top) 0-4 -2 0 2 4 Nc (Middle) -2-4 -4 4 4 Log ( variation ) 2 0-4 -2 0 2 4-2 -4 Nc (Bottom) 2 0-4 -2 0 2 4-2 -4 Total Number of Nc per leaflet - 37 -
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2 2 TSSM Nc (Top) 1 1 0 0-1 -1-2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30-2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 2 1 TSSM 2 1 Nc (Middle) 0 0 Ratio -1-2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30-1 -2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 2 1 TSSM 2 1 Nc (Bottom) 0 0-1 -1 Outer Inner -2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30-2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 DAYS - 43 -
1.0 1.0 0.8 TSSM outer inner 0.8 Nc 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 Ratio 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0-44 -
18 18 16 16 14 14 12 12 10 8 1: 2 10 8 1: 5 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 2D Graph 1 Average No. of mites per l 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 T. urticae N. californicus 1: 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Date 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 Control - 45 -
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140 Egg 250 140 Immature 250 120 200 120 200 100 80 150 100 80 150 60 100 60 100 40 20 50 40 20 50 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 10 8 Nc Nw Nc+Nw Control Adult male 10 8 10 8 Adult female 10 8 6 6 6 6 4 4 4 4 Mean number o 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Day Mean number o - 49 -
14 Egg 14 Immature 12 12 10 10 8 8 6 6 4 4 2 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 14 12 Nc Nw Nc+Nw Adult male 14 12 Adult female 10 10 8 8 6 6 Number of phyt 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 4 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Day - 50 -
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0.6 2.5 0.5 Nc Nw Adult male 2.0 Adult female 0.4 1.5 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 0.5 Number of 0.0 0.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Day - 52 -
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30 60 25 50 20 Top 40 Middle 15 30 10 20 5 10 per leaflet T. urticae 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 70 60 50 Observed R-function N&E function Functional response 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 40 Average no. of 30 20 10 Bottom 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Date - 54 -
피식자 a b c 포식자 d e f 함수1 Top -0.146 0.007-0.116 Top -0.112 0.016-0.055 Middle 0.057 0.001-0.102 Middle -0.297 0.009 0.021 Bottom 0.118-0.004-0.085 Bottom -0.076 0.006-0.006 r K g h m 함수2 Top -0.449 26.098 0.047 Top 0.010 0.199 Middle -0.123 14.522 0.094 Middle 0.006 0.104 Bottom 0.402 114.0 0.160 Bottom 0.009 0.094 r K s u v x m 함수3 Top -0.502 36.633-0.251 0.166 Top 4.369 6.563 0.638 Middle -0.260 71.283-0.045-1.340 Middle 0.186 0.399 0.300 Bottom 0.008 3.767-0.042-0.301 Bottom 0.171 0.306 0.306 6 8 5 6 4 3 Top 4 Middle 2 2 1 per leaflet 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 12 N. c alifornicusaverage no. o 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Date Bottom Observed R-function N&E function Functional response - 55 -
10 10 8 8 6 1: 2 6 1: 5 4 4 2 2 per leaflett. urticae 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 20 15 10 1: 10 T. urticae R-function N&E function Functional response 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Average no. of 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Date - 56 -
피식자 a b c 포식자 d e f 함수1 1:2 0.033-0.012-0.101 1:2-0.208 0.081-0.214 1:5-0.429 0.029-0.252 1:5-0.246 0.005-0.131 1:10 0.554-0.036-0.875 1:10-1.164-0.003 0.967 r K g h m 함수2 1:2-0.799 10.401-0.067 1:2-0.009 0.250 1:5-0.625 39.848-0.178 1:5-0.022 0.237 1:10 0.053 1.185-0.322 1:10-0.029 0.111 r K s u v x m 함수3 1:2-0.878 9.914 0.111 0.096 1:2 0.759 2.681 0.530 1:5-0.701 27.572-42397 65336 1:5 13.027 22.471 0.859 1:10 0.624 0.909-0.175-0.278 1:10 179.5 75.726 2.524 4 4 3 3 2 2 1: 5 1 per leaflet 1: 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 1 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 12 N. californicus 10 8 6 Average No. of 4 2 Date 1: 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 N. californicus R-function N&E function Functional response - 57 -
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온도 ( ) 알유충제 1 약충제 2 약충 성충발현 전기간 15 5.24±0.12 2.09±0.06 4.45±0.13 3.52±0.17 15.28±0.21 (18) (18) (18) (18) (18) 20 2.11±0.08 0.98±0.08 1.71±0.07 1.50±0.08 6.29±0.03 (16) (16) (16) (16) (16) 25 1.10±0.02 0.69±0.07 1.14±0.03 0.90±0.03 3.82±0.08 (16) (16) (16) (16) (16) 30 0.84±0.06 0.55±0.04 0.97±0.05 1.00±0.23 3.37±0.24 (16) (16) (16) (16) (16) 35 0.82±0.07 0.55±0.04 1.03±0.05 1.08±0.09 3.43±0.13 (17) (17) (17) (17) (17) 암컷비율 0.75 0.74 0.77 0.73 0.68-68 -
온도 순증가율 (Ro) 내적자연증가율 (r) 평균세대기간 먹이종류 15 26.78 0.09 36.94 P. ulmi(egg) 20 38.39 0.19 19.45 25 49.24 0.25 15.31 30 35.09 0.3 11.80 35 6.81 0.18 10.70-69 -
알유충제 1 약충제 2 약충성충출현전기간 Logan6 Ψ 3.49 1.56 0.21 0.15 0.07 ρ 0.16 0.10 0.16 0.16 0.15 TL 38.56 45.44 37.00 36.12 37.66 T 6.04 9.47 5.91 5.71 6.22 Optimal 32.52 r 2 0.91 0.48 0.93 0.91 0.87 Lactin 1 ρ 0.16 0.10 0.17 0.16 0.15 TL 38.30 45.46 37.00 36.13 37.66 T 5.89 9.39 5.99 5.88 6.33 Optimal r 2 0.91 0.48 0.93 0.91 0.87 Lactin 2 ρ 0.08 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.01 TL 44.51 50.32 39.95 38.18 47.83 T 10.46 10.57 8.98 8.27 7.15 λ -0.98-1.09-0.66-0.71-1.23 Optimal r 2 0.98 0.57 0.99 0.99 0.99 Briere 1 a 0.0006 0.0003 0.0007 0.0009 0.0002 T0 11.35-2.71 10.54 10.82 9.95 TL 39.71 46.39 36.76 35.51 37.46 Optimal r 2 0.98 0.58 0.99 0.99 0.98 Briere 2 a 0.0004 2.5x10-6 0.0009 0.001 6.8x10-5 T0 11.68 5.98 9.91 10.61 11.21 TL 41.97 68.78 35.89 35.34 41.31 m 1.55 0.54 2.48 2.12 1.17 Optimal r 2 0.98 0.63 0.99 0.99 0.99 Taylor R 1.22 1.75 1.09 1.27 0.31 Tm 32.72 36.43 30.01 28.38 30.51 Tσ 9.37 14.59 8.56 7.44 8.99 r 2 0.98 0.56 0.96 0.96 0.99-70 -
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(A) N. californicus release (B) N. californicus no release Jun July Aug Sep Oct Jun July Aug Sep Oct P. ulmi / leaf 0 2 4 6 8 10 Motiles on random branch Adults on upper branch Adults on lower branch N. womersleyi / leaf 0.0 0.4 0.8 Adults on upper branch Adults on lower branch N. californicus / leaf 0.0 0.4 0.8 Adults on upper branch Adults on lower branch A. orientalis / leaf 0.0 0.4 0.8 Adults on upper branch Adults on lower branch Jun July Aug Sep Oct 2008 Jun July Aug Sep Oct 2008-82 -
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강낭콩파종 (20~35 ) 원예용상토에종자소독한강낭콩 파종 (2 4m) 1 주 강낭콩잎에점박이응애접종 (20~30 ) 강낭콩본엽이완전히전개되면점 박이응애접종 1 주 사막이리응애접종 (20~30 ) 점박이응애가강낭콩에적당한밀 도를유지하면사막이리응애접종 2 주 사막이리응애수확 (20~30 ) 점박이응애밀도가소멸하면수확 수확한사막이리응의저장 (10 ) 저장고에보관 - 86 -
200 150 점박이응애사막이리응애 개체수 100 50 0 6/21 6/23 6/25 6/27 6/29 7/1 7/3 7/5 7/7 접종후경과일수 - 87 -
400 점박이응애사막이리응애 300 개체수 200 100 0 6/21 6/23 6/25 6/27 6/29 7/1 7/3 7/5 7/7 접종후경과일수 500 400 점박이응애사막이리응애 300 개체수 200 100 0 6/21 6/23 6/25 6/27 6/29 7/1 7/3 7/5 7/7 접종후경과일수 - 88 -
250 200 점박이응애사막이리응애 150 개체수 100 50 0 7/21 7/23 7/25 7/27 7/29 7/31 접종후경과일수 - 89 -
250 200 점박이응애사막이리응애 150 개체수 100 50 0 7/21 7/23 7/25 7/27 7/29 7/31 접종후경과일수 400 350 300 점박이응애사막이리응애 개체수 250 200 150 100 50 0 7/21 7/23 7/25 7/27 7/29 7/31 8/2 8/4 접종후경과일수 - 90 -
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구분 수확망이용 물을이용한수확 수확량 ( 마리 ) 475±12.2 242.2±38.5 항 목 기존 2007 년 2008 년 2009 년 가격 ( 원 ) 비율 (%) 가격 ( 원 ) 비율 (%) 가격 ( 원 ) 비율 (%) 가격 ( 원 ) 비율 (%) 강낭콩 83.3 0.33 83.3 0.33 50.3 0.20 50.5 0.20 상토및파종재료 563.3 2.25 488.3 1.95 447.1 1.79 447.1 1.79 제품포장비용 1,956.7 7.87 1,956.7 7.83 1,986.7 7.95 1,996.7 7.99 기타재료비 1,233.3 4.87 1,233.3 4.93 1,233.3 4.93 1,263.5 5.05 인건비 6,166.7 24.67 3,500.0 14.00 2,200.0 8.80 2,200.0 8.80 계 10,003.3 40.01 7,261.6 29.04 5,917.4 23.66 5,957.8 23.83-93 -
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생존율 (%) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 처리후날수 무처리점 1: 사 1 점 2: 사 1-96 -
병 (400 마리 / 병 ) 티백 (20 마리 / 티백 ) 7 일후 0.7±0.6 5.3±1.5 14 일후 0.3±0.6 2.3±0.6-97 -
사막이리응애 (133 마리 / 티백 ) 사막이리응애 (333 마리 / 티백 ) 7 일후 7.7±0.6 9.3±2.3 14 일후 0.0±0.0 0.3±0.6 사막이리응애 (20 마리 / 티백 ) 사막이리응애 (40 마리 / 티백 ) 사막이리응애 (60 마리 / 티백 ) 1 일후 0.7±1.2 1.0±0.0 5.0±7.8 2 일후 0.3±0.6 0.3±0.6 0.3±0.6 3 일후 0.0±0.0 0.0±0.0 0.0±0.0-98 -
조사시기 사막이리응애평균개체수 (2g) 제품의무게 (g) 사막이리응애환산한개체수 ( 평균개체수 평균제품무게 ) 5월 22.7±2.1 184.5±0.8 2091.3 6월 23.0±2.6 180.9±1.2 2080.4 7월 23.3±1.5 181.8±0.9 2120.5 8월 22.0±1.0 184.3±0.8 2027.7 9월 23.3±1.5 178.1±1.3 2077.7 평균 22.9±1.8 182.0±1.0 2,079.5-99 -
구분산란수 IOBC 기준 일수 2 일차 6.4±0.4-3 일차 7.2±1.3 - 평균 ( 총수 ) 5 일차 13.6±1.4 7 100 80 80 90.7 60 40 20 0 IOBC 기준 실험군 - 100 -
암컷수컷미동정 개체수 95.0±2.0 4.7 ±2.1 0.3±0.6-101 -
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1 1 1 상표등록 1 2 1 1 2 3-105 -
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온도 알 유충 제1약충제2약충 성충출현까지의기간 먹이종류 참고 12 6.5 2.91 4.45 4.45 18.38 Tetranychus.urticae(composite) 현실험 15 5.2 1.95 3.5 3.55 14.2 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 15 11.5 T.urticae Castagnoli 와 Simoni 1991 15 6.505 2.79 4.775 6.655 20.73 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 16 3.02 1.73 3.36 3.3 11.48 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 16.4 3.8 1.3 3.1 2.9 11.9 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 17.5 3.4 1 1.65 1.6 7.7 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 20 2.92 1.76 2.09 1.95 8.73 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 20 3.05 0.95 1.6 1.6 7.2 T.urticaee(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 20 7.3 T.urticae Castagnoli 와 Simoni 1991 20 2.205 0.955 1.575 1.96 6.705 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 20 3.8 1.2 1.8 2.3 9.2 T.urticae Rencken 와 Pringle 1998 22.5 2.15 0.65 1.2 1.15 5.15 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 23 7 T.pacificus McMurtry 1977 24 2.09 1.09 1.16 1.64 6 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 25 2.5 0.7 1 1.4 5.7 T.urticae Rencken 와 Pringle(1998) 25 1.8 0.55 1 1 4.3 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 25 5.8 T.urticae Castagnoli 와 Simoni 1991 25 2.4075 0.930833 1.685 1.434583 6.4575 T.urticae Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 2.095833 1.077083 1.51875 1.269167 5.960833 T.turkestani Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 1.851667 0.8825 1.088333 0.850417 4.672917 T.ludeni Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 2.275 1.030833 2.4225 1.88875 7.617083 T.evansi Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 3.88 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 3.85 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.02 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.07 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.33 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 3.79 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.04 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.05 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.11 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 4.39 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.51 0.775 1.255 1.295 4.84 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 25 4.458 T.urticae Mesa 등 1990 25 4.708 M.tanajoa Mesa 등 1990 25 7.32 Polyphagotarsonemus latus Castagnoli 와 Falchini 1993 25 1.9 0.6 1.5 1.1 5.1 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 25 1.96 0.92 1.23 1 5.11 T.urticae(egg),tomato(parador) Cedola 와 Sanchez2003 25 2.04 0.53 1.47 1 5.04 T.urticae(egg)tomato(fortaleza) Cedola 와 Sanchez2003 25 2.1 0.54 1.93 1.15 5.72 P.persimilis(larvae) Walzer 와 Schausberger 1999 25 2.17 0.54 2.74 2.18 7.63 N.californicus(larvae) Walzer 와 Schausberger 1999 27.5 1.45 0.45 0.85 0.85 3.6 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 28 1.17 0.74 1.04 0.87 3.82 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 - 109 -
온도 알 유충 제1약충제2약충 성충출현까지의 먹이종류 참고 기간 28 7.35 Aceria dioscoridis El-Laithy 와 El-sawi 1998 28 9.63 Date palm(pollen) El-Laithy 와 El-sawi 1998 29 9.68 Castor oim(pollen) El-Laithy 와 El-sawi 1998 30 2.4 0.5 0.6 1.2 4.8 T.urticae Rencken 와 Pringle 1998 30 1.15 0.4 0.75 0.85 3.15 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 30 4.4 T.urticae Castagnoli 와 Simoni 1991 30 1.715 0.54 1.05 0.94 3.86 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 32 0.98 0.55 0.82 0.61 2.98 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 32 1.4 0.5 1.1 0.9 3.9 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 35 1.2 0.5 1.05 1.1 3.8 T.urticae Gotoh 등 2004 35 1.085 0.5 0.99 1.015 3.595 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 36 0.83 0.56 0.96 0.79 3.23 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 38 0.75 0.52 1.37 1.1 3.75 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 40 0.89 T.urticae(composite) 현실험 온도 산란전기간 산란기간 산란후기간 성충전기간 먹이종류 참고 16.4 4.1 19.6 27.3 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 20 2.5 24.7 18.9 46.1 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 20 2.2 16.7 17.6 36.2 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 25 1.6 19.4 12.9 33.8 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 25 1.19375 20.48 T.urticae Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 1.25 20.35 T.turkestani Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 1 21.15 T.ludeni Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 3.1825 4.32 T.evansi Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 1.6 14.07 58.87 74.53 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.57 15.5 57.5 74.17 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.6 15.6 67.6 84.8 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.73 14.73 53.4 69.87 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.53 13.87 29.07 44.47 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.4 13.67 63.2 78.27 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.47 14.53 64.4 80.4 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.53 13.53 69.4 84.47 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.4 16.47 53.73 71.6 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.43 16 28.57 46 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 1.68 17.91 10.18 29.27 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 25 18.1 T.urticae Mesa 등 1990 25 15.5 M.tanajoa Mesa 등 1990 25 1.5 13.4 20.2 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 T.urticae(egg),tomato(parador 25 0.53 6.64 Cedola 와 Sanchez 2003 ) T.urticae(egg)tomato(fortalez 25 0.31 6.73 Cedola 와 Sanchez 2003 a) 30 1.3 12.3 9.8 23 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 30 1.1 11.7 7.7 27.9 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 32 1.5 10 11.6 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973-110 -
온도 암컷당암컷당총산란수일일산란수 먹이종류 참고 16.4 32.8 1.7 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 20 38.4 1.6 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 20 25.8 1.54 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 25 41.6 2.2 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 25 56.67 2.7 T.urticae Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 58.64 2.66 T.turkestani Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 63.11 2.97 T.ludeni Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 5.95 0.79 T.evansi Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 46.2 3.31 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 48.14 3.14 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 47.8 3.07 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 44.67 3.03 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 43.8 3.17 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 46.67 3.42 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 49 3.36 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 43.73 3.23 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 48.33 2.95 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 47.71 3.03 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 34.73 1.94 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 25 44.8 T.urticae Mesa 등 1990 25 36.7 M.tanajoa Mesa 등 1990 25 21.4 Polyphagotarsonemus latus Castagnoli 와 Falchini 1993 25 30.5 Dermatophagoides farinae Castagnoli 등 1999 25 19.64 Aculops lycopersici Castagnoli 등 2004 25 28.3 Quercus(pollen) Castagnoli 와 Liguori 1994 25 43.3 3.1 T.urtica(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 25 15.83 T.urticae(egg),tomato(parador) Cedola 와 Sanchez 2003 25 14.65 T.urticae(egg)tomato(fortaleza ) Cedola 와 Sanchez 2003 25 0.5 T.evansi Moraes 와 McMurtry 1985 25 2 T.urticae Moraes 와 McMurtry 1985 25-27 23.7 T.cinnabarinus Swirski 등 1970 25-27 12.5 Eutetranychus orientalis Swirski 등 1970 25-27 4.8 Brevipalpus phoenicis Swirski 등 1970 25-27 5.3 Aonidiella aurantii Swirski 등 1970 25-27 10.7 Castor bean(pollen) Swirski 등 1970 25-27 8.8 Maize(pollen) Swirski 등 1970 25-27 10.7 Carpobrolus edulis Swirski 등 1970 25-27 8.1 Almond Swirski 등 1970 25-27 11.2 Avocado Swirski 등 1970-111 -
30 28.4 2.4 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 30 27.9 2.34 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 32 28.2 3.1 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 온도 순증가율 (Ro) 내적자연증가율 (r) 평균세대기간 먹이종류 참고 16.4 12.73 0.112 22.72 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 20 23.674 0.173 18.271 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 20 18.09 0.162 20.61 T.urticaee(composite) Canlas 등 2006 20 9.71 0.122 20.11 T.urticae Rencken 와 Pringle 1998 25 11.18 0.227 11.63 T.urticae Rencken 와 Pringle 1998 25 28.558 0.274 15.303 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 25 29.1 0.287 11.7 Ma 와 Laing 1973 25 25.3 0.19 16.7 Mononychellus progresivus(all stages) Mesa 등 1990 25 29.9 0.19 17.4 Mesa 등 1991 25 36.6 0.259 13.9 T.urticae(not specified) Castagnoli 와 Simoni 1991 25 11.2 0.227 11.6 T.urticae(all stage) Rencken 와 Pringle 1998 25 0.118 T.urticae(not specified) Castagnoli 등 1999 25 0.274 T.urticae(not specified) Castagnoli 등 1999 25 49.25 0.283 17.46 T.urticae Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 42.93 0.267 17.89 T.turkestani Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 47.37 0.337 16.04 T.ludeni Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 3.33 0.084 14.5 T.evansi Escudero 와 Ferragut 2005 25 32.948 0.3112 11.232 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 33.941 0.3064 11.502 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 34.04 0.2953 11.944 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 31.019 0.2942 11.676 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 28.809 0.305 11.017 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 33.4665 0.3281 10.699 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 34.553 0.3098 11.433 T.kanzawai(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 30.065 0.3048 11.165 A.viennensis(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 33.868 0.2961 11.897 P.citri(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 32.199 0.3072 11.302 P.ulmi(egg) Gotoh 등 2006 25 22.92 0.209 17.55 T.urticae(composite) Canlas 등 2006 25 25.3 0.19 16.7 M.tanaja Mesa 등 1990 25 29.9 0.19 17.4 Mesa 등 1990 25 0.194 Polyphagotarsonemus Castagnoli 와 Falchini latus 1993 25 0.143 Dermatophagoides farinae Castagnoli 등 1999 25 0.172 Aculops lycopersici Castagnoli 등 1999-112 -
25 29.09 0.287 11.74 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 28 0.21 Aceria dioscoridis El-Laithy 와 El-sawi 1998 30 19.727 0.34 10.454 T.urticae(egg) Gotoh 등 2004 30 16.74 0.285 16.79 T.urticae Canlas 등 2006 30 10.54 0.251 10.2 32 17.82 0.307 9.38 T.urticae(egg) Ma 와 Laing 1973 초기밀도 일일포식량 참고 10 6.2 Laing과 Osborn (1974) 20 6.9 30 8.2 40 7.5 50 10 60 9.7 80 8.7 100 10.9 120 12.7 150 14 180 13.6 210 12.6 1 0.87 Friese 와 Gilstrap (1982) 3 2.38 5 4.57 10 7.9 40 10.05 1 1 Cuellar 등 (2001) 3 3 7 6.9 15 14.5 30 24.8 105 25 200 39.72 4 1.11 Cedola등 (2001) 8 1.44 16 2 32 3.33 64 4.25 5 2.17 Canlas등 (2006) 10 4.23 20 12.83 30 16.06 40 17.49 50 20.91-113 -
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