PON 광가입자망에서 Ethernet 전송 프로토콜 수용방안 연구

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1 I2.1 Ethernet Applications 윤종호한국항공대

1x) HUB/SWITCH 10GbE LAN METRO Resilient Packet Ring IEEE802.

2 Rapid Spanning Tree (IEEE802.1w) Ethernet Everywhere Port Authentication (IEEE802.1x) HUB/SWITCH 10GbE LAN METRO Resilient Packet Ring IEEE or MetroEthernet Broadband Access Network HUB/SWITCH Optical Access DSLAM PPPoE Power Feeding via UTP cable (IEEE802.3af) EPON 802.3ah ADSL

3 Power Over Ethernet

4 Power over Ethernet (PoE) IEEE802.3af -DTE powered via MDI 표준 : June Terminals powered by a hub over UTP cable No power cables How to? 2 options Phantom power over data path Using unused pair like ISDN

5 전원공급방법 2 가지 Power source (DC -- must be...) 48V, 13W 공급 discovery process : PSE측이먼저 current-limited voltage를 PD측에공급해보고 PD측에 25k옴저항이있으면 PoE를지원하는장비로판단하고, 48V 전체를공급한다. 이후, 전력이소비되는지검사하여, 만약이단말이 off되면, 전원공급을중지하고, discovery process를다시시작한다.

6 제품 (1) Midspan Hub - 기존스위치지원 Controller chip Driver chip 8x3=24 port Hub 용 Multiport Network Jack

7 제품 (2) Power Adapter AP with PoE

8 이더넷프레임 MAC MAC DA (6) SA (6) Etype (2) max 1500 FCS (4) Preamble+SFD DA..FCS Preamble (7bytes) Staring Frame Delimiter (1 byte) Inter Packet Gap (IPG) = 96 bits (12 bytes) RxC 복원용 프레임의끝표시, Fairness 제공 최소프레임길이 = 64 bytes 최대프레임길이 = 1518 bytes 기타 overhead/frame = Preamble+SFD + IPG = bytes

9 10Gbps Ethernet 개발사례

IP LLC MAC control XGMII Data/32bits(10Gb) 4@ TBI (10bit interface) SerDes 12.5Gbps or 4@3.125Gbps 10Gbps PCS PCS 8B/10B PMA 10GBase-X WWDM 10GbE 계층구조 MAC XGXS XAUI XGXS PCS Scrambler 64B/66B PMA 10.

10 IP LLC MAC control XGMII Data/32bits(10Gb) TBI (10bit interface) SerDes 12.5Gbps or 10Gbps PCS PCS 8B/10B PMA 10GBase-X WWDM 10GbE 계층구조 MAC XGXS XAUI XGXS PCS Scrambler 64B/66B PMA 10.3Gbps PMD 10Gbps 10GBase-R MDI PCS Scrambler 64B/66B SONET framer PMA 3 가지 PHY 10GBase-LX4(WWDM) 9.29Gbps 10GBase-S/L/E-R 10GBase-S/L/E-W 9.58Gbps 10GBase-W Optional XGMII extender XSBI (16bit interface) 9.95Gbps (OC192) XGMII : 10Gigabit Media Independent Interface XAUI : 10Gigabit Attachment Unit Interface XGXS : XGMII Extender Sublayer

11 다. 우수성 XENPAK 10Gbps Optical Serializer/Deserializer Transceiver = PCS + PMA + PMD

12 XPAK = Smaller XENPAK PCI compatibility XAUI 10GE, SONET 9.95 Gbit/s ~ 11.2 Gbit/s. XPAK

13 국내개발사례 :10/1 GbE Gigabit Ethernet PHY Memory NP 4 Switch Fabric MAC NP GMII [D7:D0] GMII [D7:D0] GMII [D7:D0] GMII [D7:D0] MUX/ DMUX XGMII PHY (XENPAK) Gigabit Ethernet PHY Line Card #1 LPDA Line Card #2 NP PCI bus 4 Main Processor Unit control Main Memory PCI- Bus LPDA (Processor) FPGA 10GbE#1 #2 control PCI Bridge control

14 주요상용소자 IBM Packet Routing Switch : PRS64G IBM Power Network Processor : NP4GS3C XENPAK(IEEE 802.3ae 10GBASE-LR) Intel TXN17401 GBIC(IEEE 802.3z 1000BASE-SX/LX) Agilent HFBR5601, HFCT561

15 10 기가비트라인모듈 이더넷프레임다중화 / 역다중화 (FPGA) 로 10GE 라인카드구현 Frame Multiplexing/Demultiplexing 10 개 GE 을 1 개 10GE 로 Link Aggregation XENPAK 제어용표준 10GE MDC/MDIO Control FPGA

16 10GbE 모듈의구성

SC Duplex Connector XENPAK : 10Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver Package XGMII : 10Gigabit Media

17 10GE 물리계층 NP Local Processor FPGA (MAC 기능, MUX/ DMUX) XGMII 8B/10B PCS XGXS PMA FPGA (10GE PHY 제어로직 ) XAUI MDIO Interface PMA 8B/10B PCS Transceiver manager 64/66B PCS PMA XENPAK PMD SC Duplex Connector XENPAK : 10Gigabit Ethernet Transceiver Package XGMII : 10Gigabit Media Independent Interface XAUI : 10Gigabit Attachment Unit Interface XGXS : XGMII Extender Sublayer

18 기가비트라인모듈

19 10Gbase-CX4

20 TS-1000: 광가입자선인터페이스 -100Mb/s 단선양방향파장분할다중 (WDM) 전송방식

21 Home run fiber (point-to-point)

22 일본 TTC 표준 : 2002 년 5 월 23 일 망구성

23 IP LLC 100Base-TX MAC control MII MAC 100Mbps Data/4bits Digital modem PCS 4B/5B PMA 125Mbps NRZ 125Mbps NRZI Scrambler MLT-3 encoder Descrambler MLT-3 decoder Fiber 용 PMD UTP 용 PMD LPF Equalizer, Baseline wander correction MDI RJ-45 Isolation transformer Isolation transformer

24 MII IP LLC MAC control MAC PMA 100Mbps PCS Data/4bits 4B/5B 125Mbps 100Base-FX FDDI와유사 Point-to-point 400m (HDX) 2km (FDX) PMD continuous mode transceiver (o/e 변환 ) MDI

25 TS1000 계층구조 추가되거나수정된계층 OAM : 추가 PMD : Single Fiber WDM 방식추가

26 O A M P C S P M A P M D MAC Reconciliation sub layer Reconciliation sub layer MII loopback Status Notification MII 4B/5B encoding/decoding Carrier sense/ Collision Detection 신호생성송수신 clock 생성 Serializer/Deserializer NRZ bit 단위로데이타전달 NRZI 로변환송신 /NRZI 비트를수신시 NRZ 로복원 carrier_status 보고 (ON/OFF) PMD 의 signal_status(on/off) 를 link_status 로보고 RX_error 보고 Far end fault 감지및알림. NRZI 비트 파형변환 (optical-to-electrical 등 ) signal_status 보고 (ON/OFF) WDM 각계층의기능 100Base-FX 를활용 OAM Status Notification Loopback PMD WDM

27 PCS PA+SFD DA+SA+ type fcs PA+SFD DA+SA+ type fcs MAC TXD TX_CLK COL CRS RXD RX_CLK RECONCILLIATION sublayer MII 4B/5B SerDes TXD TX_EN TX_ER CRS RX_DV RX_ER RXD OAM PCS 4B/5B encoder 송신부 4B/5B decoder 수신부 TX_shift register channel activity detector RX_shift register tx_code_bit(nrz) link_status( FAIL/OK/READY) rx_code_bit(nrz) PMA PMD TX RX

Encapsulation preamble+ SFD (8) SSD(J-K) DA (6) SA (6) Encapsulation at PCS 802.

11101 J 11000 K 10001 T 01101 R 00111 IDLE 11111 data code-group pairs 100BASE-X PDU IDLE code groups (I

28 Encapsulation preamble+ SFD (8) SSD(J-K) DA (6) SA (6) Encapsulation at PCS MAC PDU type (2) DATA ( ) at PCS FCS (4) Interframe gap (>=12) ESD(T-R) 4B 5B J K T R IDLE data code-group pairs 100BASE-X PDU IDLE code groups (I code=11111) Idle 시에도송신됨. MAC 의첫번째 preamble 부분만 SSD code(jk) 로변환되고, 나머지부문은 data code group 으로코딩됨. SSD : Start of Stream Delimiter ESD : End of Stream Delimiter

29 PMA tx_code_bit(nrz) MAC+Reconciliation+MII PCS link_status(ready/fail/ok) carrier_status rxerror_status rx_code_bit(nrz) NRZI 부호로변환 링크상태보고 캐리어상태보고 Far End Fault Detector PMA carrier detector PMA far end fault generator link monitor far end fault detect nrzi encoder faulting nrzi decoder tx_nrzi_bit TX signal_status(on/off) TS-1000 PMD MDI rx_nrzi_bit RX

30 Far End Fault 감지기능 No signal PMA 회송신함. 84 ONEs followed by a single ZERO 만약살아있으면, IDLE code 로응답 PMA * AutoNegotiation 동작이가동되는경우에는사용하지않음.

31 Far End Fault 감지기능 PCS (2) link_status= FAIL 보고 (5)link_status=FAIL 보고 PCS FAR END FAULT GENERATOR (2) far end fault indication bits 송신 LINK MONITOR (1)signal_status=OFF 보고 LINK MONITOR (4) faulting 신호전달 FAR END FAULT DETECT PMD PMD (3) 수신링크가단절된경우를감지한단말이상대방에게이사실을알리는기능

32 New PMD Full-duplex by WDM over a single fiber O/E변환 125Mbps NRZI 클럭복원 세가지 Class-S: 7.5Km( 표준에포함됨 ) BER Class A : 20km( 고려중 ) Class B : 30Km( 고려중 )

33 CO > 가입자 TS-1000 용 OAM 기능 최소한의이벤트보고및루프백기능수행 RS 계층과 PCS 계층사이에위치 : 물리계층 OAM 기능제공 OAM 프레임사용 : 12 바이트 IEEE EPON 용 OAM 과는호환되지는않는다.

34 OAM 메시지의형식 Command: C0: OAM/ 일반데이터구분자 : 1 비트 C1 (Uplink/Downlink 표시자 ) : 0 : 상향 ; 1 : 하향 C2-C3 (command) Request/ Reply/ Notification Indication 표시자 C8~C15 (control): 루프백시험개시 / 루프백시험종료 / Status

35 Status 영역 (1) S0 ( 전원상태 ) 0 = ON; 1= OFF Dying Gasp 시 OLT 에게보고해야함 S1( 수신광상태 ) 0 = 정상 ; 1= 이상 정상상태로복귀한경우나이상상태로된경우보고 S2( 링크상태 ) 0 = 링크설정 ; 1 = 링크단절 설정상태로천이한경우나단절상태로된경우보고 S3(Media converter 고장상태 ) 전원고장, 수신광상태, 링크상태를제외한고장의경우 0 = 정상 ; 1 = 고장 정상상태로복귀한경우나이상상태로된경우보고 S4(Loss-of-optical signal 통지방법 ) 0 = OAM 프레임사용 ; 1 = Far-End Fault Indication 방법 S5( 루프백시험상태표시 ) 0 = 정상적인데이터전달중 ; 1 = 루프백시험중

36 Status 영역 (2) S6( 단말측링크설정상태통지기능 (option B) 의대응여부 ) 0 = option B 비대응 ; 1 = option B 대응 S7~S8( 설정된단말측링크속도 ) 00 = 10Mbps; 01 = 100Mbps; 10 = 1Gbps; 11 = 기타 S9( 설정된단말측링크통신방식 ) 1 = 전이중 ; 0 = 반이중 S10( 설정된단말측링크의 auto negotiation 기능여부 ) 1 = 가능 ; 0 = 불가능 S11( 링크인터페이스개수 ) 0 = 1 개 ; 1 = 복수

37 OAM 절차 이벤트보고 (event notification) 절차 루프백시험절차

38 Event Notification 절차 (a) 단말에서보고하는경우 (b) CO 에서보고하는경우 (Option A) Statuses changed Terminal MC Status notification indication C1=0 C2-C3=01 Center MC Terminal MC Status notification indication C1=1 C2-C3=01 Center MC Statuses changed Request 없이도, Trap 형식으로보고하는경우 C2-C3=01 : notification Indication

39 Status 요청과응답절차 Terminal MC Center MC Statuses changed Status notification request C1=1; C2-C3=10 C8-C15=0x40 Status notification response C1=0; C2-C3=11 C8-C15=0x40 Status Request/Response C8-C15 = 0x40 = Status

40 Execute loop back Execute test settings loop back test settings Start Timer 2 (T2) Terminal MC Loop back test start request C2-C3=10 C8-C15= Loop back test start reaponse C2-C3=11 C8-C15= Center MC Loop back test start requested Start Timer 1 (T1) 루프백절차 Loop back test frame LoopbackStart Req/Resp LoopbackEnd Req/Resp Stop Timer 2 (T2) Cancel loop back Cancel test settings loop back test settings Loop back test end request C2-C3=10 C8-C15= Loop back test end response C2-C3=11 C8-C15= Loop back test cancel requested Stop Timer 1 (T1)

41 Execute loop back Execute test settings loop back test settings Start Timer 2 (T2) Terminal MC Loop back test start request C2-C3=10 C8-C15= Loop back test start reaponse C2-C3=11 C8-C15= Center MC Loop back test start requested Start Timer 1 (T1) 루프백절차 ( 오류시 ) LoopbackEnd 메시지가사라진경우 Timer T2dp 의해복구됨. Loop back test frame Loop back test end request C2-C3=10 C8-C15= Loop back test cancel requested Timer 2 (T2) expired Loop back test end indication C2-C3=01 C8-C15= Cancel loop back Cancel test settings loop back test settings Stop Timer 1 (T1)

42 OAM 메시지의삽입위치 OAM 메시지를전송해야할시점 idle OAM frame User 프레임또는루프백시험프레임 IFG IFG (a) Idle 한경우에 OAM 메시지를전송할경우. OAM 메시지를전송해야할시점 이벤트발생시, 사용자프레임이나루프백시험용프레임이송신중이라고할지라도, 이것의송신을중단시키고, OAM 메시지가먼저송신된다. 결과적으로사용자프레임의내용은깨지게된다. OAM frame User 프레임또는루프백시험프레임 Interrupted IFG IFG (b) User 프레임송신중 OAM 메시지가전송되어야할경우

43 OAM 메시지전송시계층간동작 RS TXD (IFG) PA SFD Data (IFG) MII TX_EN OAM sublay er MII TXD (IFG) PA SFD data IFG OAM Frame IFG data (IFG) PCS TX_EN PMA PMD User 프레임이나루프백시험프레임의송신도중에 OAM 프레임을송신해야할경우, 즉시 OAM 프레임을먼저전송하고, 이기간동안사용자프레임의일부는결국송신되지않는다. OAM 프레임의송신이완료되면, 사용자프레임의나머지부분을송신한다. MDI Medium /I/ S S D E S E S data code S /I/ S OAM frame S /I/ S Data D D D D E S D /I/ 데이터프레임들은깨질수있다.

44 제품의종류 PMD( 트랜시버 ), CO 용 optical Ethernet 스위치, 가입자용미디어컨버터

1x, Security, Add-on 기능 WOL, Off-loading:

Flow control Link aggregation OAM, EPON MAC

45 앞으로의 IEEE802 계층구조 LLC, IP, Bridging OAM RSTP, MSTP, 802.1x, Security, Add-on 기능 WOL, Off-loading: Encryption, TCP Checksum MAC control MAC Flow control Link aggregation OAM, EPON MAC control New Packaging PHY (XPF, X2,,,) MII P2P emulation PCS PMA PMD MDI 100Mbps, 1,10,100, Gbps New Block coding 고속 Transceiver Power Feeding, New socket, Medium

46 요약 이더넷개발 30 주년 : 5 월 22 일 장수한전송기술 간단 저렴 고속 검토 PoE : 장비제조회사입장에서는새로운이익창출 TS-1000: 국제표준이아님.( 작은필요성 특허 표준 ) 새로운기능이계속추가될것. 전송영역도확장될것임.

() Aloha Netowrk ether(,, )network Ehternet, DEC, ( DIX(DEC, Intel, Xerox) IEEE(, ) 5 9,, (Xerox) (Bob Metcalfe), (, ) A

1 2 3 4 1960 1973 () Aloha Netowrk ether(,, )network Ehternet, DEC, ( DIX(DEC, Intel, Xerox) IEEE(, http://wwwieeeorg/, ) 5 9,, (Xerox) (Bob Metcalfe), (, ) Aloha Network 1960 / IEEE CSMA/CD IEEE () 30