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1 Cloud Computing 임형준 충남대학교컴퓨터공학과데이터베이스시스템연구실 2010년 4월 21일

2 Table of Contents Cloud Computing 개요 Cloud Computing 기술동향 Cloud Computing 사례 Cloud Computing 표준화동향 Cloud Computing 데이터관리 Conclusion References 2

Case) New York Times: TimeMachine 대규모의데이터아카이브 (archive) 1851 년부터 1922 년까지의일간신문 http://timesmachine.nytimes.

3 Case) New York Times: TimeMachine 대규모의데이터아카이브 (archive) 1851 년부터 1922 년까지의일간신문 아마존웹서비스 (public cloud) 와 Hadoop(OpenSolaris) 활용 매우큰사이즈의 405,000 개의 TIFF 이미지와 XML 파일, SGML 포맷의 330 만기사를 81 만개의 PNG 이미지와 405,000 자바스크립트파일로변환 단 36 시간만에처리 3

4 4

5 컴퓨팅의역사 5

6 Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies

7 Gartner Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies

8 Definition of Cloud Computing Gartner Cloud Computing is emerging at the convergence of three major trends Service Orientation, Virtualization and Standardization of computing through the Internet. Wikipedia Cloud computing is Internet-based computing, whereby shared resources, software and information are provided to computers and other devices ondemand, like a public utility Wikinvest - Cloud computing is a technology that uses the internet and central remote servers to maintain data and applications SUN Cloud computing promises to increase the velocity with which applications are deployed, increase innovation, and lower costs, all while increasing business agility 8

9 Salesforce Cloud Computing 9

10 What is Cloud Computing? 클라우드컴퓨팅이란인터넷기술을활용하여 가상화된 IT 자원을서비스 로제공하는컴퓨팅 사용자는 IT 자원 ( 소프트웨어, 스토리지, 서버, 네트워크 ) 을필요한만큼빌려서사용하고, 서비스부하에따라서실시간확장성을지원받으며, 사용한만큼비용을지불하는컴퓨팅 10

11 Virtualization The ability to run multiple operating systems on a single physical system and share the underlying hardware resources* * VMware white paper, Virtualization Overview 11

12 The Traditional Server Concept Web Server Windows IIS App Server Linux Glassfish DB Server Linux MySQL Windows Exchange 12

13 And if Something Goes Wrong... Web Server Windows IIS App Server DOWN! DB Server Linux MySQL Windows Exchange 13

14 The Virtual Server Concept 14

15 Everyone is Talking about Cloud Computing Software as a Service Platform as a Service Storage as a Service Grid Computing Database as a Service Virtualization Utility Computing Application Hosting Infrastructure as a Service 15

16 컴퓨팅소개 16

17 Cloud Computing 과타컴퓨팅과의비교 17

18 Grid Computing vs. Cloud Computing 18

Service): 서비스개발에필요한프레임워크들을사용법, 실체등을제공하여서비스구성을도와줌 HaaS (Hardware as a Sergvice): 컴퓨팅능력 (compute) 이나저장장치,

19 XaaS (X as a Service) AaaS (Architecture as a Service): 가상화기술 (virtualization technology) 과같은아키텍처구성을위한기술들을제공하는서비스 BaaS (Business as a Service): 비즈니스 ( 경영, 마케팅, 제조, 인사, 프로세스, 재무등 ) 전반에걸친기능들을서비스로제공 DaaS (Data as a Service): 전체수명주기에걸쳐고객데이터를관리할수있는포괄적인기능제공 FaaS (Framework as a Service): 서비스개발에필요한프레임워크들을사용법, 실체등을제공하여서비스구성을도와줌 HaaS (Hardware as a Sergvice): 컴퓨팅능력 (compute) 이나저장장치, 데이터베이스등과같은것을총괄적으로제공하여신생업체들이온디맨드컴퓨팅서비스를런칭할수있도록제공하는것 (IaaS 와동일개념 ) IDaaS (Identity as a Service): Identity 관련서비스제공 CaaS (Communication as a Service): IT 망을기반한음성기반전화로기간통신이아닌별정통신과같은부가통신사업자가제공하는서비스 19

20 Cloud Computing Service Layer 네트워크를통한온 - 디맨드애플리케이션서비스 개발관련된프레임워크제공서비스 기본적인스토리지및컴퓨팅자원서비스 20

21 Cloud Computing Service 21

22 Cloud Services/Application No hardware or software to manage Service delivered through a browser Customers use the service on demand Instant Scalability The companies below are already established in the On-Demand software or SaaS business Google (GOOG) NetSuite (N) Taleo (TLEO) Concur Technologies (CNQR) Info Technologies (IT) canadasoftware.net (nexgen) 22

23 Cloud Platform Platforms are built upon Infrastructure, which is expensive Estimating demand is not a science! Platform management is not fun! The following companies are some that have developed platforms that allow end users to access applications from centralized servers using the internet Google (GOOG) - Apps Engine Amazon.com (AMZN) - EC2 Microsoft (MSFT) - Windows Live Terremark Worldwide (TMRK) - The Enterprise Cloud Salesforce.com (CRM) - Force.com 23

24 Cloud Infrastructure A platform virtualization environment Computing resources, such as storing and processing capacity Virtualization taken a step further Major Infrastructure Vendors - Below are companies that provide infrastructure services: Google (GOOG) - Managed hosting, development environment International Business Machines (IBM)- Managed hosting SAVVIS (SVVS) - Managed hosting Terremark Worldwide (TMRK) - Managed hosting Amazon.com (AMZN) - Cloud storage Rackspace Hosting (RAX) - Managed hosting & cloud computing 24

25 클라우드구성의예 IBM Cloud Infrastructure 25

26 Cloud Model 26

27 Cloud Computing in the Future Look (SUN) 27

28 Issues Privacy Open Source Scalability Compliance Open Standards Mobility Legal Sustainability Reliability Utilization Security Availability 28

29 Top Threats to Cloud Computing Threat #1: Abuse and Nefarious Use of Cloud Computing Threat #2: Insecure Interfaces and APIs Threat #3: Malicious Insiders Threat #4: Shared Technology Issues Threat #5: Data Loss or Leakage Threat #6: Account or Service Hijacking Threat #7: Unknown Risk Profile Cloud Security Alliance, Top Threats to Cloud Computing, March

30 최신업계주요기술 주목할만한 10 개의클라우드컴퓨팅기업 by ITWeek 30

31 주요업체들의비즈니스상품들 < 자료 >: A Walk in the Clouds - Niraj Juneja(webscale solution) 31

32 PaaS Taxonomy: Proliferating Platforms Servers as a Service PaaS for the Inquiring Developer PaaS as an Application Framework Virtual Serve Virtual rs Serve Virtual rs Serve Virtual rs Serve Virtual rs Serve rs Database as a Service Python App Server Database as a Service UI as a Service Logic as a Service Integration as a Service Database as a Service Infrastructure as a Service Infrastructure as a Service Infrastructure as a Service ~Familiar Developer Model Rapid Scalability β Offering Innovative Technology Supports Large-Scale SaaS Deep-Dyed Multitenancy 32

33 Force.com Amazon Web Services Combine cloud infrastructure capability with application platform leverage Develop in Java, Ruby on Rails, LAMP Stack Access Mega Storage from Amazon S3 Burst a Force.com App to Amazon EC2 33

34 Force.com Google App Engine Python library and test harness Access Force.com Web Services API from within Google App Engine applications 34

35 Force.com Facebook Build enterprise applications with social network outreach Provide a scalable, cloud-based infrastructure accessible by Facebook applications 35

36 The Cloud is a Services Supermarket Combine platforms: Combine strengths 36

37 Client Cloud (Desktop Virtualization) 37

38 Google App Engine 38

39 MS Azure 39

40 The Trends and Strategy of Standardization on Cloud Computing

41 Cloud Computing Standardization Issues 플랫폼독립성제공플랫폼간통합서비스와이동성제공안전한데이터서비스제공단말독립적서비스제공도메인별클라우드서비스확장성및상호운용성 41

42 Open Cloud Consortium 클라우드간상호호환성을위한표준과프레임워크를개발, 클라우드컴퓨팅을위한참조구현, 그리고클라우드컴퓨팅테스트베드관리를목표로설립된비영리컨소시엄 Working Group on Standards and Interoperability for Large Data Clouds The Open Cloud Testbed Working Group Open Science Data Cloud(OSDC) Working Group Intercloud Testbed Working Group 42

43 Cloud Computing Interoperability Forum 글로벌한클라우드컴퓨팅생태계를목표로설립된기구 단일화된방법으로정보를교환하는하나이상의클라우드플랫폼을위한프레임워크와온톨로지를개발 Unified Cloud Interface 는 CCIF 에서추진중인프로젝트로다양한클라우드 API 를통합하여표준화되고개방된클라우드인터페이스를개발 43

44 Open Grid Forum 44

45 Data Management of Cloud Computing

46 The Features of Cloud 데이터처리에대한병렬화가가능할경우탄력적인컴퓨팅자원을제공 데이터를신뢰되지않는호스트에저장 여러대륙에걸쳐데이터복제 46

47 클라우드환경에적합한데이터관리애플리케이션유형 트랜잭션데이터관리 (Transaction Data Management) 일반적으로트랜잭션데이터베이스는비공유구조 (Shared-nothing Architecture) 를사용하지않음 원거리에걸친데이터복제는 ACID 의보장을힘들게함 신뢰되지않는서버들을통한트랜잭션데이터의처리는많은위험요소를가짐 분석용데이터관리 (Analytical Data Management) 비공유구조는분석용데이터관리에적합 ACID 를굳이보장하지않아도됨 데이터의분석적처리시민감한데이터는제외가가능 47

48 클라우드 DBMS 를위한필요기능 효율성 (efficiency) 내고장성 (fault tolerance) 이종환경에서의수행능력 (ability to run in heterogeneous environments) 암호화된데이터의처리능력 (ability to operate on encrypted data) 비즈니스인텔리전스제품과의연동인터페이스 (ability to interface with business intelligence products) 48

Conclusion Cloud Computing 클라우드컴퓨팅이란인터넷기술을활용하여 가상화된 IT 자원을서비스 로제공하는컴퓨팅 사용자는 IT 자원 ( 소프트웨어, 스토리지, 서버, 네트워크 ) 을필요한만큼빌려서사용하고, 서비스부하에따라서실시간확장성을지원받으며, 사용한만큼비용을지불하는컴퓨팅 Cloud Computing

49 Conclusion Cloud Computing 클라우드컴퓨팅이란인터넷기술을활용하여 가상화된 IT 자원을서비스 로제공하는컴퓨팅 사용자는 IT 자원 ( 소프트웨어, 스토리지, 서버, 네트워크 ) 을필요한만큼빌려서사용하고, 서비스부하에따라서실시간확장성을지원받으며, 사용한만큼비용을지불하는컴퓨팅 Cloud Computing Standardization 국내외로산업계에서시작하여다양한형태의표준화가시작되고있지만초기단계에머물러있음 모바일분야, 미디어분야, 유비쿼터스분야등도메인별의표준화를기반으로토대를만들어야함 Data Management of Cloud Computing 분석용데이터관리의 DBMS 에필요한기능을추출하여적합한구성이이루어져야함 49

References 김봉환, 한국썬마이크로시스템즈, 클라우드컴퓨팅 : 의미에서구축까지, ICAT 2010 민옥기, 김학영, 남궁한, 클라우드컴퓨팅기술동향, 전자통신동향분석, 제 24 권, 제 4 호, 2009 년 8 월 이강찬, 이승윤, 클라우드컴퓨팅표준화동향및전략, 전자통신동향분석, 제 25 권, 제 1 호, 2010 년 2 월 최현식, 이경하,

50 References 김봉환, 한국썬마이크로시스템즈, 클라우드컴퓨팅 : 의미에서구축까지, ICAT 2010 민옥기, 김학영, 남궁한, 클라우드컴퓨팅기술동향, 전자통신동향분석, 제 24 권, 제 4 호, 2009 년 8 월 이강찬, 이승윤, 클라우드컴퓨팅표준화동향및전략, 전자통신동향분석, 제 25 권, 제 1 호, 2010 년 2 월 최현식, 이경하, 클라우드환경에서의데이터관리, 한민족과학기술자네트워크, 전문가분석보고서 wikinvest, Cloud Computing, Salesforce, Cloud Computing, Norman Wilde, Thomas Huber, UWF, Virtualization and Cloud Computing Peter Coffee, Director, Platform Research, salesforce.com, Cloud Computing: More than a Virtual Stack Cloud Security Alliance, Top Threats to Cloud Computing, March

Microsoft Word - 조병호

Microsoft Word - 조병호 포커스 클라우드 컴퓨팅 서비스 기술 및 표준화 추진 동향 조병호* 2006년에 클라우딩 컴퓨팅이란 용어가 처음 생겨난 이래 글로벌 IT 기업 CEO들이 잇달아 차 기 핵심 기술로 클라우드 컴퓨팅을 지목하면서 전세계적으로 클라우드 컴퓨팅이라는 새로운 파 라다임에 관심이 고조되고 있다. 클라우드 컴퓨팅 기술을 이용하면 효율적인 IT 자원을 운용할 수 있으며 비용절감