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1 J. Korean. Soc. Living. Environ. Sys. Vol. 14, No. 4, pp 343~350(2007) w y y w z 14 «4 y 2007 yw» l s p»xá ³ *w w w œw, **w w w The Property of Pressure Distribution of Hybrid Underfloor Air Distribution System Ki-Hyung Yu and Kyoo-Dong Song *School of Architecture, Graduate School, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea **School of Architecture, Hanyang University, Ansan, Korea Abstract : The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of hybrid underfloor air distribution system. The characteristics of the several types of underfloor air distribution system were explicated. The computer simulation and the field and laboratories experiment were conducted. As the results, the pressure of plenum became decreased according to the increase of volume flow of FTU with hybrid underfloor air distribution system, but the pressure difference was not changed. The pressure difference was increased in proportion to the volume flow of AHU. It is necessary to consider the proper strategies when the plenum has the longer supply distance and/or the high pressure of the lower part. Key words : Underfloor air distribution system, Pressurized plenum, Zero-pressure plenum 1. 21» v w, z y ww OAyƒ w h, m, š. y, œ mw h œ x ƒ w w» l w ù» v š.» l ƒ w yw» l w s p w» l y wš w. 2. š 2.1.» l» l(ufad; underfloor air distribution :»x ( )» š y 2311, w» y y y: raytrace@kict.re.kr Fig. 1. Overhead system. Fig. 2. UFAD system. system) ww» w m» l(overhead system) ƒ v w. Fig. 1 Fig. 2 ƒƒ» l» l ùkü. 343

2 344»xÁ ³» l œ» p ew»w œ» p w» w w v w. w üœ» œ œ»ƒ yw w w ü w r w» š œ œ w ƒ w. w» l œ œ»ƒ v mw ü»» w» eƒ w» mw œ» œ w ƒ w. mw r œ»y w š, w œ»» œ» w w ü œ» z w (, 2003). 2.2.» l x» l» p j, p, p+, ƒ, v ü œ» w, p v ü œ œ w dš ƒ w, u ƒ w œ m. d» p œ w v w œ ù w. w ¾ ƒ ¼ ü ³x w Fig. 4. Duct system.» w š ƒ v w p p» l w. œ œ»» p m w v u œ ü». p ü» t w,» ƒ w p w w ù w y p+ p+ p mw v ü œ œ» œ w z u mw ü œ w. p» pƒ»» ƒ w, p w dš p w ù w ƒ. Fig. 3. Chamber system. w yy wz Fig. 5. Duct+chamber system.

3 혼합식 바닥급기 시스템의 압력분포 특성에 대한 실험적 연구 혼합식 바닥급기 시스템 실험 실험 개요 혼합식 바닥급기 시스템의 특성을 분석하기 위하여 KICT에 위치한 지능형 실험실에 혼합식 바닥급기 시 스템을 구축하여 실험실 실험을 수행하였다. 실험은 가압식 바닥급기 방식과 혼합식 바닥급기 방 식으로 구분하여 실험을 진행하였다. 측정항목으로는 각 급기구 풍량 및 위치별 하부 압 력분포를 측정하였다. Fig. 8은 실험실 평면을 나타내 고 있다. Fig. 9는 바닥 급기구의 급기 풍량 및 하부 압력 분 포를 측정하는 장면을 보여주고 있다. 급기구 배치간격은 1.2~1.8 m 내외로 배치하였으며, 외주부에는 플로어 터미널 유닛(FTU)을 설치하여 바 닥급기 시스템 중 가압식 바닥급기 시스템과 혼합식 바닥급기 시스템에 의한 급기 풍량 및 바닥 하부 압력 분포를 측정하였다. 실험실에 설치된 급기구 개수는 원형 가압식 급기구 3.1. Fig. 6. Passive diffusers. Fig. 7. Active diffusers 가압식 바닥급기 가압식 방법은 원형 급기구나 그릴형 급기구 등 팬 이 달리지 않는 급기구를 이용해 덕트나 억세스 플로 어 내부의 압력으로 실내에 급기하는 방식이다. 가압 식 방법의 특징은 급기구 단가가 등압식에 비하여 상 대적으로 저렴하지만, 부하 변동 대응성이 등압식 방 법에 비하여 떨어지는 것으로 알려져 있다. 따라서, 이 방식은 부하변동이 적은 건물의 내부에 적용되는 것이 유리하며, 외주부에 적용될 경우는 팬코일 유닛, 복사 패널, 이중 덕트 등과 같이 적용되는 것이 바람직하다 등압식 바닥급기 등압식 방법은 억세스 플로어 공간이 실내와 등압이 거나 약간 높은 상태에서, 팬이 달린 급기구를 이용하 여 강제로 실내에 급기하는 방식이다. 등압식 방법의 특징으로는 부하 변동 대응성이 가압식 방법에 비하여 유리하며, 풍량 조절이 용이한 장점을 가지고 있다. 단 점으로는 급기구 생산 단가가 높으며, 급기 팬에 의한 소음 및 진동이 발생할 수 있다 혼합식 바닥급기 가압식과 등압식 방법의 장점을 살려 고안된 것이 혼 합식 방법이다. 혼합식 방법은 내주부 존은 가압식 방 법을 적용하고 외주부 존은 등압식 방법을 적용하는 것 이 일반적이다. 외주부의 경우 부하 변동이 크기 때문 에 능동적으로 대응할 수 있는 등압식 방법이 효과적이 며, 내주부의 경우 부하 변동이 작기 때문에 가압식 방 법을 활용하는 것이 경제적인 것으로 평가되고 있다. Fig. 8. Plan of laboratory. Fig. 9. Test of pressure and airflow. 제 14 권 제 4 호 2007년

4 346»xÁ ³ 35 v l (FTU) 3 w x ww. x 6ƒ Case w d w. Case 1: œ t 2,100 CMH, FTU OFF Case 2: œ t 2,100 CMH, FTU Case 3: œ t 2,100 CMH, FTU š Case 4: œ t 1,600 CMH, FTU OFF Case 5: œ t 1,600 CMH, FTU Case 6: œ t 1,600 CMH, FTU š x œ» t y w ü» t y v l (FTU) q w» t y d w» w w x Case ü» t d Table 1. t, œ»» t š, œ»» t ƒw ùkû, t ƒw ùkû. ü w d w, œ» ûš, ùkû. œ» w» ü w ƒ û. w» w ƒ. Case 2 Case 1 w s³» t ü w ƒ j ùkû. Case 1 ƒ œ» t ƒ ûš œ» t ƒ. Case 3 Case 1 d w, x» t w ù v l (FTU) t ƒw» t ƒ Fig. 10. Supply airflow distribution (case 1). Table 1. Airflow of diffusers Case Diffuser (CMH) max min ave sd FTU (CMH) Fig. 11. Pressure of underfloor plenum (case 1). Case Case Case Case Case Case Table 2. Pressure of underfloor Fig. 12. Supply airflow distribution (case 2). Case Pressure (Pa) max min ave sd Case Case Case Case Case Case Fig. 13. Pressure of underfloor plenum (case 2). w yy wz

5 yw» l s p w x 347 w ùkû.» t w, v l (FTU) t w ƒ ùkû. Case 4 Case 1 d w, œ t w ƒ û, s p j yƒ ùk û. Case 5 Case 4 d w, x» t w, v l (FTU) t ƒw» t ƒw d. ü w s³ 0.3 Pa w ùkû. Case 6, Case 5 d w, x» t w v l (FTU)» t ƒw ƒw ùkû. w s³ 0.2 Pa w ùkû. 4. yw l 4.1. yw» l p Fig. 14. Supply airflow distribution (case 3). Fig. 18. Supply airflow distribution (case 5). Fig. 15. Pressure of underfloor plenum (case 3). Fig. 19. Pressure of underfloor plenum (case 5). Fig. 16. Supply airflow distribution (case 4). Fig. 20. Supply airflow distribution (case 6). Fig. 17. Pressure of underfloor plenum (case 4). Fig. 21. Pressure of underfloor plenum (case 6). 14 «4 y 2007

6 348»xÁ ³ Fig. 22. Geometry and grid system. w» w x k CFD ww. w w œ j» 15 mü3.6 mü0.3 m w,» 1.8 m,» 0.12 m w. k-ε ù w, q ƒƒ w 1Ü10 3 w w. x l Fig x m ww, Case w s ùkü. Case 1 l 3¾ œ» e 3.5~4 m w ƒ û ùk û, Case 4 l 6¾ 2.5~3 m w ƒ û ùkû. FTU t ƒ w û ùkû, œ»» t w, Fig. 24. Pressure of plenum (case 2). FTU t w w s p ùkû. œ»» t y g w sƒ yw ùkû. œ»» t ƒw w s ƒ j w ùkû. Fig. 25. Pressure of plenum (case 3). Fig. 23. Pressure of plenum (case 1). w yy wz Fig. 26. Pressure of plenum (case 4).

7 Fig. 27. Pressure of plenum (case 5). Fig. 28. Pressure of plenum (case 6). Fig. 29. Pressure of different airflow. ƒ, œ»» e 4~6 m ƒ j w ùkû. w s œ t t,» t» w w ùkû, p w sƒ ³x ƒ w mƒ. yw» l s p w x » l x wš ƒ x p w. w ƒ» l yw» l p w» w x x mw» t w s d w.» l x p. (1)» l», p, p+, œ w œ m ƒ,» t p ƒ ùkû. (2)» l ƒ,, yw w, ƒ œ w œ m,» t w ùkû. (3) ƒ» l x x mw» t w s d w, ƒ œ» m û p ùkü»» t w û ùkû, œ» m û p»» t w ùkû. (4) yw» CAV l œ» t wš FTU t ƒw w û s p œ ƒ w ùkû. w yw» VAV l FTU t ƒ w œ» t ƒw, w s p w œ ƒ ƒw ùkû.» TAB mw» t w w t w v w q. (5) ƒ» l œ»» t,»,», w œ x w w sƒ w ùkû, p œ t w VAV w, s dw œ t w w q. 14 «4 y 2007

8 350»xÁ ³ x,,,,,»x (2005)» l w». w œwzw w tz, ,,,,,»x (2004)» l u e üy. w œwzw w tz, n š : : : w yy wz

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