49(6)-06.fm

Transcription

1 Journal of the Korean Chemical Society 2005, Vol. 49, No. 6 Printed in the Republic of Korea 중학교과학교과서불꽃반응실험에서선스펙트럼관찰의문제점분석및개선연구 ½ Á Á * w w yw ( ) An Analysis and Improvement of the Line Spectrum Observation on Flame Reaction Experiment in Middle School Science Textbook Young-Ae Kim, Eun-Kyeong Lee, and Seong-Joo Kang * Department of Chemistry Education, Korea National University of Education, Chung-Buk , Korea (Received October 4, 2005). w 3w w k x rp w wš, k w w. w» rp ƒ w Ÿ» jp w. x jp k w w k x ww w w w ƒƒ rp w. :, Ÿ», rp ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to analyze and improve the line spectrum observation on the flame reaction described in middle school textbook. The continuous sample injector and the spectrometer kit observable line spectra were developed to improve the flame reaction experiment. Students could well distinguish the flame color of elements and observe the difference of line spectrum pattern for each element. Keywords: Flame Reaction, Diffraction Grating Spectrometer, Line Spectrum 7 w k y w w» k y k mw w wš. p 1 w k mw» w wwš, k k w ü. w w k k w w» w k y w w. x w ü k y y w w y š w xk. ù, k y w x k». w x w ù 2, x w x x» ƒ x w wš w». x w k x» ƒ w y wùƒ x. w x x»» w x w rp w» 584

2 2005, Vol. 49, No. 6 w w x rp 585 x. x x, w z mw x w ñ» j w x» w. x w w x w, rp, Ÿ, Ÿ d w yw ñ ý. xw 3 w š, ù sww w y. y l w w k ƒ k ƒ, ƒ» q š ùkù., w w x rp mw ù w k ù y w ŸŸ, Ÿw Ÿ», UV-vis ŸŸ 4-5 w x» ù e w { wš w ù, w x w w» w ü w. w x x kƒ w ƒ me û ƒ e e m w. k ƒ œ ƒ ƒ k. k k ƒ ù k ƒ w w rp. M ( k) + hv M* ( k) š š (nebulization) k z, w, š y(crystallization)wš,» k y(atomization) w rp. 13 M nh 2O + X nh 2O M 0 (s)+x 0 (s) M 0 (g) + X 0 (g) yƒ w yw wƒ. Ÿ» j w, k j w öe»., r p w Ÿ»ƒ f w, q ƒ Ÿ ü q w w., ùp w ƒ 3s ƒ 3p ƒ ƒ w q nm nm w w. 4,6,9,11 x w z rp w y š., x mx Ÿ» rp w». w, x w j» w w. 3,14-20 Humbolt rw v q kj w ù, w» w 3 ù» w ù, k / k 15 ù16 g 18, k»19 w w ƒ. ü w z x w k» wš w. ù, x» mw w ù, œ ù x y w» w w ƒ š. 7 w 3w w x w w k wš, x y rw rp w Ÿ» jp wš. ü ü 7 w 3w w š k x wš x e w» w ü.

3 586 ½ Á Á 1. w w 8 x e wš w. 2. w w» rp w Ÿ» w. 3. x jp w x w w. 7 w 3w w 8 œm š x x e, w. ƒ e,, k,, rp e w w š, w x ƒ y xk w. x w» w A w 3w 36 w C k y š x ww w. š j z ƒ me ƒ¾ ƒ ƒ rp w w, 4ƒ ( yùp, ye, ye, y p p) kw w. x z w w š» x w w w w» w k x x jp w. w k w jp ƒ š w x w A w 36 w k x w w w w.. A w ( y 9 ) B q ( 11 ) C ( x 11 ) D (½ 11 ) E y ( 11 ) F ( x 11 ) G (½ 9 ) H w ( Ÿ 16 ) e Table 1 8 e me, kƒ w š. wr, D g v, F wš. k w wš, k w w y ƒ¾ ùkù w. w, 8 Ÿ» w rp wš. k š (C, E, G)ù (A, B, H), 2 (D, F) š ù g wš. 3 (A, B, H) k j ù j w wš. j ù j Table 1. The analysis of flame reaction experiment in the middle school science textbook flame fuel injection sample state A torch C 4H 10 nichrome wire solution B torch C 4H 10 nichrome wire solution C torch C 4H 10 nichrome wire solid D torch C 4H 10 nichrome wire solid lamp CH 3OH wick solution +CH 3OH E torch C 4H 10 nichrome or Pt wire solid F torch C 4H 10 nichrome wire solid dish CH 3OH burning solid in CH 3OH G torch C 4H 10 nichrome or Pt wire solid H torch C 4H 10 clip solution Journal of the Korean Chemical Society

4 w w x rp 587 w» w ƒ w. š ƒ me ƒ ƒ o xw w x. w ƒ t rp w w». w C š j x j w w. j ƒ me y ü yùp ù ye w w. ye y p p w w». Ÿ» ù e w w Ÿ» wš w w x Ÿ» mx mx Ÿ» w rp ù kù e. w, rp. 36 w x w w, r p w» w 4ƒ Ÿ» w ù x w w r p w w. x x rp w y w x. rp w ùkù w. x.» jp g v w v w y ùkù ù ƒ me w xw. n w w rp w, ƒ ù w w. me» w w jp w. jp w k š w w. ù w Fig. 1. Picture and scheme of the syringe-type nebulizer. wš w w ƒ me û rp w ƒ ƒ w. w w w» w» w»x» w.»» w rp. rp w» 20 w ƒ n w»» w n w.,» xk n w w n w»x» w.»x»»» w ƒ xk w. Fig. 1»x». Ÿ» Ÿ» rp w» w w mx Ÿ» rp ùkù e. Fig. 2 w Ÿ». Ÿ» ü É w, ú w 0.8 mm w. w z 500 /mm ƒ v p z 18 cm 2005, Vol. 49, No. 6

5 588 ½ Á Á Table 2. The number of students observed before and after using the improved kit Sample Before After Sodium chloride Potassium chloride 7 30 Calcium chloride Strontium chloride Fig. 2. Picture and scheme of the diffraction grating spectrometer.. z w z z y w, 500 /mm v p q ƒ 1.18 nm w. ùp q (589.0, nm) ƒ 0.6 nm q. z ƒ oƒ 98 w w n z rp A ùkú w. Ÿ» A rp ùkù w rp w. w, le rp z j w. kit w x w w»x» w ƒ me n w w z Ÿ» rp w w. w š w, yùp, ye w yw w w ƒ Table 2 ƒw. w, ye y ùkü y ùp ƒ w š, y p p w ùkû., w w., yùp, ye w rp w y w w. 3,16,18-19 rp w w yùp, ye Ÿ» jp w r p mw w w. w yùp ye rp Ÿ» Ÿ» w w w z w w y w. Ÿ» w w z rp w ù 36 w w. Ÿ»»x» w w z rp w š Fig. 3. š» rp w, yùp 36 w 1 w 35 rp w š w. w, yùp ye w w w ü Table 3.,, rp w w 20, w ùkù, y, q w w. Journal of the Korean Chemical Society

6 w w x rp 589, 36 w yùp ye rp w š w. Fig. 4 jp w rp le. ùp (a) w ù rp š, e (c),, rp w. w, y p p (d) q rp w Ÿ» rp w y w. Fig. 3. The student report showing the color of light and the line spectrum. Table 3. The number of students observed each line spectrum for the CaCl 2 solution Line spectrum Student Line spectrum Student yellow 36 violet 16 green 30 orange 13 red 24 blue 4 7 w 3w w 8 x w. e ƒ me, k ƒ, n wš., w n ƒ. w w» w»x» w.»x» w wš, w Fig. 4. The observed line spectra by an improved spectrometer (a) Sodium (b) Potassium (c) Calcium (d) Strontium. 2005, Vol. 49, No. 6

7 590 ½ Á Á n w rp w. š, w Ÿ» rp ƒ w, Ÿ» w. Ÿ» rp z w w.» mx Ÿ» rp ùkù e yw ùkü w rp, jp rp ùkù e Õ rp w. x jp w w x ww w, w»» xw w w š,» Ÿ» rp x w w w rp w ù ƒ rp ƒƒ w. w 3w w k x k y x yw y ƒ wš x y». w w» z w. x 1. w w (III); w :, š ; ½ ; x w w wz 2004, 23(2), Dalby, D. K. J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, Goode, S. R.; Metz, L. A. J. Chem. Educ. 2003, 80, Minas da Piedade, M. E.; Berberan-Santos, M. N. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, Stafford, F. E.; Wortman, J. H. J. Chem. Educ. 1962, 39, Miller, K. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1974, 51, Rappon, M.; Greer, J. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1987, 64, McSwiney, H. D.; Peters, D. W.; Griffith, W. B., Jr.; Mathews, C. W. 1989, 66, Shields, G. C.; Kash, M. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1992, 69, Appling, J. F.; Yonke, F. J.; Edgington, R. A,; Jacobs, S. J. Chem. Educ. 1993, 70, Smith, G. D.; Sanford, C. L.; Jones, B. T. J. Chem. Educ. 1995, 72, w š,, ½ x, ³, k, š, x, x»» Ó xô, q ƒ:, 2000; p Fragale, C.; Bruno, P. J. Chem. Educ. 1976, 53, Levine, E. H.; The Science Teacher. 1992, 59(3), McKelvy, G. M. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, Bare, W. D.; Bradley, T.; Pulliam, E. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, Dragojlovic, V. J. Chem. Educ. 1999, 76, Johnson, K. A.; Schreiner, R. J. Chem. Educ. 2001, 78, Shakhashiri, B. Z. Chemical Demonstrations, vol.2, U. of Wisconsin: Madison, pp M9-M Hughes, E., Jr. J. Chem. Educ. 1984, 61, Cortel, A.; Fernandez. L. J. Chem. Educ. 1986, 63, Wakabayashi, F.; Hamada, K.; Sone, K. J. Chem. Educ. 1998, 75, Diaz, L.; Smith, C. A. J. Chem. Educ. 2005, 82, Glynn, T. J. Phys. Educ. 1993, 28, ½ yw, 1998, 25(1), Journal of the Korean Chemical Society