31(3B)-07(7055).fm

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1 ª Œª Œ 31ƒ 3B Á œ pp. 265 ~ 276 ª w w s³ The Correlation Between the Moving Average of Precipitation and Groundwater Level in Korea Á½û» Yang, Jeong-SeokÁKim, Nam-Ki Abstract Precipitation data and groundwater level data were collected for Korean peninsular and Jeju island. The relationship between precipitation and groundwater level and the correlation between the moving average of precipitation and goundwater level were analyzed. Critical infiltration, which is the spatially averaged maximum daily infiltration depth over interested region, is considered when the precipitation data was modified for moving average process and correlation between the moving average of modified precipitation and groundwater level. High correlation regions, which have greater than 0.6 correlation coefficients, were selected after the analysis with ciritical infiltration. Twenty-six regions were selected for high correlation regions. If we divide the regions by administrative district, there are nine regions for Gyungsang-Do, five regions for Chunchung-Do, four regions for Gyunggi-Do and Gangwon-Do, three regions for Jolla-Do, and one region for Jeju island. The groundwater level data for high correlation regions shows obvious response after precipitation event and there are few cases with abrupt change in groundwater level without precipitation-related event. Keywords : moving average of precipitation, groundwater level, critical infiltration, correlation w sww ƒ w d d w d w. w w z w s³ w z w w. w s³ en w en š w z, s³ w w. w en š ƒ 0.6 œ w š, œm p w. 26 š w» ƒ 4, ƒ 4, ƒ 5, ƒ 3, ƒ 9, ƒ 1. ƒ w w ùkû, w w ùkû. m d ù y w ƒ w w d ƒ w». w : s³, w, w en, 1. x w š»z y w yƒ wš. ql ù sƒ w, ƒ y ³ ƒ ƒw vwƒ f q. ù ew y kt š y wš w vwƒ ƒwš. w» w w w w y ƒw š. ù wš ùy»z yƒ š. w y š w w š y, w wš ƒw w» w ã š. p w p q w» w w w w v f š. ƒ t w» w d s³ (Wilhite, 1985; Gutmann, 1999) w z Á Á w lœw Áœw ( jyang@kookmin.ac.kr) w lœw Áw ( mainhouse@naver.com) 31ƒ 3B œ 265

2 w w p q w» w y w y q w» w s³ en w en w. ü w w s³ w w» (, 2005), s³ w en š w w w ƒ (, 2005, 2006a, 2006b). w y w w ù w w š sw g. w û d ¼ d d ƒ d ƒ û ƒ š d ƒ ƒ w en s³ š ƒ p.» w 2008 ƒw š k» d w» w w. ƒ w l(gims) p e w, ƒ w l(wamis) š» d w d w s³ w w. 165 š ƒ wš 2008 ƒw w » w w d d ƒ 10 km ü œ 1 w z, w d d w. ¼ ƒ 3 w œ w š,» d w w l w. w d ¼ ƒ» w w š d w w. Fig. 1 w en š w ƒ 0.6 œ 26 ùkü ƒx ƒ 0.8, x 0.7, ƒx 0.6 w t w. w» ƒ 4, ƒ 4, ƒ 5, ƒ 3, ƒ 9, ƒ 1. w, d q w š Table 1 w. w d ƒ w l( go.kr) d y w. d d d ƒƒ w, 3 d», d 10 w w w. p e w ( d y w. d. w Fig. 1 High correlation (>0.6) regions w y w. d ƒ w l( w 2005 ¾ w š, z w r w w s³ (Moving Average, MA) w. s³ w d» s³ w. š s³, 30 s³ w. s³ 360 w. ƒƒ s³ w w z ƒ ƒ s³ w s³ š wš w. s³ 10 w» sww N w w w z, N ù. w» ü d ƒ e w w wš. w w w w w e s³ en w en š w. 10 mm w en ƒ w z 10 mm 10 mm w z s³ wš, w w. ƒ w en 10 mm 20 mm, 30 mm w w w ƒ ƒ j w en w w en w. v w š java program w w. 266 ª Œª Œ

3 Table 1. The correlation between the moving average of precipitation and groundwater level Ground Water Level 1 Administrative District Gyeonggi-do Ground Water Level Gapyeong-Gapyeong Precipitation Gapyeong 2 Gunpo-Dangjeong Banwol2 3 Yangpyeong-Gagun Yangpyeong 4 Ansung-Simmo MT. Yangseong 5 Gangwon-do Wonju-Munmak Munmak 6 Jeongseon-Jeongseon Jeongseon 7 Yeongwol-Yeongwol Yeongwol 8 Taebaek-Hwangjj Taebaek 9 Eumseong-Daeso Oryu 10 Jincheon-Jincheon Jincheon Chungcheong-do 11 Cheongwon-gadeok Munul 12 Cheongwon-Buyong Bugang 13 Gongju-Banpo Banpo 14 Jinan-Maryeong Seongsu 15 Jeolla-do Suncheon-Oeseo Usan 16 Suncheon-Sangsa Suncheon2 Geological Stratum Moving Average (day) Critical Infiltration (mm / day) 60 / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ƒ 3B œ 267

4 Ground Water Level Table 1. The correlation between the moving average of precipitation and groundwater level Administrative District Ground Water Level Uiseong-Angye Precipitation Oeseong 18 Chilgok-Gasan Gomae 19 Goryeong-Goryeong Goryeong 20 Geochang-Geochang Geochang Gyeongsang-do 21 Uiryeong-Nakseo Sinban 22 Miryang-Hanam Susan 23 Hadong-Yangbo Sancheong 24 Jinju-Chojeon Jinju 25 Jinju-Ilbanseong Jinyang Geological Stratum Moving Average (day) Critical Infiltration (mm / day) 20 / / / / / / / / / / Jeju Wimi Seogwipo / / / / w s³ w ƒ ew Table 1 w. w, w d 3 4 t. Moving Average s³ ùküš, w ew s³, w ew ùkü. ew Critical Infiltration w en ùküš, w ew w en (mm) s³ (day) ùk ü. w ew ùkü. d Fig. 2~Fig. 13¾ w d p w. ƒ j wš w p w ³ w n w q. Fig. 2 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Gunpo- Dangjeong, Banwol2 gauge station 3.1» s ~10 w w w w w 268 ª Œª Œ

5 Fig. 3 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Ansung- Sinmo Mt., Yangseong gauge station Fig. 6 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Gongju- Banpo, Banpo gauge station Fig. 4 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Taebaek- Hwangji, Taebaek gauge station Fig. 7 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Eumseong- Daeso, Oryu gauge station Fig. 5 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Jincheon- Jincheon, Jincheon gauge station ƒ d» š w m š, w m w s w û s. - m w ƒ w ƒw z, Fig. 8 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Jinan- Maryeong, Seongsu gauge station w w p. w, 5 d» w w ƒ w w x 8z ù kû, z w. p 2005 w 5m ƒ w w x ùkûš, w q m d» š w ƒ d, w d m 31ƒ 3B œ 269

6 Fig. 9 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Uiseong- Angye, Angye gauge station Fig. 12 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Jinju- Ilbanseong, Jinyang gauge station Fig. 10 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Chilgok- Gasan, Gomae gauge station Fig. 11 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Hadong- Yangbo gauge station š w w ùkû. k y -k z w ƒ wš»» y s š. w z y w q. Fig. 13 Precipitation and groundwater level plot for Wimi, Seogwipo gauge station s³ ƒ ¼ ù, w w 300 mm y w s wš ƒ wš, w w. Fig. 3 w w p š ù w x š ùkù w d q kƒ yw» q ( ). - w en š s³ ƒ 40 š w en 40 mm ù š, w 4 ¾ z w w ƒ 6 w. 3 t» wš 9 w. s³ š w w en ¾ š w ƒ 0.06 w. d» š 1.59 m d w r. ƒ - w w w, 5~11, 12 ~4 w š. z w ƒ w w ùkûš, p 270 ª Œª Œ

7 » w, 11 š», y g w. w w en ƒ ùkûš, m ƒ 6.8 m d. œ s- s ƒ 2008 š w w û x š w en 110 mm r. ¼ 2003 l 2008 ¾ 6 w š š» w. 11.8~14.8 m e w ty d q kƒ w w r. - d» w ƒ wš w ùk ù. w š w y w z w q. - d 2000 l 2007 ¾ w ã w w wš,»» w ù w. ã w d ƒ v w q. w en š w s³ w ƒ š w w ùkû. w en 20 mm w w wš w œ w d, w w wš. w, ù š, w ƒw w š. ešƒ -š š ã w w. w» w, y w wš w w p. s³ 10 ƒ š, w en 280 mm ùkù w ƒ w. w - p w»» ù ƒ š p s³ š w j. w q w w w d» w ã w wš w y w q. - d 2003 w 2008» t» ƒ j. š w x x w ùš».» mm» w š, 18 z m» w s d 2006 l 3 d 2008 š w ƒ w. p w en 270 mm w ùkùš ƒ w w w w q. 4. w d w s³ w en w š w s³ w. w s³ wš w w w w š ƒ w. s³ w ƒ ƒ œ - 90 s³ ƒ š, ƒ. w en š w z s³ w ƒ ƒ œ s - s w en 40 mm š s³ ƒ. w,» ƒ 4, ƒ 4, ƒ 3, û ƒ 2, 1, û 2, 3, û 6, 1 ƒ w en š 0.6 ƒ. d» š, d w ù ew,», k w ƒ. w d 1999 l 2006 ¾ w, 2003, 2004 ƒ ƒ. d d d w ƒ 1, d d w ƒ 7 ù kû. d w œ 14 š, ew - s d ƒ. ƒ w s w š,» w œ w w yƒ. x ¾ k w ¼ ¼, w s³ w d d š d» w x x. ù wz ƒ w d» d w. y w» w w d 10 km w ƒ x w s ƒ ³ w w w en p š w ƒ û». d ƒ w d» w š w. 31ƒ 3B œ 271

8 ƒ w p w ùkù wš w w y s j w. w en š w s³ w z š ƒ j ww w z w d ù w y w, w d ƒ w q. wz p w w e w š w š w ww. w»z y w y w w d w d w ƒ wz w w w (KRF D00614). š x ƒ l( ƒ w l( ( x,, ½,, (2005) w w t, w wz t, w wz, p. 60. p w ( ½û»(2009) z w en š w w w s³, œw, w œwz, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp , x,, (2006a) IHP w en š w s³ w, w wz t, w wz., y, x, (2006b) w z š w GOI, w wz, w wz, 39«2y, pp , y, x,, (2005) w en š w w, œw, w œwz, 15«3y, pp p e w ( w y m ( Guttman, Nathaniel B. (1999) Accepting the standardized precipitation index : a calculation algorithm., Journal of the American Water Resources Association, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp Wilhite, D.A. and Glantz, M.H. (1985) Understanding the drought phenomenon : the role of definition., Water international, Vol. 10, pp ( : / : / : ) 272 ª Œª Œ

9 Ground Water Level 1 Administrative District Gyeonggi-do Ground Water Level Gapyeong-Gapyeong. y Geological Stratum 2 Gunpo-Dangjeong 3 Yangpyeong-Gagun 4 Ansung-Simmo MT. 5 Gangwon-do Wonju-Munmak 6 Jeongseon-Jeongseon 7 Yeongwol-Yeongwol 8 Taebaek-Hwangjj Depth Geological Features 0 m~7 m d 7 m~8.1 m ty d 8.1 m~38.5 m d 38.5 m~130 m d 0 m~7 m 7 m~7.5 m d ty d 0 m~6 m m 6 m~11 m ty 11 m~40 m 40 m~70 m 0 m~3 m m 3 m~5 m 5 m~9 m 9 m~11 m ty 11 m~52 m 52 m~70 m 0 m~3 m m 3 m~5 m 5 m~9 m 9 m~9.5 m ty 0 m~0.5 m m 0.5 m~5 m ty 5 m~46 m 46 m~70 m 0 m~1.5 m 1.5 m~12 m 12 m~17.3 m 17.3 m~63 m 0 m~15 m m 15 m~27 m 27 m~30 m 30 m~38 m ty 38 m~48.5 m 48.5 m~70 m 0 m~3 m m 3 m~9 m 9 m~13.5 m ty 13.5 m~46.7 m 46.7 m~70 m 10 m~1.2 m p 1.2 m~5 m ty 5 m~70 m 70 m~80 m 31ƒ 3B œ 273

10 9 Eumseong-Daeso 10 Jincheon-Jincheon Chungcheong-do 11 Cheongwon-gadeok 12 Cheongwon-Buyong 13 Gongju-Banpo 14 Jinan-Maryeong Jeolla-do 15 Suncheon-Oeseo 0 m~1 m m 1 m~20 m 20 m~35.9 m ty 35.9 m~54.5 m 54.5 m~68 m 0 m~1 m m 1 m~20 m 20 m~21.2 m ty 0 m~1 m p 1 m~3 m 3 m~7 m 7m ~10 m 10 m~10.5 m ty 10.5 m~45 m 45 m~71 m 0 m~5.2 m md 5.2 m~6.8 m m d 6.8 m~18 m ty d 18 m~44.1 m d 44.1 m~65 m d 0 m~5.2 m md 5.2 m~6.8 m m d 6.8 m~18 m ty d 18 m~25 m d 0 m~2 m md 2 m~6 m d 6 m~11.6 m d 11.6 m~13.1 m d 13.1 m~13.8 m ty 13.8 m~46 m d 46 m~70 m d 0 m~1.5 m d 1.5 m~11.8 m d 11.8 m~14.8 c ty 14.8 m~48.8 m 48.8 m~68 m 0 m~5 m md 5 m~5.5 m d 5.5 m~12 m ty 12 m~37 m 37 m~71 m 0 m~3 m p d 3 m~7 m d 7 m~12 m ty d 12 m~32 m d 32 m~60 m d 0 m~4 m p d 0.4 m~9 m d 9 m~10 m ty d 274 ª Œª Œ

11 16 Jeolla-do Suncheon-Sangsa 17 Uiseong-Angye 18 Chilgok-Gasan 19 Goryeong-Goryeong Gyeongsang-do 20 Geochang-Geochang 21 Uiryeong-Nakseo 22 Miryang-Hanam 0 m ~ 3 m m 3 m~4 m 4 m~6 m 6 m~8 m 8 m~10.2 m ty 10.2 m~53.2 m 53.2 m~70 m 0 m~1.5 m md 1.5 m~3.5 m d 3.5 m~6 m ty 6 m~43.1 m d 43.1 m~70 m d 0 m~4 m md 4 m~6.5 m d 6.5 m~7.5 m d 7.5 m~12 m ty 12 m~50.8 m d 50.8 m~70 m d 0 m~4 m md 4 m~6.5 m d 6.5 m~7.5 m d 7.5 m~10 m ty 0 m~1 m md 1 m~6 m d 6 m~7 m d 0 m~1 m md 1 m~7 m d 7 m~9 m d 9 m~40 m 40 m~69 m d 0 m~1 m md 1 m~7 m d 7 m~9 m d 0 m~8 m md 8 m~28 m 28 m~38 m d / d 38 m~40 m ty 40 m~51 m 51 m~70 m 0 m~8 m md 8 m~20 m d 0 m~9 m 9 m~30 m md d 30 m~45 m d 45 m~50 m d 50 m~60 m d 60 m~70 m d 31ƒ 3B œ 275

12 23 Gyeongsang-do Hadong-Yangbo 24 Jinju-Chojeon 25 Jinju-Ilbanseong 0 m~3 m md 3 m~10 m ty 10 m~56.2 m d 56.2 m~70 m d 0 m~1.5 m p md 1.5 m~6.5 m p d 6.5 m~9 m d 9 m~9.5 m d 9.5 m~21 m ty 21 m~51 m d 51 m~70 m 0 m~3.8 m p d 3.8 m~12 m d 0 m~1.5 m md 1.5 m~5 m d 5 m~6.4 m d 6.4 m~9.6 m ty 9.6 m~49.1 m d 49.1 m~70 m d 26 Jeju Wimi ª Œª Œ