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작품번호 1816 출품분야학생출품부문환경 2012. 7. 구분성명 출품학생이가현 황소영 지도교사 이두영

žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž

žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž

žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž žžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžžž

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[ 그림 1] 왼돌이물달팽이 [ 그림 2] 왼돌이물달팽이해부도 - 2 -

[ 그림3] 레드램즈혼 [ 그림4] 레드렘즈혼해부도 [ 그림 5] [ 그림 6] 핑크램즈혼 - 3 -

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[ 그림 7] 레드렘즈혼에기생하는기생충의종류 - 5 -

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물질부하량 : 하천, 호수, 해역등공공수역에배출되는오염물질의총량. 대기 중에배출되는오염물질의총량을말하기도한다. < 표 1> 등급별수질및기준별측정량 등급 상태 ( 캐릭터 ) ph BOD (mg/l) 부유물질량 (mg/l) 기준 용존산소량 (mg/l) 대장균군 ( 군수 /100mL) 총분원성대장균군대장균군 매우좋음 Ia 6.5~8.5 1 이하 25 이하 7.5 이상 50 이하 10 이하 좋음 Ib 6.5~8.5 2 이하 25 이하 5.0 이상 500 이하 100 이하 약간좋음 II 6.5~8.5 3 이하 25 이하 5.0 이상 1,000 이하 200 이하 - 8 -

보통 III 6.5~8.5 5 이하 25 이하 5.0 이상 5,000 이하 1,000 이하 약간나쁨 IV 6.0~8.5 8 이하 100 이하 2.0 이상 - - 나쁨 V 6.0~8.5 10 이하 쓰레기등이떠있지아니할것 2.0 이상 - - 매우나쁨 VI - 10 초과 - 2.0 미만 - - 등급수생태계상태용도 가매우좋음 Ia 등급 나좋음 Ib 등급 용존산소가풍부하고오염물질이여과 살균등간단한정수처리후없는청정상태생활용수로사용할수있음. 용존산소가많은편이고오염물질여과 침전 살균등일반적인정수처리이거의없는청정상태에근접후생활용수로 다약간좋음 II 등급 약간의오염물질은있으나용존산여과 침전 살균등일반적인정수처리소가많은상태의다소좋은생태후생활용수또는수영용수로계 라보통 III 등급 마 약간나쁨 IV 등급 바나쁨 V 등급 사 매우나쁨 VI 등급 여과, 침전, 활성탄투입, 살균등보통의오염물질로인하여용존산고도의정수처리후생활용수로이용하소가소모되는일반생태계거나일반적정수처리후공업용수로 농업용수로사용하거나, 여과, 침전, 활상당량의오염물질로인하여용존성탄투입, 살균등고도의정수처리산소가소모되는생태계후공업용수 산책등국민의일상생활에불쾌감을다량의오염물질로인하여용존산유발하지않고, 활성탄투입, 역삼투압소가소모되는생태계공법등특수한정수처리후공업용수 용존산소가거의없는오염된물로물고기가살기어려움. 아. 용수는당해등급보다낮은등급의용도로사용할수있음. 자. ph 등각기준항목에대한오염도현황, 용수처리방법등을종합적으로검토하여그에맞는처리방법에따라용수를처리하는경우에는당해등급보다높은등급의용도로도사용할수있음. - 9 -

생물등급 매우좋음 ~ 좋음 좋음 ~ 보통 보통 ~ 약간나쁨 약간나쁨 ~ 매우나쁨 저서 ( 底棲 ) 생물 생물지표종 서식어류 서식지및생물특성 옆새우, 가재, 뿔하루살이, 민 - 물이매우맑으며, 유속은빠름. 하루살이, 강도래, 물날도래, 산천어, 금강모치, - 바닥은주로바위와자갈로구성. 광택날도래, 띠무늬우묵날도래, 열목어, 버들치등 - 부착조류가매우적음. 바수염날도래 다슬기, 넓적거머리, 강하루살 - 물이맑으며, 유속은약간빠르거 이, 동양하루살이, 등줄하루살쉬리, 갈겨니, 나보통. 이, 등딱지하루살이, 물삿갓벌은어, 쏘가리등 -바닥은주로자갈과모래로구성. 레, 큰줄날도래 - 부착조류가약간있음. - 물이약간혼탁하며, 유속은약간 물달팽이, 턱거머리, 물벌레, 밀잠피라미, 끄리, 모래 느린편. 자리 무지, 참붕어등 - 바닥은주로잔자갈과모래. - 부착조류가녹색을띠며많음. - 물이매우혼탁하며, 유속은느림. 왼돌이물달팽이, 실지렁이, 붉은깔다구, 나방파리, 꽃등에 붕어, 잉어, 미꾸라지, 메기등 - 바닥은주로모래와 silt 로구성, 대체로검은색. - 부착조류가갈색또는회색을띠며매우많음. - 10 -

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여름철인천시 5 대하천 25 18 18.75 14 13.25 12.5 7.5 8.2 7.3 7.6 7.2 7.3 6.252.87 3.48 3.5 0.45 1.19 0.43 0 굴포천공천천나진포천승기천장수천 BOD ph 개체수 ( 왼돌이물달팽이 ) 개체수 ( 레드렘즈혼 ) - 13 -

겨울철인천시 5 대하천 8 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.3 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 3.12 2.83 1.14 0.38 0.38 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 굴포천공천천나진포천승기천장수천 BOD ph 개체수 ( 왼돌이물달팽이 ) 개체수 ( 레드렘즈혼 ) - 14 -

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순서 진 사 비고 -각 모서리에 달걀껍질, 썩은 미나리뿌리, 육식성 먹 이, 수초의 연한잎을 넣어 놓는다. <변인 설정> 수온: 세 개의 수조를 각각 수온 20, 24, 28 에 맞춰주고 핫팩을 이용하여 열을 공급한다. (수시로 온도를 측정하여 일정하게 유지 해준다) DO: 세 개의 수조를 각 DO 6, 4, 2에 맞춰준다. 햇빛의 유무: 두 개의 수조 중 하나는 햇빛을 차단하 지 않고 하나는 검은 천으로 덮어 햇빛을 차단한다. 1 2 -왼돌이물달팽이/ 마 레드렘즈혼을 10 리 넣고 관 다. 찰한 3 [그림 15] 환경에 따른 먹이선호도 실험 라. 실험결과 일 때의 먹이 선호도 달걀껍질 썩은 미나리 뿌리 육식성 먹이 <표 9> 수온20 왼돌이물달팽이 레드렘즈혼 0 3 3 0 7 7 <변인 수초의 일 때의 먹이 선호도 달걀껍질 썩은 미나리 뿌리 육식성 먹이 - 수온> 수초의 연한 잎 왼돌이물달팽이 레드렘즈혼 0 1 4 1 5 7 <표 11> 수온28 왼돌이물달팽이 레드렘즈혼 수온이 아질수 수온이 낮 0 0 일 때의 먹이 선호도 달걀껍질 썩은 미나리 뿌리 육식성 먹이 <표 10> 수온24 - - 수온> 수초의 연한 잎 <변인 록 - 수온> 연한 잎 1 1 <변인 0 6 3 1 0 1 5 4 왼돌이 물달팽이와 레드 렘즈혼 모두 식성먹이에 모이고, 육 높아질수록 왼돌이 물달팽이는 썩은 미나리 뿌리에, 레드 렘즈혼은 수초의 연 - 23 -

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수온에따른번식도실험 100 80 개체수60 40 20 0 20 24 28 온도 왼돌이물달팽이 왼돌이 + 레드렘즈혼 레드렘즈혼 왼돌이물달팽이 왼돌이 + 레드렘즈혼 레드렘즈혼 DO 2 10 -> 28 -> 56 10 -> 19-> 34 10 -> 32 -> 74 DO 4 10 -> 23 -> 47 10 -> 15 -> 26 10 -> 28 -> 62 DO 6 10 -> 31 -> 79 10 -> 26 -> 41 10 -> 38 -> 86 수질에따른번식도실험 ( 기준 : DO) 100 80 개체수60 40 20 0 DO 2 DO 6 왼돌이물달팽이 왼돌이 + 레드렘즈혼 레드렘즈혼 수조 - 30 -

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수질정화도비교 대조군물달팽이 ( 왼돌이 + 레드렘즈혼부레옥잠행운목 미나리부레옥잠 + 물달팽이행운목 + 물달팽이미나리 + 물달팽이 6. 왼 - 37 -

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왼돌이물달팽이의수온에따른재생도 패각이 자라난 정도 3 2 1 0 1 주 2 주 3 주 4 주 시간경과 20 24 28 레드렘즈혼의수온에따른재생도 패각이 자라난 정도 4 3 2 1 0 1 주 2 주 3 주 4 주 시간경과 - 39 -

왼돌이물달팽이의수질에따른재생도 패각이 자라난 정도 4 2 0 1 주 2 주 3 주 4 주 시간경과 DO 2 DO 4 DO 6 레드렘즈혼의수질에따른재생도 패각이 자라난 정도 6 3 0 1 주 3 주 시간경과 DO 2 DO 4 DO 6 - - 40 -

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