20. You are far more likely to eat what you can see in view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily access

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1 빈칸넣기 18. Dear Sue Smith, We are that we have not heard from you since we sent you the selections you chose when you joined the Club. As you know, the payment is always when you receive your selections. Because we have not received the payment, we have suspended your membership. Don t miss out on all the benefits your membership offers you: the widest selection of music, great discounts and more! Please return the bottom portion of this letter with your check in the enclosed envelope. Send us your today. Paying promptly will restore your membership to good standing. Sincerely, Larry Cook Sue Smith 씨께저희는귀하가클럽에가입할때선택하셨던제품을보내드린이후로귀하로부터답변을듣지못해염려하고있습니다. 아시는바와같이, 제품을받으시면항상지불기한이된것입니다. 저희가아직돈을받지않았기때문에, 귀하의회원자격특혜를일시적으로중지하였습니다. 가장다양하게선택할수있는음악들, 큰폭의할인등귀하의회원자격이제공하는모든혜택들을놓치지마십시오! 이편지의아랫부분을귀하의수표와함께동봉된봉투에넣어다시보내주십시오. 저희에게오늘대금을보내주십시오. 신속히지불해주시면귀하의회원자격이정상으로회복될것입니다. Larry Cook 올림 19. On December 6th, I arrived at University Hospital in Cleveland at 10:00 a.m. I went through the process of. I grew anxious because the time for surgery was closer. I was directed to the waiting area, where I remained until my name was called. I had a few hours of waiting time. I just kept. At some point in my ongoing prayer process, before my name was called, in the midst of the chaos, an unbelievable peace embraced me. All my fear disappeared! An peace overrode my emotions. My physical body relaxed in the comfort provided, and I looked forward to getting the surgery over with and working hard at recovery. 12 월 6 일오전 10 시에나는 Cleveland 에있는 University 병원에도착했다. 나는입원허가절차를밟았다. 나는수술시간이다가오고있어서점점불안감을느꼈다. 나는대기실로안내되었고내이름이불릴때까지거기에머물렀다. 나는대기시간이몇시간있었다. 나는계속기도만했다. 계속기도하는어느시점에선가, 내이름이불리기전, 혼돈속에서, 믿을수없는평화가나를감쌌다. 나의모든두려움이사라졌다! 믿을수없는평화가내감정위로퍼졌다. 제공된편안함속에몸의긴장이풀렸고, 나는수술을끝마치고회복을위해열심히노력하기를고대하였다. 1 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

2 20. You are far more likely to eat what you can see in view. Organize the foods in your kitchen so the best choices are most visible and easily accessible. It also helps to hide poor choices in places. An even better idea is to simply get rid of anything with low nutritional value that you may be tempted to eat. Put fruits, vegetables, and other healthy options at level in your refrigerator, or leave them out on the table. Even when you aren t hungry, simply seeing these items will plant a seed in your mind for your next snack. Also taking small bags of nuts, fruits, or vegetables with you when you are away from home. That way, you can satisfy a mid afternoon even if no good options are available. * craving: 갈망, 욕구 여러분은여러분이분명히볼수있는것을먹을가능성이훨씬더크다. 가장좋은선택 ( 음식 ) 이눈에아주잘띄고쉽게접근할수있도록주방에있는음식을정돈하라. 좋지않은선택은불편한장소에숨기는것또한도움이된다. 훨씬더좋은생각은먹고싶은유혹을받을수있는영양가가낮은것은어떤것이든그저없애는것이다. 과일과야채, 그리고다른건강한선택사항들을냉장고에눈높이로두거나식탁위에꺼내놓아라. 여러분이배고프지않을때조차도, 그냥이러한품목들을보기만해도여러분의마음에다음간식을위한 ( 생각의 ) 씨앗이심어질것이다. 또한여러분이집을떠나있을때견과류, 과일, 또는야채를작은봉지에담아가는것도고려하라. 그런방식으로, 여러분은좋은선택사항을이용할수없다하더라도오후중반에느끼는갈망을충족할수있다. 21. any game that involves more than one person teaches kids teamwork, the consequences of cheating, and how to be a good team player whether they or lose. It s not hard to see how those skills make it into the daily lives of kids. But like all things we hope to teach our children, learning to cooperate or to compete takes practice. Humans aren t naturally good at losing, so there will be tears, yelling, and cheating, but that s okay. The point is, games together helps kids with their socialization. It allows them a safe place to practice getting along, following rules, and how to be graceful in defeat. 어떤경기든둘이상이참여하는경기를하는것은아이들에게팀워크, 속임수사용의결과, 그리고경기에이기든지든훌륭한팀플레이어가되는방법을가르쳐준다. 그런기술이아이들의일상생활속으로어떻게형성되어들어가는지확인하는것은어렵지않다. 하지만우리가아이들에게가르치기를희망하는모든것들처럼, 협력하거나정정당당하게경쟁하는것을배우는것은연습이필요하다. 인간은본래지는것을잘하지못하므로, 눈물, 고함, 그리고속임수가있을테지만, 그것은괜찮다. 요점은함께경기를하는것은아이들의사회화에도움을준다는것이다. 그것은아이들에게사이좋게지내기, 규칙준수하기, 그리고패배시멋진모습을보이는방법배우기를연습할안전한장소를제공한다. 2 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

3 22. The public growth of the Internet began in the 1990s, as increasing of computers came into homes and workplaces. The first online newspaper was published in the US and the Chicago based Tribune was among the first titles to put its content online, in As the decade, software developments made the task of creating online content quicker and cheaper between 1995 and 1998, the number of US dailies on the web grew from 175 to 750. in the UK followed the same pattern: in 1994, the Sunday Times the UK s first newspaper to have an online edition and a few months later the Daily Telegraph launched the Electronic Telegraph, Europe s first online daily. 인터넷의대중적인성장은점점더많은수의컴퓨터가가정과직장으로들어오면서 1990 년대에시작되었다. 최초의온라인신문이미국에서발간되었고, 시카고에기반을둔 Tribune 은자사의기사를온라인으로제공한최초의신문사중한곳이었는데, 그때가 1991 년이었다. 그십년간의시간이진행되는동안, 소프트웨어의발전이온라인콘텐츠를만드는작업을더빠르고더저렴하게해주었으며, 1995 년과 1998 년사이에웹상의미국일간지수가 175 개에서 750 개로성장했다. 영국의신문도동일한패턴을따라서, 1994 년에 Sunday Times 가온라인판신문을가진영국최초의신문이되었고, 몇개월후에 Daily Telegraph 도유럽최초의온라인일간지인 Electronic Telegraph 를시작했다. 23. Each spring in North America, the early morning hours are filled with the sounds of songbirds, such as sparrows and robins. While it may seem like these birds are simply singing songs, many are in the middle of an intense for territories. For many birds, this struggle could ultimately decide whom they mate with and if they ever raise a family. When the birds return from their winter grounds, the males usually arrive first. Older, more dominant males will reclaim their old territories: a tree, shrub, or even a ledge. Younger males will try to challenge the older ones for space by mimicking the song that the older males are singing. The birds that can sing the loudest and the longest usually wind up with the best. * ledge: 선반모양의공간 매년봄북미에서이른아침시간은참새나울새와같은명금 ( 鳴禽 ) 들의아름다운노랫소리로가득차있다. 이런새들은단순히노래만하는것처럼보이지만, 많은수가영역을차지하려는치열한경쟁중에있다. 많은새들에게있어이런싸움은결국그들이누구와짝짓기를할지그리고그들이가정을정말꾸리게될지를결정할수있다. 새들이겨울에먹이를먹던곳에서돌아올때, 수컷들이보통먼저도착한다. 나이가더많고, 더지배적인수컷들은그들의지난번영역인나무, 관목, 혹은심지어창문선반같은곳을되찾을것이다. 어린수컷들은나이가더많은수컷이하는노래를흉내냄으로써자리를차지하기위해그들에게도전하려할것이다. 가장크고가장길게노래할수있는새들이가장좋은영역을차지하는것으로보통끝이난다. 3 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

4 25. Grant Wood grew up on a farm and drew with whatever materials could be spared. Often he used from the wood fire to sketch on a leftover piece of brown paper. He was only ten when his father died, and his mother moved the family to Cedar Rapids, Iowa, where Wood went to school. He studied part time at the State University of Iowa and night classes at the Art Institute of Chicago. When he was 32, he went to Paris to study at the Académie Julian. In 1927, he traveled to Munich, Germany, where some of the most artists of the period were working. While there, he saw German and Flemish artworks that influenced him greatly, especially the work of Jan van Eyck. After that trip, his style to reflect the realism of those painters. Grant Wood 는농장에서자랐고마련할수있는어떤재료로든그림을그렸다. 그는장작불에서나온숯을이용해쓰다남은포장용갈색종이위에자주스케치했다. 겨우열살때그의아버지가돌아가셨고, 그의어머니는가족을데리고아이오와주의 Cedar Rapids 로이사하였고, 그곳에서그는학교에다녔다. 그는아이오와주립대학교에서시간제로공부했고, 시카고미술학교에서야간수업을들었다. 32 살이되었을때, 그는파리로가서 Académie Julian 에서공부했다 년에그는당대의가장뛰어난예술가중몇몇이활동중이던독일의 Munich( 뮌헨 ) 로여행을했다. 거기에있는동안, 그는그에게크게영향을준독일과 Flanders( 플랑드르 ) 지역의작품들을보았는데, 특히 Jan van Eyck 의작품에서영향을받았다. 그여행이후, 그의스타일이바뀌어그화가들의사실주의를반영했다. 28. Although sports nutrition is a fairly new academic discipline, there have always been made to athletes about foods that could enhance athletic. One ancient Greek athlete is reported to have eaten dried figs to enhance training. There are reports that marathon runners in the 1908 Olympics drank cognac to improve performance. The teenage phenomenon, Mary Decker, surprised the sports world in the 1970s when she reported that she ate a plate of spaghetti noodles the night before a race. Such may be suggested to athletes because of their real or perceived benefits by individuals who excelled in their sports. Obviously, some of these practices, such as drinking alcohol during a marathon, are no longer, but others, such as a high carbohydrate meal the night before a competition, have stood the test of time. 운동영양학이매우새로운학문분야이긴하지만, 선수들의운동기량을향상할수있게하는음식에관한충고는늘존재해왔다. 고대그리스의한운동선수는컨디션을향상하기위해말린무화과를먹었다고전해진다 년올림픽에서마라톤선수들은기량을향상하기위하여코냑을마셨다는보고가있다. 십대달리기천재인 Mary Decker 는 1970 년대에스포츠계를놀라게했는데, 그녀는경주전날밤스파게티한접시를먹었다고이야기했다. 그러한관행은그것의실제적인이득혹은자신의운동분야에서탁월한능력을보인개인들이인식한이득때문에운동선수들에게권고될수도있다. 분명마라톤중에술을마시는것과같은이러한관행중일부는더이상추천되지않지만, 경기전날밤의고 ( 高 ) 탄수화물식사와같은다른관행은세월의검증을견뎌냈다. 4 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

5 29. Although instances occur in which partners start their by telling everything about themselves to each other, such instances are rare. In most cases, the amount of disclosure increases over time. We begin relationships by relatively little about ourselves; then if our first bits of self disclosure are well received and bring on similar responses from the other person, we re willing to reveal more. This principle is important to. It would usually be a mistake to assume that the way to build a strong relationship would be to reveal the most private details about yourself when first making contact with another person. Unless the are unique, such baring of your soul would be likely to scare potential partners away rather than bring them closer. * bare: 드러내다 파트너들이자신에관한모든것을서로에게말함으로써관계를시작하는사례도일어나기는하지만, 그러한사례는드물다. 대부분의경우에, 털어놓는이야기의양은시간이지나면서증가한다. 우리는자신에대해비교적거의드러내지않음으로써관계를시작하고, 그런뒤우리가처음에조금털어놓은자신에관한이야기가잘받아들여지고상대방으로부터도비슷한반응을불러온다면, 우리는더많은것을드러내기를꺼린다 ( 기꺼이한다 ). 이러한원칙을기억하는것이중요하다. 다른사람과처음교제할때확고한관계를형성하는방법이자신에관한가장사적인세부사항을드러내는것이라고여기는것은대개잘못된생각일것이다. 상황이독특하지않다면, 그런식으로여러분의마음을드러내는것은파트너가될가능성이있는사람들을더가까이다가오게하기보다는놀라게하여쫓아버릴가능성이있다. 30. Jack stopped the cycle of that his son Mark was developing. Mark could not stand to lose at games by the time he was eight years old. Jack was contributing to Mark s attitude by always letting him win at chess because he didn t like to see Mark get upset and cry. One day, Jack realized it was more important to allow Mark some experience with losing he started winning at least half the games. Mark was upset at first, but soon began to win and lose with more grace. Jack felt a had been reached one day when he was playing catch with Mark and threw a bad ball. Instead of getting upset about missing the ball, Mark was able to use his sense of humor and, Nice throw, Dad. Lousy catch, Mark. * milestone: 중대한시점 Jack 은자신의아들 Mark 가보이기시작한완벽주의의순환을멈추게했다. Mark 는 8 살이되자시합에서지는것을참지못했다. 그 (Jack) 는 Mark 가화가나서우는것을보고싶지않았기때문에 Mark 가체스시합에서항상이기게함으로써 Mark 의태도에일조하고있었다. 어느날, Jack 은 Mark 가패배를경험하게하는것이중요하다는것을깨달았고, 그래서그는최소한시합의절반은이기기시작했다. Mark 는처음에는화를냈지만, 더흔쾌히이기고지기시작했다. Jack 은자신이 Mark 와캐치볼경기를하다가공을잘못던졌던어느날중대한시점에이르렀음을느꼈다. 공을놓친것에대하여화를내는대신에, Mark 는자신의유머감각을사용할수있었고, 아빠는잘던졌어요. Mark 는엉망으로잡았어요. 라고말했다. 5 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

6 31. Most importantly, needs to be scarce in a predictable way. Precious metals have been desirable as money across the millennia not only because they have beauty but also because they exist in fixed quantities. Gold and silver enter society at the rate at which they are discovered and mined; additional metals cannot be produced, at least not cheaply. Commodities like rice and tobacco can be grown, but that still takes time and resources. A dictator like Zimbabwe s Robert Mugabe could not order the to produce 100 trillion tons of rice. He was able to produce and distribute trillions of new Zimbabwe dollars, which is why they eventually became more valuable as toilet paper than. * intrinsic: 내재적인 아주중요한것은돈이예측가능한방식으로희소성이있을필요가있다는것이다. 귀금속은내재적인아름다움을지니고있을뿐만아니라고정된양으로존재하기때문에수천년에걸쳐돈으로서바람직했다. 금과은은발견되고채굴되는속도로사회에유입되며, 추가적인귀금속은생산될수없고, 적어도싸게생산될수는없다. 쌀과담배와같은상품들은재배할수있지만, 그것은여전히시간과자원이든다. Zimbabwe의 Robert Mugabe와같은독재자도정부에 100조톤의쌀을생산하라고명령할수없었다. 그는수조의새로운 Zimbabwe 달러를만들어유통시킬수있었는데, 이것은결국그것이통화 ( 通貨 ) 보다휴지로서더가치가있게되었던이유이다. 32. In one experiment, children were told they could have one treat if they chose to eat it immediately, but two treats if they. Most of the children, who ranged in age from 4 to 8, chose to wait, but the strategies they used differed significantly. The 4 year olds often chose to look at the marshmallows while waiting, a strategy that was not terribly. In contrast, 6 and 8 year olds used language to help overcome temptation, although in different ways. The 6 year olds spoke and sang to themselves, themselves they would get more treats if they waited. The 8 year olds focused on aspects of the marshmallows to taste, such as appearance, which helped them to wait. In short, children used self talk to regulate their behavior. [3점] 한실험에서아이들은마시멜로과자를즉시먹는것을선택하면마시멜로과자하나를먹을수있지만, 기다리면두개를먹을수있다는말을들었다. 4 세에서 8 세에이르는아이대부분이기다리는것을선택했지만, 그들이사용한전략은상당히달랐다. 4 세아이들은기다리면서마시멜로를쳐다보는것을흔히선택했는데, 그전략은그다지효과적이진않았다. 그에반해서, 6 세와 8 세아이들은유혹을이겨내는데도움을얻기위해언어를사용했는데, 방법은서로달랐다. 6 세아이들은기다리면더많은과자를얻게될거라자신에게상기시키며, 혼잣말을하고노래를흥얼거렸다. 8 세아이들은겉모습과같은, 맛과관계없는마시멜로의측면들에집중했는데, 이것은그들이기다리는데도움을주었다. 요컨대, 아이들은자신의행동을통제하기위해 혼잣말 을사용했다. 6 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

7 33. The desire for fame has its roots in the experience of neglect. No one would want to be famous who hadn t also, somewhere in the past, been made to feel extremely. We sense the need for a great deal of admiring attention when we have been painfully exposed to earlier. Perhaps one s parents were hard to impress. They never noticed one much, they were so busy with other things, on other famous people, unable to have or express kind feelings, or just working too hard. There were no stories and one s school reports weren t the subject of praise and. That s why one dreams that one day the world will pay attention. When we re famous, our parents will have to us too. [3점] 명성에대한욕망은무시당한경험에그뿌리를두고있다. 과거어느시점에자신이대단히하찮은사람이라는느낌을또한겪어보지못했던사람은어느누구도유명해지고싶지않을것이다. 우리는더일찍이고통스럽게박탈감을겪게되었을때우리를대단하다고보는많은관심의필요를느낀다. 어쩌면어떤이의부모는감명시키기가어려웠을것이다. 그들 ( 부모 ) 은결코그에게많은주의를기울이지못했고, 다른유명한사람들에게집중하거나, 다정한감정을갖거나이를표현할수없었거나, 그저너무열심히일하며다른일로너무바빴다. 잠들기전에읽어주는이야기가없었고, 그의성적통지표는칭찬과감탄의대상이아니었다. 그러한이유때문에그는언젠가세상이관심을가져주기를꿈꾼다. 우리가유명하면, 우리의부모역시우리를대단하게볼수밖에없을것이다. 34. When the late Theodore Roosevelt came back from Africa, just after he left the White House in 1909, he made his first public at Madison Square Garden. Before he would agree to make the appearance, he carefully arranged for nearly one thousand paid applauders to be scattered throughout the audience to his entrance on the platform. For more than 15 minutes, these paid hand clappers made the place ring with their. The rest of the audience took up the suggestion and joined in for another quarter hour. The newspaper men present were literally swept off their feet by the applause given the American hero, and his name was emblazoned across the headlines of the newspapers in letters two inches high. Roosevelt understood and made intelligent use of personal. [3점] * emblazon: 선명히새기다 고 ( 故 ) Theodore Roosevelt 는 1909 년에백악관을떠난직후아프리카에서돌아왔을때 Madison Square Garden 에서대중에게처음으로모습을드러냈다. 모습을드러내는것에동의하기전에그는자신이연단에입장할때박수갈채를보내도록거의 1,000 명에달하는 돈을받은박수부대 를청중들사이에흩어져있도록세심하게준비했다. 돈을받은이박수부대들은 15 분이넘게그장소에자신들의열광이울려펴지게했다. 나머지청중도그유도에호응하여 15 분더그열광에동참했다. 참석한신문기자들은문자그대로그미국영웅 (Roosevelt) 에게보내는엄청난박수갈채에열광했고, 그의이름은각종신문의헤드라인에 2 인치높이의글자로선명히새겨졌다. Roosevelt 는개인홍보를이해하고영리하게활용했다. 7 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

8 35. In addition to temperatures when handling fresh produce, control of the atmosphere is important. Some moisture is needed in the air to prevent during storage, but too much moisture can encourage growth of molds. Some commercial storage units have controlled atmospheres, with the levels of both carbon dioxide and moisture being carefully. Sometimes other gases, such as ethylene gas, may be at controlled levels to help achieve optimal quality of bananas and other fresh produce. Related to the of gases and moisture is the need for some circulation of air among the stored foods. * dehydration: 탈수 ** controlled atmosphere: 저온저장과함께공기의농도를조절하는장치 36. Studies show that no one is born to be an entrepreneur and that everyone has the to become one. Whether someone does or doesn t is a function of environment, life experiences, and personal. However, there are personality traits and characteristics commonly with entrepreneurs.these traits are developed over time and evolve from an individual s social context. For example, people with parents who were self employed are more likely to become entrepreneurs. After a father s or mother s independence in the workplace, an individual is more likely to find independence appealing. Similarly, people who personally know an entrepreneur are more than as likely to be involved in starting a new firm as those with no entrepreneur acquaintances or role models. * entrepreneur: 기업가 신선한농산물을취급할때온도를관리하는것뿐만아니라공기의관리도중요하다. 저장하는동안탈수를막기위해공기중에약간의습기가필요하지만, 너무많은습기는곰팡이의증식을조장할수있다. 일부상업용저장시설은이산화탄소와습기양쪽모두의수준이세심하게조절되는 CA 시스템을갖추고있다. ( 살아있는생명체가숨을쉴때이산화탄소를방출하지만, 이산화탄소는오염물질로널리간주된다.) 바나나와다른신선한농산물의최적의품질을달성하는데도움이되도록때때로에틸렌가스와같은다른기체가통제된수준으로유입될수있다. 저장된식품들사이에약간의공기순환의필요성이기체와습기의관리와관련되어있다. 여러연구에서어느누구도기업가가되도록 타고난 것은아니며모든사람은기업가가될잠재력이있다는것을보여준다. (B) 어떤사람이기업가가되느냐되지않느냐하는것에는환경, 인생경험, 그리고개인적인선택이작용한다. 그러나기업가와흔히연관되어있는성격특성과특징이있다. (A) 이런특성은시간이경과하면서드러나고개인의사회적환경으로부터서서히발달한다. 예를들어, 자영업을하는부모를가진사람이기업가가될가능성이더높다. (C) 아버지나어머니가직장에서독립적으로일하는것을본뒤에, 개인은독립이매력적이라고생각할가능성이더높다. 마찬가지로, 개인적으로기업가를알고있는사람이기업가인지인이나롤모델이없는사람보다새로운회사를시작하는일에관여할가능성이두배가넘게높다. 8 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

9 37. According to the consulting firm McKinsey, knowledge workers spend up to 60 percent of their time looking for, responding to s, and collaborating with others. By using social technologies, those workers can become up to 25 percent more. The need for productivity gains through working harder and longer has a limit and a human toll. The solution is to enable people to work smarter, not just by saying it, but by putting tools and improved processes in place so that people can perform at enhanced levels. Think of it as the robot assisted human, given superpowers through the of technology. Our jobs become enriched by relying on robots to do the tedious while we work on increasingly more tasks. * illumination: 조도, 조명 컨설턴트회사 McKinsey 에따르면, 지식노동자는정보를찾고, 이메일에답장하며, 다른사람들과협력하는데자신들의시간중 60 퍼센트까지사용한다. (C) 사회공학적기술을이용함으로써, 그런노동자들은 25 퍼센트까지생산성이더높아질수있다. 더열심히그리고더오래일하는것을통한생산성증진의필요성에는한계가있고사람들의희생이따른다. (B) 해결책은사람들이향상된수준에서업무를할수있도록그냥말만함으로써가아니라스마트기기와개선된과정을가동함으로써사람들이더스마트하게일할수있게해주는것이다. (A) 그것을기술의도움으로막강한힘을부여받은, 로봇의도움을받는인간으로생각해보라. 우리가점점더정교한과업을수행하는동안, 지루한일을하는것은로봇에게의존함으로써우리의일은질이높아지게된다. 38. Two major kinds of age related changes occur in the eye. One is a decrease in the amount of light that passes through the eye, resulting in the need for more light to do tasks such as reading. As you might, this change is one reason why older adults do not see as well in the dark, which may account in part for their to go places at night. One possible logical response to the need for more light would be to increase levels in general. However, this solution does not work in all situations because we also become increasingly sensitive to glare. In addition, our ability to adjust to changes in illumination, called adaptation, declines. Going from outside into a darkened movie theater involves dark ; going back outside involves light adaptation. Research indicates that the time it takes for both types of adaptation increases with age. 나이와관련된주요한두종류의구조적변화가눈에서일어난다. 한가지는눈을통과하는빛의양의감소인데, 이것은독서와같은일을하기위해서는더많은빛이필요하게만든다. 여러분이추측할수있는것처럼, 이변화가노인들이어둠속에서그만큼잘보지못하는한가지이유인데, 그것이부분적으로는그들이밤에돌아다니기를꺼리는이유를설명해줄수있다. 더많은빛의필요성에대한한가지가능한논리적대응은전반적으로조도를늘리는것이다. 하지만이해결책은우리가또한점점환한빛에더민감해지기때문에모든상황에서효과가있는것은아니다. 게다가순응이라불리는, 조도의변화에적응하는우리의능력은쇠퇴한다. 외부에서캄캄해진영화관으로들어가는것은암 ( 暗 ) 순응과관련이있고, 외부로다시나가는것은명 ( 明 ) 순응과관련이있다. 연구는두가지유형모두순응에걸리는시간이나이가들면서증가한다는것을보여준다. 9 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

10 39. By acting on either natural or resources, through techniques, we alter them in various ways. Thus we create artifacts, which form an important aspect of. A clay pot is an example of a material artifact, which, although transformed by human activity, is not all that far removed from its natural state. A plastic cup, a lens, and a computer chip, on the other hand, are examples of artifacts that are far removed from the original states of the natural resources needed to create them. Artifacts can serve as resources in other processes. This is one of the important interaction effects within the technological system. In other words, each new technology increases the stock of tools and resources that can be employed by other technologies to produce new artifacts. 기술로천연자원이나인공자원에영향을줌으로써, 우리는그것들을다양한방식으로바꾼다. 이렇게하여우리는 가공품 을만들어내는데, 그것은기술의중요한한측면을형성한다. 점토항아리는재료가공품의한사례인데, 비록인간활동으로인해변형되었지만, 그것의천연상태에서그렇게까지멀리떨어진것은아니다. 반면에플라스틱컵, 콘택트렌즈, 그리고컴퓨터칩은그것을만드는데필요한천연자원의원상태에서멀리떨어진가공품의사례이다. 가공품은다른기술적과정에서자원의역할을할수있다. 이것은기술적시스템내에서의중요한상호작용효과중하나이다. 다시말해각각의새로운기술은새로운가공품을생산하기위해다른기술에의해쓰일수있는이용가능한도구와자원의축적을늘린다. 40. Despite all the talk of how weak are in the face of habits, it s worth that much of the time even our strong habits do follow our intentions. We are mostly doing what we intend to do, even though it s happening automatically. This probably goes for many habits: although we perform them without bringing the intention to, the habits still line up with our original intentions. Even better, our automatic, unconscious habits can keep us safe even when our conscious mind is distracted. We look both ways before the road despite thinking about a rather depressing holiday we took in Brazil, and we put oven gloves on before reaching into the oven despite being about whether the cabbage is overcooked. In both cases, our goal of keeping ourselves alive and unburnt is served by our automatic, unconscious habits. 습관앞에서의도가얼마나약한지에관한온갖말에도불구하고대부분의경우에심지어우리의강한습관조차도우리의의도를정말따른다는것은강조할만한가치가있다. 비록자동적으로일어나기는하지만, 대체로우리는우리가하고자의도하는것을하고있다. 이것은아마대부분의습관에있어서도마찬가지일것이다. 우리가의도를의식하지않은채그것 ( 습관 ) 을행하지만, 습관은여전히우리의본래의도와함께작용한다. 더좋은점은우리의의식하고있는마음이산만할때조차우리의자동적이고무의식적인습관이우리를안전하게지켜줄수있다는것이다. 브라질에서가졌던다소울적한휴일에관해생각하고있음에도불구하고, 우리는길을건너기전에양쪽을모두쳐다보고, 양배추가지나치게익었는지에관해몰두하고있음에도불구하고, 오븐안으로손을뻗기전에오븐용장갑을낀다. 두가지경우에서모두자신을살리고데이지않게하려는우리의목표가우리의자동적이고무의식적인습관에의해이행된다. 10 NGD 영어 ( 열매 3 단지 ) [ ]

2 min 응용 말하기 01 I set my alarm for 7. 02 It goes off. 03 It doesn t go off. 04 I sleep in. 05 I make my bed. 06 I brush my teeth. 07 I take a shower.

2 min 응용 말하기 01 I set my alarm for 7. 02 It goes off. 03 It doesn t go off. 04 I sleep in. 05 I make my bed. 06 I brush my teeth. 07 I take a shower. 스피킹 매트릭스 특별 체험판 정답 및 스크립트 30초 영어 말하기 INPUT DAY 01 p.10~12 3 min 집중 훈련 01 I * wake up * at 7. 02 I * eat * an apple. 03 I * go * to school. 04 I * put on * my shoes. 05 I * wash * my hands. 06 I * leave