u æ ] y QQ 미국등록특허를활용한한국기술경쟁력의역동성분석 * 엄익천 초록 ~ o pž z r m1hz 1XW&UDFNHUz z { r ~ Š ~ mz~ ~ &XPXODWLYH (IIHFW{ z /DJJHG (IIHFW ~ z ~ pn} ~m~ ~ ~ zn n *}

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1 u æ ] y QQ 미국등록특허를활용한한국기술경쟁력의역동성분석 * 엄익천 초록 ~ o pžz r m1hz 1XW&UDFNHUz z { r ~Š ~ mz~ ~ &XPXODWLYH (IIHFW{ z /DJJHG (IIHFW ~ z~ pn} ~m~ ~~ zn n *} ž f ~ p~ y { mn Š z ~ Šx p z n zzn r} a x n * ~ } f ~ pz zn} dn z dn } r dy~ r r~ mz z ~ rp p a f z n z ~ y } n mž p p 76~ dn r ~ ~z ~y } Š z} ~Š{ m } z f ~ dn} f ~ p} Š ~ ~ p r ~ p d{ z d~ 5 ' ~ ~n n z~ { Ž ~ } r z y p zn dn z z p ~ }lzzn x p 2(&' f rz ~ }n nx z ~ ~d p r Ž p zn Ÿ } ž po{ z z }~ y } r ~~ rl~d ~ r n lz 7) ~ r} l p rzo z} IO\VN\#NLVWHSUHNU

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3 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ n~ ~ z~ ~ z~ n} ~ ~ r} } p Ÿ~ p f p} z p z ~~ zn f ~ p~ y { z zn~ Š} ~ f p~ }m} ž} n p~ Ž } r p ~ ~ x p y z p z { z ~ z~ pn} n ~m ~~ rz dn} f ~ pz zn} mn Š z ~ Šx p z n zzn f p~ zn} dn ~ ~ } p~ ~ ~{ n z~ } } z~ dn} p z r} a x n * ~ } f ~ p} Œ} fdn z x n ~m :,32~ d,qwhuqdwlrqdo 3DWHQW &ODVVLILFDWLRQ,3& } ~ mz r ~Š m ~ f p Š z ~ dn} ~ p} } rl} ~ z } z~ z r z Ⅱ. 이론적논의와선행연구검토 1. 기술경쟁력의개념정의와의의 &RPSHWLWLYHQHVV~ y ~ ~n ~ on} 6LXGHN DQG =DZRMVND } dn}z z mz } d dnm} } mÿ ~ p } d } } } z f} d m f} n p} ~~ p} z~ z f ~ z} p Ÿ mm r Ÿ} z mm œ

4 u æ ] y } ~ r p} }zn œx m }~ p} } lz ~ ~} p~ ~ p ~ p} z dyznpžnz z~ n} œx zn ~ r~ z ~ p~ zz nz y rƒdn~ rn p~ dz*uxehu HW DO )DJHUEHUJ p} dn p r~ ~ r ~ z~ ~ p~ z Š { x p} mz } }zn mzdy ~ pš} p } Œ~ f n pd y Ž } m p ~$OEHUW HW DO o r p} yn { z ~ z} n zn} ~} dn ~z~ ~ 2. 기술경쟁력의주요분석방법 p} Ÿ! y dn~ ~ œ~} ~ n l p} ~ œ~} f } f r } p~ pp } p ~ n lz ~ ~ ~ p ~ ~ ~n Ÿ} p~ m } nd Ÿ r z f ~ ~ p r p ~ ~ Ÿ p~ mž f ~~ n z p~ p} m~ j x ~n~ d ~ ~$UFKLEXJL HW DO z~ o zo~ } ~ mm p }n } n p} p~ n p~ p z f ~ ~ n z dn~ rn~ p ~ dn} Ÿ} n p} ~ dn} y f ~ ~ rz dn~ ~ ~ } n dnz ~ ~ dn} ~ d p r n~ ~ m dn} z zn ~ ~ $UFKLEXJL ~ x z} mz Š zn } Ž x

5 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ { zn Š p dn } } œx p ~}z *ULOLFKHV 3RUWHU DQG 6WHUQ )XUPDQ HW DO n z~ dn~ œ ~m ~~ zn f p~ zn} dn z~ zz d ~ d ~ œ~ Ÿ dn ~ n l p p nd Ÿ n n p mž ~ mm p }n } n p~ m p Ÿ} n p Ÿ! p~ dn ~ z~ o ~ Ÿ! po{ f}f r} p~ pp f ~ ~ p r mž Ÿ~ }~n~ }n p y f ~ ~ rz dn n lz ~ ~ ~ p ~ ~ Ÿ p~ mž f ~~ n z p~ p} m~ j x ~n d n p~ p z f ~ ~ n z dn~ rn~ ~ ~ } n dnz 3. 기술경쟁력의선행연구검토와한계점 Ÿ! ~ p dnz y dn} z } r} m z }~ p dn }~ p x dd~ dn} p r~ x} p ~ n mzdy ~ Ž ~ y ry dy ~ n m dd~ Ž p y dy op~ } r~m r~m~ p z z~ ~ p ~} dn r ~ ~ Ž ~ } ~ } ~q +RPH DGYDQWDJH y $UFKLEXJL DQG 3LDQWD ~ z n ~~ Š } ~ ~ zn ~ ~ Š f}~ ~ dd} x} m ~~ dnzn } Š dn { p ~

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7 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ mz } n * f r{ ~dÿ mz ~ p~ } } a z m} mz r ~y ~ ~ } dn z dn } ~ ~ zn { yp p ~ r n Žn dnz a x mz rmz ~ ~ pš ~ ~ ~ n z} ~m ~~ rz dn} }~ p} dn z x} } fm ž d x ~ mz r ~Š m } m} n f p} mn dn z ~ z œx p ~ n zzn a x m} f p~ zn} dn ~ 1. 분석대상 Ⅲ. 연구방법 zzn yn y f p~ zn} œx ~ dn} } z } nzn ~ r~~ } } ~ ~ Ž ~ n z~ Ž~} ~ dn~ r,qirupdwlrq 'LVFORVXUH 6WDWHPHQW,'6 z~ ~ p } p~ Ž x dn z~ rš } ~ p r } z fœ } p ~ +DOO DQG 7UDMWHQEHUJ } z n } Ž r Ž ~~ ~ x ~ ~r~ ~ }l z ~ n mÿ z Ž y r ~ zn } } l y ~ } n} ~ ~ Ž ~ rl r r l~ p} m z n~ œ} r} d n Ž ~z ~ x ~ z z ~~ ~ m} zz ~ rn ~ Ž ~ Ž ~ rl~ rl r mz 86 Š 86 UHIHUHQFH{ f Š QRQSDWHQW UHIHUHQFH ~ ~ ~ p } dn } Œ~

8 u æ ] y n l ~ Ž o z dn rl rl~ Š~ ~ n~ ~ ˆˆ m ~ y z} pz ƒ rl ~ rlz m ~ } ~ x ~ Ž Š z Ž ~ m ~ Ž ~ p ~ d Ž Š n z ~ Ž } r y n~ z} Ž ~z } n Ž x m} dn z 2. 분석자료 ~~ n rn } } mÿ ~ 37077KH 3DWHQW 7HFKQRORJ\ 0RQLWRULQJ 7HDPzn Ÿ r ~ z ~ mz Ÿ! n ~ m :,32~ pd } r m ~Š~ ~ ~ ž ~ m} ~ ~ x m n ~.,:(( '% d ŽŽ n dn~ Ž z } 8QNQRZQ ~ ~~ o { ~~ o Ž n m~ z} mz~ ~n} },3& d dzn dd ž dn~} ŽŽ z ~ ~ ~ :,32 '% ~ z p z z~ p dnz *{ ~ dna ~ ~ ~ Œ ~ p ~ x mz~ Œ ~ ~ ~Š m Œ ~ p ~

9 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ :,32 pd,3& d ~Š7UDQVSRUW % % % %% %& %* %+ %- % r7hohfrppxqlfdwlrqv *& % : 6HPLFRQGXFWRUV +/ m %LRWHFKQRORJ\ ~ 6FKPRFK po{ Ÿ! mz~ pd &* &. &0 &1 &3 &4 &5 &6 QRW $. 3. 분석지표 ~ f ~ p} zn 57$ { ~ p &LWHV SHU 3DWHQW &33 z p3dwhqw,psdfw,qgh[ 3,, 76~ Ÿ dn z } 57$ { f z m} y pdyz p r } ~ dn Ÿ 57$ d ~ }z dž 57$ ~ z dnm~ z~ pdyz mz~ ~ p } n p~57$ ~} m z~ pdyz m} } ~ 57$ z m z~ pdyz ~ p ~m} ~ p pdyz ~ &33 z~ dnm~ ~ ~ p r z y ~ z } Œ z Ÿ ~ Ÿ ~ p n z~ p r ~ p rn~ m p ~ 3,, z~p rnz p } } l Ÿ ~ Ÿ ~ z ~ pp ~ ~ p ~} ~ ~m~ z p ~ } ~ ~ z z}~} 76 z~ p z} m } l Ÿ ~ Ÿ ~ Ÿ ~ { z p p p} } ~ zd œ p ~ +DOO HW DO } & 33 ƒ p z~ r~ ƒ } rƒ} r ~} m ~m ~ z œ n ~ p } { ~ } ~p p p} } p ~

10 u æ ] y ~ Ÿ p~ m z } Ÿ 3,, z py Ÿ ~ n p~ ~ y~ } p z p zz ~ Ÿ} p~ y } ž} p ~ ~~ ~ 57$ { 3,, } } Š ~ f ~ pz p} Ÿ ~ Š z p~ dn Ÿ mž Þ î ß á Î œ «š á Þ î ß (Pij i j ) œ á (nt t, Ci i ) œ œ á á œ œ (Ca a, Na a, Ct, Nt ) ~ á Z (PIIi i PII, Ni i ) 4. 분석기간 zzn dn~~ n rn ~ ~ p r } n a } n z } ~ r~z~ ~} Œ~ zlz~ zlz~ Ž z d ~ ~ p ~ r~z d d x z ~Œ p Œ z d n f ~ p} dn p z ~ } '% p ~ ~ r z n z~ dn } m} ~ p r } ~ ž p~

11 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ zzn dna p~ z n} œx ~ d n f ~ p} dn z Ⅳ. 분석결과 1. 기술경쟁력의총괄현황 1) 미국등록특허현황 ~ Ÿ! a Œ ~ ~ Š z ~ z ƒ ~ z ƒ} x} j x ~ } z ƒ z y n~~ ~y ~ mz } m ~ ~x} r~š m ~p~z ~ 57$ p } } z Ÿ! ~ Œ a } d ~ ~ f rp } p57$ r ~Š m ~ ~ ~n 2) 특허당피인용수 a f ~ z &33 m Ÿ! zn &33 z} ~ ~ x } } { ~ z ~ p} } ~ x mz m }

12 u æ ] y mz zn &33 ~ x } { r z} m ~ &33~x} r ~Š z n &33 ~ x ~} z ~y zn } &33 z } n * f r { mz zn &33 x f z r m ~ &33 o } ~Š ~ y Ÿ! * f ~ ~ pa } d r ~Š m r ~ ~ x ~ z ~ ~ ~n 3) 특허영향지수 a ~ 3,, mž Ÿ! zn ~~x} } ~ } x} ~ z ~ p~z } yx n * x 3,, rz p{ ~ p m~ f ~ n ~ 3,, ~ p z Œ ~ 3,, { p ~

13 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ z pa d r ~Š m r ~ ~ x ~ z ~ ~ ~n mz 3,, m } mz x } } ƒ mz~ dyzn ~ p z ~ ~ r ~Šzn ~m } z } p ~ x z} m ~ 3,, ~} mz ~ 3,, ~ x } mz ~Š { 3,, o } } z zn mz ~ x} r ~Š m ~ p~z 4) 기술력지수 ~ y Ÿ~ p{ Ÿ~ 3,, n f ~ 76 m a ~ x } x ~ ~ ~ p~z} } fm } Š z mz 76 m } zn ~z ~y } Š z} r} } m ~Š } } f n mz zn 76 fm }z zn mz ~ x } ~ f r rš,qqrydwlrq *DS ~ z

14 u æ ] y f ~ p pa } > mz@ ~ ~ ~n 2. 기술경쟁력의역동성분석결과 1) 미국등록특허현황 Ÿ! } f ~ z ƒ z n *} Ÿ! zn p ƒ } ƒ Žn } } a azn p~ ƒž~ z f x ~ z m p} a }zn a ~} fm ~z ~y } mr z

15 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ z ƒ} } d r z a a a a a a a ~ z ~ x z ~ z z z z z z z ~ ~ ~n z ƒ m Ÿ! zn } p z rz y ~m z ƒ ~ p ž} y ~ d y p ~ z ƒ z } { n *~ z ƒ}~ ~r n~} ~ a zn z ~ r n~} z a zn a } ƒ z} z ƒ} } n~ } 2) 특허당피인용수 Ÿ! } &33 Ž~ z Ÿ! m &33~ d ž z{fr ym} ~ } a &33 f a}~z} a d z ~y }

16 u æ ] y dm z a d ~~Š~ yy~f r p ~ ~ p dž z z ~ y n~ n~ ~y œx p ~ } &33 a } } a z n } ~ y ƒz f p ~m~ ~ Ÿ! f ~ ~ p a a a a a a a d r ~ ~ x ~ z ~ ~ ~n } 3) 특허영향지수 Ÿ! } f ~ 3,, z Ž~ z } Ÿ! 3,, a zn a } zn ƒ Žn~ j x ~r~z p p z o y ad a n Žn fm } 3,, o n} z

17 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ z p } a a a a a a a d r ~ ~ x ~ z ~ ~ ~n 4) 기술력지수 f ~ z 76 œx } Ÿ! dna ~ z Œ x~ } Š z } zn m dna zn 76 fm }z 76 œx a }zn az ~} y } dm z 76 Œ ~ a } a } mr z dna ~ z 76~ z ƒ mž Ÿ! } } zƒ z } Ž z m ~

18 u æ ] y Ÿ! f ~ p p } d a a a a a a a z ƒ} r ~ ~ x ~ z ~ ~ ~n 3. 전략산업별기술경쟁력의분석결과 1) 통신 ~ rz } m Ÿ! zn } ~ ~ p } o Žn } ad ~z ~y } ~ } }z r~ z ƒ}zn } } ƒ z } d n * f } zƒ ~z ~ mz} rz } ~ ~y œx p ~ d ~ z ƒ}~ m r Žn mz 57$ { &33 3,, 76 ~ mn Ž~ > } Š

19 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ r z ƒ} } d r z ~ z ~ x z ~ z z z z z z z a a a a a a a ~ ~ ~n p r~ 57$ m } r~ 57$ a z n a mr z} ~m} ~ mz} œxz zn ~m} z ~ x ~} r~ ~ mz~ xz ~ ~ ~m} mr ~ z ~ y Žn ~m r~ mz~ xz } dna ~ 57$ mz} œxz} 57$ a zn a mr z ~z 57$ Š a zn a ž Žoz r~ &33 ~

20 u æ ] y a zn }z} a ~} } Š z} ~ d } } ~ y n~ n~ ~y r~ 3,, ~zn ~m~ } } z } a } zn a } m p} mr z ~ zn p} r~ ~ } r~ 3,, z m p} a }zn a } z r~ 76 ~ a }zn a d }z a ~ ~} } Š z 2) 반도체 ~ ~ a zn az x ~ ~ x Žn } az ~ z n az ~ } z } ~ a d ~z~y } ~ r~} Ž} œxz z ƒ m } d f r m} } zƒ z ~ r ~ mz} z } ~ ~y rl

21 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ z ƒ} } d r z ~ z ~ x z ~ z z z z z z z ~ ~ ~n a a a a a a a p ~ 57$ m ~~ mz} ~ mz~z} ~ a d ~m} ~ } 57$ } z } a ~ 57$ ~ d o n a ~ d ~ mz~ xz { ~ r z ~ x ~ 57$ zn ~ ~ z 57$ ~Š a zn a Žo Žn ~

22 u æ ] y &33 ~ a }zn a } a } r mr Žn } a } { zn } Š z z zn } ~ p ~ y zn p z ~ 3,, m } zn a zn a mr z } p n~ mžz } zn a} }z a }zn a } mr Žnz ~ 76 ~ a }zn a d ~z ~y } Š z} p} ~ } Žn ~ } }z} ~ } a mr z 3) 자동차 } ~Šzn ~ ~ a zn a o Žnz a ~ }~ ~ ~ ~ p} } a ~ p a ~ ~z ~y } Š z ~Š~ z ƒ m } n * f ~ d m } z ƒ z a zn } { ~Š~ z ƒ}~ ~r n~} z ~ a z ƒ} o Œ ~Š r~~ ~ ~ %LJ ~ *0 ~r ž~š }z r~ r ~ %LJ l o Š{ zf~šz o ~ Ÿ} ~ z } }~ mr of~ o Š{ ~fz } r Œ ~ } ~ y } pz zz } n ~ z ~~ x~ z z ~ ~ z ~ œx~ ~ ~ r f y ~

23 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ ~Š z ƒ} } d r z ~ z ~ x z ~ z z z z z z z a a a a a a a ~ ~ ~n p ~Š~ 57$ m ~ r { zn57$ ~m} ~} 57$ a zn mr z az } ~~ mz} œxz ~} a zn a } a m r Žn } ~Š l ~}z d 57$ a zn a ~ mz~ xz

24 u æ ] y ~Š~ &33 ~ a }zn a } } ~ } m ~ n ~ y n~z d p } ~ pzn o } z y n~z f n~~ z } a }zn a } mr z ~Š~ 3,, ~ dna ~ z Œ } } ~ d 3,, } } a } zn a } mr z ~ Š~ 76 zn ~ } Š z } a }zn a } } a zn r{ } mr z a zn a }z} a } mr z 4) 생명공학 } a m zn ~ ~ ~ }m} Š z } ~ ~ a zn a mr z} a zn ~ ~z ~y } Š z m ~ z ƒ dd~ zn } mr Žnz a zn ~ ~ x ~r n~} z a d r p ~ z a zn ~Šz ~ 57$ p } }z ~ ~ m} ~ { r~~ Ž z ~~{ m z ~ p~n} r ~ n ~~ pÿ~ g ~ m} œx/dzuhqfh

25 Åx ³ x æs± úžß ÏÞ Ÿ! f ~ m z ƒ} } d r z ~ z ~ x z ~ z z z z z z z a a a a a a a ~ ~ ~n p m ~ 57$ m } a zn a } mr z m ~ ~ mz} œxz z r a ~ d ~m~ } ~ m ~ mz} ~ } dna ~ zn ~ mz~ xz } a zn a mr z ~ mz} dm n~ ~ rl m ~ &33 dna ~

26 u æ ] y zn z ~ a} x Š z } ~ zn n * f r &33 ~ x ƒ ~ y n~z d n~ ~y } ~ m ~ 3,, ~ dna ~ ~m} } p mžz r 3,, a zn a Žnz} ~ n x} m ~ 76 ~ dn a ~ zn } } zn a} } } Š z} ~} zn } } z ~ ~ 76 Š o} } z 4. 분석결과의종합과논의 dn } ~ p} } rl } ~ } ~ ~ } } zd x Š ~ p r ~} p n Ž ~ Ÿ zn! r } n *} Ž n ~ p Š Žo r 1HZ 1XW&UDFNHU m z g ~} j x f p r~ ~ ~~ d~ r~ n~ o} }z ~Š~ 3,, ~ ~ } y n z} ~ p dnzn r o 57$ ~Š a zn a Žon ~ ~ x ~z p ~ x~ ~ z xx r Š d ~d Šz p zz~ z Š ~ x Š d~ d Š zn ~ ~ ~ r m} ~ },0) } r ~ p f o z ~ ~ m } g m xrz ~~ z{ z ~ pž~ o ~y m} ~ o ~ 57$ Š Žo } r~~ m } œx p ~ ~ ~x n mm} z yn d z } ~z~ '5$0 r~~ dd} Š ym} z Œz ~ mn 6. ~r~ r~ ~ mr n ~~ r~ ~ z 3ODW]HU DQG 6DUJHQW -U mz~ n~} d~ ~ m z }n Š zz ~ z ~} onp mzž } p ~ zn mm Ÿ} Ž r yrš Ÿ n m ~ } m ~ }

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