전력량계 기술기준 일부개정(안).hwp

Transcription

1 - 2 -

2 1-2 ( ) 1.,,. 4., ( ) 1. (scope),,,. 4.5 (type), , H , 0.5,

3 ( ) ( ). 3., 1-1 H CT(Current Transformer), CT. 5. (construction requirements) 1-1,,. a). b) ( ).,. c). (). d). e). 6. (meter marking) ( ) (sinφ) , , 5.5 (). 7.6 (limits of error due to the variation of the current) (sinφ) , CT CT, I. 3. I. I.1 I

4 a) CT a".( 1. ) b). c). d). e) CT b". f). g). h). i) I.2 CT I. 1, c ~ e e)~h). I.1.2 CT I. 1. CT I.2 (spilit, openable) CT (spilit, openable) CT. I.2.1 a),. 3 ( ) , , 2 9.2,.. ( ) b) CT a".( I. 14. ) c).. d). e). e) a) ~ e) 5 3 ( ) 4. (1) , 3 4, (2) (1) (3).. 1) 2) 3) 4)

5 ( ) 5) 6) 7) (3) (1-3 ) 1) ) ) ) 12.6 ( ) 1. ( 1 ) ( ) ,, ,, (2) CT Shunt, CT CT (LCD ),

6 ( ) (, ), (scope) 60 Hz. () (),,.. a) : 600 V (, ) b) : 500 V c) d) e) 2. (normative references).. ( ). KS B 1021 KS B 1055 KS C 0905 KS C 1201 KS C 1203 KS C 1208 KS C 1602 KS C 1707 ( ) KS C

7 KS C CISPR 22 KS C IEC : KS C IEC : KS C IEC : - A : KS C IEC : - B : KS C IEC ( )- KS C IEC : - Fc : () KS C IEC : - Ka : KS C IEC : - Ea : KS C IEC : - Db : (12 h+12 h ) KS C IEC : - Eh : KS C IEC KS C IEC KS C IEC /750V -3 : KS C IEC : KS C IEC KS C IEC ( 2) KS C IEC (IP ) KS C IEC KS C IEC (EMC)-4 : - 2: KS C IEC (EMC)-4 : - 3: KS C IEC (EMC)-4 : - 4: KS C IEC ()- -11: KS C IEC (0.5, 1 2) KS C IEC (1 2) KS C IEC ( ) KS C IEC ()- -23 : (2 3) KS C IEC (a.c.)- -31 : (2) KS C IEC ()- -61 : KS M ISO : IEC IEC standard voltages IEC , International Electrotechnical Vocabulary(IEV) - Electrical and electronic measurements and measuring instruments -Chapter 311:General terms relating to measurements -Chapter 312:General terms relating to electrical measurements -Chapter 313:Types of electrical measuring instruments -Chapter 314:Specific terms according to the type of instrument IEC Current transformers IEC Expression of the performance of electrical and electronic measuring equipment IEC DM-12M Graphical symbols for use on equipment-12- Month subscription to online database comprising all graphical symbols published in IEC IEC Fire hazard testing-part 2:Test methods-glow-wire test methods IEC Classification of environmental conditions-part 3 : classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities-section 3 : Stationary use at weather-protected locations IEC Electricity metering equipment(a.c.)-particular requirements-part 24 : Static meters for reactive energy at fundamental frequency (classes 0.5 S, 1 S and 1) IEC /Ed.2(FDIS) Electricity metering equipment - General requirements, tests and test conditions-part 11 : Metering equipment 3. (terms and definitions) KS C (general definitions) (electromechanical meter) ( ) (static meter), ()

8 3.1.3 (watt-hour meter, active energy meter) (var-hour meter, reactive energy meter) (multi-energy meter) (,, ) (multi-function meter),,,,,,, c) d) ( ),.., ( ) (active power), (p) (T) SI (Watt) (multi-rate meter) (directly connected meter) (, ), (transformer operated meter) (bi-directional meter) 1., (reference standard reference meter) (meter type), a) b) (var) (), (var-hour) , sinφ (direct current) (direct current system, d.c. system) (d.c. power)

9 3.2 (definitions related to the functional elements) (measuring element) (test output) (operation indicator) (pulse) (optical test output) (electrical test output) (receiving head scanning head) (memory) (non-volatile memory),, HMI (register) (current circuit) (voltage circuit) (auxiliary supply) (auxiliary device) (, ),, (, ) (meter constant) ( )., kwh (pulse/kwh) Wh(Wh/pulse) (indicating display) (integrated indicating display) (detached indicating display),, 3.3 (definitions of meter ports) (port) (enclosure port), (mains port)

10 , (current transformer port) (auxiliary power supply port) 3.4 (definitions of mechanical elements) (indoor) (installation seal) (terminal), (Test Finger) (outdoor) (Protective earth terminal) (base), (socket) (cover)., (case) (terminal block) (terminal cover), (metrology seal) (clearance) (creepage distance) 3.5 (definitions related to measurements) (I st) (I b) (I n) (I max) (U n)

11 3.5.6 (f n) (specified measuring range). [%]. [%] = - ( ) (total harmonic distortion factor). % (accuracy class index) 1 ( ) KS C I b I max 0.05 I b I max (percentage error). 백분율오차 계기에표시된전력량 참전력량참전력량,. 3.6 (definitions related to external influences) (influence quantity) (disturbance) (reference temperature) (mean temperature coefficient) (rated operating conditions) (specified operating range) (extended operating range) (limit range of operation) (critical change value), (storage and transport conditions) max X : kwh m : U n : I max : (variation of error due to an influence quantity) (normal working position) (thermal stability)

12 (reference conditions), 4. (standard electrical values) 4.1 (standard voltages) (electromagnetic disturbance) 3.7 (definitions related to insulation) (basic insulation) (supplementary insulation) (double insulation) (reinforced insulation) "",. V , , 110, , 48, 60, 100, 110, 200, 220, 400 X V 1., 33, X V U n ~ 1.1 U n 0.8 U n ~ 1.15 U n Ⅰ (insulating encased meter of protective classⅠ),. 0.0 U n ~ 1.9 U n Ⅱ (insulating encased meter of protective classⅡ),

13 4.2 (standard current) 13 A (I b) (I n) 5 (I b) (I n) X 1. (I max) (I b). (, IV 4) 2. (I max) (I n) (I max) 120 A (I max) (I n) (1.2/1.5/2) ,.( ) KS C IEC , 10 VA. 4.3 (standard frequency) 14 f n = 60 Hz (power consumption in current circuits), (, 2 ), (f n ± 2 %) 58.8 Hz ~ 61.2 Hz 4.4 (power consumption) 7.1. ±5 % (power consumption in voltage circuits), %, 150 % 200 %. 2.,

14 .( ) 3. KS C IEC (construction requirements) 5.1 (general) a) ,, b). c). d). KS C (mechanical tests) (shock test) a) 7. b), KS C : 500 m/s 2 - : 2 ( ) (vibration test) a) KS C IEC , 8. b), (spring hammer test) ) 18 - : 16.7 Hz - - : : 10 Hz 150 Hz - : 60 Hz - f<60 Hz : mm - f>60 Hz : 9.8 m/s 2 (1 G) - a). - : 10 (10 = 75) b). (KS C IEC c), ( ) 0.2 J ± 0.02 J. d). e),. - KS C IEC : 300 m/s 2 (30 G) - : 18 ms 5.3 (window) a),. b)

15 . 5.4,, (terminal terminal block(s) - protective earth terminal) a).,. b) KS M ISO 75-2 A MPa. c). d).. e). f). g). h)... i). j) ( ) ( 6 mm2, 16 mm2.) - IEC DM-12M () k), (meter case) a),. b),. c) 250 V. d)., (terminal cover) a). b),,. c) (display of measured values) (general) a) kwh, kvarh, kvah MWh, Mvarh, MVAh. b). c),. d) 0 9. e). f)., 5. g), 10, 10.. h) ,,. i)

16 5.6.2 (detached indicating display) a). b),. c).. d),.,,. "error" "n/a",. 5.7 (storage of measured values), (outputs).. 1/ , ,. 1. KS C IEC , (mechanical electrical characteristics). 2.5 khz.. D. 2. ( ). 20 s.( D. 2 )... () lx( ). D s (t r 0.2 s) (optical characteristics) ( ) nm. a 1=(10±1) mm ( ) E T. On :50 μw / cm2 E T μw / cm2 Off :E T 2 μw / cm2 D (meter marking) 6.1 (name-plates),. a) ( ) b) c) ( ) d) (. : 1 ø 2 W, 3 ø 4 W ) e) f) (V) g) (Hz) h), i) ( ), ( 0.5) j) ( : Wh/pulse,, pulse/kwh., rev/kwh) k) 23 ( ) l) 2 ( : ) m) n) o) (, ) p) (, ) q) "" r) 33 s) ,,

17 ( ) ± ) ± ) ± 1.0 %.. 3. KS C (connection diagrams and terminal marking)., (metrological performance requirements and tests) 7.1 (general test conditions) 9. L1-L2 -L3. 19 ±0.3 % ±0. 5 % - - ±0.3 % ±0.5 % (, ), 30 khz 2 GHz, 150 khz 80 MHz. (0). (0). (0).. (0) % % - 2 % %. ± 0.1 % ± 0.2 % ± 0.3 % ± 0.1 % ± 0.2 % ± 0.3 % 0.05 mt. 3) < 1 V/m - < 1 V

18 ),. 2) (, 0.5.) (, ) a), b) ( ) 3) a).. (external field) (phase) I b()/0.05 I n( ) I b()/0.1 I n( ). b) 3 3, 1, 0.1 I b()/0.05 I n( ) 120 ( ) (meter constant)., 1,, 1., 110 %, 115 %. t. [ ] max 20 [min] [min] - 0.5, 1.0 max [min] max [min] max, k : (pulse/kwh) m : U n : I max : (starting current test).(.),,. 7.3 (initial start-up of the meter) 5.. a). (,.) b) I max. c) t 0=0 ( ) 1( 0). d), t final. e) t start = t 0 + t final (test of no-load condition) (limits of error due to the variation of the current).,,. 7.7 (limits of error due to influence quantities),,

19 8. (climatic requirements) 8.1 (general),.,. 8.2,. 22 < 75 % % 1) 85 % 1. 30, 2. A (temperature and relative humidity ranges) (temperature ranges) IEC [m) p) ] 11., (class 3K5 mod.) (class 3K6) (class 3K8H) (class 3K6) (class 3K7) (class 3K7) 1.,., class 3K7. 2. (class 3K7), 6. 3., (relative humidity ranges) (tests of the effect of the climatic environments) (general test requirements),.,, (dry heat test) KS C IEC ,. a). b) : + 70 ± 2 c) : 72 h (cold test) KS C IEC ,. a). b) : - 25 ± 3-40 ± 3 c) : 72 h 16 h (damp heat cyclic test) KS C IEC ,. a). b). c) : 1 d) : + 40 ± ± 2 e)

20 f) : g) 12.3, h) (protection against solar radiation) KS C IEC ,. a). b). c) : A (8, 16 ) d) : + 55 e) : 3 3,,,.. 9. (the effects of external influences) 9.1 (general) a), b) EMC,. c),. d),,. e). f) (:, I/O ). g). c),. d) (voltage dips and short interruptions) a). 2,. b), (open). x kwh, x kwh. x. m : U n : (V) I max : (A) x = 10-6 m U n I max kwh. (cycles) (cycles) % % % B. 9.2 (electromagnetic compatibility : EMC) (general) a). b),

21 24 (s) (s) % % % % % % (electrostatic discharges) KS C IEC ,. a). b). c). : (). d) e) : 8 kv f) : 10 ( ), 15 kv. x, x. x (electromagnetic RF fields) (test without current) KS C IEC ,. a). b) : 1 m (,, 1 m.) c). :. :. d) : 80 MHz MHz ; e) 1 khz 80 % AM. f) : 30 V/m () x, x. x E (test with current) KS C IEC ,. a). b) : 1 m (,, 1 m.) c). :. :,. :, cosφ sinφ. d) : 80 MHz MHz e) 1 khz 80 % AM. f) : 10 V/m () E. 1., (fast transient burst test) KS C IEC ,. a). b). :. ( 1,.) :,. :, cosφ sinφ. c) ( )

22 : : ( ) : ( ) d) : 4 kv e) 40 V : 2 kv f) :, 60 g) : 1 m, (conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields) KS C IEC a). b). :. :,. :, cosφ sinφ. c) :150 khz 80 MHz d) :10 V,. x, x. x (repetitive damped oscillatory waves) KS C IEC a),. b). c). :. ( 1,.) :,. :, cosφ sinφ. d) 40 V : :2.5 kv : :1.0 kv e) : 100 khz :40 Hz : 1 MHz :400 Hz f) :60( 2 on, 2 off 15 ), (surge) KS C IEC a). :. ( 1,.) :. b) :1 m c).(.) d) : ()- 4 kv, 2 Ω : 40 V - 1 kv, 42 Ω e) : 5 5 1, (external static magnetic fields), G.. a) b) c), AT(-),

23 (power frequency magnetic fields of external origin) 0.5 mt.. a) b) c) 0.5 mt, 1 m,, 400 AT (radio interference suppression) ( ) 19( ) (tests of immunity to non-electromagnetic influence quantities) (general).. a). b), 7.1. c), (harmonics in the current and voltage circuits) (general) -.,., (harmonics in the current and voltage circuits - 5 th harmonic test). a) : I 1 = 0.5 I max b) : U 1 = U n c) : 1 d) 5 : U 5 = U n 10 % e) 5 : I 5 = 40 % f) : 1 g) 0. 5 P 5 = 0.1 U I 1 = 0.04 P 1 = 1.04 P 1 ( + ) (sub-harmonics in the current burst fired waveform test) F. 4, F. 7. F. 7. F Hz, (odd harmonics in the current circuit 90 degree phase fired waveform test) F. 4, F. 5. F. 5. F Hz, DC (d.c. and even harmonics half-wave rectified waveform test) DC F. 1, F. 2. F. 2.,

24 F Hz, (voltage variation) (nominal voltage variation), -10 % +10 %. -20 % -10 % +10 % +15 % U n + 10 % % (auxiliary voltage variation) -15 % +15 %., (short-time overcurrents),..,.,,...( 1 ) a) 1/2 30 I max, 0 ~ - 10 %. b) I max, 0 ~ - 10 % (ambient temperature variation) (frequency variation) -2 %, +2 % (reversed phase sequence) (operation of auxiliary devices) (, ),.,,, (self-heating),. a), 1. b) 1.. c) 1, ( : cosφ = 0.5(), : sinφ = 0.5( )) : 1 m, 1.5 mm 2 ~ 2.5 mm , 2.0, 3.0 : 1 m, 3.2 A/mm 2 ~ 4 A/mm (earth fault) 3 4 Y ( 10 %,

25 1.9 ). a) b), c) I n 50 % 1. d). e) C (limits of error due to variation of the current for polyphase meters carrying a single-phase load, but with balanced polyphase voltages applied) ,.,, , 1..,.. 3. a).( ) b) c), (type test),,. a),. b),,. c). d) (, I/O ). e)., 1.,,. 10. (requirements for software controlled measuring instruments) 10.1,.. 1. (ver X.Y.Z : X, Y, Z ) 2. (ver X : X ) 12. (electrical safety requirements) 12.1 (clearance and creepage distances) a) 40 V b), 40 V a) b). - I : 15 - II :

26 40 V 15., V V I V V mm mm II mm mm Ⅱ (insulating encased meter of protective classⅡ) a),,,. b) (KS C IEC ).,,,,,,,. c) (insulation) , (general test condition) a),. b) KS C IEC ,,. c).,. d). -. -,. 2 cm. e). f),. g), 40 V. h),. i) % 75 % - 86 kpa 106 kpa j) (impulse voltage test) a). - : KS C IEC /

27 - : ± 30 % - : ± 20 % - : 500 Ω ± 50 Ω - : 0.5 J ± 0.05 J - : : 0 ~ 10 % b) (impulse voltage tests for circuits and between the circuits) a) ( ).. b).. c), ( ).. d) ( ). e)... f), 40 V (impulse voltage test of electric circuits relative to earth) a) 40 V, 40 V. b) (AC voltage test) a) Hz, VA. b) 40 V. c),. A B I II (insulation resistance) 27 () 2 kv 2 kv 4 kv 2 kv - a), 40 V b) a), 40 V b). c) KS C IEC ,, 500 V. 5 MΩ (heating)

28 . (I max), K( 40 ).,, (resistance to heat and fire) a),,. b) IEC ,. - : 960 ± 15 - : 650 ± 10 - : 30 s ± 1 s c) (protection against penetration of dust and water) a) IEC : IP51,. - : IP54 b) IEC 60529, (protection against penetration of dust) a). b) (.),. c),. (.) - : 5 (IP 5X) d), (protection against penetration of water) a). b) : 1 (IPX1) 4 (IPX4),

29 (scope) 1-1, 55 Hz 65 Hz 0.5, ,. (, ) 600 V ( ). 2. (normative references) (terms and definitions) (standard electric values and type) 4.1 (standard voltages) (standard current) (standard frequency) (power consumption) (type), ,,, ( ). 1., 2, 220 V, 40(10) A, 60 Hz 2., 3 3, 220 V, 40(10) A, 60 Hz 3.,, 2, 220 V, 40(10) A, 60 Hz 5. (construction requirements) 5.1 (general) (mechanical tests) (shock test)., (vibration test)., 2. 2 A % I b I b I I max 0.1 I b I I max I b I max I I max 0.2 I b I I max () (window)

30 5.4,, (terminal terminal block(s) - protective earth terminal). 5.5 (meter case). 4 A % I max I b (display of measured values). 5.7 (storage of measured values). 5.8 (outputs). 5.9 (influence of slope) 3,, 3. A 3 % I b I b I max (test method of durability) a) b) , (size).,. a) 1 2, 3, A 40 A A 40 A A : mm 40 A A B C (noise) 1 1 m. 30 db (durability) a) , 500. b)

31 A 40 A A 40 A A : mm 40 A A A' B ( 3 3 3, ) C ( 2, ) 3 (34, )

32 4 ( ). 40 A 8 40 A 120 A 120 A D d M4 0.7 M6 M8 M3 : mm 5 b) 40 A : mm e) D 134~160 - Q 5.5( 1 ) 5.5( 2 ) 5 5 P () () S () () X () () G - H - 12 H 1 ~ H 7 - () ( 1 ) KS B 1055 M5.1 KS B 1021 M4.5. 2S, 2L 11.5 () 1S 2S 2L 1L 17.5 () f) c) 120 A 11 mm. d) 5 8., (KS C IEC )

33 1 A () 9 B C D E D+E F G H I (2~ ) (5~ ) ( ). 2.8~3 M4 (2~2. 2) : mm (initial start-up of the meter). 7.4 (test of no-load condition) (starting current test) (meter marking) 1-1.,. a) 1 kwh () b) 1 kwh c) " " d) e) ( ) f) ( ). 1 kwh : rev/kwh 1 kwh : pulse/kwh 7. (metrological performance requirements and tests) KS C 1203,, ( ) A, 2 ( ) KS C (general test conditions) (meter constant) % 0.5 % 0.7 % % 0.5 % 0.7 % 7.6 (limits of error due to the variation of the current) A % I b 1 ± 1.0 ± 1.5 ± I b I I max 1 ± 0.5 ± 1.0 ± I b I b I I max I b I I b ± 1.3 ± 1.3 ± 0.8 ± 0.8 ± 2.5 ± 1.5 ± 1.5 ± 1.5 ± 1.0 ± 1.0 ± 3.5 ± 2.5 ± ± (limits of error due to influence quantities)

34 (climatic requirements) KS C (the effect of external influences) 9.1 (general) (electromagnetic compatibility : EMC) (general) (voltage dips and short interruptions) (electrostatic discharges) (electromagnetic RF fields) (fast transient burst test) (conducted disturbances induced by radio-frequency fields) (surge) (repetitive damped oscillatory waves) (power frequency magnetic fields of external origin) 1-1., 1 (I b), A % mt I b (radio interference suppression) (Tests of immunity to non-electromagnetic influence quantities) (general) (harmonics in the current and voltage circuits) (general) (harmonics in the current and voltage circuits 3 th harmonic test) 1 10 % 3, , (, ) (external static magnetic fields)

35 13-3 % 3 A % I b % (sub-harmonics in the current burst fired waveform test)., % ~ () ~ ~ () (odd harmonics in the current circuit 90 degree ~ () 1.0 phase fired waveform test) DC (d.c. and even harmonics half-wave rectified waveform test). 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ () () () (nominal voltage variation) 1-1., ± 10 % 14. A ± 10 % 14 % I b I max I max 0.5 () (frequency variation) 1-1., ± 5 % A % I b ± 5 % 0.5 I max I max (ambient temperature variation) () (reversed phase sequence)

36 A 0.5 I b I I max () 0.5 I b () 17 % (self-heating) 0.5 4, 1.0 2, (),. 1, % (operation of auxiliary devices) (overcurrents) 1, 1 (I b) 18., 1. (I max ) ( ) 40 A 40 A 1 18 (min) 2 (s) % A I b I b A I n (I max) (I n). A % I max 0.5() (earth fault) (limits of error due to variation of the current for polyphase meters carrying a single-phase load, but with balanced polyphase voltages applied) , 20. A % I b I I b 1 ± 1.5 ± 2.0 ± 3.0 I b < I I max ± I b 0.5 () I b 0.5 () 20 ± 1.5 ± ± 1.5 ± 2.0 ±

37 I b, 1 0.5, %, 1.5 % 2.5 % (influence of measuring devices) ( ) 10 %..,. 20. A % I b , (.) A (requirements for software controlled measuring instruments). 11. (type test) 11.1 (test procedure, items),. 22 A (5)

38 Ⅱ (insulating encased meter of protective classⅡ) (KS C ) , A.( ) B (8) 3 C (3) 12.3 (insulation) (general test condition) (impulse voltage test). a) : (1.2 50) μs, : V b) 8 ( ) 10., ~ 4 5(A), 5 8(B), 6 3(C)., A , ( ), (sample size and criteria) (n) A C() Re() (electrical safety requirements) 12.1 (clearance and creepage distances)

39 (AC voltage test) Hz 1, ,. 2. (, ). [KS C 1602 T] 0.32 mm S - 2L (2S - 2L ) (.) ( 1 ) (.) ( 1 ) V 600 V 12.5 (resistance to heat and fire) (protection against penetration of dust and water) (insulation resistance),, 500 V, 5 MΩ (heating)., 110 %, 2., 25., KS C IEC /750 V ( 1 m, 3.2 A/ mm2 4.0 A/ mm2 )

40 A.1 A., ( ) A., (.).,. A.2 A. KS C a) 2 1,. b). c),. A.3 A. 1. kw pules/kwh /kwh A.4 A.4.1 A / /10 1 A A a), A.5.2,,. A A b), 1. A A c),,. A A d), A A A e), A A A f),. A A A g), A A.4.2 A A a), A A A b), A A A c), A A.4.3 A A a), 5 MΩ. A A b)

41 A A c),,. A.4.4 A.6.2.4, A A.5. A.5.1. A.5.5,, A. 3 A. 1., 120 A. ( mm ) P 3 H 1, H 2 A. 3 ( 1 ). 9.5 ( 1 ) A.5.2,,,,,,,,. A.5.3 a). b) CA, CB C0, C1, C2( 1 2.) 2, 1 3 1, 2., A.5.4. a) A. 2. b),. A. 2 C A, B 1, 2,

42 c) I b. d) 80 % 110 % 1. e) f) , 0.5. g) % A a) 5.3. b) c) A a), 500 V. b), 60 Hz V 1., 40 V 500 V. c). - : μs : V - KS C 1208 A.2 ( ) 1. A

43 (scope) 1-1, 60 Hz 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 60 Hz 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0.,,, KS C IEC ( ) I n ( ) I n (0.05 2) I n, ( ) I n (), , ( ) I n. 2. (normative references) (terms and definitions) (standard electrical values and type) 4.1 (standard voltages) (standard current) (standard frequency) (power consumption) 4.5 (type), , 0.5, , 1-1 H CT(Current Transformer), CT. 5. (construction requirements) 1-1,,. a). b) ( ).,. c). (). d). e). 6. (meter marking)

44 , 5.5 (). 7. (metrological performance requirements and tests) 7.1 (general test conditions) (meter constant) (initial start-up of the meter) (test of no-load condition) (starting current test) 1-1, 2. (cosφ ) (sinφ ) I b I b I n I n I n I n 1 1. (sinφ) (limits of error due to the variation of the current) I b I b 0.01 I b I n I n I n I n 3. A % (cosφ) I max I n I < 0.02 I n 1 ±0.4 ± I b I < 0.02 I n I < 0.1 I b 0.05 I n 1 ±0.4 ±1.0 ±1.5 ± I n I I max 1 ±0.2 ±0.5 ±1.0 ± ( 0.02 I n I < ) ±0.5 ± I n 0.8( ±0.5 ±1.0 ) 0.1 I b I I max 0.1 I b I < 0.2 I b 0.05 I n I < 0.1 I n 0.2 I b I I max 0.2 I b I I b 0.1 I n I I max 0.1 I n I I max 0.1 I n I I n 0.5( ) 0.8( ) 0.5( ) 0.8( ) 0.25( ) 0.5( ) 0.25( ) 0.5( ) (sinφ) ±0.5 ±0.5 ±0.3 ±0.3 ±0.5 ±0.5 ±1.0 ±1.0 ±0.6 ±0.6 ±1.0 ±1.0 ±1.5 ±1.5 ±1.0 ±1.0 ±3.5 ±2.5 ±2.5 ± I n I < 0.02 I n 1 ±1.0 ± I I < 0.02 I I < b 0.1 I b n 0.05 I n 1 ±1.0 ±1.5 ±2.5 ± I b I 0.05 I n I I max I max 1 ±0.5 ±1.0 ±2.0 ± I b I < 0.05 I n I < 0.2 I b 0.1 I n 0.5 ±1.0 ±1.5 ±2.5 ± I b I I max 0.1 I n I ±0.5 ±1.0 ±1.0 ±2.0 ±2.0 ±2.5 ±3.0 ±4.0

45 1. 2. (sinφ) , CT CT, I (limits of error due to influence quantities) 1-1, ( ) % A 1-1 (cosφ ) I b I n I b I n Ib In I n I b I n I b I n I max 0.5 I max Ib 0.5 In Ib 0.5 In DC 1-1 A % (cosφ ) m ax I b I I max 0.1 I b I I max 0.02 I n I 0.05 I n 0.05 I n I I max 0.02 I n I 0.05 I n 0.05 I n I I max ( ) I n I n I I b I I max I max I n I ( I b I I max I max 0.05 I b I I max 0.02 n I 0.05 I n I 0.05 I n I I max ) n I 0.05 I I b I I max n I ( ) I n I I max I b 0.1 I n I n Ib I n I b I n

46 1-1 A % (cosφ ) I max I max 0.5 ( ) I n I b I<I max I n I<I max ( I b I I max I n I I max ) ±0. 3 ±0. 4 ±0. 6 ±1. 0 ±2. 0 ±2. 0 ±3. 0 ± Ib In %/K A % (sin Φ) Ib In I n I b I n I b I n DC m ax I b I I max 0.1 I b I I max 0.05 I b I I max A 0.1 I b I I max I b 0.02 I n I 0.05 I n 0.05 I n I I max 0.02 I n I 0.05 I n 0.05 I n I I max 0.02 n I 0.05 I n I 0.05 I n I I max 0.02 I n I 0.05 I n 0.05 I n I I max % (sin Φ) I n 0.05 I n I max I max I b I<I max I n I<I max I b I I max I n I I max ±0. ± ±1. ± ±1. ± ±3. 0 ±3. 0 ±4. 0 ± I b I n (climatic requirements)

47 9. (the effects of external influences) 9.1 (general) (frequency variation) 1-1, (electromagnetic compatibility : EMC) 1-1, (reversed phase sequence) 1-1, (tests of immunity to non-electromagnetic influence quantities) (general) (harmonics in the current and voltage circuits) 1-1, (voltage variation) 1-1, (ambient temperature variation) 1-1, 6, 20 K K 10 K. 2.. 높은온도에서의오차 낮은온도에서의오차평균온도계수 높은온도 낮은온도 (operation of auxiliary devices) 1-1, (short-time overcurrents) 1-1, (self-heating) 1-1, a) 0.2, 0.5, 1.0 2, b) 1, , 0.5 : % - 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 : % (sinφ) (earth fault) 1-1, (limits of error due to variation of the current for polyphase meters carrying a single-phase load, but with balanced polyphase voltages applied) ,

48 1.. 2., , (requirements for software controlled measuring instruments) (type test) 11.1 (test procedure, items), (5.2 ) Ⅱ A (3) DC (EMC) B (2) C (8)

49 . 13.3, KS C , KS C ~ 3, 6 3(A), 4 2(B), 5 8(C). 2.,,,,,,, b) , KS C (sample size and criteria) 8. 8 (n) A C() Re() (electrical safety requirements) (additional climatic requirement) 13.1, KS C , KS C

50 A. A

51 C 출력광 D. 1 C. 1 R D. 2 C. 2 D

52 E. E. 1 E. 3 : V 4 40V V 4 40V E. 2 :

53 F. DC, F.1 (DC )

54 F.2 ( )

55

56 H. (IEC ) H.1 H.1.1 IEC TC 13. -,. H F(t) - F(t) t - R(t). - IEC (2008) : Electricity metering equipment - Dependability - Part 31-1: Accelerated reliability testing - Elevated temperature and humidity - IEC (2006) : Electricity metering equipment - Dependability - Part 41: Reliability prediction H.1.2 H IEC (2008) - / Factor, - Weibull - Peck s Temperature-humidity model - Annex Sample 30 EA H. 1 (N ) : N, t n(t), t F(t). H IEC (2006) - ( ), - : Siemens Norm ( ) -, (,, ) -, E-type. Simulation DATA,. H.1.4 Weibull H Weibull R(t) Weibull R(t)., β β, 2. H.1.3 H R(t) - R(t) t,

57 ., N (Sample ), I (order number)., H. 2 β η, η e -1., t = η e -1. γ,. 0,. H Weibull R(t) β η, Exp., ln,,,, y=ax+b, A, B., β = A, η =. H.2 IEC H. 1 ( 30) H Weibull, Median Rank., X, CL,, H.2.1 STEP

58 H (85, R.H. 95 %) 20, R.H. 75 %, (AF max). 30 EA 50 % 10, 5 % (D min). H. 3 9 H / (,, U n = 230 V, I max = 100 A), 50 % 10 5 %?. H , Y :, UCL : 50 % Order 1 15F : C (5 %) H Ea n. H H : 230 V / : 10 A (0.1I max) / : 1.0 H Hr, (± 2.0 %) - Pulse - 30 EA ( ) H Spec.. H. 2 H Mode( ),. H Mode U1, Q2, Display. H , 95 %, 30 H U

59 H. 4 (85, R.H. 95 %) U1, (β, η) β = A, η =, β = A = 1.05, η = = H. 6 Display - Q2 H. 3 H. 5 Q2 H.2.1.6, [n, Ea]. (β, η) β = 2.88, η = - Display =335. H (Life-Strees model) Peck's temperature-humidity model,. (β, η) β = 4.72, η = = 227. H (85, 75, 65), R.H. (75, 85, 95) % :,

60 H H ( AF : Acceleration Factor ) T u, T s, (AF)., E a n, n=3 E a=0.9 ev H , - AF. H. 5 - Z = nx + E ay,. H.2.1.7, H (20 ) - Peck's model. - Ti, ATi. H. 4, k X 10-5, E a. - AT ave. - Tu ATi, T, -, n E a

61 - Display ( n = 2.930, E a = 0.806), AT ave E a. H (50 % ) - RHi, AHi. Tu = 17.9 RHu = 72 % H ,,. -, n. - AH ave. - RHu RHi, RH. : U n U<0.95U n, 0.95U n U<1.05U n, 1.05U n U<1.15U n, 10 0 U<0.1I max, 0.1I max U<0.2I max,, 0.9I max U<1.0I max, (3.33 %). - :., AH ave E a. H : Arrhenius - U1 ( n = 2.968, E a = ) Tu = 18.2, E a, Tn, 0.1 I max. Un RHu = 72 %,.(e.g ) H. 6 U1. - Q2 ( n = 2.625, E a = 0.865) Tu = 18.2 RHu = 72 %, E a, Tn Un 0.1 I max

62 . - : Un 0.1 I max. H U1 ( E a = ) = 3.2 H. 7 U1, (β, η) β = 1.05, η = = H Q2, H. 7 U1 - Q2 ( E a = ) = Display ( E a = ) = 2.5 H Mode (AF),.,. H. 8 Q2, (β, η) β = 2.88, η = = H Display, H U1,

63 ,. H DATA. H. 9 () H. 9 Display, (β, η) β = 4.72, η = = H Mode (β, η),,. H Mode (β, η). H. 10 () H H. 8 Mode H % 10 5 %?., %, 9.2 %

64 H.3. H.3.1, IEC , [ 150 EA] [30 ].,, DATA. H.3.2 STEP, Ea n 0.9 ev, 3,. H. 10 H Mode. H. 11 H Mode. H. 11 Ea=0.9 ev, n=3, STEP H.3.3, Ea n 0.9 ev, 3,,.,.. H. 12 H Mode. H Mode. H

65 H n() = 3, Ea( ) = 0.9 ev / : 83 30( ) ⑶ : 97% (3) 14 H. 12,,.,, 95 %,. 95 %,. H %, 95 %,, 90 %. H.4.. ⑴ : 85, 95% R.H. ⑵

66 I. e) a) ~ e) 5. I.1 I.1.1 a) CT a".( 1. ) b). c). d). e) CT b". f). g). h). i) I.2 CT I. 1, c ~ e e)~h). I.1.2 CT I. 14. CT I.2 (spilit, openable) CT (spilit, openable) CT. I.2.1 a),. b) CT a".( I. 14. ) c). d). e)

67 (scope) 1-1, 500 V I n 1.2 I n ( ).,.,,,,,.. a) (Information technology server farms) b) DC (DC supply points for communication equipment) c) (in car charging station or in car charging infrastructures) d) DC (DC supply points for public transport networks) IEC (normative references) ( ). IEC :-, Instrument transformers Part 14: Additional requirements for DC current transformers IEC :-, Instrument transformers Part 15 Additional requirements for DC voltage transformers IEC :2003, Electricity metering equipment (a.c.) - General Requirements, Tests and Test Conditions Part 11: Metering equipment IEC :2015, Electricity metering equipment (a,c,) - General Requirements, Tests and Test Conditions Part 31: Product safety requirements and tests IEC :2004, Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-19: Testing and measurement techniques Test for immunity to conducted, differential mode disturbances and signalling in the Frequency range from 2 khz to 150 khz, at a.c. power ports EN :2013, Railway applications Energy measurement on board trains 3. (terms and definitions) (standard electrical values and type) 4.1 (standard voltages) (standard current) (standard frequency). 4.4 (power consumption) (type), (construction requirements) (meter marking) (metrological performance requirements and tests) 7.1 (general test conditions)

68 ) /- -/+ < 0.02 % < 0.04 % () 7.2 (meter constant) 2 (0) (initial start-up of the meter) (test of no-load condition) (starting current test) 2 % 2 % < ±1.0 % 1-1, I n. 1-1 A I n I n I n I n ( : ) I n I n I n I < 0.2 I max I n 0.05 I n I n I n I < 0.03 I max I n I n I max (limits of error due to the variation of the current) 3. %/K. 3 (%) I n I < 0.05 I n ± I n I < I max ± 0.5 ± (limits of error due to influence quantities) 1-1, ( 8. (climatic requirements) (the effects of external influences) 9.1 (general) (electromagnetic compatibility : EMC) 1-1,

69 9.3 - (tests of immunity to non-electromagnetic influence quantities) (general) (harmonics in the current and voltage circuits) (short-time overcurrents).,, 4.,. ( 1) I max, 0 ~ -10 % (nominal voltage variation) 1-1, (ambient temperature variation) 1-1, 5, 20 K K 10 K. 2.. 높은온도에서의오차 낮은온도에서의오차평균온도계수 높은온도 낮은온도 (self-heating). a). b) 2. c).. d) % (earth fault) (limits of error due to variation of the current for polyphase meters carrying a single-phase load, but with balanced polyphase voltages applied). 10. (requirements for software controlled measuring instruments) (frequency variation) (reversed phase sequence) (operation of auxiliary devices). 11. (type test) 11.1 (test procedure, items), (5.2 ) A (3)

70 Ⅱ (EMC) B (2) A (3) ~ 3, 6 3(A), 4 2(B), 5 3(C) (sample size and criteria) 7. (n) A C() Re() (electrical safety requirements) C (3)

71 , , , ( 4) ( ) (,, ) , , , , 7.6 I max( 1), I b( 1) ,

72 , 90 [] ,. 4. ( ) , 7.6 I max, I n , , 90 []

73 , 17, 21,,. 2.,. (1) : /, /.. (2) :,.. (3) :, (1) , 3 4, (2) (1) (3).. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) (3) (1-3 ) 1) ) ) ) (1) :,, (2) :, (3) : 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 / 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 (4) :,,, (5) :, (6) :,,,,, (7) : 2, 3, 33, 34 (8) : ( I b, I n,, I max), ( I n,, max) I (9) : (63.5 V, 110 V, 220 V), (48 V, 60 V, 100 V, 110 V, 200 V, 220 V, 400 V X V) 1., 33, X V. (10) (11) (12) (, 3) (13) (, ) (1) :,, (2) :, (3) : 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 / 0.5, 1.0, 2.0,

74 (4) :,,, (5) :, (6) :,,,,, (7) : 2, 3, 33, 34 (8) : ( I b, I n,, I max), ( I n,, max) I, (I b) (I max),, (I n). (9) : (63.5 V, 110 V, 220 V), (48 V, 60 V, 100 V, 110 V, 200 V, 220 V, 400 V X V) 1., 33, ,. 3. X V. (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (, 3) (15) /( ) (16) (, CT) %. ( 11. ) 1, ( 38 ) ( 47) XXX ( 38 ) ( 50) , 2, 3 4.,. (1) 1) ) (, ) 3) - /, A. 4) 2. 5) (2) 1) , H ) ( ) 3) - /, ( ) 4) 3. 5) (3) 1) ) 4. 3)

75 2. - (,,, ),

76 (1) ( ) (2) CT Shunt,. CT CT

77 3. A/D, (3) 4. (4) (5) 5.7 (LCD ), ,,, (6),,,, ,,

78 PCB 12. PCB PCB, 1 PCB 2 PCB, 4 PCB 2 PCB PCB PCB PCB PCB option board (7) (8) (9) (10) ,, (11) 16. (12) 17. (1) (2) (3) (13) ,. A/D A/D,. (4), A/D (5).

79 (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) SRAM, FLASH MEMORY, FRAM. a) ( 23 ),. ( ),, ( ). option board..,. Ready.,,,,. (Pin to Pin ). (12)., PCB PCB, PCB PCB,.. (13) ( ). (,, ).,, ( )., (1) ( ) (2) CT Shunt,

80 3. A/D, (3) 4. (4) (5) 5.7 (LCD ), ,,, (6),,,, ,,

81 PCB 12. PCB 13. PCB, 1 PCB 2 PCB, 4 PCB 2 PCB PCB PCB PCB PCB option board (7) (8) (9) (10) ,, (11) 16. (12) 17. (1) (2) (3) (13) ,. A/D A/D,. (4), A/D (5) (6) (7) (8) (9). SRAM, FLASH MEMORY, FRAM. a) ( 23 ),. ( ),, ( ). option board

82 (10) (11),. Ready.,,,,. (Pin to Pin ). (12)., PCB PCB, PCB PCB,.. (13) ( ). (,, ).,, ( ).,