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1 Bandwidth Efficiency Analysis for Cooperative Transmission Methods of Downlink Signals using Distributed Antennas In this paper, the performance of cooperative transmission methods for downlink transmission is analyzed for distributed antenna systems, where the base station (BS) and remote antennas (RA) are connected through wireline or dedicated channels. In particular, for the open-loop and closed-loop transmission based on the availability of the channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter, the SIR and average bandwidth efficiency for different cooperative transmission methods are derived, and an effective cooperative transmission strategy for given locations of the mobile station (MS) is proposed. Keywords: Distributed antennas, Signal-to-Interference ratio, Bandwidth efficiency, MRT, EGT, STBC I

3 h[ L1 h 1 L h ] (1) h 1 RA i L i RA i x i P x w wx

4 III L1 h 1 x 1 L h x IΣ N i1,im,n L i h i x i I Σ N i1,im,n L i P P 1 L 1 h 1 P P L h P x 1 t 0, t 1 (t 0 T s ) y 0 L1 h 1 x 1 L h x I (4) y 1 L1 h 1 x * L h x * 1I (5) * T s x 1 L1 h * 1 y 0 L h y * 1 (L 1 h 1 L h )x 1 L1 h * 1 I L h I * (6) x L h * y 0 L1 h 1 y * 1 (L 1 h 1 L h )x L1 h 1 I * L h * I (7) P 1 P γ STBC (8) N y L1 h 1 x 1 Σ L i h i x i () i3 w P 1 γ SAT (3) w 1 h H w [ ] (9) w 1 h H

5 RA 1 RA SIR x1 P 1 L 1 h * 1 x 1 L 1 h 1 L h L h * x 1 L 1 h 1 L h P 1 P h * 1 x 1 h 1 h * x 1 h ( P1 P ) time t: time t: time tt s : L 1 h * 1 x 1 L 1 h 1 L h time tt s : L h * x L 1 h 1 L h P 1 P (P 1 P ) L 1 h * 1 ( x* ) L 1 h 1 L h L 1 h * x* 1 L 1 h 1 L h time t: x 1 time tt s : x * time t: x time tt s : x * 1 P 1 P x 1 wwx 1 (L 1 h 1 L h ) yhwx 1 I x1 I (10) L 1 h 1 L h yhwx 1 I( L1 h 1 L h )x 1 I (13) ( P1 P ) γ EGT (14) P 1 P γ MRT (11) w 1 h 1 h H w [ ] [ ] (1) w 1 h 1 h x L1 h * 1 0 x 1 x [ ][ ] (15) L 1 h 1 L h 0 L h * x* x* 1 t 0, t 1 (t 0 T s )

6 L 1 h 1 x 1 L h x * y 0 I (16) L 1 h 1 L h P 1 P γ STBCT (0) (P 1 P ) L 1 h 1 x L h x * 1 y 1 I (17) L 1 h 1 L h α L1 h 1 L 1 h 1 L h β L h L 1 h 1 L h x 1 αy 0 βy* 1 (L 1 h 1 ) (L h ) x 1 αiβi * (18) L 1 h 1 L h x βy 0 αy* 1 (L 1 h 1 ) (L h ) x αiβi * (19) L 1 h 1 L h IV

7 P 1 P P 1 P P P P 1 5P1 P 1 5P1 () lim P1 P (P 1 P ) =P 1 lim P1 P (P 1 P )((P 1 P ) )=P 1 lim P1 P ( P1 P ) =P 1 lim P1 P (P 1 P ) =P 1 ( P1 P ) P 1 P (1) (P 1 P ) P 1 P P P 1 5P1 P 1 5P1 P P 1 5P1 P 1 5P1 P 1 P

8 L 1 h 1 x 1 f γ SAT (γ) exp ( γ ) (3) σ 1 σ 1 L 1 h 1 x 1 L h x σ 1 σ π k f γ STBC (γ)σ exp ( γ ) (4) k1 σ k σ k π k Π k k1, kk σ k (σ k σ k ) σ 1 σ

9 π k f γ MRT (γ)σ exp ( γ ) (5) k1 σ k σ k π k Π k k1, kk σ k (σ k σ k ) γ E[η STBC ] 0 log (1γ)f γ STBC (γ)dγ 1 σ I σ I { σ 1 exp ( ) Ei ( (σ 1 ) σ )ln σ 1 σ 1 σ exp ( ) Ei ( )} (8) σ σ ηlog (1γ) (6) E[η SAT ] 0 log (1γ)f γ SAT (γ)dγ σ I exp ( ) Ei ( σ 1 σ 1 ) (7) ln E[η MRT ] 0 log (1γ)f γ MRT (γ)dγ 1 σ I σ I { σ 1 exp ( ) Ei ( (σ 1 ) σ )ln σ 1 σ 1 σ exp ( ) Ei ( )} (9) σ σ E[] Ei(z) -z e t t dt

10 η η η η η η V

[1] A. A. M. Saleh, A. J. Rustako, and R. S. Roman, ''Distributed antennas for indoor radio communications,'' IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 35, Dec. 1987, pp. 145-151. [] L. Xiao, L. Dai, H. Zhuang, S.

, J. Wu, and H. W. Tsao, ''A radio-over-fiber network for microcellular system application,'' IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 47, No. 1, Feb. 1998, pp. 84-94. [4] J. Fan, C. L. Lu, and L. G.

11 [1] A. A. M. Saleh, A. J. Rustako, and R. S. Roman, ''Distributed antennas for indoor radio communications,'' IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 35, Dec. 1987, pp [] L. Xiao, L. Dai, H. Zhuang, S. Zhou, and Y. Yao, ''Information-theoretic capacity analysis in MIMO distributed antenna systems,'' in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., Apr. 003, pp [3] J. S. Wu, J. Wu, and H. W. Tsao, ''A radio-over-fiber network for microcellular system application,'' IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., Vol. 47, No. 1, Feb. 1998, pp [4] J. Fan, C. L. Lu, and L. G. Kazovsky, ''Dynamic range requirements for microcellular personal communication systems using analog fiber-optic links,'' IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., Vol. 45, No. 8, Aug. 1997, pp [5] H. Zhang and H. Dai, ''On the capacity of distributed MIMO systems,'' in Proc. 004 Conf. on Information Sciences and Systems (CISS), Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, Mar [6] S. Alamouti, ''A simple transmit diversity technique for wireless communications,'' IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun., Vol. 16, Oct. 1998, pp [7] T. K. Y. Lo, ''Maximum ratio transmission,'' IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 47, pp , Oct [8] D. J. Love and R. W. Heath, ''Equal gain transmission in multiple-input multiple- output wireless systems,'' IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 51, No. 7, Jul. 003, pp [9] E. N. Onggosanusi, A. Gatherer, A. G. Dabak, and S. Hosur, ''Performance analysis of closed-loop transmit diversity in the presence of feedback delay,'' IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 49, Sept. 001, pp [10] T. Xiaofeng, H. Harald, Y. Zhuizhuan, Q. Haiyan, and Z. Ping, ''Closed loop space-time block code,'' in Proc. IEEE Veh. Technol. Conf., Oct. 001, pp [11] J. G. Proakis, Digital Communications, 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 001. [1] V. K. Rohatgi, An Introduction to Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics. New York: Wiley, 1976.

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½Éº´È¿ Ãâ·Â Standard and Technology of Full-Dimension MINO Systems in LTE-Advances Pro Massive MIMO has been studied in academia foreseeing the capacity crunch in the coming years. Presently, industry has also started