, V2N(Vehicle to Nomadic Device) [3]., [4],[5]., V2V(Vehicle to Vehicle) V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) IEEE 82.11p WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicula

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1 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 215 Jul.; 26(7), ISSN (Print) ISSN X (Online) Dual-Band Orthogonal-Polarization Microstrip Antenna for Vehicle-to-Nomadic Devices Communication 임은숙 이동효 표성민 Eunsook Lim Dong-Hyo Lee* Seongmin Pyo 요약. H. H,. 1.8 GHz 2.4 GHz.,. Abstract This paper proposes a new design of a dual-band orthogonal-polarization microstrip antenna for V2N(Vehicle to Nomadic Device) communication system. The proposed antenna consists of a perpendicular feeding structure for utilizing orthogonal linear polarizations and an microstrip radiator which loaded by close-looped H-shape slot for obtaining dual-band operation. Due to the geometrically different loading effect of the close-looped H-shape slot for each feeding location, the orthogonally linear polarization at dual-band operation of the proposed antenna can be successfully achieved. The proposed antenna theoretically and experimentally demonstrates the vertical linear polarization at the operating frequency of 1.8 GHz and the horizontal linear polarization at the operating frequency of 2.4 GHz, respectively. The simulation and measurement results of the implemented antenna have been in good agreement with the reflection coefficients, radiation patterns, and realized antenna gains. Key words: Microstrip Antenna, Dual Band, Orthogonal Polarization, Vehicle to Nomadic Device. 서론, [1],[2] ( ) (214R1A1A14241). (Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Hanbat National University) * (LEO Satellite Mission Operation Department, Korea Aerospace Research Institute) Manuscript received April 17, 215 ; June 3, 215 ; Accepted July 2, 215. (ID No ) Corresponding Author: Seongmin Pyo ( spyo@hanbat.ac.kr) 66 c Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science. All Rights Reserved.

2 , V2N(Vehicle to Nomadic Device) [3]., [4],[5]., V2V(Vehicle to Vehicle) V2I (Vehicle to Infrastructure) IEEE 82.11p WAVE (Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment), V2N [6]. 1.8 GHz 2.4 GHz.,, [7]. [7], [8], [9]., [1], H.,,.. 안테나설계및분석 , 1.6 mm FR4 (p) 24 mm. H. (w), (l), (s) (g). H H z x coaxial feed y s g p w unit : mm 1Ω microstrip λ g /4 transformer 그림 1. Fig. 1. Configuration of the proposed dual-band orthogonalpolarized antenna.,. 5, 1. λ/4. 2 (w) (l),. 2 (w) 7 mm 1 mm, 2.4 GHz 1.78 GHz, 2.39 GHz 2.29 GHz., (w)., 2, (l) 13 mm 16 mm, 2.48 GHz 2.29 GHz, 1.93 GHz 1.83 GHz., (w) (l). H, I., GHz 2.4 GHz H l 67

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 7, Jul. 215. Reflection coefficient (db) Reflection coefficient (db) -4-5 -4-5 f H w f L 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.

표 1. ( : mm) Table 1. Design parameters of the proposed antenna(unit: mm). p 24 w 9 l 15 g 1 s 1 z x y 그림 3.. 1.86 GHz TM 1 2.37 GHz TM 1 Fig. 3. Simulated electric field intensities of the proposed antenna.

3 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 7, Jul Reflection coefficient (db) Reflection coefficient (db) f H w f L f H f L l w=7mm w=8mm w=9mm w=1mm l=13mm l=14mm l=15mm l=16mm 그림 2. (w) (l). Fig. 2. Computed frequencies of the proposed antenna for the width(w) and the length(l) of close-looped H- shape slot. 표 1. ( : mm) Table 1. Design parameters of the proposed antenna(unit: mm). p 24 w 9 l 15 g 1 s 1 z x y 그림 GHz TM GHz TM 1 Fig. 3. Simulated electric field intensities of the proposed antenna. TM 1 mode at 1.86 GHz and TM 1 mode at 2.37 GHz. z, w 9 mm, l 15 mm, GHz 2.37 GHz, GHz TM 1.,., GHz TM ,,., H TM 1, I TM 1.,,,. x y 68

. 안테나제작및측정 4 FR4. 98 mm 98 mm., 45 mm 45 mm,,, 1.8 GHz.,.3 mm through-hole drilling. 5. 1.86 GHz 23.27 db, 2.43 GHz 29.24 db, 1 db 1.85 GHz 1.88 GHz 3 MHz, 2.35 GHz 2.39 GHz 4 MHz.,. 6 7.

4 . 안테나제작및측정 4 FR4. 98 mm 98 mm., 45 mm 45 mm,,, 1.8 GHz.,.3 mm through-hole drilling GHz db, 2.43 GHz db, 1 db 1.85 GHz 1.88 GHz 3 MHz, 2.35 GHz 2.39 GHz 4 MHz., Reflection coefficient (db) mea. sim. 그림 5. Fig. 5. Reflection coefficients of the proposed antenna. Gain (dbi) q = ( +z ) 3 6 mea. E x mea. E y sim. E x sim. E y 3 33 q = ( +z ) mea. E x mea. E y sim. E x sim. E y ( +y ) ( +x ) Ω microstrip λ g /4 transformer 그림 GHz, yz (c) zx Fig. 6. Realized antenna gains and radiation patterns at yz-plane and (c) zx-plane of the proposed antenna polarization at 1.86 GHz (c) 15 그림 4. Fig. 4. Photograph of the implemented antenna., (θ) ( ) 5, 3D. 69

5 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 7, Jul , (co-polarization), (cross-polarization) GHz 4.99 dbi, dbi. (cross-polarization ratio) 8.79 db. 6, (c) 1.86 GHz.., +z., 1 db GHz.4 dbi,.,. 2, dbi db,. V2V V2I 8 dbi. V2N, dbi, RF. Gain (dbi) q = ( +z ) ( +y ) mea. E x mea. E y sim. E x sim. E y q = ( +z ) mea. E x mea. E y sim. E x sim. E y 3 6 ( +x ) 9-4 그림 GHz, yz (c) zx Fig. 7. Realized antenna gains and radiation patterns at yz-plane and (c) zx-plane of the proposed antenna polarization at 2.37 GHz. 18 (c) (c) 2.37 GHz.,,., 6 7,,.. 결론. H 61

,.,. References [1] H. Hartenstein, K. Laberteaux, VANET: Vehicular Applications and Inter-Networking Technologies, John Wiley and Sons, 21. [2] S. Eichler, "Performance evaluation of the IEEE 82.

6 ,.,. References [1] H. Hartenstein, K. Laberteaux, VANET: Vehicular Applications and Inter-Networking Technologies, John Wiley and Sons, 21. [2] S. Eichler, "Performance evaluation of the IEEE 82.11p WAVE communication standard", IEEE Vehicular Technology Conf., pp , Oct. 27. [3] W. Xiang, J. Gozalvez, Z. Niu, O. Altintas, and E. Ekici, "Wireless access in vehicular environments", EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, vol. 29, no , pp. 1-2, Jun. 29. [4],,, " ",, 21(2), pp. 55-6, [5] S. Horiuchu, K. Yamada, S. Tanaka, Y. Yamada, and N. Michishita, "Comparisons of simulated and measured electric field distributions on a cabin of a simplified scale car model", IEICE Trans. Commun., vol. E9-B, no. 9, pp , Sep. 27. [6] Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and Physical Layer(PHY) specifications: Amendment 7: Wireless Access in Vehicular Environment(WAVE), IE- EE Standard 82, Jul. 21. [7] J. R. James, P. S. Hall, and C. Wood, Microstrip Antenna Theory and Design, Peter Pregrinus, [8],,,, " ",, 16(11), pp , [9],,, " ISM ",, 14(5), pp , [1] O. A. Barrera, D. H. Lee, N. M. Quyet, V. Hoang-The, and H. C. Park, "A circularly polarized harmonic- rejecting antenna for wireless power transfer applications", IEICE Electron. Express, vol. 1, no. 19, pp , Sep : ( ) : [ 주관심분야 ] 28 2 : ( ) 21 2 : ( ) : AP ( ) : [ 주관심분야 ], 611

7 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 7, Jul : ( ) 24 2 : ( ) : ( ) : : : [ 주관심분야 ] /,, 612

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method