THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jan.; 26(1),

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1 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jan.; 26(1), ISSN (Print)ISSN X (Online) A Retro-Directive Array System for Reduction of Electromagnetic Wave Reflection 하정제 장성훈 이용식 Jungje HaSunghoon Jang*Yongshik Lee 요약,...,. 2 2,. 26 db. Abstract In this paper, a cancellation technique for electromagnetic waves is realized based on a retrodirective antenna array system. The system re-transmits a signal to the direction of the incoming signal, with the same frequency and opposite phase. For the experimental verification, a 2 2 retrodirective array system is designed and fabricated. Experimental results for a metallic cylinder show as much as 26-dB reduction in reflection. Key words: Active Cancellation, Radar, Retrodirective Array, Phase Conjugation, Mixer, RCS. 서론 (retrodirective array) [1]. (Echo) [2][4]. RF. [5].. (Department of Electronical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University) *(Agency for Defense Development) Manuscript received October 31, 2014 ; Revised November 24, 2014 ; Accepted December 11, (ID No ) Corresponding Author: Yongshik Lee ( yongshik.lee@yonsei.ac.kr) c Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science. All Rights Reserved. 113

2 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 1, Jan 그림 1. Fig. 1. Application of retrodirective array system for active cancellation. [6], [7]., [8]..,. 2 2,. 1, (RCS). S 26 db.. 본론 2-1 병렬믹서기반위상공액배열시스템 2. 2(a) (a) (a) Retro-directive characteristics of phase conjugation (b) (b) Proposed phase-conjugation system based on parallel mixer 그림 2. Fig. 2. Operation principle of active cancellation system based on phase conjugation.. RX TX, [1]. 2(b),,.,. RF IF RF-IF., 114

3 , [7]. [9].. IF IF A IF B IF A IF B. A IF A RF IF B B RF (2) A R F B LO A LO B LO B R F A leak B leak (1) (2a) (2b) A, LO. A leak B leak. R F, LO, leak 180, (2). A IF cosr F RF l eak cos R F RF cosrf (3a) B IF cosr F RF cosrf leak cos RF RF (3b) (1) (3). RF LO IF cos R F R F cos R F R F (4) IF R F. IF. R F LO IF R F R F cos IF t IF (5) (5) RF-IF IF R F.. (5) (4) 그림 Fig. 3. Proposed 2 2 retrodriective array system. 115

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 1, Jan. 2015.,. 2(b) 3. 2, [10]. 180,.

3, 4 Taconic RF-35( =3.5, h=0.51 mm). S 45 db. 5(a), [11].. 3.04 mm RF-35 그림 4. Fig. 4. Photograph of fabricated system.

4 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 1, Jan ,. 2(b) 3. 2, [10]. 180,. 2-2 병렬믹서기반역지향배열시스템설계 2.25 GHz.,, 2 2.,. Mini-circuit SIM-83+, Hitttie HMC- 311ST89 HMC414MS8G (Gain block) (Power amplifier). 3, 4 Taconic RF-35( =3.5, h=0.51 mm). S 45 db. 5(a), [11] mm RF-35 그림 4. Fig. 4. Photograph of fabricated system. (a) (a) Photograph of fabricated antenna (b) (b) Frequency response (c) 2.25 GHz H-plane (c) H-plane 2.25 GHz 그림 5. Fig. 5. Microstrip patch antenna and measured results. 116

, 65 65 mm 2. 5(b) 2.25 GHz, 10-dB 110 MHz 5.86.4 dbi. 5(c) 2.25 GHz H-plane.,., 3. 3 Analog device phase detector(ad8302) Hitttie (HMC928LP5E). 1 2. 0 RF RF. R F.. 2-3 금속원통에대한능동상쇄실험결과 6. 2.25 GHz dbsm 22 cm, 36 cm.

5 , mm 2. 5(b) 2.25 GHz, 10-dB 110 MHz dbi. 5(c) 2.25 GHz H-plane.,., 3. 3 Analog device phase detector(ad8302) Hitttie (HMC928LP5E) RF RF. R F 금속원통에대한능동상쇄실험결과 GHz dbsm 22 cm, 36 cm GHz. 1, 26 db. 표 1. Table 1. Reflection levels before and after active cancellation GHz 42.6 dbm 68.9 dbm 26.3 db 2.30 GHz 42.9 dbm 66.8 dbm 23.9 db 그림 6. Fig. 6. Mono-static experimental setup for metallic cylinder. RCS,,.,, 60 MHz.. [12].. 결론,.,. 2 2., 26 db.. References [1] C. Y. Pon, "Retrodirective array using the heterodyne 117

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 1, Jan. 2015. technique", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation., vol. AP- 12, pp. 176-180, Mar. 1964. [2] R. Y.

, "Multiple target tracking using retrodirective antenna arrays", IEE National Conference on Antennas and Propagation, pp. 178-181, Mar. 1999. [4] R. Y. Miyamoto, et al.

"Self-tracking duplex communication link using integrated retrodirective antennas", in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Jun., 2000. [6] V. F. Fusco, et al.

6 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 1, Jan technique", IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation., vol. AP- 12, pp , Mar [2] R. Y. Miyamoto, et al., "Retrodirective arrays for wireless communications", IEEE Microwave Mag., vol. 3, no. 1, pp , Mar [3] S. L. Karode, et al., "Multiple target tracking using retrodirective antenna arrays", IEE National Conference on Antennas and Propagation, pp , Mar [4] R. Y. Miyamoto, et al., "Active retrodirective array for remote tagging and wireless sensor applications", in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Jun., [5] S. L. Karode, et al. "Self-tracking duplex communication link using integrated retrodirective antennas", in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Jun., [6] V. F. Fusco, et al., "Advanced PON retrodirective array phase conjugate cell for RCS applications", 31st European Microwave Conference, Sep [7],,, " ",, 24(12), pp , [8] M. Selvanayagam, et al., "Experimental demonstration of active electromagnetic cloaking", Physical Review X, vol. no , [9] T. Brabetz, et al., "Balanced subharmonic mixers for retrodirective-array applications", IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory Techniques, vol. 49, no. 3, pp , Mar [10],,, " ", 2014, p. 104, [11] B. -K. Ang, et al., "A wideband E-shaped microstrip patch antenna for 56 GHz wireless communications", Progress in Electromagnetics Research, vol. 75, pp , [12] J. Shao, et al., "Design of a wideband balun using parallel strips", IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 23, no. 3, pp Mar : () : () : [ 주관심분야 ], : () : () : () : [ 주관심분야 ] : ( ) : University of Michigan () : Post-doctorial Research Associate, Purdue University : Senior Research Engineering, EMAG Technologies, Inc : [ 주관심분야 ],, 118

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method