THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 26(3),

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1 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 215 Mar.; 26(3), ISSN (Print) ISSN X (Online) Metal Phone MIMO Antenna with Auxiliary Slot 이원희 박민길 손태호 Won-hee Lee Minkil Park Taeho Son 요약 4G MIMO,. LTE class 4.. LTE class 13/ LTE class 14/ CDMA/ GSM/ DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA/ LTE class 4 VSWR 3:1. MIMO ECC(Envelope Correlation Coefficient).2. MTG dbi, %. Abstract In this paper, a hybrid MIMO antenna for the metal phone with auxiliary slot for 4th generation mobile communication is designed and implemented. Auxiliary slot locates on the rear metal cover of the phone, and handles for LTE class 4 band. The auxiliary slot operates hybrid with a monopole antenna. Studied antenna satisfies under VSWR 3:1 for LTE class 13/ LTE class 14/ CDMA/ GSM/ DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA/ LTE class 4 bands. ECC(Envelope Correlation Coefficient) value for MIMO characteristic is less than.2 over the whole design bands. Average gains and antenna efficiencies measured by MTG anechoic chamber were dbi and %, respectively. Key words: MIMO Antenna, Mobile Phone Antenna, Hybrid Antenna, Slot Antenna. 서론.,,., (cover) (metal)..,,.. PIFA(Planar Inverted F An- 214 ( ) ( ). (Department of IT Engineering, Soonchunhyang University) Manuscript received December 29, 214 ; Revised February 16, 215 ; Accepted February 23, 215. (ID No S) Corresponding Author: Taeho Son ( thson@sch.ac.kr) 248 c Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science. All Rights Reserved.

tenna) IFA(Inverted F Antenna) (hybrid) [1],[2]., [3].,, [4],[5].,. IFA [6],[7]. (coupling). IFA.. LTE class 4 (2.

, LTE class 13(746 787 MHz), LTE class 14(758 798 MHz), CDMA(824 894 MHz), GSM(88 96 MHz), DCS(1,71

(bare board), Network Analyzer,.. 안테나구조 1 2, 7 mm,. 1(a). 4.

2 tenna) IFA(Inverted F Antenna) (hybrid) [1],[2]., [3].,, [4],[5].,. IFA [6],[7]. (coupling). IFA.. LTE class 4 ( GHz). MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)., LTE class 13( MHz), LTE class 14( MHz), CDMA( MHz), GSM(88 96 MHz), DCS(1,71 1,88 MHz), PCS (1,75 1,91 MHz), WCDMA(1,92 2,17 MHz), LTE class 4(2,3 2,4 MHz) 8 6 db. Ansoft HFSS,. (bare board), Network Analyzer,.. 안테나구조 1 2, 7 mm,. 1(a). 4.4 PCB, (a) (a) Proposed antenna (b) (b) Position of slot feeding line (c) (c) Metal cover on bare board 그림 1. Fig. 1. Structure of the proposed antenna..8 mm( ). 15 mm. MIMO 249

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 3, Mar. 215., 2 port CPWG(Co-planar Waveguide with Ground) 1 2. 64 116 mm( ). 1(b) 1(c). 1(b). x-y, z 'L'., x.

3 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 3, Mar. 215., 2 port CPWG(Co-planar Waveguide with Ground) mm( ). 1(b) 1(c). 1(b). x-y, z 'L'., x. 1(c). MIMO.. 5 mm x-z.. 안테나설계 2., IFA.., IFA. IFA..5 mm. IFA LTE class 13 W-CDMA. (LTE class 13, 14/ CDMA/ GSM) L 1 L 2, (DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA) L 3.,. 3 4 L 1 L LTE class 13,14/ CDMA/ GSM bands L1=3mm L1=5mm L1=7mm 그림 3. L 1 Fig. 3. Reflection coefficient as a function of length L 그림 2. Fig. 2. Structure of the main antenna. -2 LTE class 13,14/ CDMA/ GSM bands L2=18mm L2=2mm L2=22mm 그림 4. L 2 Fig. 4. Reflection coefficient as a function of length L 2. 25

. L 1, 5 mm 6 db GSM. L 2, 2 mm 6 db LTE class 13, 14. 5 L 3. L 3-1 -2-25 L3=2mm L3=4mm L3=6mm DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA bands 1.6 1.8 2. 2.2 그림 5. L 3 Fig. 5. Reflection coefficient as a function of length L 3.

4 . L 1, 5 mm 6 db GSM. L 2, 2 mm 6 db LTE class 13, L 3. L L3=2mm L3=4mm L3=6mm DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA bands 그림 5. L 3 Fig. 5. Reflection coefficient as a function of length L 3.. L 1 DCS., PCS. L 3 4 mm. 6. 6(a), 6(b) y-z. 7 mm. 6(a),. 7 6 h. 5.5 mm LTE class 4.. L. 8 L.,. 5 mm LTE class 4 2,35 MHz LTE class 4 band (a) x-y (a) x-y plane -1-2 (b) y-z (b) y-z plane 그림 6. Fig. 6. Structure of the auxiliary slot. -25 LTE class 13,14/ CDMA/ GSM bands h=4.5mm -3 h=5.5mm DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA bands h=6.5mm 그림 7. h Fig. 7. Reflection coefficient as a function of heigt h. 251

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 3, Mar.

L Fig. 8. Reflection coefficient as a function of length L. 그림 1.

Optimum design lengths for the proposed antenna. (mm) L 1 5 L 2 2 L 3 4 h 5.

5 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 3, Mar L=48mm L=5mm L=52mm -1 LTE class 4 band 그림 8. L Fig. 8. Reflection coefficient as a function of length L. 그림 1. Fig. 1. Photo of the implemented antenna. 표 1. Table 1. Optimum design lengths for the proposed antenna. (mm) L 1 5 L 2 2 L 3 4 h 5.5 L 5 (a) x-y (a) x-y plane (b) y-z (b) y-z plane 그림 9. (2,35 MHz) Fig. 9. E-field intensity of the auxiliary slot(2,35 MHz).. 4 1,. 9 LTE class 4 2,35 MHz. 9(a) x-y.. 9(b) y-z..,.. 안테나제작 1.,. 252

6 lower band upper band LTE class 4 band lower band upper band LTE class 4 band measurement simulation (a) Port 1 (a) Reflection coefficient at port 1 lower band upper band LTE class 4 band -2 with slot no slot 그림 12. Fig. 12. The reflection coefficient comparison metal cover without slot and with slot. S22 (db) measurement simulation (b) Port 2 (b) Reflection coefficient at port 2 그림 11. Fig. 11. The reflection coefficient comparison of simulation and measurement. 11.,. LTE class 4 9 db 9.4 db, 13 db 1 db. Envelope Correlation Coefficient lower band upper band LTE class 4 band 그림 13. Fig. 13. Envelope Coefficient Correlation(ECC). ECC , LTE class MIMO (Envelope Correlation Coefficient: ECC) 253

7 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 3, Mar ECC MIMO RF. Gain (dbi) Gain (dbi) Gain (dbi) [simulation]746mhz [measurement]746mhz [measurement]96mhz 6 12 (a) LTE class 13, 14/ CDMA/ GSM (b) DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA (c) LTE class [simulation]171mhz [measurement]171mhz [measurement]217mhz [simulation]23mhz [measurement]23mhz [measurement]24mhz 그림 14. H Fig. 14. Measured H plane pattern of the implemented antenna. 9 1, S 11, S 22, S 21. ECC (1). (1) ECC (1),. (1). ECC.5, MIMO [9]. 13 GSM.2 ECC. 14 H (y-z ). H. 14(c) 2,3 MHz H 2,3 MHz, H. Port 2 H port 1. E, H. 2. port %, port %. port 1 port dbi 3.3 dbi.. 결론 MIMO,., IFA. LTE class

8 표 2. Table 2. Efficiencies and the average gains of the proposed antenna. Lower band Upper band LTE class 4 band Port 1 Port 2 f [MHz] Eff.[%] Avg.[dBi] Eff.[%] Avg.[dBi] , , , , , , , , , , , mm FR4,. MIMO. LTE class 13/ LTE class 14/ CDMA/ GSM/ DCS/ PCS/ W-CDMA/ LTE class 4 8 VSWR 3:1. MIMO ECC.2. MTG LTE class 13 GSM dbi %., DCS LTE class dbi %.. References [1],, " PIFA IFA ", ITS, 1(4), pp. 65-7, [2],,,, " MIMO ",, 37(1), p. 86, [3],,,, " MIMO ",, 37(1), p. 147, [4] Sang Heun Lee, Yohan Lim, Young Joong Yoon, Chang- Beom Hong, and Hyung-Il Kim, "Multiband folded slot antenna with reduced hand effect for handsets", IEEE Transactions on Antenna and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 9, pp , Jul. 21. [5],, " ", ITS, 1(2), pp , [6],, "LTE ",, 22(7), pp , [7] M. Park, T. Son, and Y. Jo, "Hybrid antenna suitable for broadband mobile phone MIMO system", 213 International Symposium on Antenna and Propagation(ISAP), vol. 1, no. 1, pp , Oct [8] C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, pp , [9] Constantinos Votis, George Tatsis, and Panos Kostarakis, "Envelope correlation parameter measurements in a MI- MO antenna array configuration", Int. J. Communications, Network and System Sciences, vol. 3, no. 4, pp , Apr

이원 희 년 2월: 순천향대학교 정보통신공학 과 (공학사) 214년 3월 현재: 순천향대학교 정보통 신공학과 석사과정 [주 관심분야] 안테나 및

212년 3월 현재: 순천향대학교 정보통 신공학과 박사과정 [주 관심분야] 휴대폰, RFID 및 전장용 안 21 테나 설계 256 손태 호 년

1987년: 금성정밀(주) 중앙연구 소 선임연구원 198년 1981년: 영국 Ferranti사 연구원 1992년 1994년: 천문우주연구원

9 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 3, Mar 이원 희 년 2월: 순천향대학교 정보통신공학 과 (공학사) 214년 3월 현재: 순천향대학교 정보통 신공학과 석사과정 [주 관심분야] 안테나 및 전자파 이론, 휴 대폰 214 박민 길 년 2월: 순천향대학교 정보통신공학 과 (공학사) 212년 2월: 순천향대학교 정보통신공학 과 (공학석사) 212년 3월 현재: 순천향대학교 정보통 신공학과 박사과정 [주 관심분야] 휴대폰, RFID 및 전장용 안 21 테나 설계 256 손태 호 년 2월: 한양대학교 전자통신공학과 공학사) 년 2월: 한양대학교 전자통신공학과 공학석사) 년 2월: 한양대학교 전자통신공학과 공학박사) 년 1987년: 금성정밀(주) 중앙연구 소 선임연구원 198년 1981년: 영국 Ferranti사 연구원 1992년 1994년: 천문우주연구원 객원연구원 1999년 2년: 한국 ITS학회 회장 22년 현재: (주)에스비텔콤, (주)하이트랙스 (주)스카이크로 스 기술고문 199년 현재: 순천향대학교 정보통신공학과 교수 [주 관심분야] 위성통신, 휴대폰 안테나설계, 자동차용 전장품 개발 1979 ( 1986 ( 199 ( 1978

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 26, no. 9, Sep [1],[2].,.,, [3],[4]., 4 MI- MO(Multiple Input

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Sep.; 26(9), 769 776. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.9.769 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) MIMO