THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., -

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1 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 29(6), ISSN (Print)ISSN X (Online) Sigma-Delta STAP Comparison Between Simulation and Test Result of Sigma-Delta STAP 권보준 Bojun Kwon 요약 ΣΔ-STAP..., ΣΔ-STAP -. SINR,, 12 db. ΣΔ-STAP. Abstract This paper compares the results of ΣΔ-STAP applied to actual radar test data and simulation data. The radar received a target signal from a virtual target generator and the clutter signal from a signal generator in an anechoic chamber. The simulation data were generated from ideal baseband radar signal modeling using the same parameter as that for the test radar. The ΣΔ-STAP results of the test and simulation data are similar in terms of the target signal shape and noise level. The SINR(Signal-to-Interfrence-plus-Noise Ratio) loss also had similar aspects, but the simulation result shows 12 db higher SINR loss than the test result. This result verified that the simulation data can be a reasonable alternative test data when the ΣΔ-STAP is applied. Key words: Sigma-Delta STAP, Simulation, Test Result, Airborne Radar. 서론.. MPRF(Medium Pulse Repetition Frequency).. CFAR(Constant False Alarm (Agency for Defense Development) Manuscript received March 13, 2018 ; Revised April 26, 2018 ; Accepted May 8, (ID No ) Corresponding Author: Bojun Kwon ( baukwon@add.re.kr) c Copyright The Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science. All Rights Reserved. 457

2 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., - 2.,, [1]. STAP Fully adaptive STAP.. [1].. CPI, DDL(Doppler Domain Localization) [2]. Beamspace STAP [1]., STAP. JDL(Joint Domain Localization) [3] ΣΔ-STAP [4],[5]. [6].,, I/Q. STAP [1].,,. ΣΔ -STAP. ΣΔ-STAP,,,.. ΣΔ-STAP 기법 ΣΔ-STAP 1. T (Σ) (Δ). (boresight)., (null)., ADC(Analog to Digital Convertor), STAP. [7]. 3 그림 1. ΣΔ-STAP Fig. 1. Block diagram of ΣΔ-STAP. 458

Sigma-Delta STAP, 2.. (DOF, Degree of Freedom),.,. 2,,,,,.,, -,,,., (i, j) ΣΔ-STAP. (1). (i, j), m (i, j).,. (i, j).,. (2) (1). (Hermitian transpose). diagonal loading [8] ( ).,.., (3) MSMI(Modified Sample Matrix Inversion).

3 Sigma-Delta STAP, 2.. (DOF, Degree of Freedom),.,. 2,,,,,.,, -,,,., (i, j) ΣΔ-STAP. (1). (i, j), m (i, j).,. (i, j).,. (2) (1). (Hermitian transpose). diagonal loading [8] ( ).,.., (3) MSMI(Modified Sample Matrix Inversion)., steering vector. Steering vector, STAP. ΣΔ- STAP, 1, 0., 2. (2) (3) 그림 2. ΣΔ-STAP Fig. 2. Data structure of ΣΔ-STAP. - ΣΔ-STAP. CFAR 459

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun. 2018.., 2( ) ΣΔ-STAP.

. sin cos...,.,,. SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio) 30 db, CNR(Clutter-to-Noise Ratio) 40 db 2. 4. db - 5357. (, ) (31, 59).

4 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun , 2( ) ΣΔ-STAP. =2, =8, =2, 2, (Chebyshev).. 시험환경및시뮬레이션구성., 시험환경 3.,.. - (4) (narrow-band). cos sin (4),,,. sin cos...,.,,. SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio) 30 db, CNR(Clutter-to-Noise Ratio) 40 db db (, ) (31, 59) 시뮬레이션구성. 그림 3. Fig. 3. Test configuration. (a) 그림 4. (a) (b) Fig. 4. An example of test result(a) and simulation result(b). (b) 460

5 Sigma-Delta STAP... CPI(Coherent Processing Interval),,. /.,. (4). CPI (eclipse) ,. ADC DDC(Digital Down Conversion). 4.,,,. 4,,.. ΣΔ-STAP 적용결과비교 ΣΔ-STAP. ΣΔ-STAP - SINR (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio Loss). -.,,. SINR. 4-1 ΣΔ-STAP 처리된거리 - 도플러맵비교 -, ΣΔ-STAP -. 5.,, -, ΣΔ-STAP , , , 33,. CPI (a) - (a) Range-Doppler map of test data (c) ΣΔ-STAP - (c) ΣΔ-STAP result of test data (b) - (b) Range-Doppler map of simulation data (d) ΣΔ-STAP - ) (d) ΣΔ-STAP result of simulation data) 그림 5. ΣΔ-STAP - Fig. 5. Comparison of ΣΔ-STAP result. 461

6 THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun ΣΔ-STAP db, 18 db., db., CPI. 4-2 SINR 손실비교 STAP SINR. SINR SNR SINR. (5). SINR 12 db, STAP. SINR 0 db,.,. 30 SINR. 6., SINR.. 32, 3. ±3 1 db, (5) 그림 6. SINR Fig. 6. Comparison of SINR loss. 2 db SINR. SNR,,,.. 결론 ΣΔ-STAP., ΣΔ-STAP -. SINR,, 12 db. ΣΔ-STAP.,.,, ADC 462

Sigma-Delta STAP,. References [1] J. Ward, "Space-time adaptive processing for airborne radar," MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Technical Report 1015, 1994. [2] V.

7 Sigma-Delta STAP,. References [1] J. Ward, "Space-time adaptive processing for airborne radar," MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Technical Report 1015, [2] V. Madisetti, "Space-time adaptive processing for airborne surveillance radar," in The Digital Signal Processing Handbook - Wireless, Networking, Radar, Sensor Array Processing, and Nonlinear Signal Processing, CRC Press, [3] H. Wang, L. Cai, "On adaptive spatial-temporal processing for airborne surveillance radar systems," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 30, no. 3, pp , Jul [4] R. D. Brown, M. C. Wicks, Y. Zhang, Q. Zhang, and H. Wang, "A space-time adaptive processing approach for improved performance and affordability," in Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE National Radar Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, 1996, pp [5] R. D. Brown, R. A. Schneible, M. C. Wicks, H. Wang, and Y. Zhang, "STAP for clutter suppression with sum and difference beams," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 36, no. 2, pp , Apr [6] M. A. Richards, Fundamentals of Radar Signal Processing, McGraw-Hill, Inc., [7],,,, " GMTI sigma-delta STAP,", 28(4), pp , [8] B. D. Carlson, "Covariance matrix estimation errors and diagonal loading in adaptive arrays," IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 24, no. 4, pp , Jul : ( ) : () : [ 주관심분야 ] 463

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Dec.; 27(12), 1036 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.12.1036 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online)