IEEE 802.15 WPAN Standardization 삼성전자 DMC연구소손재승책임 js1007.son@samsung.comson@samsung 2012.06.25
Ⅰ. IEEE 802.15 Ⅱ. IEEE 802.15.6 BAN Ⅲ. IEEE 802.15.7 VLC Ⅳ. IEEE 802.15.4j MBAN Ⅴ. IEEE 802.15.8 PAC 1 /57
Wireless connectivity 무선접속분야국제표준화진행현황 고속지향적인기술개발 (802.11ac/ad) 다양한 application 에적합한기술개발 (802.11af/ah, BT, Zigbee, NFC) UWB WiHD 11b/g RFID 15.3c ZigBee 11a 1m NFC VLC WiGig B.T4.0 11n 600Mbps 50m 100m BAN TransferJet 10m 11ad 11ac 7Gbps 11af 11ah 675 6.75 Gbps 2 /57
Connectivity 표준기술분류 기술주파수대역인식거리데이터전송속도기타 L D R 868( 유럽 ) Zigbee 915MHz( 북미 ) 2.4GHz(World-wide) 100m 내외 Max. 250kbps 저전력 / 저가 / 확장성 [ 센서, Remote control ] 저전력, 설정시간 0.1초미만 NFC 13.56MHz 수 cm 내 106/212/424Kbps BT Setup 시활용 [ Payment, Tag 정보확보 ] BTLE 2.4 GHz ISM band 5-10 m Max. 1 Mbps BT RF 와호환, 저전력소모 [ 센서, Health Care ] H D R 수Kbps 초저전력 BAN 다양 0.01~2m ~ 10 Mbps [ Health Care ] 고용량데이터전송 UWB 3.1~10.6 GHz 10m Max. 480Mbps [AV 데이터전송 ] 가시광통신 (VLC) Bluetooth (2.0+ EDR) (3.0 + HS) 400nm~700nm ~5m ~100Mbps 2.4GHz ISM band 가시광광선 [ 전광판 / 신호등정보확보 ] 10m 1Mbps 시장성 (100m) (2.1Mbps) [ Audio 데이터전송 ] 비압축전송 WiGig/ 60GHz 10m 수 Gbps [AV 기기간실시간 Streaming 전송 ] 802.11ad Giga급 Wireless LAN 3 /57 LDR(Low Data Rate) HDR(High Data Rate)
IEEE 802.15 소개 IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 미국전기전자학회 ) IEEE 802.15 IEEE 802.11 에서분리된근거리무선통신표준화위원회 근거리 PAN(Personal Area Network) 무선네트워크 통신표준화 TG(Task Group) 종류 802.15.1: Bluetooth TM v1.1기반의표준 802.15.2: WPAN(802.15) 와 WLAN(802.11) 과의공존 (Coexistence) 관련표준 802.15.3: WPAN 중고속의전송 (20Mbps 이상 ) 을위해만든표준 802.15.3b: IEEE 802.15.3 MAC implementation 및호환성향상 802.15.3c: millimeter wave 대역을사용하는고속 PAN 표준화 802.15.4: WPAN 중저속의전송 (250kbps 이하 ) 을위해만든표준 802.15.4a: UWB 를사용하는저속표준화 802.15.4j: Smart Utility Networks (SUN) 지원을위한표준화 802.15.5: WPAN에서 mesh network 지원을위한표준화 4 /57 Reference: 전자공학회 2007 년 3 월표준화특집 : IEEE 802.15 WPAN http://www.ieee802.org/15/
IEEE 802.15 표준화절차 표준화절차 IG (Interest Group) WG(Working Group) 에기술및어플리케이션소개 WG에 SG 승인요청 SG (Study y Group) PAR(Project Authorization Request) 5C Broad Market Potential Compatibility Distinct Identity Technical Feasibility Economic Feasibility WG 및 EC(executive committee) 에 TG 승인요청 TG (Task Group) 표준화진행 Call for application Call for proposal Letter Ballot Sponsor Ballot 5 /57 Reference: https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/dcn/10/15-10-0235-08-0000-802-15-operations-manual.docx
완료된 IEEE 802.15 표준
IEEE 802.15.6 BAN Body Area Network
BAN 개요 BAN (Body Area Network) 정의 특징 의료서비스및엔터테인먼트서비스를위한저전력근거리무선통신규격 인체내외의최대 3m 이내의 medical 및 non-medical 무선기기연결 최대수십 mw 의저전력구현으로인체내 medical 장비의사용효율증대 인체내 implant 서비스를위한 MICS(medical implant communications service) 대역지원 다양한 PHY를지원하며공통의 MAC 규격사용 Scalability 통신지원 (10Kbps~10Mbps) 응급 / 의료서비스에대한트래픽보장및우선권부여 8 /57
BAN Application Middle Age Fitness Healthcare Motion Training Young Age Sports Fitness Motion Game BAN Application Silver Age E-911 Healthcare Tele-medicine Teen Age E-sport Education Motion Game 9 /57
BAN Application Accessory 형 Device Market 성장 3 years Watch 0 years Goggle * Hillcrest Lab Loop Motion Remote Controller 1 years 3 years * Amazon Kindle 1 years Wearable Interface 10 /57 0years Mini Projector * Fujitsu e-paper 5years Flexible Display
필요요소기술 저전력 Short duty cycle Low Tx. Power 저전력 Chip 설계 BAN Features Scalability 다양한요구사항 Traffic: short-term sensing vs. long-term sensing Data rate: 저속 vs. 고속 Topology: Star, tree, mesh 11 /57
BAN 통신경로분류 On On Man A Man B HBC 사용할경우 * HBC : Human Body Communication Cell-phone Cell-phone 12 /57 Medical Device Entertainment
BAN 기술선정기준 아이템요구사항비고 전송속도 10 kbps to 10 Mbps Individual link bit rate between two BAN nodes 전송거리 At least 3 m Node to node 소비전력 ~ 수십 mw (~1mW/1Mbps) Long battery life Complexity Security Commercially low cost Privacy, safety Gate count, die size, source code size Authentication and encryption SOP 10 BANs 6 Ⅹ 6 Ⅹ 6 m 2 Topology Star, mesh Hybrid QoS PER 10% 256 octet payload 13 /57
Multiple PHY & Common MAC 배경 다양한주파수대역 Licensed Band MICS(402-405MHz) WMTS(608-614 MHz, 1395-1400 MHz, 1427-1432 MHz) MBANS(2360-2400MHz) Unlicensed Band ISM (902-908MHz, 2400~2483.5MHz) UWB (3.1~5.1GHz, 7.25~8.5GHz) EFC/HBC (10~50MHz) 420-450MHz, 863-870MHz, 950-956MHz Application usage Low data rate, high reliability Medical : 생체신호 monitoring Non-medical : 주변기기또는센서연결 High data rate Medical : 캡슐형내시경 Non-medical : 비디오고글, contents download MICS : Medical Implant Communication Service ISM : Industry, Science, and Medical WMTS: Wireless Medical Telemetry Service UWB: Ultra Wide Band MBANs: Medical Body Area Networks EFC: E-Field Communication 14 /57 HBC: Human Body Communication
BAN 통신경로분류 Glucose sensor Insulin pump In In On In On On On Out 15 /57 Medical Device Entertainment
Multiple PHY & Common MAC Multiple PHY 협대역 (NB) Medical implant 서비스 의료기기제조사 (TI, Zarlink, Toumaz), NICT, IMEC 주도 헬스모니터링, 센싱, 의료서비스분야 TI, GE, Philips, Fujitsu, France telecom 주도 광대역 (UWB) 저전력고속 entertainment 고속전송가능 (~10Mbps) NICT, ETRI, CSEM 주도 EFC 접촉에의해통신루트확보 인체에서 3~10cm 떨어져있을경우에대한송수신고려 기기간접속또는피코넷간접속 Common MAC 각 PHY 는공통의 MAC 을사용 여러 PHY 동시운용은고려하고있지않음 16 /57
PHYs and MAC Outline MAC Beacon mode Non-beacon mode with superframe Non-beacon mode without superframe NB PHY UWB PHY EFC PHY Single PHY for multiple bands 402-405 MHz, 863-870 MHz, 902-928 MHz, 950-958958 MHz, 2360-2400 MHz, 2400-2483.5 MHz DBPSK/DQPSK Modulation Systematic BCH code GMSK modulation for 420-450 MHz band IR-UWB PHY Non-coherent PPM DBPSK/DQPSK 250kbps~10Mbps FM-UWB CP-2FSK modulation Wideband FM modulation Orthogonal code + FSC Preamble repetition Pilot sequence 17 /57
18 /57 BAN PHY 기술소개 Narrowband Modulation Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) FSK 변조를개량한것으로가우스필터사용하여스펙트럼확산을억제하여협대역에서효율적으로사용 Differential Phase-Shift Keying (D-PSK) Symbol 간 phase 차이를이용하므로 coherent 방식보다저전력 UWB On-off signaling based modulation 저전력목표 수신부에서미리정해진 pulse 와 correlation 하는부분을없애고자설계 됨 Non-coherent Group PPM (Pulse Position Modulation)» 다수의 on-off signal 을 grouping 하고 PPM 의수신방법과유사하게수신 Differential coherent 연속된 on-off signal 의 phase 차이를이용 Pulse shape 미리규정된 power profile을만족하는형태는다가능 예시 pulse: Impulse, chaotic pulse, chirp pulse
BAN MAC 기술소개 MAC Requirement for TG6 BAN Support for multiple PHY Low power consumption Scalable data rate Scalable number of nodes in a piconet Co-existence of multiple BANs Support for emergency related functionalities 19 /57
IEEE 802.15.6 BAN 표준화 IEEE802.15.6 TG-BAN 문서작업진행방식 EFC/HBC NB UWB MAC Normative Text Present to TG6 0201 0195 0198 0196 : Document number Release to TG6 TG6 Candidate TG6 Vote TG6 Baseline 20 /57
IEEE 802.15.6 BAN 표준화진행현황 IEEE802.15.6 TG-BAN BAN Interest Group 결성 : 6/2006 PAR & 5C EC 승인 : 7/2007 현재주요논의내용 BAN Study Group 결성 : 11/2006 BAN Task Group 결성 : 11/2007 TG6-BAN Draft Baseline과 Letter Ballot 통과 2011년 7월완료 Sponsor Ballot 2011년 8월시작, 진행중 / RevCom Approval 2012년 1월완료 2011 2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1st re-circulation complete Letter Ballot 66 of draft d02 > Comment resolution, 2nd recirculation > > > Draft d03, re-circulation, Letter Ballot 71 > > > Submit for MEC (Manadatory Edit Cordination) review > Comment resolution, 3rd (4th) recirculation > > > Sponsor ballot invite (30 days) > Prepare for sponsor ballot / Seek EC Approval for sponsor ballot > Start sponsor ballot > > Comment resolution Start Sponsor Ballot > > > 1st re-circulation SB ( 11 8월 ) > > > 2nd re-circulation SB > > > Seek EC approval for RevCom > 802.15.6 규격완료 ( 12 3 월 ) 21 /57
IEEE 802.15.6 관련 기사 22 /57 삼성전자/IEEE 802.15 Reference: http://www.hankyung.com/news/app/newsview.php?aid=2012031341561 KRnet 2012
IEEE 802.15.6 관련기사 23 /57 Reference: http://www.etoday.co.kr/news/section/newsview.php?tm=news&sm=2202&idxno=556968
IEEE 802.15.7 VLC Visible Light Communication
VLC 25 /57 Reference: Boston Univ Smart Lighting Center
VLC 개요 가시광통신 (Visible Light Communication) 가시광 (Visible light) 대역의 LED(Light Emitting Diode) 또는 LD(Laser Diode) 를이용한차세대근거리통신 LED 조명을이용하여조명과통신을동시에가능하게하는통신기술 가시광이란 Wavelength between 380nm ~ 780nm 26 /57
VLC history - Photophone Bell s Photophone (1880) Optical source : sunlight Modulation : vibrating mirror Receiver : parabolic mirror Distance : 700 ft (213m) 27 /57 Excerpted from: The New Idea Self-Instructor edited by Ferdinand Ellsworth Cary, A. M. (Monarch Book Company, Chicago & Philadelphia, 1904) Reference: : http://www.freespaceoptic.com/
VLC 통신원리 가시광통신의원리 LED의점멸 or 밝기변화로 Digital 정보를송신 밝기의변화가 1 초동안 40~50 회보다빠른경우, 인간의눈으로는계속점등된것처럼보이기때문에눈에어른거리는것처럼보이지않음 LED 의특성 LED는 1초사이에수백만회이상점멸할수있음. 예 : OOK(On Off Keying), PPM(Pulse Position Modulation), NRZ(Non Return to Zero), FSK(Frequency Shift Keying) 등사용 LED 점멸 PD 수신 28 /57
VLC 통신원리 TED - The Future of Wireless Communication: Light Bulbs 29 /57 삼성전자 /IEEE 802.15 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naosp4npkgg KRnet 2012
VLC 특성 What You See is What You Send Aesthetically pleasing Intuitively communicate Visibility Security Secure communication What U see is what U send LOS, Cover the Limited Area reduce CO 2 Harmless for Human body Green IT /Infra Unregulated No regulation in optical frequency RF free / No interference Using in the restricted area (aircraft, hospital) 30 /57 Reference: UC Riverside homepage http://newsroom.ucr.edu/news_item.html?action=page&id=2135
VLC 통신, RF 통신비교 31 /57 Property VLC RF Bandwidth Unlimited, 400nm~700nm Regulatory, BW Limited EMI No High Line of Sight Yes No Standard IEEE 802.15.7, Ecma TC 47 Matured Hazard No Yes Visibility (Security) Yes No Power Consumption Relatively low Medium Distance Short Medium Visibility (Security) Yes No Infra LED Illumination i Access Point Mobility Limited Yes Coverage Narrow Wide
VLC 주요기술이슈 Link TX (Transmitter) RX (Receiver) Protocol Network Directionality Availability of LOS / NLOS Optical Channel Optical source Transmission Power Modulation Speed Eye Safety LED Array Driving Photo Detector (PD) Sensitivity Optical concentrator t Filter MAC (Protocol) Middleware Network Access Mobility Modulation Format Coding Driving Circuit Color Balancing Retro-reflector Heat Sinking Optical Antenna Driving Circuit Equalization CDR Noise Reduction PHY Bridge 32 /57
LED 조명활용시나리오 설치환경 Application Description 사무실 Visible LAN Indoor LBS (Location Based Service) Secure private LAN service 조명을이용한실내측위서비스 대형공공장소 ( 백화점, 박물관, 공항 ) Indoor LBS Guide / 정보제공 조명을이용한실내측위서비스 조명통신을이용한부가정보제공서비스 실외교통설비 ITS (Intelligent Transport Systems) LED 신호등을이용한통신 Sign board (LED 간판 ) Sign board 실내외 LED 간판을이용한정보전달 33 /57
pp g y VLC Application Category Link Application pp Mobile to Mobile Function Contents sharing Data transfer Handheld/Portable device Mobile to Fixed File transfer g Video streaming M-commerce CE, Kiosk, Printer Infra to Mobile Indoor navigation Information broadcast 34 /57 삼성전자/IEEE 802.15 KRnet 2012
Visible LAN 서비스 개요 조명 인프라를 이용한 데이터 서비스 책상 등 조명 기기를 이용한 데이터 송수신 비행기 기내에서 데이터 송수신 조명을 이용한 LAN 서비스 35 /57 삼성전자/IEEE 802.15 주요 특징 및 관련 기술 개인 조명을 통한 네트워크 서비스 Network 정합 기술 [PLC, Ethernet, etc] 필요 기내 VLC LAN 서비스 Reference: Boston Univ Smart Lighting Center KRnet 2012
Location Based Service 서비스 개요 Indoor Navigation g GPS 단점 극복 (실내, 건물밀집 지역) Indoor LBS (Location Based Information) 주변 정보 (상점 정보, 쿠폰 등 제공) Tracking system (위치 정보 제공) Location Based Information 제공 주요 특징 및 관련 기술 정확한 실내 위치 확인 가능 (오차 : < 1m) 1 ) 조명 ID + Camera (Image Sensor) 조명 ID / Address 체계 / LED Layout (Cell Planni ng) Indoor Navigation 36 /57 삼성전자/IEEE 802.15 KRnet 2012
Location Based Service Technology advantage disadvantage Error Coverage Outdoor GPS Globally working Not work in Indoor 13~20m - cellular l Installed in Smart phone Large Error 100m~ 05 0.5 ~ 2km WLAN Stable system Interference 2~10m 100m Bluetooth Low cost for install Low accuracy 2~10m 10/20/100m Indoor RFID Low cost Short working distance 5cm~5m 5 ~20m UWB High accuracy Interference with current system ~tens of meters 10 ~ 60m IR High accuracy Installation cost ~2m ~10m VLC High accuracy LED infrastructure ~2m ~10m 37 /57 Reference: Wireless positioning technology comparing and study, Telecommunications Review, SK telecom, No. 18-2
g p y ) ITS ((Intelligent Transport Systems) 서비스 개요 신호등을 통해 정보 제공 자동차 장시간 정지 시 공회전 방지 장치 주변 상점 쿠폰, 쿠폰 날씨, 날씨 교통정보 제공 LED 신호등을 이용 정보 제공 38 /57 삼성전자/IEEE 802.15 주요 특징 및 관련 기술 현재 사용되는 LED 신호등을 이용 외부 광 (노이즈) 제거 기술 ITS Scenario Concept -Intel Reference: Intel Development Forum KRnet 2012
VL-NFC 현재 NFC 문제점 Portable NFC Reader로주머니속신용카드정보습득가능 해결방안 NFC 무선통신기술을가시광통신으로대체 - 가시성 (Visibility) / LOS / 직진성 가시광 Kiosk 39 /57 Reference: http://www.markpascua.com/2008/03/19
NFC (Near Field Communication) 서비스개요 초고속대용량가시광통신 역 (Station) 등의개찰구 (e-payment) e-contents vending machine 고속송수신 Optical Antenna 주요특징및관련기술 Receiver 확산판 (for eye safety) PD Lens Acryl rod (Laser 의빛을균일하게확산 ) Transmitte r 40 /57 Laser Transmitter Reference: VLCC, NFC
Guide / Information distribution 서비스 서비스 개요 상점에서 제품 정보 제공 서비스 개별 제품 (상점) / 전시품 (박물관) / 진열품 등 의 정보를 각각 조명을 통해 제공 조명을 따라 전시장 가이드 서비스 개별 전시품 / 가이드 정보 제공 (박물관) 41 /57 삼성전자/IEEE 802.15 주요 특징 및 관련 기술 조명 별로 개별적인 정보 제공 가능 Multi color 기술을 이용 같은 조명에서 다른 정보 (ex. 다국어 지원) 제공 가능 개별 상품 (상점) 정보 제공 Reference: VLCC KRnet 2012
VLC worldwide R&D and standards status 42 /57
IEEE 802.15.7 VLC 표준화현황 주요 history IEEE 802.15 IG(Interest Group) VLC 시작 2007.11. IEEE 802.15 SG(Study Group) VLC 시작 2008.03. IEEE 802.15 TG(Task Group) VLC 시작 2009.01. 01 Application summary document 완료 2009.05. Technical Consideration Document (TCD) 완료 2009.07. TG-VLC Draft 작성완료및 Letter Ballot 통과 2010.05. 05 Sponsor Ballot 2011년 9월완료 2011.09. VLC 표준화 IG VLC 2008 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q SG VLC 2009 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q TG VLC App Matrix & TCD 2010 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q Draft Proposal & Editing Letter Ballot & Recirculation Sponsor Ballot 43 /57
VLCP (VLC & Positioning) VLCP (Visible Light Communication and Positioning) using the vehicle LED lighting to do relative TDOA(Time Difference of Arrival)ranging via amplitude sub-tone modulation. simple on/off keying pattern to measure phase difference Using an image array/lens combination to spatially separate multiple light sources 44 /57 Reference: Intel
IEEE 802.15.7 관련기사 45 /57
카시오, 스마트폰用가시광통신기술개발 위치정보와연동시킨서비스개발 8bit(256계조 ) 데이터를 RGB 3색조합을이용한점멸패턴으로변환하여전송 이러한점멸패턴을스마트폰等의카메라로검출하고그신호를복호고그신호를복호 데이터전송속도는 5bps이며, 점멸패턴은 LED 조명을이용하여발생시키거나디스플레이의화면상에표시할수있음. 카시오는이러한기술을활용한신규서비스를개발 이는가시광통신으로얻은데이터를 GPS 측위等으로취득한이용자의위치정보와결합, 서버로전송하는것임. 그러면, 해당서버는사전등록된정보를이용자의스마트폰으로전송 실내측위서비스가능 동영상 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qhxv3zixuig t / t h? hxv3 46 /57 Reference: CASIO
진행중인 IEEE 802.15 표준
IEEE 802.15.4j MBAN Medical Body Area Networks
MBAN 목적 MBAN 특징 ZigBee (802.15.4) 규격의 MBAN 대역 PHY/MAC amendment FCC(Federal Communications Commission) 에서 MBAN용대역으로승인한 2360 ~ 2400 MHz 대역을사용하는 IEEE 802.15.4 수정표준화 필립스, GE 社가주도하며, MBAN 대역을사용하는 IEEE 802.15.4 기반의 MBAN 서비스가목표 49 /57 Reference: http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/tg4j.html
2012 년 5 월 IEEE 회의 표준화현황 1 st Letter Ballot 완료후 comment resolution 진행 50 /57
IEEE 802.15.8 PAC Peer Aware Communications
PAC 특징 Peer Aware Communication (PAC) Discover information around me Without infrastructure Low power consumption High performance 52 /57 Reference: https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/dcn/11/15-11-0744-00-wng0-use-cases-and-market-potential-of-pac.pdf
Proximity-awareness Peer Awareness local people /event or location information Interest-awareness match interests for shopping, gaming, or etc Service-awareness find service identification Interface-awareness notify other communication interfaces 53 /57
PAC Application InterDigital Context-aware Peer-to-Peer Communication Social networking (Facebook friends ) Gaming (game based) Smart home (residential address) Alert (emergency) ETRI Applications in Close Proximity game, wireless display, chatting, and data sharing Applications with Location Information Route navigation in a district Narration services in a museum Experiences of sample video and audio clips in a shop Applications with Traffic Offloading Large volume of data transfers, and social network services NICT In Building Navigation Bypass independent from infrastructure Emergency connection in disasters Extension to infrastructure 54 /57 Reference: https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/dcn/12/15-12-0272-00-0008-use-cases-and-applications-for-pac.pptx t /802 /12/15 12 0272 00 0008 d ti t https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/dcn/12/15-12-0255-02-0008-response-to-the-call-for-applications.pptx https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/dcn/12/15-12-0254-00-0008-nict-fs-response-to-call-for-applications-tg-15-8-peer-aware-communications.pdf
PAC Application Peer Aware Social Networking Geo-social networking Relevant to situation/context Proximal filtering Avoid too many messages from social network Proximal search Suitable for dynamically changing proximal info. Augmented society Complementing real world Advertising platform 55 /57
2012 년 5 월 IEEE 회의 Call for application 표준화현황 삼성전자, LG 전자, InterDigital, ETRI, NICT 에서발표 향후계획 2012.09: TGD approval/call for proposal 2012.11: 11: Preliminary proposal presentation 2013. 05: PAC Framework Document/Call for contribution 2014.03: Draft spec (P802.15.8 D1.0) complete/letter Ballot 2014.05: LB Comment resolution/lb recirculation 2015.01: Sponsor Ballot 2015.07: RevCom submission 56 /57
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