한수지 49(5), , 2016 Note Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(5), ,2016 한국신안과제주연안에서모자반 (Sargassum) 유조의대량발생 황은경 이승종 1 하동수 박찬선 2 * 국립수산과학원해조류연구센터, 1 국립

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1 한수지 49(5), , 2016 Note Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(5), ,2016 한국신안과제주연안에서모자반 (Sargassum) 유조의대량발생 황은경 이승종 1 하동수 박찬선 2 * 국립수산과학원해조류연구센터, 1 국립수산과학원제주수산연구소, 2 국립목포대학교해양수산자원학과 Sargassum Golden Tides in the Shinan-gun and Jeju Island, Korea Eun Kyoung Hwang, Seung Jong Lee 1, Dong Soo Ha and Chan Sun Park 2 * Seaweed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Mokpo 58746, Korea 1 Jeju Fisheries Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63068, Korea 2 Department of Marine and Fisheries Resources, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Korea Sargassum golden tides occurred in Shinan-gun and Jeju Island, Korea, between January and May In Shinangun, 5,180 tons of Sargassum were removed from 3,339 ha of coastline, while 20,000 tons were removed from Jeju Island. The huge floating masses of seaweed caused damage to fisheries in Shinan-gun including abalone sea cage, Pyropia and Saccharina farms off the southwest coast of Korea. Drifting Sargassum also washed ashore on Jeju Island. The species of Sargassum in these golden tides was identified as S. horneri (Turner) C. Agardh, based on morphology and molecular data, and it appears to have originated from the East China Sea. This is the first report on Sargassum golden tides causing damage to fisheries in Korea. Key words: Sargassum golden tides, Drifting algae, Sargassum horneri 서론 (Genus) (Ulva) (Sargassum) (Norkko and Bonsdorff, 1996) (Cladophora) (Chaetomorpha) (Fletcher, 1996; Nelson et al., 2003), (drifting seaweeds). (cosmopolitan species), (Lapointe, 1995; Teichberg et al., 2010). (Sargassum golden tides) Smetacek and Zingone (2013), Laffoley et al. (2011) the golden floating rainforest.,, (Uwai et al., 2009). 5, km (Yoshida, 1963; Okuda, 1977), (Kingsford and Choat, 1985; Safran and Omori, 1990; Dempster and Kingsford, 2004). (Sargassum horneri),, (Yoshida, 1963; Komatsu et al., 2007). (Smetacek and Zingone, 2013). (Sargasso), , (Smetacek and Zingone, 2013) Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49(5) , October 2016 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens ( which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 6 July 2016; Revised 10 August 2016; Accepted 5 September 2016 *Corresponding author: Tel: Fax: address: cspark85@mokpo.ac.kr Copyright 2016 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 689 pissn: , eissn:

690 황은경ㆍ이승종ㆍ하동수ㆍ박찬선,., 2015,.,. 2015 1 5-10, 5 (Fig. 1). Ice box,.,. 1,,,,,. 5 30. Kang (1968) Boo et al. (2010).,,,,,,,. (one-way ANO- VA), SPSS ver 8.0 SYSTAT ver 9.0 0.01. 3 2 Fig. 1. A map showing the sampling sites at Shinan-gun (A: Jeungdo, B: Jido, C: Heugsando) and Jeju Island (D: Gonae, E: Gumreung), Korea.

2 690 황은경ㆍ이승종ㆍ하동수ㆍ박찬선,., 2015,., , 5 (Fig. 1). Ice box,.,. 1,,,,, Kang (1968) Boo et al. (2010).,,,,,,,. (one-way ANO- VA), SPSS ver 8.0 SYSTAT ver Fig. 1. A map showing the sampling sites at Shinan-gun (A: Jeungdo, B: Jido, C: Heugsando) and Jeju Island (D: Gonae, E: Gumreung), Korea. Closed circles represent the places where the drifting Sargassum horneri collected in cm, cm, cm.,.,.. (Kang, 1968; Boo et al., 2010) ( ) [Sargassum horneri (Turner) C. Agardh] (Fig. 2), , , 2-5,. Kim (2015) 4 7. Komatsu et al. (2007), Mizuno et al. (2014) 26 30,. 2015,. 3,339 ha, 5,180 ( ),., (Fig. 2C),. 30% ( )., ( ) (12 3 )., (Fig. 2D).,

모자반유조의대량발생 691 Fig. 2. Morphological character (A, B) and damages by drifting Sargassum horner in Shinan-gun (C-F) and Jeju Island (G, H), Korea in January 2015.

3 모자반유조의대량발생 691 Fig. 2. Morphological character (A, B) and damages by drifting Sargassum horner in Shinan-gun (C-F) and Jeju Island (G, H), Korea in January A: Airbladder (arrowhead) with terete and coronal leaf. B: Angulated stipe (arrowhead) with longitudinal furrows. C: S. horneri attached to Pyropia net in the floating culture system. D: S. horneri attached to the fixing pole and Pyropia net in the fixing pole culture system. E: Saccharina culture rope ruined with scrubbing S. horneri. F: Abalone culture cage covered with floating S. horneri. G: Drifting S. horneri lay down to the beach and rotted. H: Fisheries harbor covered with S. horneri. Scale bars indicate 1 cm (A) and 5 mm (B).

4 692 황은경ㆍ이승종ㆍ하동수ㆍ박찬선,,. (culture rope), (Fig. 2E).,,,. (Fig. 2F).,,.,,.. (Fig. 2G) 2 ( )., (Fig. 2H).,., ( ). (Komatsu et al., 2007),,., (offshore) (Mizuno et al., 2014),,,,,,, (Williams and Feagin, 2010). (Fletcher, 1996; Valiela et al., 1997) (Ha et al., 2016), (Smetacek and Zingone, 2013).,,.. 사사 2016 (R ),.. References Boo SM, Lee WJ, Hwang IK, Keum YS, Oak JH and Cho GY Algal flora of Korea. Vol 2 Marine brown algae II. National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Korea, 203 pp. Dempster T and Kingsford MJ Drifting objects as habitat for pelagic juvenile fish off New South Wales, Australia. Mar Freshw Res 55, MF Fletcher RL The occurrence of Green Tides - a review. In: Recent changes and the effects of eutrophication. Schramm W and Nienhuis PH, eds. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, Germany, Ha DS, Yoo HI, Chang SJ and Hwang EK Bloom of a filamentous green alga, Cladophora vadorum (Areschoug) Kützing and nutrient levels at Shangrok beach, Buan, Korea. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 49, org/ /kfas Kang JW Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea, Vol 8 Marine algae, 465pp. Kim NG Effects of temperature, photon irradiance, and photoperiod on the growth of embryos of Sargassum horneri in laboratory culture. Korean J Fish Aquat Sci 48, Kingsford MJ and Choat JH The fauna associated with drift algae captured with a plankton-mesh purse seine net. Limnol Oceanogr 30, Komatsu T, Tatsukawa K, Filippi JB, Sagawa T, Matsubaga D, Mikami A, Ishida K, Ajisaka T, Tanaka K, Aoki M, Wang W-D, Liu H-F, Zhang S-D, Zhou M-D and Sugimoto T Distribution of drifting seaweeds in eastern East Chi-

5 모자반유조의대량발생 693 na Sea. J Mar Syst 67, jmarsys Laffoley DA, Roe HSJ, Angel MV, Ardron J, Bates NR, Boyd IL, Brooke S, Buck KN, Carlson CA, Causey B, Conte MH, Christiansen S, Cleary J, Donnelly J, Earle SA, Edwards R, Gjerde KM, Giovannoni SJ, Gulick S, Gollock M, Hallett J, Halpin P, Hanel R, Hemphill A, Johnson RJ, Knap AH, Lomas MW, McKenna SA, Miller MJ, Miller PI, Ming FW, Moffitt R, Nelson NV, Parson L, Peters AJ, Pitt J, Rouja P, Roberts J, Roberts J, Seigel DA, Siuda ANS, Steinberg DK, Stevenson A, Sumaila VR, Swartz W, Thorrold S, Trott TM and Vats V The protection and management of the Sargasso Sea: The golden floating rainforest of the Atrantic Ocean. Summary science and supporting evidence case. Sargasso Sea Aliance, Lapointe BE A comparison of nutrient-limited productivity in Sargassum natans from neritic vs. oceanic waters of the western North Atlantic Ocean. Limnol Oceanogr 40, Mizuno S, Ajisaka T, Lahbib S, Kokubu Y, Alabsi MN and Komatsu T Spatial distributions of floating seaweeds in the East China Sea from late winter to early spring. J Appl Phycol 26, Nelson TA, Nelson AV, Ribarich H and Tjoelker M Seasonal patterns in ulvoid algal biomass, productivity, and key environmental factors in the Northeast Pacific. Bot Mar 46, Norkko A and Bonsdorff E Population responses of coastal zoobenthos to stress induced by drifting algal mats. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 140, Okuda T Sargassum filicinum; its new findings in sexuality and distribution around Japan. Bull Jap Soc Phycol 25, Safran P and Omori M Some ecological observations on fishes associated with drifting seaweed off Tohoku coast, Japan. Mar Biol 105, Smetacek V and Zingone A Green and golden seaweed tides on the rise. Nature 504, org/ /nature Teichberg M, Fox SE, Olsen YS, Valiela I, Martinetto P, Iribarne O, Muto EY, Petti MAV, Corbisier TN, Soto-Jimenez M, Paez-Osuna F, Castro P, Freitas H, Zitelli A, Cardinaletti M and Tagliapietra D Eutrophication and macroalgal blooms in temperate and tropical coastal waters: nutrient enrichment experiments with Ulva spp. Glob Change Biol 16, /j Uwai S, Kogame K, Yoshida G, Kawai H and Ajisaka T Geographical genetic structure and phylogeography of the Sargassum horneri/filicinum complex in Japan, based on the mitochondrial cox3 haplotype. Mar Biol 156, Valiela I, McClelland J, Hauxwell J, Behr PJ, Hersh D and Foreman K Macroalgal blooms in shallow estuaries: Controls and ecophysiological and ecosystem consequences. Limnol Oceanogr 42, Williams A and Feagin R Sargassum as a natural solution to enhance dune plant growth. Environment Managem 46, Yoshida T Studies on the distribution and drift of the floating seaweeds. Bull Tohoku Reg Fish Lab 23,

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