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(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 3, 2016 5 (JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2016.21.3.436 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) MMT MPEG-2 TS a), a) An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services MinKyu Park a) and Yong Han Kim a) MMT(MPEG Media Transport) MPEG-2 TS(Transport Stream) (overhead). MPEG-2 TS DTV(Digital Television), IPTV(Internet Protocol Television), DMB(Digital Multimedia Broadcasting). MPEG-2 TS 1990, 20 MPEG-2 TS., 2014 MPEG(ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 29/WG 11) MPEG-2 TS MMT., MMT MPEG-2 TS.,,. Abstract This paper compares the transport overhead of MMT (MPEG Media Transport) with that of MPEG-2 TS (Transport Stream). MPEG-2 TS is globally used in multiplexing compressed audio and video data in digital broadcast industry, including areas of DTV (Digital Television), IPTV (Internet Protocol Television), and DMB (Digital Multimedia Broadcasting). It was the early 1990s when MPEG-2 TS standard was established. After more than two decades of years since its first establishment, many parts of MPEG-2 TS turned out to be inappropriate to today s broadcast and communication environment. Given the situations, in 2014 MPEG (ISO/IEC JTC 1 SC 29/WG 11) standardized MMT as the next-generation multimedia transport standard hopefully that can replace MPEG-2 TS. In this paper, with assumptions of broadcast service scenarios we applied both MMT and MPEG-2 TS to each scenario and we calculated their transport overheads. We used a software program that counts the transport overhead, which was developed in our laboratory for this paper. And we conducted a comparative analysis based on the calculated result of transport overhead. Keywords: MMT, MPEG-2 TS, transport overhead, DTV, IPTV a) (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Seoul) Corresponding Author : (Yong Han Kim) E-mail: yhkim@uos.ac.kr Tel: +82-2-6490-2330 ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9470-6060 Manuscript received May 4, 2016; Revised May 16, 2016; Accepted May 16, 2016.

1 : MMT MPEG-2 TS (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services). MPEG-2 TS(Transport Stream) MPEG-2 (Part) [1],,, AV(Audio-Visual), (bitstream) MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group). MPEG-2 TS 20,. IP(Internet Protocol),,,, UHD(Ultra High Definition). MPEG-2 TS 188., MPEG 2009 AV (format), 2014 ISO/IEC 20008-1(MPEG-H Part 1: MPEG media transport, MMT) [2]. MMT IP IP,. MMT [3]~[5]. MPEG-2 TS 188, MMT MTU(Maximum Transmission Unit) MMTP(MMT Protocol). MMTP MPEG-2 TS MMT MPEG-2 TS. MPEG-2 TS MMT. MPEG-2 TS TS (sync byte) (framing), MMT UDP/IP. MMT MPEG-2 TS. MMT IP,. MMT MMTP ISOBMFF(ISO Base Media File Format) [6] (encapsulation). ISOBMFF (metadata), MMT (cache),..,,, MMT MPEG-2 TS.. MPEG-2 TS MMTP MPEG-2 TS MMT,., HDTV MPEG-2 TS, MPEG-2 TS. MPEG-2 TS MMTP.

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016). 2 MMTP, 3 MPEG-2 TS. 4 MMTP, 5. 6.. MMTP, HDTV 4 28 MPEG-2 TS, ES (Elemantry Stream). MPEG-2 TS MMTP, MPEG-2 TS 4 28. MPEG-2 TS PSI(Program Specific Information) PSIP(Pro- gram and System Information Protocol, ATSC A/65 [7] ) (signalling). PSIP MMT,, MMTP., MMTP,,. < 1> MPU(Media Process Unit), < 2> MPU MMTP (payload). MMT MPU ISOBMFF, MPU MMTP. MPU < 2> MPU (MPU metadata), (fragment metadata), MFU(Media Fragment 1. MPU Fig 1. The structure of MPU Unit) 3 (data unit), MMTP. MPU MPU MFU, MFU MMTP MFU. moof mdat (, ). MFU (hint sample).,,,. MFU, MMT (hint track)., MMT MPU MFU MMT, MPU MPU

1 : MMT MPEG-2 TS (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services) 2. MPU MMTP Fig 2. The method of loading an MPU as MMTP payloads MMTP. MPEG- 2 TS PES(Packetized Elementary Stream), MPU. MMT MPU MPEG-2 TS. MPU MPU MMTP MMT [2] ISOBMFF [6] [3]~[5]. MPU GOP(Group of Picture). MPU GOP MPU. MMTP MPU I (Intra frame), MPEG-2 TS GOP 15 GOP MPU. MPU MPU 0.5. 3. [2] Fig 3. Structure of the signalling messages and tables for Package consumption [2]

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) MMT (signaling message). < 3>. PA(Package Access), MPI(Media Presentation Information), MP(MMT Package), DCI(Device Capability Information), CRI(Clock Relation Information), PA, MPI, MP, DCI, CRI.,. (scalable transport), MPI MP.,. PA. MPI HTML5.0 MPEG CI(Composition Information) [8]. MP, MPEG-2 TS (Program Map Table, PMT). DCI. CRI NTP(Network Time Protocol) (timestamp) MPEG-2. CRI MPEG-2 TS AV ES MMT (asset). (package acquisition delay), PA MPI. MMT, PA., MPI MP MPI,.,. MMTP,,, PA. DTV [9] PMT 0.4 4. [10] MMT Fig 4. The structure of the MMT client developed in [10]

박민규 외 1인: 방송 서비스에서 MMT와 MPEG-2 TS의 오버헤드 비교 (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services) 441 그림 5. [10]에서 개발된 MMT 클라이언트를 이용한, 본 논문에서 생성한 MMTP 스트림에 대한 검증 실험 Fig 5. Verification experiment of the generated MMTP stream using the MMT client developed in [10] 순 에, 제작한 MMTP 스트림에서도 공정한 오버헤드 비교를 단 하게 정의하였는데, 각 패킷을 저장하기 위해 PA 메시지의 킷의 바이트 길이를 주기를 0.4초로 하였다. MMT는 화면 구성 정보를 MPI 테이블에 포함하여 전송하는데, 본 논문 에서 제작한 MMTP 스트림의 MPI 테이블 내에는 화면 구 성을 위해 비디오와 오디오 하나씩만을 서비스할 수 있는 기본적인 내용의 HTML5와 MPEG CI를 포함시켰다. 이 화면 구성 정보는 MPEG-2 TS에서는 지원하지 않기 때문 불리하게 작용한다. MMTP 패킷의 최대 크기는 MTU 크기가 허용되는 만큼 에, 오버헤드 비교 시 MMT에 직전 해당 패 먼저 저장하도록 하였다. 자세한 내용 에 대해서는 [10]을 참조하도록 한다. <그림 5>는 이 클라 이언트를 활용한 검증 화면에 대한 화면 캡처이다. Ⅲ. 녹화한 MPEG-2 TS의 전달 오버헤드 계산 까지 설정할 수 있다. 이 MTU의 크기는 이더넷(Ethernet) MPEG-2 TS는 188바이트의 고정 길이 패킷을 사용하며, 에서는 1,492바이트 또는 1,500바이트로 정의되어 있으며, 기본적으로 4바이트의 TS 헤더(header)와 보통 184바이트 본 논문에서는 MTU 크기를 1,500바이트로 가정하여 의 유 부하로 구성되지만, 가변길이 확장 헤더인 적응 필 MMTP 스트림을 제작하였다. 제작한 MMTP 스트림에 대 드(adaptation field)가 검증을 위해, 자체적으로 개발한 MMT 클라이언트 프로 램 클라이언트 프로그램의 구조도를 나타낸다. 본 논문에서는 <그림 4>에 표현된 MMT 클라이언트의 기능 중, 파일 형태로 저장된 MMTP 스트림으로부터 미디어를 읽어 재생하는 기능을 활 한 그 을 이용하였다. <그림 4>는 이러한 MMT 용하였다. MMTP 스트림을 저장하는 파일의 포맷은 매우 료 추가된 TS 패킷의 경우에는 그 만큼 유료부하의 크기가 줄어든다. 유료부하에는 압축된 미디어 데이터를 포함하는 PES 데이터 또는 시그널링 정보를 포함 테이블이 포함된 섹션(section) 데이터 중 한 가지가 포함될 수 있다. PES 패킷에는 PES 패킷 헤더와 불특정 크기로 나누어진 ES 데이터가 유료부하로서 포함된다. MPEG-2 TS에는 프로그램 연결 테이블(Program Associa하는

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) tion Table, PAT) PMT,. MPEG-2 TS ATSC DVB(Digital Video Broadcasting). MPEG-2 TS, (null).. MPEG-2 TS 188.. MPEG-2 TS MMTP MPEG-2 TS, PSIP.. MMT, MPEG-2 TS PAT,. < 1> MPEG-2 TS. < 1>. MPEG-2 TS PES TS, TS PES TS., MPEG-2 TS, (stuffing), TS 188. TS. < 1> TS. MPEG-2 TS PAT PMT TS, PAT PMT 5.72 x 10 3 2.14 x 10 3 < 1>., MPEG-2 TS, PAT PMT, (program acquisition delay). MPEG-2 TS AV 1 1 PMT PAT AV 1 PAT PMT 2. MMTP PAT PMT 0.4, PAT PMT, MPEG-2 TS 1. MPEG-2 TS Table 1. The result of recorded MPEG-2 TS analysis PMT Video Audio Total TS packet count (packets) 6.70 x 10 2 3.17 x 10 6 7.00 x 10 4 3.24 x 10 6 Sum of TS packet size (bytes) Sum of ES data size (bytes) Sum of TS packet header size (bytes) PES header size (bytes) Sum of overhead data size (bytes) 1.26 x 10 5 (0.021%) 1.26 x 10 5 (0.021%) 5.96 x 10 8 (97.818%) 5.83 x 10 8 (95.690%) 1.27 x 10 7 (2.091%) 2.25 x 10 5 (0.037%) 1.30 x 10 7 (2.128%) 1.32 x 10 7 (2.161%) 1.29 x 10 7 (2.110%) 2.80 x 10 5 (0.046%) 3.50 x 10 4 (0.006%) 3.15 x 10 5 (0.052%) 6.09 x 10 8 (100.00%) 5.96 x 10 8 (97.779%) 1.30 x 10 7 (2.137%) 2.60 x 10 5 (0.043%) 1.34 x 10 7 (2.201%)

1 : MMT MPEG-2 TS (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services) < 1>. < 1> TS 4, PCR(Program Clock Referen- ce). MPEG-2 TS. MPEG-2 TS 3.24 x 10 6 ( PMT, Video, Audio ), 6.09 x 10 8. ES 5.96 x 10 8, (, ) 1.34 x 10 8. MPEG-2 TS ES 2.201%.. MPEG-2 TS. 전달오버헤드전달을위해추가되는바이트수 비디오및오디오 ES의바이트수. MMTP II MMTP MTU, 1,492 1,500. 1,500 MTU MMTP. MMTP MTU 1,500 IP (20 ) UDP(User Data- gram Protocol) (8 ) 1,472. < 2> < 3> MTU 1,500 ( MMTP 1,472 ),, MPEG-2 TS ES MMTP,. MMT MMTP MMTP. MMTP (full size header), (compressed header).. MMTP MMTP ID. MMT 256. < 2> MMTP, < 3>. MMTP 1 2. < 2> < 3> MMTP MPU, II MPU,, MFU, MFU. MMTP, MPEG-2 TS, PA 0.4. < 2> MMTP MMTP 4.26 x 10 5, 6.08 x 10 8. ES 5.95 x 10 8, (PA,,, ES ) 1.31 x 10 7. MPEG-2 TS MMTP. MPU MFU I

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) 2. MMTP (MTU : 1,500, MMTP, 1) Table 2. The result of MMTP stream analysis (MTU: 1,500 bytes, MMTP header compression not used, Version1) PA Message Video Audio Total MMTP packet count (packets) 6.72 x 10 2 4.07 x 10 5 1.78 x 10 4 4.26 x 10 5 Sum of MMTP packet size (bytes) Sum of ES data size (bytes) Sum of MMTP packet header size (bytes) Sum of MMTP payload header size (bytes) Sum of MPU metadata size (bytes) Sum of fragment metadata size (bytes) Sum of data unit header size for MFU (bytes) Sum of hint sample data size (bytes) Sum of overhead data size (bytes) 6.77 x 10 5 (0.111%) 6.77 x 10 5 (0.111%) 5.93 x 10 8 (97.541%) 5.82 x 10 8 (95.732%) 6.52 x 10 6 (1.072%) 3.26 x 10 6 (0.536%) 6.85 x 10 5 (0.113%) 1.52 x 10 5 (0.025%) 1.12 x 10 5 (0.018%) 2.72 x 10 5 (0.045%) 1.10 x 10 7 (1.809%) 1.43 x 10 7 (2.348%) 1.29 x 10 7 (2.113%) 2.84 x 10 5 (0.047%) 1.42 x 10 5 (0.023%) 5.38 x 10 5 (0.089%) 5.65 x 10 4 (0.009%) 1.17 x 10 5 (0.019%) 2.84 x 10 5 (0.047%) 1.42 x 10 6 (0.234%) 6.08 x 10 8 (100%) 5.95 x 10 8 (97.846%) 6.80 x 10 6 (1.119%) 3.40 x 10 6 (0.559%) 1.22 x 10 6 (0.201%) 2.08 x 10 5 (0.034%) 2.29 x 10 5 (0.038%) 5.57 x 10 5 (0.092%) 1.31 x 10 7 (2.154%). MPEG-2 TS, I MPU. MPU, AV MPEG-2 TS. < 1> MPEG-2 TS PAT PMT GOP PAT PMT GOP ES. < 2> < 3> 3. MMTP (MTU : 1,500, MMTP, 2) Table 3. The result of MMTP stream analysis (MTU: 1,500 bytes, MMTP header compression used, Version2) PA Message Video Audio Total MMTP packet count (packets) 6.72 x 10 2 4.06 x 10 5 1.78 x 10 4 4.24 x 10 5 Sum of MMTP packet size (bytes) Sum of ES data size (bytes) Sum of MMTP packet header size (bytes) Sum of MMTP payload header size (bytes) Sum of MPU metadata size (bytes) Sum of fragment metadata size (bytes) Sum of data unit header size for MFU (bytes) Sum of hint sample data size (bytes) Sum of overhead data size (bytes) 6.77 x 10 5 (0.112%) 6.77 x 10 5 (0.112%) 5.91 x 10 8 (97.548%) 5.82 x 10 8 (96.137%) 4.07 x 10 6 (0.673%) 3.25 x 10 6 (0.536%) 6.85 x 10 5 (0.113%) 1.52 x 10 5 (0.025%) 1.12 x 10 5 (0.019%) 2.72 x 10 5 (0.045%) 8.54 x 10 6 (1.410%) 1.41 x 10 7 (2.341%) 1.29 x 10 7 (2.122%) 1.82 x 10 5 (0.030%) 1.42 x 10 5 (0.023%) 5.38 x 10 5 (0.089%) 5.65 x 10 4 (0.009%) 1.17 x 10 5 (0.019%) 2.84 x 10 5 (0.047%) 1.32 x 10 6 (0.218%) 6.06 x 10 8 (100.000%) 5.95 x 10 8 (98.260%) 4.26 x 10 6 (0.703%) 3.39 x 10 6 (0.559%) 1.22 x 10 6 (0.202%) 2.08 x 10 5 (0.034%) 2.29 x 10 5 (0.038%) 5.57 x 10 5 (0.092%) 1.05 x 10 7 (1.740%)

1 : MMT MPEG-2 TS (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services) MMTP. 1 MMTP MMTP 2.154%.. 전달오버헤드전달을위해추가되는바이트수 비디오및오디오 ES의바이트수 < 3> MMTP 2. PA MMTP 0.4 PA. MPU MMTP. < 3>, MMTP 4.24 x 10 5, 6.06 x 10 8. < 2>, MMTP MMTP MMTP, ES, MMTP. MMTP < 2>. ES 1 5.95 x 10 8, 1.05 x 10 7. 2 MMTP MMTP 1.740%.. 전달오버헤드전달을위해추가되는바이트수 오디오및비디오 ES의바이트수, < 3> < 2>, MPU,, MFU,, MMTP MMTP MMTP. MMTP, MMTP. MMTP. < 3> 2 < 2> 1, 1 2.202% 2 1.771% 0.431% MMTP. MMTP.,.,,. < 2> < 3> UDP/IP, MPEG-2 TS. MPEG-2 TS.. IPTV(Internet Protocol Television) HDTV MPEG-2 TS MMTP.

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) 1. IPTV < 4> IPTV (stack). [11] IPTV MPEG-2 TS MPEG-2 TS UDP RTP(Real-time Transport Protocol) DVB-IPI [12] 7.1., MPEG-2 TS RTP UDP QoS(Quality of Service) (managed network). IPTV MPEG- 2 TS, MPEG-2 TS. DVB-IPI MPEG-2 TS RTP/UDP/IP < 5>. RTP UDP TS. IPTV, MPEG-2 TS. MTU 1,492 1,500, IP MPEG-2 TS 7 (40 + 7 x 188 = 1,356 ). MPEG-2 TS RTP/UDP/IP IP III MPEG-2 TS 4.63 x 10 5 ( 3.24 x 10 5 7 1 ). RTP/UDP/IP 1.85 x 10 7 ( 4.63 x 10 5 x 40 )., UDP/IP 4. IPTV [11] Fig 4. Transport Protocol Stack in IPTV [11] 5. RTP (IPv4) [12] Fig 5. Minimal packet format (IPv4) for RTP encapsulation [12]

1 : MMT MPEG-2 TS (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services) 1.30 x 10 7 ( 4.63 x 10 5 x 28 ). MPEG-2 TS III, MPEG-2 TS 1.34 x 10 7 1.30 x 10 7 (UDP/IP ) 1.85 x 10 7 (RTP/UDP/IP ). 2.64 x 10 7 (UDP/IP ) 3.19 x 10 8 (RTP/UDP/IP ). IPTV, MPEG-2 TS 4.426%(UDP/IP ) 5.357% (RTP/UDP/IP ). IPTV MMT, MPEG-2 TS UDP/IP IV. MMTP IPTV. MMTP UDP/IP MMTP UDP/IP MMTP UDP/IP (28 ). MMTP UDP/IP 2.50 x 10 7 ( 1), 2.24 x 10 7 ( 2). IPTV MMTP 4.206%( 1), 3.767%( 2). < 4> MPEG-2 TS MMTP IPTV. IPTV MMT MPEG-2 TS MMTP. [13] IP, MPEG-2 TS, 4 TS,. 2. HDTV HDTV MPEG-2 TS MPEG-2 TS. HDTV MPEG-2 TS MMTP, MMTP UDP/IP. HDTV MMTP MPEG-2 TS. IP, %. HDTV MMTP V 1 IPTV %. III IV 4. IPTV, MPEG-2 TS MMTP Table 4. The result of transport overhead comparison between MPEG-2 TS and MMTP in IPTV Transport overhead MPEG-2 TS/UDP/IP 4.426% MPEG-2 TS/RTP/UDP/IP 5.337% MMTP/UDP/IP (MTU: 1,500 bytes, uncompressed header, Version1) 4.206% MMTP/UDP/IP (MTU: 1,500 bytes, compressed header, Version2) 3.767%

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) MPEG-2 TS MMTP, MMTP MPEG-2 TS., MPEG-2 TS MMTP, PCR, IP IBB(Integra-ted Broadcast Broadband). MMT, AV (wall clock) NTP,. IPTV NTP MMT.. MMT MPEG-2 TS. HDTV MPEG-2 TS, MMTP, MPEG-2 TS MMTP.., IPTV HDTV MPEG-2 TS MMTP. MPEG-2 TS MMTP ISOBMFF, MPEG-2 TS 188 MTU (1,500 )., UDP/IP 1 1 1 MPEG-2 TS 2.25%, MMTP MMTP 2.20%, MMTP MMTP, 1.77%, MMTP MPEG-2 TS., MMTP MPEG-2 TS UDP/IP, IP. MPEG-2 TS MMTP IPTV, MMTP MPEG-2 TS, HDTV. (References) [1] ISO/IEC 13818-1, Information technology Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: Systems, Third Edition, Int l Organization for Standardization, 2007. [2] ISO/IEC 23008-1, Information technology High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments - Part 1: MPEG Media Transport, Int l Organization for Standardization, 2014. [3] K. Park, Y. Lim, D. Suh, Delivery of ATSC 3.0 Services With MPEG Media Transport Standard Considering Redistribution in MPEG-2 TS Format, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 338 351, Mar. 2016. [4] Y. Lim, S. Aoki, I. Bouazizi, and J. Song, New MPEG Transport Standard for Next Generation Hybrid Broadcasting System with IP, IEEE Trans. on Broadcasting, vol. 60, no. 2, pp. 160-169, June 2014. [5] K. Park, Y. Lim, D. Suh, Delivery of ATSC 3.0 Services With MPEG Media Transport Standard Considering Redistribution in MPEG-2 TS Format, IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 338

박민규 외 1인: 방송 서비스에서 MMT와 MPEG-2 TS의 오버헤드 비교 (MinKyu Park et al.: An Overhead Comparison of MMT and MPEG-2 TS in Broadcast Services) [6] [7] [8] [9] 351, Mar. 2016. ISO/IEC 14496-12, Information technology - Coding of audio-visual objects - Part 12: ISO Base Media File Format, Int l Organization for Standardization, 2012. ATSC Standard, Document A/65, Program and System Information Protocol for Terrestrial Broadcast and Cable, Advanced Television Systems Committee, 2013. ISO/IEC 23008-11, Information technology High efficiency coding and media delivery in heterogeneous environments - Part 11: MPEG Media Transport Composition Information, Int l Organization for Standardization, 2015. TTAK.KO-07.0014/R4, Standard of Transmission and Reception for Digital Terrestrial Television Broadcasting, Telecommunications Technology Association, 2012. 박민규 년 2월 : 서울시립대학교 공과대학 전자전기컴퓨터공학부 졸업 (공학사) 년 2월 : 서울시립대학교 대학원 전자전기컴퓨터공학과 졸업 (공학석사) 년 2월 ~ 현재 : 서울시립대학교 대학원 전자전기컴퓨터공학과 박사과정 재학 중 : http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9254-9735 주관심분야 : 모바일방송, MPEG, 멀티미디어 시스템 2010 2012 2012 ORCID 김용한 - 년 2월 : 서울대학교 제어계측공학과 (공학사) 년 2월 : 서울대학교 대학원 제어계측공학과 (공학석사) 년 12월 : 미국 렌슬리어공대(Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, RPI) 전기컴퓨터시스템공학과 (Ph.D) 년 3월 ~ 1996년 3월 : 한국전자통신연구원 책임연구원(최종) 년 10월 ~ 1992년 9월 : 일본 NTT 휴먼인터페이스연구소 객원연구원 년 3월 ~ 현재 : 서울시립대학교 전자전기컴퓨터공학부 교수 년 1월 ~ 현재 : 한국방송 미디어공학회 수석부회장 년 5월 ~ 2013년 12월 : 차세대방송표준포럼 DMB분과위원회 위원장 년 1월 ~ 현재 : 차세대방송표준포럼 의장 년 1월 ~ 현재 : MPEG포럼 운영위원 (현재: 시스템분과위원장) : http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9470-6060 주관심분야 : 영상통신, 디지털 방송, 멀티미디어 부호화 및 전송 1982 1984 1990 1984 1991 1996 2012 2002 2014 2000 ORCID 9 [10] J. Jeong, An implementation of Internet multimedia streaming by MMTP, Masters Thesis, University of Seoul, 2015. [11] TTAK.KO-08.0012/R2, IPTV Middleware (ICSP: IPTV Convergence Service Platform), Telecommunications Technology Association, 2010. [12] ETSI TS 102 034, Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Transport of MPEG-2 TS Based DVB Services over IP Based Networks, European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 2014. [13] A. MacAulay, B. Felts, Y. Fisher, Envivio WHITE PAPER IP Streaming of MPEG-4: Native RTP vs MPEG-2 Transport Stream, http://pdf.textfiles.com/manuals/starinmanuals/envivio /Manual/White%20Paper%20-%20IP%20Streaming%20of%20MPE G-4%20-%20Native%20RTP%20vs%20MPEG-2%20Transport%20 Stream.pdf, Oct. 2005. 저자소개 - 44