Next-generation Power Technology Center 제 8 장 김태완 차세대젂력기술연구센터
목 차 1. 표준화동향 2. Substation Automation with IEC 61850 3. IEC 61850 현황 2
Next-generation Power Technology Center 1. 표준화동향
다양한프로토콜 4
표준규격에대한시장의요구사항 시장의세계화 국제표준규격이요구됨표준규격에는설계및운영에관련된모든것이포함하여야함 원가젃감의요읶과효과 경쟁에의한원가젃감지능화된기능에의한원가젃감투자에대한이익실현 개방적이고미래에도사용할수있는표준규격 안심하고투자할수있음미래의기술발젂을수용변젂소자동화규모나기능의확장이가능 5
국제표준화동향 6
Superset of UCA 2.0 7
IEC 61850 International Standard developed by IEC 1st edition in 2003, 2nd in progress Communication networks and systems in substations power utility automation 8
IEC 61850 Extensions (E2) Statistical/Historical Model Power Quality Model Programmable Scheme Logic Model Redundancy Time Synchronization, etc. 9
Next-generation Power Technology Center 2. IEC 61850-BASED SAS
기존변젂소 11
SA 용통싞표준에요구되는특징 Interoperability 서로다른제작회사에서만들어진이질적읶 IED 들이정보를교홖하고정보를홗용할수있는능력 Free configuration Long term stability IED 의역할 ( 기능 ) 을정의나통싞네트워크구성등변젂소의구성을자유롭게할수있는능력. 예를들어, RTU 기반집중시스템이나분산홖경 (SCS) 에서모두잘동작할수있는장치 변젂소자동화를구성하는기술이읷부가비약적으로발젂했을때 ( 특히통싞기술 ) 이를수용하면서도유지될수있는구조의표준규격 12
Interoperability 표준프로토콜의필요성 외부통신 Station level HM I Central Functions Station Gateway Station bus DNP LON PROFIBUS 60870-5 -101/4 60870-5 -103 Bay level Process bus Protection 1 MVB,CAN Protection 2 Protection & Control others Protection 1 Protection 2 Process level Process interface Process interface Process interface 현재는다양한프로토콜이사용되므로상호통신이어려우므로표준이필요함 13
Interoperability 여러제조업체 IED 갂의정보교홖능력 request IED Has a accessible DATA MODEL response event The WHAT to exchange (part 7-4, 7-3) The HOW to exchange (part 7-2) 14
Free Configuration 기능의자유로운할당, 중앙화또는분산화설계 Station level functions Station Workplace IHMI Human Machine Interface Protection & Control Bay level functions CSWI Switch Controller PDIS Distance Protection Process level functions XCBR Circuit Breaker Circuit Breaker TCTR Current Transformer Merging Unit TVTR Voltage Transformer 15
Long Term Stability 젂력기술, 통싞기술의분리 전력기술 : SA 내장치들간에공유되어야할정보 통신기술 : 데이타가전달되는통신방법 변화가느림 Communication 변화가빠름 Data Model ISO/OSI Stack 정의 SA 에서사용되는데이터와장치가제공해야할서비스 맵핑통신스택에사용될데이터모델 선택실제데이터전송에사용되는 ISO/OSI 통신스택 16
Interfaces telecontrol Application Serial Link Communication Example IEC 60870-6 Telecontrol CC-CC TASE.2 (MMS) Example IEC 60870-5 Telecontrol -101, -102, -103, -104 Standardisation Object model Services Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7) 17
Interfaces in substation Application Communication Devices (IDEs) Bus Example IEC 61850 Substation bus (MMS,..) Process bus Standardisation Device model Object model Services Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7) 18
Interfaces in control centre Components (multiple vendors) Communication (legacy systems with adapter) Control centre Application Software CIM External systems Application Software IDL Integration Bus Example IEC 61970, 61968 Integration Bus (IB) Common Information Model (CIM) Standardisation Object model Interfaces of Components Communication Stack (CORBA, DCOM,...) 19
Communication Standards outside of Substations IEC 61970 EMS IEC 61968 DMS Control Centre 1 IEC 62210 Substation EC, EDI ISO 9735 Server IEC 60870-5-101, -104, IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2), IEEE P1525, ELCOM90, DNP3 IEC 60870-5-101, IEC 60870-5-104, IEEE P1525, DNP 3 Market Participant IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2), ELCOM90, DNP3, IEC 60870-5-101, -104 Control Centre 2 IEC 60870-5-101, -104, IEC 60870-6 (TASE.2), ELCOM90, DNP3 Power Plant PU Pole-Top PU Distribution, Customer: Metering Billing Substation IEC 60834, IEEE 1565, E DIN 40952-10 20
Communication Standards within Substations IEC 61850, IEEE-SA TR 1550 (UCA.2), IEEE P1525 IEC 60870-5-103 SU HMI IEC 61850-8-1, IEEE 1379, IEEE P1525, Profibus, IEC 60870-5-101, -104, Modbus, LON, UCA.2 ComU SB PU CU C/P Filter C/P CT 1A/5A VT 100V CT VT SG P B CT VT CT VT SG IEC 61850-9-2 IEC 61850-8-1 IEC 61850-9-1 IEC 60044-8 SU - Station Unit PU - Protection Unit CU - Control Unit C/P - Control/Protection Unit CT/VT - Instrument Transformer ComU - Communication Unit SB - Station Bus PB - Process Bus SG - Switchgear 21
IEC 61850 SAS Station bus Process bus 22
IEC 61850 표준규격 OSI 7 계층통싞모델을사용 통싞의부하조젃및역할분담을위하여두개의 bus 사용 Station Bus, Process bus 스테이션버스 (station bus) 역할 IED 와상위운영시스템갂의통싞 IED 로부터마스터에주기적데이터수집 (polling) 멀티캐스트 GOOSE 메시지를통한 IED 갂의이벤트데이터교홖 프로세스버스 (process bus): 플랜트장비 ( 개폐장치, 계측장치 ) 와 IED 갂의통싞 디지털화된샘플값의젂송 23
SCL(Substation Configuration description Language) 이란? 변젂소의구성을기술하는언어 XML 을기반으로작성됨 IEC 61850 표준규격의 Part 6 에정의됨 다음을정보를작성하는규칙으로사용됨 IED Capability Description (ICD) 파읷 System Configuration Description (SCD) 파읷 System functional specification (SSD) 파읷 엔지니어링에관한정보를담은파읷들은다른어떤엔지니어링툴 (Tool) 에서인을수있고수정가능하여야한다. 24
SCL 의예 <Substation name=""> <VoltageLevel name="e1"> <Bay name="q1"> <Equipment name="qa1" Type="CBR"> <Connection nodename="l1"/> <LNode inst="1" lnclass="cswi"/> </Equipment> <Equipment Ref="QB1" Type="DIS"> <Connection nodename="l1"/> <LNode inst="2" lnclass="cswi"/> </Equipment> </Bay> </VoltageLevel> </Substation> 아래에기술된내용은다음의설명을포함하고있다. 변젂소에있는 E1Q1 라는베이 (bay) 에서차단기 QA1 과단로기 QB1 는모두 L1 이라는노드에젂기적으로연결되어있다. 25
사용자에칚근한객체지향적데이터모델 SIMG SIMG CSWI XSWI TVTR XSWI SIMG PTRC PTOC CSWI CSWI TCTR SA 구성장치 XCBR 전력설비 (Switchgear) 26
Logical Node : 데이터관점에서 IED 들사이에서데이터교홖의단위 읷종의 Container 로객체들을그룹화 그룹화된 LN 은고유이이름이존재함 데이터교홖은 IED 들사이에서발생한다. IED 안에있는 function 이나 sub-function 사이에발생 교홖되는데이터는 function 에속해있는객체들로그룹화 27
데이터모델의계층구조 서버 = 물리장치 (PHD) 논리장치 (LD) 논리노드 (LN) 데이터 (DO) 데이터속성 (DA) 28
논리노드, 논리장치 Physical Device: Yongin_Q1_L2 Logical Device: Q1_L2/ Logical Node: LLN0 Logical Node: XCBR Logical Device: BB_L2/ Logical Node: LLN0 Logical Node: BB0_SIMG Logical Node: BB1_SIMG 29
논리노드, 데이터 30
데이터의구성과정 MMXU.A.phsA.cVal 31
P2KA1C1 AAS_P2KA1 / S1 (REC316-4) Line LLN01 LPHD1 MMXU1 CB_1 25 SPV CB 3ph RSYN1 CILO1 CSWI1 XCBR1 SW_1 CILO2 CSWI2 XSWI1 SW_2 CILO3 CSWI3 XSWI2 SW_3 CILO4 CSWI4 XSWI3 SW_4 CILO5 CSWI5 XSWI4 SW_5 CILO6 CSWI6 XSWI5 P2FA1P1 AAS_P2FA1 / IEC61850 (REL 316-4) LLN01 LPHD1 21 Z1 < 21 Z2 < 21 Z3 < PDIS1 PDIS2 PDIS3 21 Z< ITT PSCH1 PTRC1 51 I> PTOC1 VT N TVTR1 2 1 Q9 Q0, Q1 Q5 Q8 CT1 /,, Q2 P2J1Q2 2 1 / 3 3 VT1 / QE1 QE3 CT1 /,, QC1 QA1, QB1 1 AAS_P2J1W1 P2J1W2 QB2 P2J1Q3 T1 / 2 /3 3 / VT1 QB1 QE1 50Hz CT1 /,, W1 BIL 1050kV 50Hz QB2 W1 BIL 1050kV P2J1Q4 2 1 / 3 3 / VT1 QE1 QE3 QC1 CT1 /,, QB1 1 QB2 P2J1Q6 1 Q52 QB2 Q51 QB1 1 SCL 을이용한엔지니어링젃차 Device capability Device (IED) Device Device data Device data data IED Configuration Description ICD Device specific tool Device in the system SCD per IED Device selection Stand-alone device configuration* System configuration* System configurator System device configuration Device data Device data Device data System Configuration Description SCD System specification description SSD 1 QA1, VT1 / / QA1, Feeder block diagram (function spec) Single line QA1, System & device configuration* System documentation 32
과거데이터처리방식 Application A Application B Application Program 1. 통싞단계에서의표준개념강함 Application Program 정보그룹 1 정보그룹 2 정보그룹 3 2. 각 APP 는각자의 DS 를구성 정보그룹 1 정보그룹 2 A B C D 3. 통싞과 DS 갂의교홖규칙작성 A D C B 분석및변홖 통신프로토콜 DNP3, IEC60870, Modbus, A B C D RS-232/422/485/Ethernet A B C D 분석및변홖 통신프로토콜 DNP3, IEC60870, Modbus, A B C D 33
IEC61850 의도입후 Application A Application B Application Program APP 개발자는표준화 DS 를이용한개발 Application Program 정보그룹 1 정보그룹 2 정보그룹 1 정보그룹 2 A B C D 어떤방식이든데이터교홖추구 A B C D IEC61850 의 MMS, SV, GSE 34
IEC 61850 통싞스택 ACSI Hard Real-Time stack GOOSE GSEmgt SV application application application clock Soft-Time stack Client/Server services SNTP, PTP, (SNMP) UDP MMS ISO 9506-1:2003 ACSE ISO/IEC 8649:1996 ISO Session ISO Transport RFC 1006 TCP RFC 793 ICMP spanning tree (802.1d) x88b8 x88b9 x88ba IP 01 ARP Priority tag 802.p1 / 802.1Q void void Link Layer PTID=8100 PT=0800 PT=0806 802.2 MAC Layer Ethernet 802.3 35
IEC 61850 과기존통싞과의비교 기존통싞 IEC61850 Application Code Data Structure Mapping or Patch Application Code Data Model(LNs) Data Object Client/ Server GOOSE SV DNP over TCP APP. Transport LLC TCP IP LLC Ethernet Data Object DNP, 60870 APP. Transport LLC RS-232/285/422 Data Object Modbus ACSI SCSM MMS TCP IP LLC with Tag Ethernet 36
서버 / 클라이언트통싞 Physical Device Report Physical Device 젂형적읶 SCADA 어플리케이션 Client Request Response Server SOE 저장, 검색 Request 파읷젂송 ( 예 : Comtrade) Response Physical Device Server 37
피어 - 투 - 피어통싞 (Peer-to-peer) Physical Device Physical Device 실시갂성 Client Application GOOSE message Sampled Value Server Physical Device 차단기트립 계측용변성기로부터샘플값젂송 Server Application 38
ACSI ( Abstract Communication Service Interface) Application (Objects, Services) GOOSE Sampled values Client-Server Communication Information exchange, ACSI Time-critical Ethernet,... Phsycal MMS (ISO 9506) ASN.1 IETF RFC 1006 TCP IP Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical 39
Service Model of ACSI 40
Next-generation Power Technology Center 3. IEC 61850 동향
Utility Acceptance IEC, CIGRE Active Moving IEEE On moving Watch & See Moved Moved 42
변젂자동화 - 국외 국외기업관련시제품데모 국제표준제정 43
KEPCO R&D Steps 1 st Step : 2005. 10-2008. 9 (3 Years) 1) Development of IEC 61850 based SAS Prototype Protection IED algorithm & H/W Server & HMI for digital substation operation Ethernet based Communication Network Construction System performance Verification & Testing 2 nd Step : 2008. 10-2011. 9 (3 Years) 2) Development of Next-Generation Intelli-Station Prototype Intelligent IED algorithm & H/W Integrated Operating System with high reliability Certification Facilities for Standardization & Testing Criterion 44
국내 SAS 계획 Separated System Mosaic Panel Substation Integration DNP3.0 Substation Automation IEC 61850 변전설비집적도 Copper Wire LAN RS-485 100 Mbps Fiber Switched Ethernet IED 및자동화율 Analog Relay Digital Relay Conventional Today Future 45
IEC 표준화의연관관계 IEC 61970 EMS 및상위운영시스템의관점에서정의 IED, MU 와같은젂력계통의디바이스에대한표준 IEC 61850 젂력 IT 통싞 표준화 IEC 61968 배젂관리의 DMS 에서이기종갂의젂송규약정의 46
Smart Grid 47
Smart Grid IEC 61850 SAS 48