<30335FC7FCBBF3BAD0B7F9B8A620C0CCBFEBC7D120BCBAC0CEBFA9BCBAC0C720C3BCC1FABAB020BEC8B8E9C7FCC5C220C6AFC2A1BFA120B0FCC7D120BFACB1B82E687770>

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "<30335FC7FCBBF3BAD0B7F9B8A620C0CCBFEBC7D120BCBAC0CEBFA9BCBAC0C720C3BCC1FABAB020BEC8B8E9C7FCC5C220C6AFC2A1BFA120B0FCC7D120BFACB1B82E687770>"

Transcription

1 Original Article J Sasang Constitut Med 2017;29(2): 형상분류를이용한성인여성의체질별안면형태특징에관한연구 전수형ㆍ김종원 * 동의대학교한의과대학사상체질과 Abstract A Study on the Characteristics of Facial Shape in Adult Women by Sasang Constitution Using Hyungsang Classification Soo-Hyung Jeon ㆍ Jong-Won Kim * Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dong-eui Univ. Objectives This study was aimed to analyze characteristics of facial shapes in adult women by sasang constitution using hyungsang classification. Methods Using a digital camera, we took a picture of 1,011 women who participated in clinical study on menstrual pain and acquired their 3D facial images with a face-only scanner. They filled out SSCQ-P(sasang constitution questionnaire for patient) for the diagnosis of sasang constitution. Based on the above photographs and 3D images, one of the hyungsang medicine specialist diagnosed according to five diagnostic criteria. The sasang constitution was diagnosed by referring to questionnaires and photographs. Frequency analysis was performed using the statistical analysis system version 9.4 and test was performed for validity evaluation. Results In taeeumin, the wide face shape(n=261, 74.36%) was much more than the narrow shape(n=90, 25.64%) and the convex face profile(n=164, 85.86%) was much more than the concave profile(n=27, 14.14%). Regardless of sasang constitution, angular face shape(n=501, 50%) was the most, followed by oval shape(n=317, 31.64%). Subjects with big ears(n=291, 29.19%) were the most, while big eyes(n=104, 10.43%) were the least. Subjects with eyes and nose tip upward(n=615, 78.05%) were the most, while eyes and nose tip downward(n=22, 2.79%) were the least. Conclusions Most Korean adult women have angular face, such as square or diamond, with slanted eyes and upturned nose. Taeeumin women have wide facial shape and convex profile. Key Words : Constitution, Face, Classification Received March 17, 2017 Revised April 19, 2017 Accepted June 19, 2017 Corresponding author Jong-Won Kim, Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, Dong-eui University Korean Medical Hospital, 282, Jungang-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.. Tel: Fax: jwonkim@deu.ac.kr C The Society of Sasang Constitutional Medicine. All rights reserved. This is an open acess article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons attribution Non-commercial License ( creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/)

2 96 A Study on the Characteristics of Facial Shape in Adult Women by Sasang Constitution Using Hyungsang Classification Ⅰ. 緖論 사상의학에서는체형기상 용모사기 성질재간 병증약리의네가지기준에따라체질을진단한다. 그중에서용모사기는얼굴의이미지나형태특징을보고체질을진단하는방법이다. 그동안얼굴형태를체질진단에활용하기위한임상연구는 2차원사진을이용한연구와 3차원형상에대한연구가있었고 2차원연구결과를토대로체질별표준얼굴이도출되었으며, 3차원연구는주로진단기기의정확도, 신뢰도를향상시키는방향으로이루어져왔다 1. 기존의얼굴형태에관한논문들은주로얼굴특정부위에점을찍고점간거리를측정하고통계적으로유의한차이가있는변수를찾아내어그의미를해석하고체질별얼굴형태특징을이해하고자하였다 2-6. 이경우분석대상의수가적으면비슷한연구사이에도결과가다양하게나타나신뢰도가떨어지고, 통계적으로유의미한변수라하더라도찾아낸모든변수를임상에활용할수있도록그의미를명확하게해석해내기는매우어렵다. 얼굴형태는의류, 미용분야에서도많은연구가있어왔다. 현재의국내미용업계와학계에서사용하는얼굴유형에는타원형, 원형, 역삼각형, 사각형, 긴형의 4 5 개로분류되는것이일반적이며, 서양의연구에서는타원형, 원형, 마름모형, 역삼각형, 사각형, 긴형, 삼각형의 7가지분류가일반적이다 7. 얼굴유형관련유사연구에서유형빈도순위가각각다르게나타나는데 7-9 이는데이터부족과지역적특징일수있다. 그리고영상계측프로그램을이용한얼굴유형분석연구 9 는본학회의선행연구와매우유사한데많은유의미한변수의통계결과해석이역시명확하지못하다. 이는미미한계측치차이를실감하기어렵기때문이다. 본연구는얼굴특정변수의계측과분석대신형상의학의안면유형을이용하여사상체질별로얼굴의전반적인형태특징을보다쉽게이해하고자하였다. 형상유형은앞서언급한미용분야의얼굴유형을포함하고있고이목구비의크기, 방향성및얼굴의돌출정도등다양한분류가이미정해져있어얼굴형태를파악하는 데좋은도구가될수있다. 본연구는월경통관련임상연구 10,11 에참여한성인여성 1,011 명을대상으로사상체질별형상유형분류에따른얼굴의전반적형태를분석하였고유의한결과를얻었기에이에보고하는바이다. Ⅱ. 對象및方法 1. 연구대상본연구는 OO대학교부속한방병원의임상시험심사위원회 (IRB) 의승인을받고 ( ) 임상시험연구정보서비스에등록 (No. KCT ) 하고 2014년 11 월부터 2016년 7월까지만18세이상의성인여성을대상으로진행된월경통임상시험에서수집된체질관련자료를분석하였다. 월경통은가임기여성의 50% 가경험하는흔한질환으로 12 피험자는월경통이있는 513명과월경통이없거나미미한 513명이었고스크리닝탈락 10명과중도탈락 5명을제외한 1011 명이임상시험을완료하였다. 2. 연구방법 1) 안면영상촬영 (1) 디지털카메라촬영피험자얼굴영상을획득하기위해디지털카메라 (Figure 1) 로얼굴전면과측면을촬영하고영상을획득하였다. Figure 1. Nikon D90, Japan

3 SH Jeon et al. 97 (2) 3차원형상진단기촬영피험자얼굴의 3차원입체영상을획득하기위해 ( 주 ) 모르페우스에서개발한 3차원형상진단기 (Figure 2) 를사용하여얼굴전면과좌우 45도측면을스캔하고세영상을취합하여하나의 3차원입체영상을획득하였다. (1) 넓은얼굴 ( 방광체 ), 좁은얼굴 ( 담체 ) 방광체는전면의면적 > 측면의면적이며, 담체는측면의면적 > 전면의면적에해당한다 16. 얼굴의상하좌우길이를비교하여얼굴이측면보다전면부가넓으면방광체이고전면보다측면이넓으면담체이다 11. 그리고이마발제정중점 (Figure 3. L1) 과아래턱정중점 (Figure 3. L3) 을잇는직선을얼굴길이로하고좌우귀앞점 (Figure 3. S3) 간거리를얼굴너비로하여길이와너비의비를고려하여형상전문가가넓은얼굴, 좁은얼굴로구분하였다. Figure 2. Morpheus 3D, Korea 2) 사상체질진단한국한의학연구원과사상체질의학회가공동개발한자기보고식설문지인환자용사상체질진단설문지 (Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient, SSCQ-P) 를작성케하였고사상의학전문의가설문결과와위의디지털카메라사진과 3차원형상진단기입체영상을참고하여체질진단을하였다. 3) 형상유형분류대한형상의학회에소속된형상전문가에게디지털카메라사진과 3차원형상진단기입체영상을보내어얼굴형태를아래의 5가지방법으로분류하였다. (2) 둥근형 ( 정과 ), 역삼각형 ( 신과 ), 각진형 ( 기과 ), 타원형 ( 혈과 ) 정과는얼굴이동그랗고신과는역삼각형으로이마가발달하고턱이약하다. 기과는사각형또는마름모형으로각진형태이고혈과는계란형또는물방울형으로타원형태이다 16. (3) 돌출형 ( 양명형 ), 함요형 ( 궐음형 ) 양명형은얼굴이전방으로돌출한형태이고궐음형은얼굴이함몰한형태이다. (4) 코발달 ( 폐 ), 입발달 ( 비 ), 눈발달 ( 간 ), 귀발달 ( 신 ), 얼굴발달 ( 심 ) 눈코입귀크기를비교하여코가크면폐, 입이크면비, 눈이크면간, 귀가크면신, 얼굴비율이눈코입귀에비해크면심으로분류한다 16. Figure 3. Front and side face

4 98 A Study on the Characteristics of Facial Shape in Adult Women by Sasang Constitution Using Hyungsang Classification (5) 눈끝과코끝의올라가고내려간정도눈끝이올라가고코끝도올라가면태양형, 눈끝이내려가고코끝도내려가면태음형, 눈끝이내려가고코끝이올라가면소양형, 눈끝이올라가고코끝이내려가면소음형으로분류한다. 4) 통계분석통계처리는 Statistic Analysis System Version 9.4 프로그램을사용하여빈도분석 (Frequency Analysis) 을하였고유효성평가를위해카이제곱검정 ( test) 을하였다. 피험자중태양인의수가매우적어서이후실제통계분석은태양인을제외한나머지체질로진행하였다. Ⅲ. 結果 1. 피험자의일반특성및체질분포피험자는 19세에서 53세사이평균 세의여성이고신장, 체중, 체질량지수는 Table 1과같다. 체질분포는소음인 424명, 태음인 353명, 소양인 229명, 태양인 5명의순으로나타났다 (Table 2). 2. 사상체질별안면특징 1) 넓은얼굴, 좁은얼굴소양인은좁은얼굴 112명, 넓은얼굴 115명이고소음인은좁은얼굴 221 명, 넓은얼굴 203 명으로차이가비교적적은편인데비해, 태음인은좁은얼굴 90명, 넓은얼굴 261명으로넓은얼굴이많은것으로나타났다 (Table 3). Table 1. General Characteristics of Subjects (N=1011) Variable Mean Standard Deviation Minimum Value Maximum Value Age Height (cm) Weight (kg) BMI (kg/ m2 ) Table 2. Distribution of Sasang Constitution Taeyangin Frequency Ratio(%) Table 3. Narrow or Wide Face Shape by Sasang Constitution Narrow Face Wide Face 112 (49.34) 115 (50.66) 90 (25.64) 261 (74.36) 221 (52.12) 203 (47.88) 423 (42.22) 579 (57.78) Total missing value = p<.001

5 SH Jeon et al. 99 2) 둥근형, 역삼각형, 각진형, 타원형체질에관계없이각진형이가장많고다음은타원형의순이었다. 소양인은각진형이 60.35% 로가장많고둥근형이 5.73% 로가장적었다. 태음인은각진형이가장많고그다음은타원형, 둥근형이많고역삼각형은 1.99% 로가장적었다. 소음인은각진형이 50.71% 로반수가넘었고소양인과비슷한경향을보였다 (Table 4). 3) 돌출형, 함요형얼굴이전방으로볼록한돌출형은태음인, 소양인, 소음인의순이었다. 얼굴이오목한함요형은소음인, 소양인, 태음인순으로나타났다. 소양인과소음인은돌출형과함요형의차이가적은데비해태음인은돌출형이 85.86% 이고함요형이 14.14% 로차이가매우큰것으로나타났다 (Table 5). 4) 눈코입귀, 얼굴크기비교체질에관계없이귀가큰사람이가장많고눈이큰사람이가장적은것으로나타났다. 그리고태음인이소양인, 소음인에비해눈코입귀가얼굴에비해작은것으로나타났다 (Table 6). 5) 눈끝과코끝의올라가고내려간정도체질에관계없이눈끝과코끝이다올라간사람이 78.07% 로월등히많았고다음으로눈끝이올라가고코끝이내려간사람이 13.45%, 눈끝이내려가고코끝이올라간사람이 5.71%, 눈끝이내려가고코끝도내려간사람이 2.79% 의순으로나타났다. 특히소양인은눈끝이내려간사람이 2.06% 로태음인 12.17%, 소음인 9.64% 에매우적은것으로나타났다 (Table 7). Table 4. Face Shape by Sasang Constitution Round Inverted Triangle Square or Diamond Oval 13 (5.73) 16 (7.05) 137 (60.35) 61 (26.87) 72 (20.51) 7 (1.99) 149 (42.45) 123 (35.04) 42 (9.91) 34 (8.02) 215 (50.71) 133 (31.37) 127 (12.67) 57 (5.69) 501 (50.00) 317 (31.64) Total missing value = p<.001 Table 5. Convex or Concave Face Profile Convex Concave 28 (53.85) 24 (46.15) 164 (85.86) 27 (14.14) 35 (42.68) 47 (57.32) 227 (69.85) 98 (30.15) Total missing value = p<.001

6 100 A Study on the Characteristics of Facial Shape in Adult Women by Sasang Constitution Using Hyungsang Classification Table 6. Classification According to the Eyes, Nose, Mouth, and Face Size Big Eyes Small Eyes, Nose, Mouth & Ears Big Mouth Big Nose Big Ears 25 (11.06) 37 (16.37) 31 (19.72) 63 (27.88) 70 (30.97) 25 (7.14) 94 (26.86) 59 (16.86) 70 (20.00) 102 (29.14) 54 (12.83) 83 (19.71) 71 (16.86) 94 (22.33) 119 (28.27) 104 (10.43) 214 (21.46) 161 (16.15) 227 (22.77) 291 (29.19) Total missing value = p=.013 Table 7. Classification According to the Direction of Eyes & Nose Tip Eyes Tip Upward & Nose Tip Upward Eyes Tip downward & Nose Tip Upward Eyes Tip downward & Nose Tip downward Eyes Tip Upward & Nose Tip downward 156 (80.00) 2 (1.03) 2 (1.03) 35 (17.95) 176 (76.52) 17 (7.39) 11 (4.78) 26 (11.30) 283 (77.96) 26 (7.16) 9 (2.48) 45 (12.40) 615 (78.05) 45 (5.71) 22 (2.79) 106 (13.45) Total missing value = p=.003 Ⅳ. 考察 그동안체질별얼굴특징을파악하기위해얼굴사진촬영과계측이주로이루어졌다. 얼굴특정부위의점을선정하고점간거리를변수로하여통계적방법에의해체질간유의한차이가있는변수를찾고그의미를해석하였다. 고등 2 의연구가대표적이며이후성별, 연령별로대상을구분하여특징을파악하고자하였다 3-6. 이들연구는측정변수가 200개인데비해대상자수가 100여명으로적고성별, 체질별로구분하면각각수십명에불과해결과를일반화하는데무리가있다. 또한통계적으로유의한변수라하더 라도찾아낸모든변수를임상에활용할수있도록그의미를명확하게해석해내기는더욱어렵다. 이에본연구는기존의특정점사이의거리를분석하는방법대신에형상유형을사용하여사상체질별로얼굴의전반적인형태특징을보다쉽게이해하고자하였다. 대상자는월경통임상연구에참여한 19세에서 53세사이평균 세의여성 1,011명으로앞선어느연구보다도대상자수가많다. 참고로석등17의연구에서는 17세이상여성 622명이대상이었고장등 18 의연구에서는 10세이상여성 448명이었다. 형상유형분류는형상전문가가디지털카메라사진과 3차원스캐너로획득한 3차원입체영상을모두참

7 SH Jeon et al. 101 고하여얼굴형태를 5가지방법으로구분하는데뚜렷한특징이없는경우는분류하지않고결측값 (missing value) 으로처리했다. 이마발제정중점 (Figure 3. L1) 과아래턱정중점 (Figure 3. L3) 을잇는직선을얼굴길이로하고좌우귀앞점 (Figure 3. S3) 간거리를얼굴너비로하여길이와너비의비를고려하여형상전문가가넓은얼굴, 좁은얼굴로구분하였다. 소양인과소음인은좁은얼굴과넓은얼굴의빈도차이가없는데비해, 태음인은넓은얼굴이 74.36% 로월등히많은것으로나타나태음인은 얼굴이넓적하다 1 와일치하였다. 얼굴외곽의형태에있어체질에관계없이각진형 (50%) 이가장많았고다음은타원형 (31.64%) 의순이었다. 문 8 의연구에서사각형과마름모형을포함한각진형이 15.9%, 김등 8 은사각형이 23.5%, 양 7 은사각형과마름모형을포함한각진형이 8% 인것과비교하면본연구는각진형의비율이매우높은것으로나타났는데이는부산이라는지역적특징으로생각된다. 체질별로소양인은각진형이 60.35% 로가장많았고역삼각형은 7.05% 로매우적었다. 이등 1 의설문연구에서소양인은 하악이각져있다 와유사하였고 턱이좁고뾰족한역삼각형안면형태이다 와는거리가있었다. 장등 18 의계측연구에서소양인여성은 이마부위가발달하고턱부위가약한것 으로해석하였는데이는역삼각형에해당되며본연구결과와거리가있었다. 태음인은각진형이 42.45% 로가장많고그다음은타원형 (35.04%), 둥근형 (20.51%) 이었고역삼각형은 1.99% 로매우적었다. 이등 19 의설문연구에서태음인은 하악부위가중후하다, 얼굴이사각이다 와는유사하였고 얼굴이둥글다 아마가좌우로넓다 와는거리가있었다. 장등 18 의계측연구에서태음인여성은 하관이길고, 두터운것으로볼수있다, 태음인은남녀모두하관이넓다 와유사하였다. 따라서태음인여성은이마는넓지않고사각형얼굴이가장흔한얼굴형태라고생각된다. 소음인은각진형이 50.71% 로반수가넘었고타원형 이 31.37% 이고, 둥근형 (9.91%) 과역삼각형 (8.02%) 은적었다. 소음인은 얼굴이상하로길며갸름하다 1, 하관이좁고계란형으로얼굴의상하가길다 18, 얼굴이갸름하며곡선형 15 이라고하여대부분계란형이일반적이라고하였으나본연구에서는타원형이 1/3 정도로적게나타났고지역적특징이라고생각된다. 얼굴의돌출여부에서체질에관계없이돌출형 (69.85%) 이함요형 (30.15%) 에비해 2배이상많았다. 체질별로소양인과소음인은돌출형과함요형의차이가적은데비해태음인은돌출형이 85.86% 이고함요형이 14.14% 로차이가매우큰것으로나타났다. 태음인은 평면적이다 1 는것과달리전방으로돌출하여입체감이있는것으로나타났다. 소양인은 이마가돌출되었다, 중안부가돌출했다 18 고하였는데본연구결과로는이마부위한부위의돌출여부는알수없었다. 눈코입귀와얼굴의크기비교에서체질에관계없이귀가큰사람이가장많고눈이큰사람이가장적은것으로나타났다. 태음인은 이목구비가크다, 눈이크다, 코가크다 19 고하였고 코가크고코폭도넓다 1 고하였으나본연구결과태음인여성 350명중에서눈이큰사람은 7.14%, 코가큰사람은 20% 였고오히려눈코입귀가작고상대적으로얼굴이넓어보이는경우가 26.86% 로더많았다. 다른체질과비교해서얼굴에서코가가장커보이는 227 명중에서태음인 (n=70) 은소음인 (n=94) 보다수가적었다. 그리고얼굴에서눈이가장커보이는 104명중에서태음인 (n=25) 은소음인 (n=54) 보다수가적었다. 따라서태음인이다른체질에비해눈, 코크기의절대값이클수는있어도눈코입귀와얼굴크기의상대적비율에서눈과코가크다고말할수는없다. 눈끝과코끝의올라가고내려간정도에서체질에관계없이눈끝과코끝이다올라간사람이 78.07% 로월등히많았고눈끝이올라가고코끝이내려간사람이 13.45%, 눈끝이내려가고코끝이올라간사람이 5.71%, 눈끝과코끝이모두내려간사람이 2.79% 의순으로나타났다. 소양인중에서눈끝이올라간사람이 97.95% 이고내려간사람이 2.06% 로소양인은 눈

8 102 A Study on the Characteristics of Facial Shape in Adult Women by Sasang Constitution Using Hyungsang Classification 끝이올라갔다 19 와소양인은 눈끝이올라간경우가많다 1 와일치하였다. 그러나소음인중에서눈끝이내려간사람은 9.64% 이고올라간사람이 90.36% 로나타나소음인은 눈매가쳐져있다 19, 소음인은 눈꼬리가약간처진편 1 과는거리가멀었다. 이러한상이한결과는본연구의지역적한계일수있는데비교할만한한국인대표얼굴데이터를찾지못하였다. 국가기술표준원에서 1979년부터구축한한국인인체표준정보 DB 20 에머리와눈코입귀의길이와너비의평균값은있으나얼굴윤곽의형태나눈코입귀의크기비율이나각도그리고얼굴의돌출정도관련자료는없었다. 향후학회차원의꾸준한자료수집과빅데이터분석등의연구방법이필요할것으로생각된다. 또한본연구에서형상진단을전문가 1인이담당한것과형상진단기준으로정확한비율을제시하지못한것은재현성에문제가있을수있어향후연구에서는다수의전문가를참여시키거나구체적인진단기준을마련해야할것으로생각된다. Ⅴ. 結論 체질에관계없이각진얼굴이과반수이고다음은타원형이었다. 눈끝코끝이모두올라간사람이 78% 이상으로월등히많고모두내려간사람은 2.79% 로매우드물었다. 태음인은넓은얼굴에돌출형얼굴이많았다. 소양인은얼굴이각지고 (60.35%) 눈끝이올라간비율이 97.94% 로다른체질보다더많았다. 소음인은각진형이과반수가넘고 (50.71%) 눈끝이올라간비율이 90.36% 로소양인과비슷한경향으로나타나타원형에눈끝이내려간기존의소음인용모와는차이가있었다. Ⅵ. Acknowledgements 본연구는한국보건산업진흥원을통해보건복지부의 재정지원을받아수행된연구임 (HI14D1103) Ⅶ. References 1. Lee SY, Koh BH, Lee EJ, Lee JH, Hwang MW. Systematic Review on Researches of Sasang Constitution Diagnosis Using Facial Feature. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2012; 24(4):17-27.(Korean) 2. Koh BH, Song IB, Cho YJ, Choi CS, Kim JW, Hong SC et al. A Morphologic Study of head and face for Sasang Constitution. J Sasang Constitut Med. 1996; 8(1): (Korean) 3. Yun JH, Lim KS, Kim SB, Lee JH, Park GS, Lee SK et al. The Comparison Research of the Head and Face on the 30's, 40's, and the 50's, 60's in Korean Men according to Sasang Constitution. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2000;12(2): (Korean) 4. Yun JH, Lee SK, Lee EJ, Koh BH, Song IB. Morphological standardization research of head and face on the 50's and 60's in Korean according to Sasang Constitution. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2000;12(2): (Korean) 5. Jung KH, Koh BH, Song IB. A Morphologic Study of Head and Face of Man in the Age 30 to 40 according to Sasang Constitution. J Oriental Med. 2000;6(1): (Korean) 6. Hong SC. A Morphological Study of Ear, Eye, Nose and Moutf according to the Sasang Constitution. D. S. Dissertation, Kyung-Hee Univ., 1998(Korean) 7. Yang JS. A Study on Image Perception of Suitable Makeup Technique and Hair Style in Six Types Face. D. S. Dissertation, Wonkwang Univ., 2009(Korean) 8. Moon NW. The Effects of Face Types and A Detail of Clothes on Visual Evaluation: Focused on womens' necklines, D. S. Dissertation, Chonnam National Univ., 1997(Korean) 9. Kim JS, Lee KH. Photogrammetric Study on Facial

9 SH Jeon et al. 103 Shape Analysis of Female College Students J Korean Soc Cloth Text. 2004;28(11): (Korean) 10. Kang SH, Jeon SH, Lee IS, Kim KK, Na YJ, Kim JW. The Research of Corelation between Sasang Constitution and pattern Identification through Clinical Research of the Patients of Menstrual Pain. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2016;28(4): (Korean) 11. Na YJ, Kang SH, Kim JW, Jeon SH. A Study on the Response Differences to the Sasang Constitution Questionnaire by Sasang Constitutions in Adult Women with Menstrual Pain. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2016;28(4): (Korean) 12. Cho HS, Lee IS, Kim KK, Kim JW. The Research on the Characteristics of BMI and Sasang Constitutional on Dysmenorrhea Patients. J Korean Obstet Gynecol. 2016;29(1): (Korean) 13. Kim JW. The Study on Development of Questionnaires Program Ⅰ for the Diagnosis of Sasang Constitution. Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (Korean) 14. Lee SW, Joo JC, Lee SK, Lee HJ, Jang ES. A Study on the Response Differences to the Sasang Constitution Questionnaire by Sasang Constitutions. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2007;19(3):89-98.(Korean) 15. Jeong JH, Jeon SH, Na YJ, Kang SH, Dong SO, Lee SW et al. A Study about a Short-form of the Sasang Constitution Questionnaire for Patient (SSCQ-P). J Sasang Constitut Med. 2014;26(4): (Korean) 16. Kim GC, Lee JW, Kim H, Shin SS, Lee HW, Lee YT et al. Basic Study on the Image Instrument of the Facial-form by the 3D-facial Scanner. Korean J Oriental Physiology & Pathology. 2008;22(2): (Korean) 17. Seok JH, Yoo JH, Lee JH, Hwang MW, Cho YJ, Kho BH et al. The Upgrade of Sasangin Classification System by the Morphologic Study of Head and Face: Facial Differences on Sex and Age. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2007;19(3):30-50.(Korean) 18. Jang ES, Kim YJ, Kim SH, Joo JC. Characteristics of Distance, Angle and Ratio among the Face Point on Photo in Sasang Constitutional Medicine. J Sasang Constitut Med. 2010;22(2):37-47.(Korean) 19. Lee JH, Kim YH, Hwang MW, Kim JY, Lee EJ, Song IB et al. Survey Study about Sasangin s Characteristics of Face, Voice, Skin and Pulse Diagnosis. J Korean Oriental Med. 2007;19(3): (Korean) 20.

< FB5B5BAF1B6F32C20B8F1C2F D34292E687770>

< FB5B5BAF1B6F32C20B8F1C2F D34292E687770> Case Report J Sasang Constitut Med 2014;26(4):379-388 http://dx.doi.org/10.7730/jscm.2014.26.4.379 Abstract A Case Study of Soyangin Patient with Hyperhidrosis Treated Successfully with Hyungbangsabaek-san(

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

2009;21(1): (1777) 49 (1800 ),.,,.,, ( ) ( ) 1782., ( ). ( ) 1,... 2,3,4,5.,,, ( ), ( ),. 6,,, ( ), ( ),....,.. (, ) (, )

2009;21(1): (1777) 49 (1800 ),.,,.,, ( ) ( ) 1782., ( ). ( ) 1,... 2,3,4,5.,,, ( ), ( ),. 6,,, ( ), ( ),....,.. (, ) (, ) Abstract Kim Dal-Rae, Kim Sun-Hyung* Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung-Hee Univ. *Dept. of Sasang Constitutional Medicine, East-West Neo Medical Center, Kyung-Hee

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong An 1 & Kyoo-jeong Choi 2 * 1 Korea National Wrestling

More information

12이문규

12이문규 Review on Conservative Treatment of Spinal Scoliosis Moon-kyu Lee, O.M.D., Gil-jae Lee, O.M.D., Yun-kyung Song, O.M.D., Hyung-ho Lim, O.M.D. Dept. of Oriental Rehabilitation Medicine College of Oriental

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 한국소음진동공학회 2015추계학술대회논문집년 Study of Noise Pattern and Psycho-acoustics Characteristic of Household Refrigerator * * ** ** Kyung-Soo Kong, Dae-Sik Shin, Weui-Bong Jeong, Tae-Hoon Kim and Se-Jin Ahn Key Words

More information

03-서연옥.hwp

03-서연옥.hwp 농업생명과학연구 49(4) pp.31-37 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 49(4) pp.31-37 Print ISSN 1598-5504 Online ISSN 2383-8272 http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.4.31 국가산림자원조사 자료를 적용한 충남지역 사유림경영율 추정 서연옥

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 한국 중년 여성의 라이프스타일이 메이크업 추구이미지와 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향 주영주 1 *, 이순희 2 1 서경대학교대학원미용예술학과, 2 신성대학교 미용예술계열 The Effects of The Life Style for Korean Middle Aged Women on

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI: * The

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp DOI:   * The Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp.243-268 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.1.201703.243 * - 2001 2015 - The Research Trends on Peer Counseling in Elementary and

More information

Abstract Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Related Factors for Nurses and Radiological Technologists Wearing a Lead Apron for Radiation Pro t e c t i o n Jung-Im Yoo, Jung-Wan Koo 1 ) Angio Unit, Team of Radiology,

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

16_이주용_155~163.hwp

16_이주용_155~163.hwp 사상체질의학회지 2008;20(2):155-163 J of Sasang Constitutional Medicine Vol. 20, No. 2, 2008:155-163 http://www.esasang.com 腦 梗 塞 으로 발생한 少 陽 人 半 身 舞 蹈 病 患 者 치험 1례 이주용 이한얼 한경수 안택원 Abstract 대전대학교 한의과대학 사상체질과 A Soyangin

More information

<4030325FBBE7BBF3C3BCC1FAC7D0C8B8C1F65F32342D34C8A35F33C2F72E687770>

<4030325FBBE7BBF3C3BCC1FAC7D0C8B8C1F65F32342D34C8A35F33C2F72E687770> Original Article J Sasang Constitut Med 2012;24(4):17-27 http://dx.doi.org/10.7730/jscm.2012.24.4.17 안면형상을 활용한 사상체질 진단 연구에 관한 체계적 고찰 이선영 고병희 * 이의주 * 이준희 * 황민우 * 경희대학교 대학원 임상한의학과 체질의학전공 * 경희대학교 한의과대학 사상체질과

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - α α - 20 - α α α α α α - 21 - - 22 - - 23 -

More information

04_이근원_21~27.hwp

04_이근원_21~27.hwp 1) KIGAS Vol. 16, No. 5, pp 21~27, 2012 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) http://dx.doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2012.16.5.21 실험실의 사례 분석에 관한 연구 이근원 이정석 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 (2012년 9월 5일 투고, 2012년 10월 19일

More information

14.531~539(08-037).fm

14.531~539(08-037).fm G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

278 경찰학연구제 12 권제 3 호 ( 통권제 31 호 )

278 경찰학연구제 12 권제 3 호 ( 통권제 31 호 ) 여성경찰관의직업윤리의식결정요인분석 * An Analysis of Determinantal Factors Influencing Professional Ethical Standards of South Korean Police Women 신문희 ** 이영민 *** Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅱ. 이론적배경 Ⅲ. 연구방법 Ⅳ. 연구결과 Ⅴ. 결론 Ⅰ. 서론 278 경찰학연구제 12

More information

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770>

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770> 기혼 여성이 사이버대학에서 상담을 전공하면서 겪는 경험 방기연 (고려사이버대학교 상담심리학과 부교수) * 요 약 본 연구는 기혼 여성의 사이버대학 상담전공 학과 입학에서 졸업까지의 경험을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한 다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 하고, 합의적 질적 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 입학 전 에 연구참여자들은 고등교육의 기회를

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although

More information

대한한의학원전학회지24권6호-전체최종.hwp

대한한의학원전학회지24권6호-전체최종.hwp 小兒藥證直訣 의 五臟辨證에 대한 小考 - 病證과 處方을 중심으로 1 2 慶熙大學校大學校 韓醫學科大學 原典學敎室 ㆍ 韓醫學古典硏究所 白裕相1,2*1)2) A study on The Diagnosis and Treatment Using The Theory of Five Organs in Soayakjeungjikgyeol(小兒藥證直訣) 1 Dept. of Oriental

More information

서론

서론 - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - - 15 - - 16 - - 17 - - 18 - - 19 - - 20 - - 21 - - 22 - - 23 - - 24 - -

More information

<5B313132385D32303039B3E220C1A634B1C720C1A632C8A320B3EDB9AEC1F628C3D6C1BE292E687770>

<5B313132385D32303039B3E220C1A634B1C720C1A632C8A320B3EDB9AEC1F628C3D6C1BE292E687770> 디지털 영상에서의 자막추출을 이용한 자막 특성 분석에 관한 연구 이세열 * 요약 본 연구는 방송 프로그램 제작에 있어서 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있는 영상 자막의 특성과 영상 커 뮤니케이션 기능적인 관점에서 나타나고 있는 현상을 살펴본다. 다양한 방송 프로그램에서 활용되고 있는 디지털 영상 자막의 기능은 단순하게 간략한 정보를 전달하는 기능적인 역할을 수행하였다.

More information

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있 대한한방부인과학회지 THE JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY VOL.17, NO.2 : 115-122 (2004) 달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 * 북경한의원, ** 윤산부인과의원, *** 최은림산부인과의원, 상지대학교 한의과대학 부인과학교실 ****, 경희대학교 동서의학대학원 김성준 *****, 윤왕준

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Vol.5, No.5, October (2015), pp.471-479 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.10.50 스마트온실을 위한 가상 외부기상측정시스템 개발 한새론 1), 이재수 2), 홍영기 3), 김국환 4), 김성기 5), 김상철 6) Development of Virtual Ambient Weather Measurement

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:21~34 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/19, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] With the development of the Internet,

More information

???? 1

???? 1 The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial

More information

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( )

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( ) . 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ,. (, 2011),, 1980 5 49.9%, 4 (20.3%). 1985, 5 (39.0%), 4 (25.3%).

More information

<353420B1C7B9CCB6F52DC1F5B0ADC7F6BDC7C0BB20C0CCBFEBC7D120BEC6B5BFB1B3C0B0C7C1B7CEB1D7B7A52E687770>

<353420B1C7B9CCB6F52DC1F5B0ADC7F6BDC7C0BB20C0CCBFEBC7D120BEC6B5BFB1B3C0B0C7C1B7CEB1D7B7A52E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 13, No. 2 pp. 866-871, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.2.866 증강현실을 이용한 아동교육프로그램 모델제안 권미란 1*, 김정일 2 1 나사렛대학교 아동학과, 2 한세대학교 e-비즈니스학과

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A S

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A S Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.461-487 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.461 * - 2008 2018 - A Study on the Change of Issues with Adolescent Problem

More information

(

( 317 318 319 320 1 3 5 5 5 5 2 321 : 1.,,,,, 06 2. X-ray beam penetration (density) (contrast) 03 3. patch coating, precipitation, flaking 03 4. centering 03 5. Esophagus, cardia, fundus, body, angle, antrum,

More information

07-1960(JH)

07-1960(JH) 한국두피모발미용학회지 제5권 제1호 2009 The Journal of Beauty & Trichology 5(1), 00~00(2008) 1960년대 뷰티 및 패션트렌드 분석 - 모델 트위기 (Twiggy) 를 중심으로 - 김희선* 안양과학대학 뷰티디자인학부 Analysis of Beauty and Fashion trends in the 1960 s - Focusing

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: * Meta Analysis : T

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI:   * Meta Analysis : T Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.289-314 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.289 * Meta Analysis : Trends and Effects of Art-Therapy with Clay Purpose:

More information

???춍??숏

???춍??숏 Suseong gu Council Daegu Metropolitan City www.suseongcouncil.daegu.kr Contents SUSEONG GU COUNCIL DAEGU METROPOLITAN CITY 10 www.suseongcouncil.daegu.kr 11 SUSEONG GU COUNCIL DAEGU METROPOLITAN CITY

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö

03-ÀÌÁ¦Çö 25 3 (2004 9 ) J Korean Oriental Med 2004;25(3):20-31 1), 2), 3) 1) 2) 3) Grope for a Summary Program about Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Knowledge (TK)etc. Discussed in WIPO Hwan-Soo

More information

<31372DB9CCB7A1C1F6C7E22E687770>

<31372DB9CCB7A1C1F6C7E22E687770> 미래지향 고령친화 주거디자인을 위한 예비노인층의 라이프스타일 특성 Characteristics of Lifestyle of the Pre-Elderly for Future Elderly-friendly Housing Design 류 혜 지 청운대학교 인테리어디자인학과 교수 Ryu hye-ji Dept. of Interior Design, Chungwoon University

More information

±èÇ¥³â

±èÇ¥³â 533 Fig. 1. Dead zone. Nine echoes are positioned 2-10 mm below the scan surface with 1 mm distance. All nine echoes are clearly visualized. 534 Fig. 2. Vertical and horizontal measurement. 10 cm distance

More information

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

433대지05박창용

433대지05박창용 Recent Changes in Summer Precipitation Characteristics over South Korea Changyong Park* JaYeon Moon** Eun-Jeong Cha*** Won-Tae Yun**** Youngeun Choi***** 1958 2007 6 9 6 9 10 10 10 10 10 Abstract This

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Research Trend

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Research Trend Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.295-318 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.295 * A Research Trend on the Studies related to Parents of Adults with Disabilities

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Feb.; 29(2), 93 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.2.93 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) UHF-HF

More information

untitled

untitled Original Article Experiences of Unwed Mothers Choi, Yang-Ja 1) Kim, Kwuy-Bun 2) 1) Professor, Redcross College of Nursing, 2) Professor, Kyung Hee University, College of Nursing Science 1) 2) 1) 2) Purpose:

More information

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( :

27 2, 1-16, * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** ( : 27 2, 1-16, 2009. * **,,,,. KS,,,., PC,.,,.,,. :,,, : 2009/08/12 : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: jjhkim@cau.ac.kr) 2 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009 Ⅰ.,. 2008 3,536, 10 99.9% (, 2008). PC,, (, 2007). (, 2008),.,

More information

04조남훈

04조남훈 Received : 2011. 11. 16 Reviewed : 2011. 11. 25 Accpeted : 2011. 12. 5 A Case Report of Prescribing Yanghyeolgeopung-tang(yangxuequfeng-tang) to Two Patients with Cervical Disc Herniation and Headache

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:3~20 Received: 2016/12/04, Accepted: 2016/12/27 Revised: 2016/12/27, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] This study aims to comprehensively analyze

More information

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호 Focused Issue of This Month Gyu Cheol an, MD Department of Otolaryngology ead & Neck Surgery, Gachon University of College Medicine E - mail : han@gilhospital.com Won-o Jung, MD Department of Otolaryngology

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: 3 * Effects of 9th

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   3 * Effects of 9th Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.357-378 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.357 3 * Effects of 9th Grade Students Participation in Career Curriculum Cluster

More information

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구 한지닥섬유제품의인체생리반응및쾌적성평가 임순 Evaluation of Thermal Physiological Responses and Comfort in Dox Fabric Soon Im Professor, Dept. of Fashion Industry, Incheon National University This study performed the evaluation

More information

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w 497 의사학 제24권 제2호(통권 제50호) 2015년 8월 Korean J Med Hist 24 ː497-532 Aug 2015 c대한의사학회 http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2015.24.497 pissn 1225-505X, eissn 2093-5609 역시만필( 歷 試 漫 筆 ) 의 사례로 재구성한 조선후기 여성의 삶과 질병

More information

005송영일

005송영일 Received : 2015. 12. 09 Reviewed : 2015. 12. 16 Accepted : 2015. 12. 16 Sternal Fracture occurred after Thai Massage : A Case Report Young-Il Song, K.M.D. 1, Dong-Eun Kim, K.M.D. 1 1 Department of Rehabilitation

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: * A Analysis of Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.99-117 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.99 2015 * A Analysis of the Characters and Issues about the 2015 Revised Social

More information

03이경미(237~248)ok

03이경미(237~248)ok The recent (2001-2010) changes on temperature and precipitation related to normals (1971-2000) in Korea* Kyoungmi Lee** Hee-Jeong Baek*** ChunHo Cho**** Won-Tae Kwon*****. 61 (1971~2000) 10 (2001~2010).

More information

Effects of baseball expertise and stimulus speeds on coincidence-anticipation timing accuracy of batting Jong-Hwa Lee, Seok-Jin Kim, & Seon-Jin Kim* Seoul National University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results]

More information

Jkcs022(89-113).hwp

Jkcs022(89-113).hwp 대한배뇨장애 및 요실금 학회지 J. Korean Continence Society 2004;8:89-113 Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptom 설문지의 한국어 번역 및 번역본의 언어 타당도 Seung-June Oh*, Hyung Geun Park*, Sung Hyun Paick, Won Hee Park and Myung-Soo

More information

Analysis of teacher s perception and organization on physical education elective courses Chang-Wan Yu* Korea Institute of curriculum and evaluation [Purpose] [Methods] [Results] [Conclusions] Key words:

More information

12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm

12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 77-81 y w» e wx Á w œw Fabrication of Ceramic Batch Composition for Porcelain by Using Recycled Waste Ceramic Powder Hyun Guen Han, and

More information

JY Im et al. 111 I. 緖 論 임신중에는 호르몬의 변화로 색소침착, 임신선, 혈 관변화, 부종, 기미 등이 생긴다. 에스트로겐, 프로게 스테론과 다양한 안드로겐의 혈중치 증가와 코르티 솔, 알도스테론, 디옥시콜티코스테론 등 부신스테로 이드들의 혈중치 변화는

JY Im et al. 111 I. 緖 論 임신중에는 호르몬의 변화로 색소침착, 임신선, 혈 관변화, 부종, 기미 등이 생긴다. 에스트로겐, 프로게 스테론과 다양한 안드로겐의 혈중치 증가와 코르티 솔, 알도스테론, 디옥시콜티코스테론 등 부신스테로 이드들의 혈중치 변화는 p Case Report J Sasang Constitut Med 2014;26(1):110-121 http://dx.doi.org/10.7730/jscm.2014.26.1.110 사상체질별 피부 특성에 따른 Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) 조사와 한의 치료를 병행하여 호전된 임신 雀 斑 치험 3례 임지영 이아영 장인수* 송정모 신동윤 이은희

More information

<30372EC0CCC0AFC1F82E687770>

<30372EC0CCC0AFC1F82E687770> 산전 초음파상 진단된 단독 대조확장증의 출생 후 예후 울산대학교 의과대학 서울아산병원 산부인과학교실 이유진 원혜성 박상민 조현진 정 의 김선권 심재윤 이필량 김 암 Yu-Jin Lee, M.D., Hye-Sung Won, M.D., Sang-Min Park, M.D., Hyun-Jin Cho, M.D., Eui Jung, M.D., Sun-Kwon Kim,

More information

2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914 ) ( ) ( ) 4) 1915 ( ) ( ) 1917 2) 3) 4) 285

2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914 ) ( ) ( ) 4) 1915 ( ) ( ) 1917 2) 3) 4) 285 13 2 ( 25 ) 2004 12 Korean J Med Hist 13 284 296 Dec 2004 ISSN 1225 505X 1) * ** ** 1 1920 1930 40 ( 1896-1973) 80 * ** 1) 2003 284 2 1896 2 26 ( ) 2 7-20 2) 1897 1898 ( )3) 6 1902 8 1904 10 10 (19 05-1914

More information

Study on the Improvement of Management System through Analysis of golf semi- market: Focus on Physical Education Facility Act Ji-Myung Jung 1, Ju-Ho Park 2 *, & Youngdae Lee 3 1 Korea Institute of Sport

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

30이지은.hwp

30이지은.hwp VR의 가상광고에 나타난 그래픽영상 연구 -TV 스포츠 방송을 중심으로- A study of the graphic image that is presented in Virtual Advertising of VR(Virtual Reality) - Focused on TV Sports broadcasts - 이지은(Lee, ji eun) 조일산업(주) 디자인 실장

More information

44-4대지.07이영희532~

44-4대지.07이영희532~ A Spatial Location Analysis of the First Shops of Foodservice Franchise in Seoul Metropolitan City Younghee Lee* 1 1 (R) 0 16 1 15 64 1 Abstract The foodservice franchise is preferred by the founders who

More information

歯14.양돈규.hwp

歯14.양돈규.hwp : The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy 2003. Vol. 15, No. 3, 615-631. 1 2 3 1,410.,, ( ),., ( 69%),.,, ( ), ( ).,,.., ( ).,. :,,. :, (390-711) 21-1, : 043-649-1362 E-mail : ydk9498@hanmail.net

More information

Kinematic analysis of success strategy of YANG Hak Seon technique Joo-Ho Song 1, Jong-Hoon Park 2, & Jin-Sun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Scienc

Kinematic analysis of success strategy of YANG Hak Seon technique Joo-Ho Song 1, Jong-Hoon Park 2, & Jin-Sun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Scienc Kinematic analysis of success strategy of technique JooHo Song 1, JongHoon Park 2, & JinSun Kim 3 * 1 Korea Institute of Sport Science, 2 Catholic Kwandong University, 3 Yonsei University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

untitled

untitled 대한마취과학회지 2008; 55: 190~6 Korean J Anesthesiol Vol. 55, No. 2, August, 2008 임상연구 대한민국의 마취통증의학 임상실습 현황 연세대학교 의과대학 마취통증의학교실 및 마취통증의학연구소 장동진ㆍ안소운ㆍ안지원ㆍ김종훈 The current status of anesthesiology clerkship in Korea

More information

A Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran

More information

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr Original Article pissn 1738-2637 J Korean Soc Radiol 2012;67(2):129-134 The Survey of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quality according to in Korea 1 자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 1 Hyun-Hae

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2019 Sep.; 30(9), 712 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2019.30.9.712 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) MOS

More information

Kbcs002.hwp

Kbcs002.hwp Does Real-time Compound Imaging Improve Evaluation of reast Cancer Compared to Conventional Sonography? o Kyoung Seo, M.D., Yu Whan Oh, M.D., Kyu Ran Cho, M.D., Young Hen Lee, M.D., Hyung Joon Noh, M.D.,

More information

( )Kjhps043.hwp

( )Kjhps043.hwp Difference of Fistula Maturation Degree and Physical Property by the Types of Tube Material: An Experimental Study Sang Koo Kang, M.D. 1, Hee Chul Yu, M.D. 1,4, Woo Sung Moon, M.D. 2,4, Ju Hyoung Lee,

More information

<31305F FB1E8B1DDBCF82CC0CCB1D9B1A42E687770>

<31305F FB1E8B1DDBCF82CC0CCB1D9B1A42E687770> 대한피부미용학회지제4권제2호 157 연령에따른둥근얼굴형태에어울리는헤어스타일의조사연구 김금순 / 이근광* 한남대학교사회문화대학원향장미용과 / 나주대학피부미용과 * Abstract A Study on the Most Preferred Hair Style to the Round Face Shape by Age Group Kim, Gum-soon Keun-kwang

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4) THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method

More information

<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770>

<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 15, No. 2 pp. 1051-1058, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2014.15.2.1051 멤리스터의 전기적 특성 분석을 위한 PSPICE 회로 해석 김부강 1, 박호종 2, 박용수 3, 송한정 1*

More information

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF The Korean Journal of Counseling 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, 423-434,. 4 5 18 9, 9.,,,,,.,,, t-.. :,,, (,, 1996),.,,. (, 2001),... 88 98 2000, 88 12.5%(250 )98 35.6%(712 )2.8 (,,, 2001) (Corresponding Author)

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: * Suggestions of Ways

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   * Suggestions of Ways Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.65-89 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.65 * Suggestions of Ways to Improve Teaching Practicum Based on the Experiences

More information

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu 한 국 통 계 학 회 논 문 집 2012, 19권, 6호, 877 884 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/ckss.2012.19.6.877 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation Applied Biased Coin Design in a Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Yu Kim a, Dongjae Kim

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: * Review of Research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Review of Research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.79-102 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.79 * Review of Research Trends on Curriculum for Students with Severe and multiple

More information

패션 전문가 293명 대상 앙케트+전문기자단 선정 2010.1 Fashionbiz CEO Managing Director Creative Director Independent Designer

패션 전문가 293명 대상 앙케트+전문기자단 선정 2010.1 Fashionbiz CEO Managing Director Creative Director Independent Designer READY-TO-WEAR Fashionbiz 2010.1 패션 전문가 293명 대상 앙케트+전문기자단 선정 2010.1 Fashionbiz CEO Managing Director Creative Director Independent Designer READY-TO-WEAR Fashionbiz 2010.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 9 2010.1 Fashionbiz

More information

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II)

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - vii - - viii - - ix - -

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA e- 비즈니스연구 (The e-business Studies) Volume 17, Number 1, February, 28, 2016:pp. 293~316 ISSN 1229-9936 (Print), ISSN 2466-1716 (Online) 원고접수일심사 ( 수정 ) 게재확정일 2015. 12. 04 2015. 12. 24 2016. 02. 25 ABSTRACT

More information

( )Jksc057.hwp

( )Jksc057.hwp 직장암환자의전직장간막절제술의 예측인자분석 : 불완전절제와절제시간에영향을미치는인자에관한연구 Analysis of Factors Affecting the Degree of Difficulty in Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer: Investigation of the Factors Affecting Incomplete

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Study on Teache

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Study on Teache Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp.149-171 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.4.201712.149 * A Study on Teachers and Parents Perceptions on the Introduction of Innovational

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI: : * Research Subject

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp DOI:   : * Research Subject Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 1, pp.91-116 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.1.201903.91 : * Research Subject Trend Analysis on Educational Innovation with Network

More information

<B1B3B9DFBFF83330B1C7C1A631C8A35FC6EDC1FDBABB5FC7D5BABB362E687770>

<B1B3B9DFBFF83330B1C7C1A631C8A35FC6EDC1FDBABB5FC7D5BABB362E687770> 교육발전연구 Journal of Educational Development 2014. Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 89~110 융합인재교육(STEAM)을 통한 시각적 문해력 효과 연구: 인포그래픽 동영상 만들기를 중심으로 강인애 1), 이재경 2), 남미진 3) 요 약 본 연구는 융합인재(STEAM)교육으로 구안된 인포그래픽(infographic) 영상

More information

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö Disability & Employment 55 Disability & Employment 56 57 Disability & Employment 58 59 Disability & Employment 60 61 Disability & Employment 62 63 Disability & Employment 64 65 Disability & Employment

More information

목 차 회사현황 1. 회사개요 2. 회사연혁 3. 회사업무영역/업무현황 4. 등록면허보유현황 5. 상훈현황 6. 기술자보유현황 7. 시스템보유현황 주요기술자별 약력 1. 대표이사 2. 임원짂 조직 및 용도별 수행실적 1. 조직 2. 용도별 수행실적

목 차 회사현황 1. 회사개요 2. 회사연혁 3. 회사업무영역/업무현황 4. 등록면허보유현황 5. 상훈현황 6. 기술자보유현황 7. 시스템보유현황 주요기술자별 약력 1. 대표이사 2. 임원짂 조직 및 용도별 수행실적 1. 조직 2. 용도별 수행실적 用 役 指 名 願 금번 貴 社 에서 실시하고자 하는 用 役 에 참여하고자 當 社 의 指 名 願 을 提 出 하오니 審 査 하시고 指 名 하여 주시면 감사하겠습니다. 2014년 (주)하우드 엔지니어링 종합건축사사무소 대표이사 문 홍 길 대표이사 채 희 대표이사 이 재 규 대표이사 김 성 우 SUBMISSION We are submitting our brochure

More information

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie Volume 12, Number 1, 92~102, An Intervention Study of Pain Reduction during IV Therapy in Hospitalized Children Myo-Jin Kim 1), Joung-Hae Bak 1), Won-Seok Seo 2) Mi-Young Kim 3), Sun-Kyoung Park 3), Jai-Soung

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: IPA * Analysis of Perc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI:   IPA * Analysis of Perc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.45-72 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.2.201806.45 IPA * Analysis of Perception and Needs on Teaching Competencies of Faculty

More information