대한방사선의학회지 1995; 32( 1) : 갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체선종의자기공명소견 1 강병철 김동익 정태섭 조용국 이은직 2. 정준근 2 목적갑상선자극호르몬 (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, TSH, Thyrotropin) 분비뇌하수

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1 대한방사선의학회지 1995; 32( 1) : 갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체선종의자기공명소견 1 강병철 김동익 정태섭 조용국 이은직 2. 정준근 2 목적갑상선자극호르몬 (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, TSH, Thyrotropin) 분비뇌하수체선종은매 우드문질환으로서, 이질환의자기공명소견을기술, 분석하여소견의의의를알아보고자하였다. 대상및방법최근 3년간수술및내과적진단밤법으로확진된 4염을대상으로하였다. 각각증례의자기공명소견을해부학적인위치, 정상뇌하수체전엽과비교한신호강도와그앙상, 모앙, 크기, 그리고주변의변화에대하여살펴보았다. 결과 : 4예의갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체선종의자기공명소견에서크기, 모앙, 신호감도, 주변의변화소견은일치되는점이없었으나, 그발샘위치는 4예모두에서뇌하수체전엽원위부의중심부 ( 점액앙설 ) 에서발생하는것으로관잘되었다. 결론 갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체섣종의자기공명소견중발생위치와비교적균일한신호강도늠진단에유용한소견임을알수있었다. 서 갑상선자극호르몬 (T h y roid stimulating hormone, 이하 는 TSH) 분비뇌하수체선종은자율적으로 TSH 를분비하 는뇌하수체선종에 료응 - 의해 2 차적으로갑상선기능항진증을 유발하는애우드문질환 년 Hamilton 등 (1) 이 보고 한이래로현재까지전세계적으로 100 여예의보고와국내 에서의 8 예정도의보고된바있음 (1-7) 이다. 그의치료 로는외과적절제와방사선요법의복합치료가많이이용되 고수술이불가능한경우는최근지속성 somatostatin 유 도체 (Iong -acting somatostatin analogue) 언 octreotide 가 TSH 분비뇌하수체선종의치료에 1 용되고있다 ( 8 12). 지금까지의많은보고에의하여뇌하수체선종의진단 에서의자기공명영상의유용성은인정되고있으나, TSH 분비뇌하수체선종에대한자기공명영상에대한보고가없 어자기공명영상소견을기술, 알아보고자하였다. 및 대상및방법 분석하여그진단적가치를 최근 3 년간자기공병영상을실시하고, 수술또는내과적 임상병리소견으로확진된 4 예의 TSH 분비뇌하수체선 1 연세대학교의과대학진단밤사선과학교실 2 연세대학교의과대학내과학교실 이논문은 1994 년 10 월 10 일접수하여 1994 년 12 월 15 일에채택되었음 종을대상으로후향적인방법으로자기공명영상의소견을기술, 분석하였다. 4예중 2예 ( 남자 /45세, 여자 /5 4세 ) 는수술로확진되고, 2예 ( 남자 / 10세, 여자 /55세) 는내과적인검사로진단되었다. 자기공명영상은 Siemens 1.0 T Magnetom 기기로스펀에코 (s pi n- echo) 방법으로, 3mm 두께로시상면, 관상면의 Tl 강조 ( 반복시간 / 에코시간, 500/15) 과 T2강조 ( 반복시간 / 에코시간, 300/80 ) 영상을얻고, 조영증강영상은 2예에서추가로역동학적영상과지연영상을관상면영상으로시행하였다. 자기공명영상은종양의위치, 크기, 모양, 정상뇌하수체전엽과비교한신호강도및그양상, 그리고, 주변의변화여부를관찰하였다. 결과환자의임상정보와자기공명영상의소견은 Table 1 과같이정리될수있겠다. 자가공명영상소견중 Tl 과 T 2강조 영상은정상뇌하수체전엽과같거나 ( 증례 2, 3, 4), 약간높은 ( 증례 1) 신호강도로관찰되었고, 대부분균일한신호강 도로관찰되었으나, 증례 4의 T2강조영상에서비균일성으로관찰되었다. 조영증강영상에서 4예모두에서정상뇌하수체보다조영증강이늦은양상으로관찰되였으며, 균일한신호강도의양상으로관찰되였다. 크기는다양하게관찰되었으나, 4 예모두에서원형또는타원형의종양으로뇌히수체전엽의중심 ( 원위부의내측중심, 또는원위부와융기부의접촉부위 ) 에서관찰되는양상으로관찰되었다. 증례 1 에서뇌하수체경 (Pituitary stalk) 의좌측편위가 45

2 대한방사선의학회지 1995 ; 32( 1) ; Mucoid Wedge" GH FSH GH ACTH PRL PRL PRL Fig. 1. Schematic parasagittal view 01 the pit미 tary gland demonstrating its components(13) The adenohypophysis is shaded in light gray, wheras the neurohyophysis is dark gray AC = anterior clinoid, DS= diaphragma sella, 1I 1= 3rd ventricle, IS= inlundibular stem, ME= median eminence, NL= neural lobe, OC=optic chiasm, PC=posterior cl inoid, PD = pars distalis, PI = pars intermedia, PT= pars tuberalis. 관찰되지만, 종양은뇌하수체경의바로앞에서중심성으로 위치하는것을관찰할수있었다. 고 찰 뇌하수체전엽은 Fig. 1 와같이원위부 (pars distalis), 중간부 (pars intermedia), 그리고융기부 (pars tuberalis) 의 3 개영역으로구분될수있으며, 서 중간부는대개성언에 퇴화되었거나, 임신시에커지는것으로 pro- opimelanocortin ce ll 들로구성되며, 융기부는시상하부의정중 융기 (medi an eminence of hypothalamus) 와뇌하수체경 (pituitar y sta lk) 에섬세하게접합되어있는구조로내분 비기능은거의없다시피한구조이고, 대부분의종양이원 Fig. 2. Distribution 01 cell types within the pituitary gland(13) Prolatin-and growth hormone-secreting cells predominate in the lateral wings, wheras cells secreting glycoprotein hormones occupy th e medial third. ACTH =corticotropin, ADH = antidiuretic hormone, FSH = lollicle-stimulating hormone, GH =growth hormone, OXY=oxytocin, PRL=prolactin, TSH = thyroid-stimlating hormone 위부에서발생하는것은그곳에내분비의기능이있는상피세포와모세혈관이분비선양의구조로배열되어있기때문이다 (1 3). 또, 원위부내에서도, 면역조직학적검사로호르몬특이성인각각의세포를구분하였을때, 통계적으로각세포의위치별특성을보고 (1 3, 1 4) 하고있고, 그것은 Fig. 2 와같이요약될수있고, 유선분비자극세포 (lac totroph) 와성장호르몬분비세포 (somatotroph) 는외측부위 Oateral wing) 에대부분이존재하고, 향갑상선성세포 ( thyrotroph) 와성선자극세포 ( gonadotroph) 는내측중심의소위, 정액성설 (mu coid wedge) 에밀집되어있는것으로알려져왔다 (1 3, 14). 본연구에서의갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체선종의자기공명영상의소견중에서환자의성별, 나이, 모양들은다른뇌하수체종양과다른감별점이없이관찰되였다. 또, 자기공명영상의신호강도에서균일한신호강도, T1 강조영상과 T2강조영상에서 3예에서는정상뇌하수체전엽과비 Table 1. MR Findings 01 the TSH(Thyrotropin)-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas Case S/ A Size Location Shape Signal intensity Homogeneity T1WI T2WI CE SD Surgical conlirm 1. m/45 5 X 7 central ovoid homogene ous high high delayed left-sided + 2. fl54 8 x 11 central round homogen eous iso iso delayed midline + 3. m/10 3X 4 central, anterior ovoid homogeneous iso iso delayed midline 4 1/55 10 X 11 central, anterior ovoid relative homogeneous iso iso-high delayed midline Size was measured as the maximum and minimum diameter at the center 01 the mass. (mm x mm) s/a means sex/age. (t=female, m= male) SD means the deviation 01 the pituitary stalk Ce means time 01 contrast enhancement

3 강병철외. 갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체선증의자기공명소견 교해서같았던것은대부분의뇌하수체미세종양의양상과 같은소견이나, 1 예에서높았던것은병리소견상출혈의 증거가없었기에, 아마도호르몬의활성도 ( 1 5) 나, 미세피 냥형성 (cyst), 또는자기공명영상의여러모수 (parameter) 와연관성이있을수있으나, 정확하지는않다. Steine r등 (16) 은일반적인뇌하수체종양은대개 Gd - DTPA의 a Fig. 3. Case 1. A 45-year- old man with headache, sweating a. T1-weighted coronal images show a 5 x 7 mm sized ovoid, homogeneous high signal intensity mass( left), centrally located j ust anterior 01 the pituitary stalk which is deviated toward the left(right) b. T2-weighted coronal image also shows high signal intensity lesion(arrowheads) compared with the signal intensity 01 the normal anterior pituitary gland(arrow) c. Enhanced T1-weighted sagittal image with Gd-DTPA shows a relatively delayed enhanced appearance compared with the signal intensity 01 the normal anterior pituitary gland. b c a b c Fig. 4. Case 2. A 54-year-old woman with palpitation, sweating, easy fatigability a. T1-weighted sagittal image reveals homogeneous intermediate signal intensity mass (white arrows), centrally located on the just anterior portion 01 the pituiatary stalk b. Dynamic precontrast images( TRITE = 100/12 msec, Flip angle= 50 0 ) shows centrally-iocated iso-signal intensity lesion(white arrows) c. Dynamic post-contrast image after 30-minutes 01 the intraveneous Gd-DTPA administration shows a delayed enhancing pattern d. Post-contrast delayed image reveals also homogeneous delayed enhanced lesions at the center 01 the anterior pituitary gland 47

4 대한방사선의학회지 1995 ; 32( 1) : 정맥주사후, 57% 정도에서정상뇌하수체보다낮은정도의조영증강을보인다고하였고, 갑상선자극호르몬분비종양에대해서는보고된바가없어비교할수는없으나, 본증례들은일반적인뇌하수체미세종양의양상과비슷한지연조영증강을모두에서관찰할수있었다. 위와같이거의모든소견이비특이적이지만, 발생위치에서는 4예모두에셔뇌하수체전엽원위부의중심또는전위중심의양상으로관찰될수있었던것은종양유발세포인향갑상선세포의정상적인위치 ( 점액성설, mucoid wedge) 와연관성 03, 종양은매우드물고, 증례의수가적어단정적으로결론을내릴수는없무나, 자기공명영상에서신호강도나조영증강의양상은유사하지만, 다른호르몬 ( 성장호르몬이나, 유선자극호르몬 ) 을분비하는뇌하수체종양과달리갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체선종은비교적균일한신호강도로중심성종양의양상으로관찰되는점이특정으로이것은향갑상선세포 ( 갑상선자극호르몬을분비하는세포 ) 가정상적으로뇌하수체전엽의내측중앙 ( 점액성설 ) 에위치하는것과일치한다. 그러나, 성선자극호르몬과부신피질 14) 이있을것이고, 이것은 Hardy( 17) 등에의해서확인 보고된사실과일치한다. 그리고, 증례 1 에서뇌하수체경 의좌측편위로일견종양이전엽의외측에서발생한듯이 자극호르몬의분비세포도이 필요한종양이다. 위치에존재하기에감별이 보이나, 관상면과시상면영상에서종양은정확히뇌하수 체경의앞에위치하는것을확인할수있었다. 결론적으로, 갑상선자극호르몬만을분비하는뇌하수체 참 고 C그 ~ 헌 1. Hamilton GR, Jr LC, Adams, Mallol F. Hyperthyroidism due t thyrotropin-producing pituitary chromophobe adenoma. N En gl J Med 1970 ; 283: 20 2 이은직, 이현칠, 김미림등뇌하수체갑상선자극호르몬분비세포선 종 1 예대한내분비학회지 1990;5 :302 3 윤호중, 흥대식, 홍관수, 차봉연 1 김영우, 손호영 TSH 분비성뇌하수 체선증 1 예대한내분비학회지 1986 ; 1: Lee EJ, Kim KR, Lee KM, et al. Thyrotropin-secretint pituitary microadenoma. Yonsei Med J 1992 ;33 : 이은직, 김경래, 김현만등뇌하수체갑상선자극호르몬분비선종대 한내분비학호 지 1992 ; 7: 331 Fig. 5. Case 3. A-10-year-old male with hyperthyroidism symptoms T1-weighted sagittal image shows homogeneous iso-isgnal intensity mass, located at the just anterior portion of the pituitary stalk(white arrows) 6 고문수, 이명식 l 이승훈, 김종현, 홍성웅수술요법으로생화학적관해가유도된 TSH 분비뇌하수체거대선종대한내분비학회지 1990; 5:243 a b Fig. 6. Case 4. A-55-year-old female with palpitation. a. T1-weighted axial image shows a 10x11 mm sized, ovoid, intermediate signal intensity mass on anterior pituitary gland b. T2-weighted axial image shows some heterogeneous signal intensity mass on the anterior pituitary gland C. Gd-DTPA enhanced coronal image also reveals relativèly delayed enhancing pattern 01 the mass Albert B, Roger ABS, Charles M, et al. Th yrotropin-secreting pituitary adenoma: Report 01 seven cases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991 ; 72 : Michel P, Jerome B, Jacques Y, et al. A human TSH-secreting adenoma: Endocrine, biochemical and morphological studies. Evidence 01 somatostatin receptors by using quantitative autoradiography. Clinical & biological improvement by SMS treatmen t. Acta endoclinologica 1991 ; 124: Comb RJ, Gesundheit N, Murray L, Gorden P, Weintrub BG Response 01 thyrotropinsecretint pituitary adenoma to a longc

5 강병철외 갑상선자극호르몬분비뇌하수체섣종의자기공명소견 acting somatostatin anlogue. N Engl J Med 1987; 317 : 12 and pars intermedia Handbook 01 physiology. Section 7: En- 10. Laurence K, Daniel S, Oppenheim, et al. Chronic soma- docrionology, Vol IV, pt1. Pituitary gland and its endocrine tostatin analog administration in patients with a-subunit- control ; secreting pituitary tumors. J Clin Endo Metab 1992 ;75: Ludin P, Nyman R, Burman P, Lundberg PO, Muhr C. MRI Andre W, Elisabeth L, Francoise G, et al. Shrinkage 01 a pituitary macroadenomas with relerence to hormonal activity priamry TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma treated with the Neuroradiology 1992 ; 34: long-acting somatostatin anlogue octreotide(sma ) 16. Steiner E, Imhol H, Knosp E. Gd-DTPA enhanced high resol- Acta Endocrinologica 1993; 124: 487 ution Mfl imaging 01 pituitary adenom a. AJNR 1989 ; Chanson P, Warnet A. Treatment 01 TSH-secreti ng adenoma with octreotide. Metabolism 1992 ;41 : Hardy J. Transsphenoidal surgery of hypersecreting pituitary 13. Allen DE. Modern imaging 01 the pituitary. Radiology 1993; tumors:diagnosis and treatment of pituitary tumors. In 187 : 1-14 Proceedings 01 the symposium 01 the 5th international con- 14. Baker BL. Functional cytology 01 the hypophyeal pars distalis gress 01 neurological surgery, Tokyo, October 7-13, 1973 Journal of the Korean Radiological Society, 1995; 32( 1) : MRI of the TSH (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone) -Secreting Pituitary Adenoma 1 Byung Chul Kang, M.D., Dong Ik Kim, M.D., Tae SUp Chung, M.D., Yong Kook Cho, M.D., Eun Gig Lee, M.D. 2, Joon Keun Jung, M.D. 2 1 Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University Medical College 2 Department of Internal Mediceine, Yonsei University Medical College Purpose: To demonstrate and evaluate the value of MRI fin dings of the TSH(Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, TSH, Thyrotropin)-secreting pituitary adenoma Materials and Methods: The authors reviewed retrospectively the MR images of 4 patients with TSH-secreting pituiatary adenoma. Evaluation of the anatomical location, signal characteristics, enhancement patterns, size, shape and ci rcunferential changes were made Results: No characterisfic common MR findings in size, shape, signal intensity, and circumferential changes of TSH-secreting pituiatary adenoma waere observed among 4 cases(size ; 5 x 7 mm to 10 x 11 mm, shape ; ovoid to round, signal intensity; high in 1 case on T1 and T2WI, isosignal intensity in the other 3 cases, circumferential change ; stalk deviation in 1 case, no stalk deviation in 3 cases). But, the tumors were centrally located at the anterior pituitary gland and showed relatively homogeneous signal intensity on MR images of all 4 patients Conclusion: We conclude that centrally-iocated mass at the anterior pituitary gland with homogeneous signal intensity on MR image may be suggestive of the TSH -secreting pituitary adenoma, although the MR findings are not specific for the disease. Index Words: Pituitary, neoplasms Pituitary, MR Address r eprint requests to : Byung Chul Kang, M.D., Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Y onsei University M edical College, # , Dogok -<long, Kangnam-gu, Seoul, Korea. Tel Fax

6 -r ;-11...~ 한 ; 국자기공명의과학연구회 '9,5 년학술일정및최원가입안내재 의학과관련된자기공명영상및자기공명분광등의제반학문및산엽분야에서의학술교류, 연구발표, 교육및회원간의긴밀한유대관계를위하여한국자기공명의과학연구회가창립되였으며, 95년도에다음의일정으로세미나와연구발표회를개최할예정입니다. 많은참여를바랍니다. 1. 학술일정안내 n 세미나 (4 회 / 년 ) (1) 3 월 3 1 일 ( 금 ) (2) 5 월 26 일 ( 금 ) (3) 7 월 7 일 ( 금 ) (4) 9 월 1 5 일 ( 금 ) 시깐 : 오후 7시 9시장소 : 아산생명과학연구소 1층회의실 ( 서울중앙병원구내 ) 참석범위 : 연구회회원 2) 연구발표회 (1 회 / 년 ) 내용 : 자유연제및심포지움 일시 : 년 11 월 4 일 ( 토 ) 오후 2 시 -6 시 장소 : 서울중앙병원 참석범위 : 제한없슴 2. 회원가입안내 본연구회의회원이되고자하시는분은아래주소로연락을주시거나, 장기현교수 ( 회장, 서울대 ), 임태환교수 ( 총무, 울산대 ) 에게문의하십시오. 연락처 : 서울특별시송파구풍납동 TEL: , 4155 FAX: 아산생명과학연구소 방사선의학연구과 문치웅 한국자기공명의과학연구회회장장기현

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