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1 w» wz, 7«4y(2005) Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 7, No. 4, (2005), pp. 282~288 ƒ ù k š w k 1 Á 2 Á 1 Áy y 1 Á 1 Á x 1 Á û 1 1 w û, 2 w ( ; ) Aboveground Carbon Storage of Quercus acuta Stands by Thinning Intensity Sang-Tae Lee 1, Yeong-Mo Son 2, Kyung-Jae Lee 1, Jaehong Hwang 1 S Jae-Chae Choi 1, Hyeon-Chul Shin 1 and Nam-Chang Park 1 1 Southern Forest Research Center, Korea Forest Research Institute Jinju, , Korea 2 Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul, , Korea (Received November 14, 2005; Accepted December 2, 2005) ABSTRACT This study was carried out to estimate aboveground carbon contents associated with four years of thinning treatment of Quercus acuta stands in Wando Arboretum, Jeonnam. Stand thinning was conducted over four years using stand table projection for each thinning treatment. Ten sample trees were cut in the surveyed area. Estimation of aboveground biomass was made using the equation model W = ad+ bd 2 where W is oven dry weight and D is DBH in cm. The total aboveground biomass for each intensity treatment area was : control (148.4 ton/ha), light (105.6 ton/ha), moderate (68.7 ton/ ha) and heavy (39.1 ton/ha). Aboveground carbon storage for Quercus acuta stands was found by multiplying dry weigh t (ton/ha) by 0.5. Carbon storage and increment after four years was: control (74.2 tonc/ha), light (52.8 tonc/ha), moderate (34.3 tonc/ha) and heavy thinning intensity area (38.2 tonc/ha). Key words : Carbon storage, Thinning intensity, Biomass, dry weight, Quercus acuta I.» w y x j y» q ƒ ƒw w» w. p y y» y w w, ùy j y ƒ. ùy»z y w w. w j p ƒ ƒ š œm ƒ, w w» w ƒ š. p 1997 hm»z y ƒ w x, w e w. ù ù ƒ k «ƒ j ƒ. k «w ƒ š ww k (Alban and Perala, 1992; Latitat et al., 2000). x» yk x 280 ppm 368 ppm 31% ƒ š Corresponding Author : Sang-Tae Lee(s_stlee@hanmail.net)

2 Lee et al.: Aboveground Carbon Storage of Quercus acuta Stands by Thinning Intensity 283. y ƒ k ƒ š { w y w w. p ùy 60% yk w, k { ùy ƒ j w, k» w. w yw k s ƒw» w ƒ w. Birdsey(1992) ƒ k sƒ w w, McPherson and Simpson (1999) yk w tw. w Tans et al.(1990) k w, Kurtz et al.(1992) k w» yk ƒ w tw. ü Park(1999)ƒ ù ù w k š sƒw. ¾ k š w x w. ù œ y š w š x w». w k «y yw k š w œ y y š w» š w. p ù m 65%ƒ, k ƒeƒ» ƒ d mw k «y w v w. ƒ ù ù w û s ù y tw»z y ù x ƒe š q. ƒ ù mw x, x w ƒ ù k š y wš w. ¾ ƒw w k š y w ƒ mw k š w» œw w. II y û ü ewš ù y Ÿ w swš. s ƒ ù, ù, yeù, ù. ü ƒ ù w š ƒ ù x ƒ ù, ƒ ù - ù, ƒ ù - ù, ƒ ù - ù j 4 w (Kim et al., 2002). w ewš, 20~25 o, m yw wd ù,, ù, yeù, vù xw, s y Table 1. Table y x y {š Table 1. The characteristic of stand thinning treatment in Quercus acuta Thinning intensity Control Light Moderate Heavy Age class DBH(cm) Height(m) III Remained tree(n/ha) 1,300 1,

3 284 Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 7, No. 4 s 4.0~14.5 cm, š 3.4~17.2 m s š, ƒ ù w ˆ û q. z ha 1,300, 1,025, 900 š 750. x ù w» tƒ» w {š w» ƒ ù w ww, s III š t d y w» w t d(stand table projection) w. m x y dw, ƒ t»k y w.» d» ƒ w. t d» 5~10 w» y ùkü (Pienaar and Harrison, 1988; Nepal and Somers, 1992). s x s w (growth index ratio or movement ratio) (1) w w.» g ù 4, š i ùkü. t Growth Index Ratio = (1) i k š ƒ ù w 20 mü 20 m j» w, ƒ 6~24 cm ¾ w w. t t ew w z w ƒ w, ü s³ 16 cm, s III, s³ š 13 m. 20 cm w d w, w w 2m m 10 cm Ì q w. ƒ w Table 2. Tested Biomass equation models for Quercus acuta where W is weight variables and D is DBH(cm) and a, b, c is parameters Estimation equation DBH variable I W = a + bd 2 II W = ad+ bd 2 III W = a + bd + cd 2 w, 1 2 ƒ w. w x ƒ ù d w, q ƒ w d w 85 o C» w ¾ w, ƒƒ d w. ƒ ù w x w (2004) ww x, t d š š» { š w 1 x w x Table 2. Table 2 z w ƒ f w» w w ƒ e w, I, II, III w 1/D ƒ e w 2, x w w. w ùkü w z R 2 (coefficient of determine) w ( w, 2004). ƒ ù w w ù, y ƒ ù ƒ w w. kƒ» ù, x w w š w. w ƒ k, k ƒ ù k š y w. III. š 3.1. ƒ ù y ƒ

4 Lee et al.: Aboveground Carbon Storage of Quercus acuta Stands by Thinning Intensity 285 Fig. 1. Comparison of the future DBH distribution after 4 years with current year DBH distribution in Quercus acuta. y dt w w Fig. 1. Fig. 1 ha 1,300, x 3 ¾ w w. s 10~24 cm 10~30 cm¾ y. x m 3 /ha, 4 z d m 3 / ha ƒw d.» ha 1025, t d w

5 286 Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 7, No. 4 Table 3. Dry weight of sample tree of Quercus acuta (unit : kg) Height(m) DBH(cm) Stem Leaf 2 year Leaf 1 year Branch 2 year Branch 1 year w ùkû s x 6~20 cm 6~26 cm y. y m 3 /ha d m 3 /ha ƒw. ha 900, dt x 2 ¾ w d. sƒ 8~22 cm 8~26 cm¾ y, x m 3 /ha d m 3 /ha ƒw d.» ha 750 x w x s 4 ¾ w d w ƒ w j ùkû. dt w s» sƒ 8~18 cm 4 d 8~26 cm¾ y. x m 3 /ha, 4 z d m 3 / ha ƒw d x ƒ ù w» w t 10, t ƒ 1, 2 w, d s Table 3. Table 3 ƒ ù s 75% wš, ƒ 2 14%, 1 0.8% wš ùkû. 1, 2 w j ùkù ù, ƒ Table 4. Dry weight estimation equation of individual tree biomass of Quercus acuta, where W is weight in kg and D is DBH in cm Model Parameters a b c W = a + bd W = ad+ bd W = a + bd + cd w 2. ƒ ù {š 1 w w Table 4. {š w x, w š w ƒ w 1/D 2 ƒ e w. Table 4 w {š x w 1/D 2 ƒ e w I~III w ƒ ~ s š. x w ùkü ùkû, x W=aD+bD 2 w 4 z w x k š ƒ ù w 4 z d Table 5. R 2

6 Lee et al.: Aboveground Carbon Storage of Quercus acuta Stands by Thinning Intensity 287 Table 5. Aboveground estimated biomass production(ton/ ha) 2003 year and after four years of thinning treatment of Quercus acuta Thinning intensity Year Predicted increasing ratio.(%) Control Light Moderate Heavy Table 5 s ƒ ton/ha, 65.8 ton/ha ƒƒ. ƒ ù x k 4 z x s ƒ ton/ha, ton/ha š ƒƒ 76.4, 68.7 ton/ha ùkû. w Son et al.(2004) ù w ~ ton/ha w û e, Park and Lee(2002)ƒ šw û Ÿ, sw ù 42.00~88.32 ton/ha w ùkû, w w we š ùkû. p, ƒ ù z š w y j, ƒ š w ƒ w 39.1% ƒ š. ƒ w k š w 50% w Table 6 (Alban and Peralam 1992). Table 6 ƒ k š 52.1 tonc/ha, 32.9t onc/ha ùkû, z 4 d k š 74.2 tonc/ha, 52.8 tonc/ha, 34.3 Table 6. Aboveground estimated carbon content(tonc/ha) 2003 and after four years of thinning treatment of Quercus acuta Year Thinning intensity Control Light Moderate Heavy tonc/ha š 38.2 tonc/ha d. k š, ùkù. ƒ ù w ƒ» k w., Park(1999) ù ù k š s³ 39 ù tonc/ha, s³ 40 ù tonc/ha ù, ƒ ù w û e, ù w e š. ù ƒ ù s³ 20~30 w ù k š q. ù ù ƒ ƒƒ 835, 907 ƒ ù û, w e š, w e š. š w ƒ ù k š» ƒ w, ù ù w û, s š w k š w q. w ù s³e(ovington, 1965) 87.3 tonc/ha w w s š ƒ û û ù kû. ƒ ù w w w kv, ƒ œ»,»z y k š sƒ d w w. p ù wù ƒ ù û w swš, w»»z y» sƒ mw ƒe k. IV. û ƒ ù 4 k š w» w. 4 dt w, s W

7 288 Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Vol. 7, No. 4 =ad+bd 2 x w w. (148.4 ton/ha), (105.6 ton/ha), (68.7 ton/ha) š (39.1 ton/ha) s. ƒ ù 4 k š 0.5 w w, (74.2 tonc/ha), (52.8 tonc/ha), (34.3 tonc/ha) š k š 38.2 tonc/ha. x w, 2004: sƒ d l. 125pp. Alban, D. H., and D. A. Perala, 1992: Carbon storage in Lake States aspen ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, Birdsey, R. A., 1992: Carbon Storage and Accumulation in United States Forest Ecosystems. USDA-USFG Gene. Tech. Rep. NE pp. Kim, S. O., S. C. Chin and C. J. Oh, 2002: The Community Structure of Quercus acuta Forest at Wando Warm- Temperate Forest Arboretum. Journal of Korean Forest Society 91(6), Kurtz, W. A., M. J. Apps, T. M. Webb and P. J. McNamee, 1992: The carbon budget of the Canadian Forest Sector : Phase I. Inf. Rep. NOR-X-326, Forestry Canada, Edmonton, Alberta. 56pp. Latitat, E., T. Karjalainen, D. Loustau and M. Lindner, 2000: Contribution of forests and forestry to mitigate greenhouse effects. Biotechnology, Agronomy Society and Environment 4(4), McPherson, E. G., and J. R. Simpson, 1999: Carbon Dioxide Reduction through Urban Forestry : Guideline for Professional and Volunteer Tree Planters. USDA- USFS Gen. Tech. Rep. PSW-GRT pp. Nepal, S. K., and G. L. Somers, 1992: A generalized approach to stand table projection. Forest Science 38,: Ovington, J. D., 1965: Organic production, turnover and mineral cycling in woodlands. Biological Revolution 40, Park, G. S., 1999: Aboveground and Soil Carbon Storage in Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis Natural Forest Ecosystems in Chungju. Journal of Korean Forest Society 88(1), Park, G. S., and S. W. Lee, 2002: Biomass and Net Primary Production of Quercus serrata Natural Stands in Kwangyang, Muju, and Pohang Areas. Journal of Korean Forest Society 91(6), Pienaar, L. V. and W. M. Harrison, 1988: A stand table projection approach to yield prediction in unthinned even-aged stand. Forest Science 34, Son, Y., I. H. Park, M. J. Yi, H. O. Jin, D. Y. Kim, R. H. Kim and J. O. Hwang, 2004: Biomass, production and nutrient distribution of a natural oak forest in central Korea. Ecological Research 19, Tans P. P., I. Y. Fung, and Taro Takahashi, 1990: Observational constraints on the global atmospheric CO 2 budget. Forset Science 247,