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1 2007, Vol. 51, No. 2 Printed in the Republic of Korea xw yw w w» e w z Á Á y Áw # Á k * w yw w w w w w # w w w ( ) Influences of Current Education Programs for Preservice Chemistry Teachers upon Preservice Science Teachers' Self-Images as Science Teachers Hunsik Kang, Sukjin Shin, Jeongho Cha, JaeYoung Han #, and Taehee Noh* Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul , Korea Department of Science Education, Chuncheon National University of Education, Chuncheon , Korea Division of Science Education, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk , Korea # School of Science Education, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk , Korea (Received October 30, 2006). Draw-A-Science-Teacher-Test Checklist(DASTT-C) w ü xw w w w» e w w. 3 w w z, yw ( w w yw œ) 3w 72, 4w 53 z DASTT-C w., ü w w» w w w. w w ü š w z w w ƒ. z w w w» w. w» w e w -w x, x w. w w w. : w», DASTT-C ABSTRACT. This study examined the influences of current education programs for preservice chemistry teachers upon preservice science teachers self-images as science teachers by using Draw-A-Science-Teacher-Test Checklist (DASTT-C). Seventy-two juniors and fifty-three seniors were selected from the department of chemistry education or department of science education (chemistry major) in three colleges of education. DASTT-C was administered to the juniors before having science education courses, and to the seniors before and after teaching practices. The results revealed that preservice science teachers self-images as science teachers were more teacher-centered than student-centered. Only a few preservice science teachers exhibited student-centered images after having science education courses including the contents on constructivism. The self-images of some preservice science teachers even changed from student-centered to teacher-centered after having teaching practices. Many preservice science teachers answered that the main factors affected to their self-images as science teachers were prior teaching-learning experiences and/or the lim- 201

2 202 z Á Á yáw Á k itations in the real situations. Educational implications of these findings are discussed. Keywords: Self-image As Science Teacher, DASTT-C 1980 z w w q w w w w w z w w zw w w eš. p w x w, w š» w ü, -w, w sƒ, w v j w eš. ù w t 1 sw jš š, w š e w j w. ù x w w š ƒw wš ww wš, w y w. x y 2,3 w» w w yƒ, x w w œ w. 4 w w y j» w w v, ƒ ü, z -w w (PCK: pedagogical contents knowledge) ƒ w. 5.6 ù w w w e. 7-9 w, -w x mw x m ü ü ƒ e w w ù, šw w š š , p w x ùƒ» l ƒ w w v ƒ. w w ü z zw» w xw w e w w ƒ w w. w ù w mw ù ù, w 12 ew. x 2,13 w w w e w k wš z w» w w mw w v ƒ. ù ¾ x w w w w ù w w w. w, ù xk mw w, mw -w w w ü (mental image) txw» d» w ƒ. -w w w ü 19 y w w e xw w w w zw w. ƒ txw œ, e y ù k, ƒe w œw w w q ƒ w w, w ù pw š xk j z y. 19,20, w w ƒ w w š w w w 21 DASTT-C(Draw-A-Science- Teacher-Test Checklist) w w w w ƒ., DASTT-C w, w, y ƒ d w, w w w e y œw. 21, Thomas 21 DASTT-C w

3 xw yw w w» e w 203 w 850 w j ( «,, ),» w, ( ), û (,, ) ƒ eq w ƒ e w, l m y p ùkü w w y w w ƒ š wš w ƒƒ 1 w. y y w w «(A w), w. (B w), (C w). z, w ù ¾ DASTT-C y w yw ( w w yw œ) 3w w 10,21,22 x 23 w w w. p y w ƒ, 4w w txw w y y ù ƒ 5 z 6 e w, 19 t, ü DASTT-C ƒ w w., w w w 3w w A w 29, B ƒ ù 24,25 w w 22, C w w w p w, A w 21 ƒ., B w 19, C w ù, ü w z w (A w 5, C w» w 4 ) w ƒ e xw yw w DASTT-C w. w, C w 4w w 2 w w. w yw ù w w ( w w yw œ) y. w w Table 1 w. w yw( w) y w w w, zw, s w( w) ƒ s³ 3w A yw v w w 2.28, B w 4.05, C w 7.43 š, 4w ³ wš, A w 5.67, B w 12.37, C w w.. (1) ü w w» p w. w w. (2) ü w w A w, yw (3w 1w»), yw» e w (3w 2w»), yw (4w x w e w. 1w») v wš (3) ü w w. yw ü w w» e w x w, w, w w w e w.. ƒ w w w ü 2007, Vol. 51, No. 2». yw w w yw œ ü w w w w w ƒ wš w( «3, 1, 3, 3, 2 ) w. ù Table 1. Numbers of subjects Junior Senior Pretest Posttest University A University B University C Total

4 204 z Á Á yáw Á k t w. w, 2-3 w ù y w m ( m 2z sw) w. w s l t xk w. yw ü, STS x, yw x, x w x sww x. ƒ w z, œ y w ù w ù y w xk w. w» z t w x w w. yw ü w w y, w sƒ, m w. B w, w (3w 1w») v wš š, yw yw (3w 2w») y w (4w 1w») ù wwš. w ü w w ù w, -w. w w w t m w š, ù w 1 ~6 ¾ w w. -w w w t w. yw w yw 26 ƒ w, tw xk w š, z w w yw wš w z v xk w., ƒ œw v x» w w x š w ww d. yw x w» w, w» w w ª w w v xk w. C w, yw (3w 2w») y w (4w 1w») v wš. yw ü w w w, w. ƒ w w š, w w w ƒ w» w w ww. yw x œw» w, w w w ƒ ù w -w x w w z, w 15 w xk w., ü ƒ w w w y w š w š.. w w» w» w 21 DASTT-C w w. w w ƒ w w w š, w y w w w. DASTT-C p, w, y ƒ. y ( x,, ƒ ) eù (œ e, ) w 5ƒ w. w w y (, w ) eù ( ) w 3ƒ w. y ù x p (, k, k x, eq, w» ) w 5ƒ w. ƒ w tx 1, tx 0 w, 13., yw tx w mw y w. ü (Cronbach α) 0.81, z ƒ ƒ 0.86, w w» w e» w

5 2007, Vol. 51, No. 2 xw yw w w» e w 205 DASTT-C w 2 š w ƒw., w» w -w x, -w w m, z» xw ù ƒ w. w w ƒ 3 k, w w mw, w z w.. w DASTT-C DASTT-C p w. DASTT- C Louca 27» 0~4 w (student-centered), 5~6 (no decision), 7~13 (teacher-centered) w w., ƒ -w ƒ, ƒ š y ww. w, p w š, sƒ w ü š., w w w š y k üwš w. w, y š w k y w, w w w. 21 w w» p w» w. ƒ w w» e w w» w z( ) w w (w,, ) (%) w. w, DASTT-C (, w, y ) w t t- (independent t-test) w. ƒ w w» e w w» w z w y w y( : w ) w z, w (%) w. z DASTT-C w t t- (dependent t-test) (, w, y ) w. w» w e w w w yw (%) w. w» p w e w, w w w w w wš, w 21,27 w w» w. w, ƒ w ƒ ƒ mww w. DASTT-C w» w 2 ƒ w ƒƒ wš w w e ƒ 0.90 w z, 1 w. w, w w w ww w wš w z, w ƒ, w, w w 10 mw, w w k y wš w. w. 3 w w w, w yw ( w yw œ) w yw w ƒ. ü w xy w» w w y w ùkù w š w w. w, v w, w w» e xw yw w d ww w ƒ. ü w w» w w w Fig. 1

6 206 z Á Á yáw Á k Fig. 1. Teacher-centered DASTT-C picture and explanation. w. w w w m ƒ., eq ù p w ƒ eš., ù., x. p. Thomas 21 w w w p w w p. ù w ù y y d p ùkû., ƒ x v TVù v l ƒ mw w x ù p w w w p. p p w w ƒ w y ùkü w š w. 21 w, x» x, w x w ICT(Information and Communication Technology)ù CAI(Computer-Assisted Instruction) p y p. w w w w p Thomas 21 w p w y ù Á y w wì w k y ww ù, z w» p (Fig. 2). w, Fig. 2. Student-centered DASTT-C picture and explanation. m y w w y ww w x ù sw. w p w w ƒ» w w w w y p, w 21 mw w ƒ» ù x w wƒ š 1 w. w w» e w w» e w. z w w» w Table 2, DASTT-C w Table 2. Frequencies (and percentages) of preservice science teachers' self-images as science teachers before and after having science education courses Before * (n=72) After ** (n=53) Teacher-centered 60 (83.4) 40 (77.0) No decision 6 ( 8.3) 4 (7.7) Student-centered 6 ( 8.3) 8 (15.3) Total 72 (100.0) 52 (100.0) * Juniors not having science education courses. ** Seniors not having teaching practices.

7 xw yw w w» e w 207 Table 3. Results of independent t-test on DASTT-C scores Before (n=72) After (n=53) M SD M SD t p Teacher (5) * Students (3) * Environment (5) * Total (13) * * Full marks. t t- Table 3 w. w w 83.4% w (8.3%) {. DASTT- C s³ r. z (77.0%) wš w (15.3%) ƒw ù w {. DASTT-C s³ 9.15 w ù, ƒ m w. ü w w» m w w, x w x š ü w w z w w. w» x w e., w ( 96.7%, w 100.0%) w» w e ƒ j -w x w., w w š w xw w (45.0%, w A) ù ƒ ¾ (40.0%, w B), ù w x(12.0%) w š w. w wœ w x w w y ƒª w w» w w w š ù ù x w y k¾ w " š w w Ì v p 0)1 w 0)1 ü w p x j ƒ w š ƒw w # ù,» -w x w š ƒw w w w w p ùkü w. w» xw v w w» w. w w ƒ ¾ (66.7%) w w ƒ. ù w x y ù z x y, w y w m mw x ww ùƒ xw w š w. w C ƒ w ü. w w z w w t wšš» û w» ƒò v w š w $ 2007, Vol. 51, No. 2

8 208 z Á Á yáw Á k z w w» w e -w x( 75.0%, w 62.5%) w. w, w š w xw w (32.5%) ù ƒ ¾ (22.5%), ù w x(20.0%) w, x w. w w z ¾ xw m w w š. w w 37.5% ù w x w. ù w ù w mw w w w ƒ w ww š w. w. w ü w p œw ƒw»z z ƒw»z œw z w w % w š w ( 67.5%, w 50.0%), yw ( w) yw w j š w w., 55.0% y w ù y w x, x w x x w w x w» w š w. w. w w x ùq» w ù wü» ƒ ü e w üƒ w w ü w w & ù ww ù w w, x y w w» w w. 3 x w -w x ù w ƒ w y w» š, x y w ww w w k x w š w. w, x w w l w m -w x w z j w š š. w 11 m -w x mw w w w x w y w -w x w w» ùkû ƒ. 28 wr, w 8 w 4 (50.0%) yw x w m mw w x w,. yw w x ƒ j w y w x zwš y wƒ x ƒ yw x ¾» üƒwš w ' Thomas 10 Pederson m y j» w ü ü ƒ e w š w.

9 xw yw w w» e w 209, w w» w -w x z œw» w š w v ƒ. ù w w A w w š, ù w. w w ƒ w e w w d w v ƒ. w w» e w w» e w. z w w» y w w Table 4, z DASTT-C w t t- Table 5. w 94.4%ƒ z š. w Table 4. Frequencies (and percentages) of the change of preservice science teachers' self-images as a science teachers after having teaching practices Before After N (%) Teacher-centered (n=36) No decision (n=3) Student-centered (n=5) Teacher-centered 34 (94.4) No decision 1 (2.8) Student-centered 1 (2.8) Teacher-centered 2 (66.7) No decision 1 (33.3) Student-centered - Teacher-centered 4 (80.0) No decision - Student-centered 1 (20.0) 5 w 4 (80.0%) 3 w 2 (66.7%) w., ƒ ü ù Á ww š, w p w m ù k y w, ü w ƒ, k, eq, k x. ù z ƒ w x ù v TV w wwš, w š. z DASTT-C m w ƒ. xw ü w x w y j z w, m y k ƒ w. wr, w w ƒ x wwš w g ù, z w x wwš, z w w w w. w z w x w ww w v wš w w y w»» š w. y, w w w k ƒ w š, mw w ƒw. -w y w v w. Table 5. Results of dependent t-test on DASTT-C scores Pretest (n=44) Posttest (N=44) M SD M SD t p Teacher Students Environment Total , Vol. 51, No. 2

10 210 z Á Á yáw Á k w» x w e. z š w w 38.2%ƒ» ww x w» w š w. w. ƒ w x j š ƒ w w œ wü ƒ w ( w w e 29 w wwš, mw ƒ š y» ùkû š ƒw. w y k» y k š. 30 x, w,, w m w y ù» w w t. p, z š w w w (47.1%) w w w w (75.0%). x w w» e w j w.. mw x ù w k w šx Ñ ƒ w w ¾ š w w f» w x w w m w x w m w»ƒ šw x w ƒ w w w w ) x w w šƒú x w w x w w *» m -w x w -w x e w w w ù, w 30 w 31 w mw w. w, w x w m w z Ï m z w x 14 w. w z» w w v ƒ. w» w DASTT-C w xw yw ü w w» e w w., ü w w» w w w. w w ü š w z w w. z w w w» w. w» w e w w x, x w. w x w y w w x w w, w ƒ w w. ù xw 7,32 yw w w» w. p, w y

11 2007, Vol. 51, No. 2 xw yw w w» e w 211 w w y w š wš ƒ ùkù xw yw yƒ v w w. w y j z w xw yw w w., x w -w x œ w w ƒ y w, z w -w x œw v ƒ. w, w x x w m z j»ƒ ù kû, w x ü w w k v ƒ. w mw» w x w» w»z œw xw w t -w x, x 33 w z w x w» w w v., x w x w m m y j x, y w ù x w w. w, w w w y ƒ w e w ù w w z w, sƒ w w š w. w y w» w x w w» w v w. ù ƒ ww w ƒ š», w w, ƒ š v w. x w ƒ y j» w w w y j», x w 5,6 w y j w w ( w» ) w w w (No. R ). x 1. x;. w w wz. 2002, 22, š w w w -w w. w w w , 7, û , 16, w w wz. 2006, 26, van Driel, J. H.; Beijaard, D.; Verloop, N. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 2001, 38, ; x. w w wz. 1999, 19, ;. w w wz. 2002, 22, Hashweh, M. Z. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 1996, 33, Thomas, J. A.; Pedersen, J. E. School Science and Mathematics. 2003, 103, Pajares, M. F. Review of Educational Research. 1992, 62, Tobin, K. International Journal of Science Education. 1993, 15, Simmons, P. E.; Emory, A.; Carter, T.; Coker, T.; Finnegan, B.; Crockett, D.; Richardson, L.; Yager, R.; Craven, J.; Tillotson, J.; Brunkhorst, H.; Twiest, M.; Hossain, K.; Gallagher, J.; Duggan-Haas, D.; Parker, J.; Cajas, F.; Alshannag, Q.; McGlamery, S.; Krockover, J.; Adams, P.; Spector, B.; LaPorta, T.; James, B.; Rearden, K.; Labuda, K. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 1999, 36, w wz. 2002, 23, ;. w w wz. 1995, 15, w w wz. 2000, 20, Porlán, R.; del Pozo, R. M. Journal of Science Teacher Education. 2004, 15, Southerland, S. A.; Gess-Newsome, J. Science Education. 1999, 83, Weber, S.; Mitchell, C. Teaching and Teaching Education. 1996, 12, White, R.; Gunstone, R. Probing understanding; The Falmer Press: London, U. K., Thomas, J. A.; Pedersen, J. E.; Finson, K. Journal of

12 212 z Á Á yáw Á k Science Teacher Education. 2001, 12, Finson, K. D. Journal of Elementary Science Education. 2001, 13, Finson, K. D.; Thomas, J.; Pedersen, J. School Science and Mathematics. 2006, 106, w. 1997, 9, ; ½ z. w w wz. 2004, 24, ; ; ; ; œ k; «x ; ½ x; û ; ; ; x ; x; y; «; y. yw ; e : q, w, Louca, P.; Rigas, P.; Valanides, N. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Science Education; Papastylianou, A., Ed.; ARLO Ltd.: Nicosia, Cyprus, 2002; p Bryan, L. Journal of Research in Science Teaching. 2003, 40, Clark, C. M.; Peterson, P. L. In Handbook of research on teaching; Wittrock, M. C.; Ed.; Macmilian: New York, U. S. A., 1986, p Hancock, E. S.; Gallard, A. J. Journal of Science Teacher Education. 2004, 15, Haney, J. J.; McArthur, J. Science Education. 2002, 86, Marra, R. Learning Environments Research. 2005, 8, k,. w. 2002, 6, 407.

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