Simplify your Job Automatic Storage Management DB TSC

1. DBA Challenges 2. ASM Disk group 3. Mirroring/Striping/Rebalancing 4. Traditional vs. ASM 5. ASM administration 6. ASM Summary

Capacity in Terabytes 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Disk Capacity Capacity /DB Adm Mgmt Gap 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Strategic Research Corporation

DBA

(Automatic Storage Management, ASM) Automatic Storage Management, cluster file system volume manager file system Cluster database

ASM Tables Tables Tablespace Files File System Logical Vol 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 Tablespace Files File System Logical Vol Oracle ASM Disks Disk Group

Application Application Application Application Database Database File System Volume Manager Operating System

File 2 File 1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1

ASM Disk Groups Disk Group

ASM Disk Groups (M bytes, Extent) Disk Group

ASM Disk Groups (M bytes, Extent) Disk group Disk Group

ASM Disk Groups (M bytes, Extent) Disk group Coarse / fine grain Disk Group

ASM Disk Groups Disk Group (M bytes, Extent) Disk group Coarse / fine grain OMF(Oracle Managed Files)

Disk Groups & Failure Groups Controller 1 Controller 2 Failure Group 1 Failure Group 2 Disk Group Disk Group Failure Group Disk Group ASM Disk Group DBA Failure Group, Extent Failure group Failure Groups DBA ASM

ASM Disk group redundancy External: hardware Normal: 2-way High: 3-way / dirty region logging

ASM Extent Primary & Mirror extent

ASM hot spare disk load I/O load

ASM Array NVRAM (data redundancy)

ASM Coarse striping Fine Grained striping

Name Archivelog Autobackup Controlfile Datafile Flashback Onlinelog ParameterFile Tempfile Stripe Coarse Coarse Fine Coarse Fine Fine Coarse Coarse Redundancy Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal

ASM (!!) Disk Group

ASM (!!) I/O Disk Group

ASM (!!) Disk Group

ASM ASM Instance Non RAC Database Oracle DB Instance Server Pool of Storage Disk Group

ASM ASM Instance ASM Instance RAC Database Clustered Servers Clustered Pool of Storage Oracle DB Instance Oracle DB Instance Disk Group

ASM ASM Instance ASM Instance RAC Database Clustered Servers Clustered Pool of Storage Oracle DB Instance Oracle DB Instance Disk Group Disk Group

ASM ASM Instance ASM Instance ASM Instance ASM Instance RAC or Non RAC Databases Oracle DB Instance Oracle DB Instance Oracle DB Instance Oracle DB Instance Oracle DB Instance Clustered Servers Clustered Pool of Storage Disk Group Disk Group

ASM - 1. 1. 2. Volume Manager, File 2. ASM System 3. Disk Group 3. hot spot 4. s/w 4. Logical volumes 5. File system 6. s/w 5. 7.

ASM 1. OS 1. OS 2. Volume Manager 2. Add Disk volume 3. volume File System 4. 5. 6. 7. I/O

ASM 1. 1. Drop disk 2. 2. File system 3. 4. 5. OS 6. I/O

ASM 1. OS 1. OS 2. 2. Add disk 3. Drop 3. Volume Manager Disk volume 4. 4. File system 5. 6. 7. OS 8. I/O

ASM I/O 1. I/O This space intentionally left 2. hot spot blank 3. hot spots 4. 5. 6. hot spot

ASM 1. This space intentionally left blank 2. Fragmentation 3. Fragmentation 4. 5. 6. Fragmentation

ASM = OSM

EM ASM

ASM Diskgroups Disks Files 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010

ASM diskgroups Redundancy External ( ) Normal (2-way ) 2 failure groups High (3-way ) 3 failure groups

ASM diskstring Scan ( ) /dev/rdsk* /dev/sd[a-f] osm_diskstring OS specific default /dev/raw/raw* on Linux \\.\PhysicalDrive[1-9]* on Windows

ASM init.ora instance_type=asm RDBMS osm_diskgroup=<diskgroup1>, <diskgroup2> Diskgroup startup mount, alter diskgroup mount all

Diskgroup #1 create diskgroup group1 disk /dev/raw/raw1 ; create diskgroup group2 external redundancy disk /dev/raw/raw2 ;

Diskgroup #2 Create diskgroup dgroup3 failgroup controller0 disk /dev/c0t*, failgroup controller1 disk /dev/c1t* ;

V$osm_diskgroup select name, state from v$osm_diskgroup; NAME STATE ------------------ ------- GROUP1 MOUNTED

Diskgroup Drop diskgroup group1; Drop diskgroup group2 including contents;

ASM administration Diskgroups Disks Files 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010

V$osm_disk osm_diskstring ASM OS device Redundancy

V$osm_disk select name, total_mb, free_mb from v$osm_disk; NAME TOTAL_MB FREE_MB ------------ -------- ------- GROUP1_0001 1000 453

Disk alter diskgroup group1 add disk /dev/raw/raw9, /dev/raw/raw10 ;

/ osm_power_limit=[1-11] alter diskgroup group1 drop disk group1_0000 rebalance power 4;

V$osm_operation Mbyte Select sofar, est_rate, est_minutes from v$osm_operation; SOFAR EST_RATE EST_MINUTES ----- -------- ----------- 373 400 1

ASM administration Diskgroups Disks Files 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010 0010

ASM file ASM file (OMF ) create tablespace data datafile +group1/data ; File alter diskgroup group1 drop file +group1/data ;

File (3-way, 2-way, None) Coarse (1MB) Fine-grained (8x128k)

V$osm_template Select name, redudnancy, stripe from v$osm_template where name=datafile; NAME REDUND STRIPE --------------------- ------ ------ DATAFILE NORMAL COARSE

ASM init.ora instance_type=asm osm_diskstring=/dev/raw/raw* osm_diskgroup=group1 osm_power_limit=1

ASM Fixed Tables V$osm_disk V$osm_diskgroup V$osm_file V$osm_alias V$osm_template V$osm_operation V$osm_client

8 7 7 7 6 8 6 6 Nbr Steps 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 5 2 2 Install Add Storage Remove Storage 4 Migrate Storage Tune I/O 0 0 Manage Space ASM Traditional

ASM - File system / Volume manager solution Disk group I/O ( ) Fine / Coarse grain

ASM - Software dirty region logging hot spare disk I/O ASM I/O direct I/O(not OS buffering) I/O Mainframe

. ASM Grid Computing

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