A T M LA N / E m ulation Network Standardization Trend of ATM LAN/Emulation Transmission Techniques (D.C. Lee) (K.S. Park) (Y.H. Ryu) (D.I. Kim), 1999 1 18 22, (Maui) T1P1 ATM LAN/ E 2.0ATM LAN MPOA..,... T 1P 1 Omnipoint AT M LAN/ Emulation, (LAN) (backbone) AT M., AT M AT M. AT M LAN/ E. LAN/ E. LAN/ E,,,.. A T M LA N/ Emulation 1. AT M 10. AT M LAN WAN.. AT M AT M. [post ( )], [ (cell)]. AT M AT M. (T DMA ).. AT M.
.. AT M PC, LAN 1) ( ), 2) ( ), PBX, T V AT M 2. (access) AT M. LAN AT M (T DM ).,. burst...... ( 1) AT M. AT M AT M (VC) (VP).,.. AT M, (connection oriented).. ( 2).. T DM.... AT M. 1) LAN,,. 2). 3). AT M AT M.... AT M 1) 3) T DM. LAN burst,, ( )
ABR best effort UBR.. AT M AT M 48 5 AT M. AT M UNI(User Netw ork Interface). GFC(Generic flow Control), VPI(Virtual Path Indentifier ), VCI(Virtual Channel Ide ntifier ), PT (Payload T ype), CLP (Cell Loss Priority), HEC(Header Error Check) ( 4). ( 2) AT M, GFC. 0,. (VPI) QoS (Quality of Service). (< 1> ) CBR(Constant Bit Rate) VBR(Variable Bit Rate). CBR T DM.. VBR. - - LAN VBR. - LAN. - ( 3). ( 3) AT M. ( 4) AT M (VCI), AT M. PT, RM ( cell) AAL5. CLP. CLP =1, CLP=0. CLP. HEC. 1. 1.. HEC AT M 53.. AT M (AT M Adaptation Layer ) AT M AAL(AT M
Adaptation Layer ). AAL AT M 48 /. AT M LAN 1k,. AAL (AT M Adaptation Layer ) CS (Convergence Sublayer ) SAR (Segmentation And Reassembly sublayer ). CS timing, SAR AT M,. timing AT M / AAL. < 2> AAL AAL AAL 1 : AAL 2 : AAL 3 : AAL AAL 4 : AAL 4 1. AT M Table 1. A kind of ATM to support Service Class Service cla ss CBR (Con stant Bit Rate). VBR (V ariable Bit Rate. ABR (Av ailiable Bit Rate ). UBR (Un specified Bit Rate) (< 2> ). AAL1 AAL5. ( 5) AT M AAL1 AAL5 AAL (trailer ). AAL. AAL ( 5). AAL1 CBR. AT M. AT M Emulation. AAL5 VBR AAL. LAN
,. AAL5 AAL,. AT M PNNI,,. AT M.,, LAN AAL5. PNNI,. AAL5. 2. AT M,. 2.. AT M SVC PVC. SVC,.,. SVC 1) 2) (QoS ) AT M. QoS AT M. AT M PVC., AT M SVC. AT M soft PVP (soft Permanent Virtual Path ) PVC, WAN SVC. AT M soft PVP... (QoS ) ISDN., ISDN. AT M ISDN QoS..,. AT M., bur st PNNI(Private Netw ork to Netw ork Interface). PNNI AT M AT M.. QoS. PNNI AT M, AT M 2 (< 3> ). (congestion ) PCR, SCR, (route). MCR, MBS, CDVT. PNNI AT M. AT M, A, B,. PCR, SCR, MCR. MBS CDVT. CDV, CLR, CT D, CER. CDV, CLR, CT D, CER. QoS (topology ), (class ) CBR, VBR, ABR, UBR 4 (route),. (< 4> ). VBR PNNI AT M VBR- RT (Variable Bit Rate- Real, T ime) VBR- NRT
(VBR- Non Real T ime) 2. AT M. VBR ABR. CBR VBR (flow control):, ABR. ABR CBR VBR,. RM : (resource) AT M PT (Payload T ype) [110].,,,.. AT M ABR. ABR. RM (Resource Managem ent ), AT M, AT M. AT M RM, QoS,.. 3. T able 3. Parameter on T r affic characteristics and quality.,,
., AT M. QoS,, AT M AT M.. WAN LAN,.,.. 3, 1),, 2),, 3).. AT M,,,., AT M. 4. (class ) T able 4. Concern of Service Class and Parameter. Polling Sequencing polling., AT M,. Polling UPC(User Param eter Control)., bucket. Bucket burst.,. AT M, AT M., (jitter ), burst. :.,. ( ), ( ), ( ), bur st ( burst ).,,,.,. PAD : padding. AT M 48 AAL dummy.. AT M
. AT M, packing. ( 7). AAL. AAL (tr ailer ). AT M 5, AAL. AAL5. AT M ( 6 ). ( 7) ( 6) AT M (in case of AAL5) AAL5 AAL5 8. 48 PAD 48, 5 AT M.. LAN,. AAL5, packing. 3. AT M SVC PVC 2. SVC AT M AT M, PVC. signalling. Signalling AAL5. SVC, A B VPI, VCI. B.. AT M, B AT M B VPI B VCI B (SET UP). B. AT M A B, AT M A VPI A VCI A,. (VPI A VCI A ) (VPI B VCI B). A (VPI A VCI A ) B (VPI B VCI B) AT M (m apping). (VP ) (VC). AT M VP, VP,. PVC. AT M (VP ),. : AAL, class, / AT M. :
.. A T M LA N/ E 1. A T M LA N / E AT M QoS LAN AT M IP. IP. LAN/ E.. ( ) IP AT M. AT M IP (RIP, OSPF ), AT M. IP AT M, AT M QoS.. (Initialization) AT M IP AT M. IP AT M, AT M QoS., LAN AT M MAC AT M.. LAN LECS, MAC AT M LES MAC LAN BUS ( 8).. (Registration) LAN AT M MAC AT M. ( 8) AT M LAN/ E 2. A T M LA N / E AT M IEEE802.3, 802.5 MAC emulation. 1) 2) 3) MAC. (Resolution) 3. A T M LA N / E AT M IP. ARP. AT M., LAN MAC AT M
LAN ( 9). LECS, LES, BUS. LAN.. ELAN ELAN. AT M. ELAN AT M. AT M (VC).. LANE (1.0) VLAN (ELAN) VC. VLAN (ELAN).. ( 9) LAN/ E server 2. -, (sub- group) (w ork group) ( 10).. MAC 3 QoS LANE MAC Level AT M QoS. ELAN (MT U). AT M ( 10) ELAN AT M MT U 1514 (octet ) MT U., B LAN/ E A LAN/ E. QoS. ( ), ( B. 3. ) ( ). (dynamic routing path). A T M LA N/ E., 1. AT M LAN/ E. AT M.,, (t opology)
(static routing path) ( 11). ( 12) AT M 2. ( 11) 4. LA N E V 2.0 LANE 2.0 AT M LAN (Legacy data). LANE 2.0,. LANE 2.0 AT M QoS., SNA, LAN LEC., QoS. LANE (LNNI).. ( 13) (statical path rule) (dual star topology ) (lecs, les) 3. - 23 sec. (border node) (sub- group) (ROUT ING PAT H ). 1.. ( 12) (Dual LES). (border node) AT M (r outing path) (redundancy ) IP tcp < 13> AT M. 1.. AT M LAN/ E, -
- -. LAN : Local Area Network LEC: LAN Emulation Client LECS: LAN Emulation Configuration Server LE S: LAN Emulation Server LNNI: LAN Emulation Network to Network Interface AT M LAN/ E. 2.. AT M LAN/ E., risk,. MAC: Medium Access Control MBS: Maximum Burst Size MCR: Maximum Cell Rate MPOA: Multiprotocol Over ATM MTU : Maximum Transmission Unit OSPF: Open Shortest Path First PAD : Padding PCR : Peak Cell Rate PNNI: Private Network to Network Interface PT: Payload PVC: Permanent Virtual Circuit RIP : Routing Information Protocol. AT M, AT M MPOA.,. RM : Resource Management SAR-SDU :? SN : Sequence Number SNA: System Network Architecture SNP: Sequence Number Protection SVC: Switched Virtual Circuit TDMA : Time Division Multiple Access UBR : Unspecified Bit Rate [ ] ABR : Available Bit Rate BUS: Broadcast and Unknown Server CBR : Constant Bit Rate CDVT: Cell Delay Variation Tolerance CDV : Cell Delay Rate CER : Cell Error Rate CLP: Cell Loss Priority CLR : Cell Loss Rate CLT: Cell Loss Rate CLP: Cell Loss Priority UNI: User Network Interface UU : User to User Information VBR : Variable Bit Rate VBR-NRT: VBR-Non Real Time VBR-RT: Variable Bit Rate-Real Time VC: Virtual Channel VCI: Virtual Channel Identifier VLAN : Virtual LAN VP: Virtual Path VPI: Virtual Path Identifier WAN : Wide Area Network CPI: Common Path Indicator CRC: Cyclic Redundancy Check CSI: Convergence Sublayer Indicator CTD : Cell Transmission Delay ELAN : Emulated LAN GFC: Generic Flow Control HEC: Header Error Check
[1] William Stallings, "High- Speed Netw orks : T CP/ IP and AT M Design Principle", 1997. [2] NemZow, "Enterprise Netw ork Performance Optimization", McGraw Hill, [3] Bay Netw orks Whit e Paper, "T he private Netw ork- to Netw ork Interface(PNNI)" [4] Bay Netw orks Whit e Paper, "How Much Bandw idth Is Enough? " [5] Ides Vanneuville, T ed Fornoles, "Rolling Out AT M QOS for Legacy LANs" Data Communications, 1998. 3.21. [6] Cisco Systems Whit e Paper, " AT M Internetw orking " [7] CRAIG HUNT, " T CP/ IP Netw ork Adminstration ", O'reilly & associates, Inc [8] HENRY, DeLIBERO, " [9], ( ) 1998 15 [10],, 21, 1995. [11], LAN, [12] WWW LAN, Nikkei Comput er, 1996. 9. 2. [13], AT M Access System, NT T, 1997. 11, p. 98-100. [14],,, 1997. 1, pp. 17-20. [15] 3,, NT T R&D, Vol. 47, No. 4, 1998, pp. 411(43)- 414(46). [16], LAN, T elecommunication, 1998. 4, pp. 92-97. [17] T 1P 1.1 Document 002. Int ernational Wireless/ Mobile Standards Coordination W orking Group/ T R 46 International Ad Hoc 1999. 1. 30. T 1P 1. [18] T 1P 1.5 Document 069. Draft Minutes V.1, 1999-01- 08, Mobile IP drafting Group( 12) Meeting, Jan. 7, 1999 at Heathow, UK.