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1 The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy 2003, Vol. 15, No. 4, ,. :. 6,,,,,,, ,.83,.79,.75,.77,.72,.74. 6,.51,.27,.24,.29.. :,,,, :, 20-2, wonkylee@hanmail.net

2 , (Richards & Bergin, 1997). Lukoff, (Jung, 1933). Lu Turner(1992),,,, (spirituality). Stanard, Sandhu Painter(2000) (Beutler & Clarkin, 1990; Norcross & Goldfried, 1992). 20 (Corey, 1996),..., (Stanard, Sandhu & Painter, 2000).,. IQ EQ, 3 Q (Zohar & Marshal, 2000/2000). (Spiritual Quotient), SQ.,. Zohar Marshal(2000/2000) SQ.,,... SQ IQ EQ, ;. (p.16) ;,,,,, ( ;,,, ),. (2001) Kelley(1995),.,, Richards Bergin(1997) ; ;,..,

3 /.,,....,,, :... (The Spiritual Assessment Inventory; Hall & Edward, 1996),, ; (The Index of Core Spiritual Experiences; Kass, Friedman, Leserman, Zuttermeister, & Benson, 1991),.,, ; (The Spiritual Well-Being Scale; Ellison, 1983) (. ).,,. ; (The Spiritual Health Inventory; Veach & Chappel, 1992),,,, Shafranske Gorsuch(1984),, ; (The Spiritual Assessment Scale; Howden, 1992),,,,,.,,,,.. (1990),... (p.40).. Ellison(1983). Elkins, Hedstrom, Hughes, Leaf Saunders(1988), Chandler, Holden Kolander(1992).. Chandler (1990) (1992) ( )

4 ,.. (Banks, 1980; Myers, 1990) Myers, Sweeney Witmer(2000). Myers, Banks,. Satir, Banmen, Gerber Gomori(1991) 8. (Chandler et al, 1992; Hinterkopf, 1994;. Myers, 1990), (Banks, 1980) (Banks, 1980; Ingersoll, 1994).,,., (Banks,. 1980; Ingersoll, 1994). / Howden(1992), (SAS) (Ingersoll, 1994),.. (Chandler et al, 1992)., /,,,.., , 28 :,.92,. ;, Westgate(1996) (Banks, 1980; Chandler et ;, al, 1992; Hinterkopf, 1994; Ingersoll, 1994; Myers, ;, 1990) /,, /, ;, /. Westgate, ;,

5 /. ( 2001).,,., /.,.,, (Murphy & Donovan, 1997; West, 1987).. Walsh(2000). Fritz Perls(1969). (p. 16).. -,,,,,,,. -,.,.,, (Myers, 1992).,,, (connectedness), (transcendence), (awareness), (service).,,,,,.,,,.,. (Lau, 1979, p. 116). / (the meaning/purpose of life), (innerresources), /, (Howden, 1992)., (Frankl,

6 1978; Maslow, 1971; May, 1975).,,,, (Beck, 1967; Seligman, 1990). (Resnick, 1990). (Allport, 1960). Maslow(1971),...., (Howden, 1992)..,,,, (Gartner, Larson, Allen, 1991; Jessor & Jessor, 1977; Oetting & Beauvais, 1987; Wright, Frost, Wisecarver, ( 1993)., 2001).,, (Banks, 1980; Ellison & Smith, 1991)., 6. 6 (Chandler et al, 1992; Maslow, 1971; Myers, 1990; Travis, 1988). Chandler (1992),,.. 1: (Travis, 1988). -, (, 1995). J

7 / 10, 29., ( 3 ) 10,,, 6 18,., 66 ( 2 ) 26, ( ) , ( 1,. 1, 1,. 3 ) 5.,,, 5 3 (, ), (,, ). (, ) 9, 2 ( ), ,,,,,,,,

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9 /., ,..,,. (principle component analysis). Kaiser 2 : (Eigenvalue > 1.0) 13, , 4.72, 3.33, 3.29, 3.12, 3.00, % , 570 (confirmatory factor analysis),. 6 (oblique rotation),, , ,.,

10 (,,, )., 5 (.60 ), 5 (.30 ), % (.50 ), 5 (.50 ),., 5 (.30 ), 5 (.30 ), oblique, 1 2,. 3 5% 3.,. 6, ,,, 5%.,.50.,.271,,.239, , %.83,..79,.75,,.77,.72, %. 33%. 6 1., 3.4%.,

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14 (2001).. :, 13(1), 1-13 Allport, G. W. (1960). The individual and his religion.. New York: Macmillan.,, Banks, R. (1980). Health and spiritual dimensions:, 4, Relationships and implications for professional programs. Journal of School Health, 50, Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Causes and treatments. 6 Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.. Beutler, L. E., & Clarkin, J. (1990). Systematic,, treatment selection: To-ward targeted therapeutic interventions. New York: Brunner/Mazel. Chandler, C. K., Holden, J. M., Kolander, C. A.. (1992), Counselor for spirituality wellness: Theory and practice. Journal of Counseling and., Development, 71, , 3 Corey, G. (1996). Theory and practice of counseling and 2 psychotherapy (5th ed.) Pacific Grove, CA:,, Brooks/Cole. Ellison, C. W. (1983). Spirituality well-being:.,. Conceptualization and measurement. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 11, Elkins, D. N., Hedstrom, L. J., Hughes, L. L., Leaf, J. A., & Saunders, C. (1988). Toward a humanistic-phenomenological Spirituality. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 28, 5-18 Ellison, C. W., & Smith, J. (1991). Toward an (1995)... integrative measure of health and wellness. (2001).. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 19, Frankl, V. (1978). The unheard cry for meaning. New York: Simon & Schuster. (1990).. Gartner, J., Larson, D. B. & Allen, G. D. (1991). ( ) Religious commitment and mental health: A (1990).., review of the empirical literature. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 19,

15 / Hall, T. W., & Edwards, K. J. (1996). The initial development and factor analysis of the Spirituality Assessment Inventory. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 24, Hinterkopf, E. (1994). Integrating spiritual experience in counseling, Counseling and Values, 38, Howden, J. W. (1992). Development and psychometric characteristics of the Spirituality Assessment Scale. Dissertation Abstracts International, 54(01), 166B.(University Microfilms No. AAG ) Ingersoll, R. E. (1994). Spirituality, religion, and counseling: Dimension and relationships. Counseling and Values, 38, Jesso, R., & Jessor, S. L. (1977). Problem behavior and psychosocial adjustment: A longitudinal study of youth. New York: Academic. Jung, C, G. (1933). Modern man in a search of soul (W. S. Dell & C. F. Baynes, Trans.). New York: Hartcourt. Kass, J. D., Friedman, R., Leserman, J., Zuttermeister, P.C., & Benson, H. (1991). Health outcomes and a new index of spiritual experience. Journal f or the Scientif ic study of Religion, 30, Kelley, E. W. (1995). Religion and Spirituality in counseling and psycho-therapy. Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association. Lau, D. (1979). Confucius: The analects. New York: Penguin. Lukoff, D., Lu, F., & Turner, R. (1992). Toward a more culturally sensitive DSM-IV: Psychoreligious and psychospiritual problems. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 180, Maslow, A. H. (1971). Farther reaches of human naure. New York: Viking. Murphy, M., & Donovan, S. (1997). The physical and psychological effects of meditation. Sausalito, CA: Institute of Noetic Sciences. May, R. (1975). Values, myths, and symbols. American Journal of Psychiatry, 132, Myers, J. E. (1990). Wellness throughout the lifespan. Guidepost, p. 11. Myers, D. (1992). The pursuit of happiness. New York: Avon. Myers, J. E., Sweeney, T. J., & Witmer, J. M (2000). The wheel of wellness counseling for wellness: A holistic model for treatment planning. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78, Norcross, J. C., & Goldfried, M. R. (Eds.). (1992). Handbook of psychotherapy integration. New York: Basic Books. Oetting, E. R., & Beauvais, F. (1987). Peer cluster theory, socialization characteristics, and dolescent drug use: A path analysis. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, Perls, F., (1969). Gestalt therapy verbatim. Lafayette, CA: Real People Press. Resnick, R. (1990). In: R, L. Harman.(Ed.) Gestalt Therapy Discussions with the masters. Springfield: Charles C Thomas Pub. Richards, P. S., & Bergin, A. E. (1997). A spiritual strategy f or counseling and Psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Satir, V., Banmen, J., Gerber, J., & Gomori, M.(1991). The Satir Model: Family therapy and beyond. Palo Alto, CA : Science & Behavior Books, Inc. Seligman, M. E. P.(1990). Contemporary psychoanalytical

16 approaches to depression. New York.: Plenum Shafranske, E. P., Gorsuch, R. L. (1984). Factors associated with the perception of spirituality in psychotherapy. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, 16, Stanard, R. P., Sandhu, D. S., Painter, L. C. (2000). Assessment of Spirituality in Counseling. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78. Travis, J. W. (1988). The wellness index. Bekeley, CA: Ten Speed Press. Veach, T. L., & Chappel, J. N. (1992). Measuring Spiritual health: A preliminary study. Substance Abuse, 13, Walsh, R. (2000). Asian psychotherapies. In J. Corsini, D. Wedding(Eds.), Cunrrent psychotherapies (pp ). Itasca: F.E.Peacack. West, M. (1987). The psychology of meditation. Oxford: Clarenden Press. Westgate, C. E. (1996), Spirituality wellness and depression. Journal of Counseling & Development, 75, 1, Wright, L. S., Frost, C. J., & Wisecarver, S. J. (1993). Church attendance, meaningfulness of religion, and depressive symptomatology among adolescents. Jounal of Youth and Adolescence, 22, Zohar, D., & Marshal, I. (2000). ( ).. ( 2000 ). : : :

17 The Korean Journal of Counseling and Psychotherapy 2003, Vol. 15, No. 4, Development of the Spirituality Scale Keong-Yeol Lee Chung-Hee Kim Dong-Won Kim Chunbuk National University This research was to develop a scale to quantitatively measure the degree of spirituality based on the the spirituality constructs facters. Because western and eastern concepts of the spirituality are different, the existing spirituality scales created for westerners are not proper for Koreans who have the eastern way of thought. Therefore, it has been needed to create the spirituality scale for Koreans. This research to develop the spirituality scale has been done two processes, for items constructs and the facter analysis of the spirituality scale. The spirituality scale created by this research has 6 facters, the transcendence, the meaning and purpose of life, compassion, inner resources, awareness, and connectedness. And each facters has 5 items and all six facters have 30 items. The Cronbach-alpha of the spiritually scale was.93. In the cronbach-alpha of each facters, transcendence was.83, the meaning and purpose of life.79, compassion.75, inner resources.77, awareness.72, and connectedness.74. In the correlation of each facters, the correlation of transcendence and the meaning of life is.51 and other correlation are under.50. the correlation of awareness and connectedness is.27, the correlation of compassion and inner resources.24, the correlation of inner resources and awareness.29. The spirituality scale developed by this research is meaningful to be able to apply for Koreans. Key Words : spirituality, transcendence, the meaning of life, compassion, awareness

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歯이경열.PDF

歯이경열.PDF