< DC8ABBFB5B1E22E687770>

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "< DC8ABBFB5B1E22E687770>"

Transcription

1 ISSN(Print) 한국염색가공학회지제23권제4호 2011 년 ISSN(Online) X Textile Coloration and Finishing Vol. 23, No. 4, 2011 연구논문( 학술) 멜트블로운부직포의후가공공정에의한흡음재의제조와특성 송인희 2 김진수 1 홍영기 2 ( 주) 선진인더스트리, 1 건양대학교컴퓨터학과, 건양대학교패션디자인산업학과 Manufacture and Characteristics of Sound Absorption Materials by Finishing of Meltblown Nonwovens In-Hee Song 2, Jin-Soo Kim 1 and Young-Ki Hong 2 Sun Jin, Inc., 496 Sapo-Ri, Yeunsan-Myeon, Nonsan-Si, Chungnam , Korea 1 Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Konyang University, Nonsan, ChungNam , Korea Department of Fashion Design & Apparel Industry, Konyang University, Nonsan, ChungNam , Korea (Received: November 30, 2011/Revised: December 14, 2011/Accepted: December 19, 2011) Abstract For sound absorption and sound insulation in automobile industry, the sound absorption materials based on meltblown nonwovens were prepared by SMS (spunbond-meltblown-spunbond) technique. And the sound absorption coefficient ( α) of the meltblown nonwoven, produced with isotatic-polypropylene(pp), was examined for the various processing conditions such as die-to-collector distance(dcd), nonwoven weight(gsm), and air suction conditions. The meltblown nonwoven for sound absorption materials was composed of bulky microfiber web, increasing with increases in weight and DCD. The sound absorption coefficient( α) was excellent as a sound absorption materials of PAD type composed of SMS(spunbond-meltblownspunbond) nonwovens. Keywords: sound absorption materials, meltblown, sound absorption coefficient, spunbond, isotatic-polypropylene 1. 서 론 소음으로인한환경오염은최근여러산업분야에서장차미래산업에미칠영향으로보아많은주목을받고있다. 특히자동차나항공산업분야에서는소음저감을위하여다각적인측면에서노력을기울이고있으며, 그중새로운흡음재적용에따른흡음이나차음에관한연구 1-3) 가활발히진행되고있다. 최근에는고분자복합체를이용하여흡음의효과를향상 4,5) 하거나, 흡음재의구조를변경하여다층형태의흡음재인 elastic 및 poroelastic과 airspace의혼합체로써흡음효과를극대화하는연구 6-8) 가발표되었다. 이러한흡음재의고유특성은특성임피던스와전파상수에의해결정 9-11) 되며, 새로운흡음재를개발하거나개발된흡음재의음향특성을평가할때는흡음재의특성 임피던스와전파상수에대한정보가반드시필요하다. 일반적으로자동차및건축분야에서많이사용되는흡음재료에는유리면이나펠트 (felt) 와같은섬유재료와폴리우레탄폼과같은발포재료가있고, 그중섬유재료가 50% 이상을점유하고있다. 그러나최근들어환경과안전문제가사회적으로강력하게대두됨에따라전통적으로사용되던소음저감용흡음재의패턴이상당히바뀌고있다. 즉종래의대표적흡음재인유리섬유는탁월한흡음성능을보유하고있음에도불구하고, 인체에유해한문제점때문에법적으로사용규제를받고있으며, 또한유리섬유와대등한흡음성능을갖는폴리우레탄폼은화재의위험성때문에적용범위의제한을받고있다. 따라서이러한흡음재를보다효율적으로대체하기위해최근극세사섬유집합체를응용한멜트블로운부직포를자동차 Corresponding author. Tel.: ; Fax.: ; ymhong@konyang.ac.kr c2011 The Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers / / Ⅰ304Ⅰ

2 멜트블로운부직포의후가공공정에의한흡음재의제조와특성 Ⅰ305Ⅰ 산업분야의내장재및흡음재에활용하는것으로 많은관심을보이고있다. 멜트블로운(meltblown) 부직포는직경이 10μm이하인미세섬유들이상 호결합하여거미줄과같은구조형태를가지는 3차원적구조의섬유집합체이다. 일반적으로열 가소성수지로섬유를형성하는고분자를수백 또는수천개의오리피스(orifice) 로형성된방사 구금을 통해 방사되는 공정으로, 방사노즐로 압출된고분자는용융상태에서방사구금의양 옆에서고속으로분사되는열풍에의해초극세 화된섬유가수집체에적층되어우수한흡 차 음성능을갖는자기결합형(self-bonding) 부직포 를형성한다. 이와같이구조화된멜트블로운 부직포는극세화된섬유집합체가벌크한구조 로형성되어기능적특성을갖기때문에본연 구에서는이러한멜트블로운부직포를흡음재 적용재료로선택하였다. 현재 3M사의초극세사특허기술로만들어진 신슐레이트 (Thinsulate TM ) 가성능이우수하여자 동차의흡음재분야에서주로사용되고있으며, 진동소음과타이어소음, 하체소음, 상체소 음, 엔진음소음등의외부소음감소및내부 소음을방지하며, 극세섬유를사용한가벼운 부직포재질로차체중량이나연비에전혀영 향을주지않기때문에포드 GM 폴크스바겐 토 요타 혼다 닛산 피아트 다임러크라이슬러 등 세 계유명자동차에사용되고있다. 본연구에서는이러한연구배경을바탕으로 비중이 0.91인폴리프로필렌흡음재용멜트블 로운부직포를공정상의제조조건에따라구조 분석을하였다. 그리고이와같은조건으로제 조된흡음재는잔향실법에의해흡음특성을평 가하였고, 또한현재상용화되어사용되고있 는 M사의흡음재와흡음특성을비교평가하여 폴리프로필렌 멜트블로운 부직포의 자동차용 흡음재로적용가능성을검토하기위해체계적 으로기초적인연구를수행하였다. 2. 실험및방법 : melt flow rate) 을 1,500으로조절한초고유동성 isotatic 폴리프로필렌수지를사용하였다. 2.2 멜트블로운부직포제조장치 본실험에있어서실험계획의최적조건별흡음재제조를위한멜트블로운제조장치는현장의생산라인에서가동중인멜트블로운시스템(J&M Labs., USA) 을사용하였다. 2.3 흡음재제조 Fig. 1은현장에서생산되는부직포웹제조조건을바탕으로최적의흡음재를생산하기위해본실험의계획법에따른흡음재제조시영향인자와전반적인제조공정을고려해서흐름도를작성하여나타낸것이다. 따라서본실험에서는이와같은흐름도를바탕으로하여최적의자동차용흡음재를제조하였다. Table 1은최적의흡음재를얻기위한멜트블로운부직포제조공정인자를바탕으로작성하여생산한멜트블로운시스템의조작조건을나타낸것이다. 본실험에서흡음재부직포웹의중량은 150, 200, 300, 400GSM으로변화시켰으며, DCD는 25, 45, 65cm 로변화시켰고, 수집체하부에서공기흡입은 1.0m 3 /min로흡입판을열어흡입시키거나 0m 3 /min로정지시킨후흡입판을닫아공기흡입을차단시켜웹을제조하였다. 그리고이때기류의영향으로웹이잘 GSM (150, 200, 300, 400) Spun bond nonwoven Preparation of meltblown nonwoven Meltblown nonwoven sample SM type DCD (25, 45, 65) Hot melt bond SMS type Suction (ON, OFF) 2.1 재료 Sound absorption Pad 실험에사용된흡음재원료로는멜트블로운방사용폴리프로필렌수지에 2,5-Dimethyl-2,5-di-(tertbutylperoxy)-hexane을사용하여용융지수 (MFR Sound absorption Test Fig. 1. Flow chart for experiment and preparation of sound absorption materials. Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 23, No. 4

3 Ⅰ306Ⅰ 송인희 김진수 홍영기 Table 1. Operation conditions selected for meltblown nonwoven process Operation parameter Operation condition Basic weight(g/m 2 ) 150, 200, 300, 400 Die tip temperature( ) 230 ~ 265 Air flow rate(m 3 /min) 2.0 ~ 6.0 Amount of production(cc/min/hole) 0.8 Die to collector distance ; DCD(cm) 25, 45, 65 Below wire exhaust ; Suction(m 3 /min) 1.0(open), 0(close) Accessory air temperature( ) Ambient condition 형성되지않는것을방지하기위해연신구간에실온의공기를송풍시켜벌키성을향상시키고웹형태를안정되도록조건을설정하였다. Fig. 2는흡음재를연속공정으로얻기위해멜트블로운부직포웹제조공정에연속시스템을설계제작하여연결시킨제조공정완성도를나타낸것이다. 이것은기존의멜트블로운공정의후가공에서웹의형태안정성을부여하기위해스펀본드부직포를라미네이팅시키는방법으로하여 SMS 흡음재를제조하였다. 2.4 흡음특성평가 흡음재의흡음률을측정하기위해서는잔향실에서잔향시간을측정할필요가있다. 잔향실은벽에서소리의반사가불규칙하게잘일어나서내부에서확산음장이형상되는공간을말한다. 지금까지의잔향실은집을짓듯이건설공사를하여서비교적큰잔향실을제작하였으므로가격이비싸고이동이곤란하므로실용적이지못하여별로호응을얻지못하였다. 최근에는자동차회사를중심으로저렴하고이동이편리한간이잔향실에의한소음평가가이루어지고있다. 간이잔향실의단점은실내공간의크기가작아저주파수에서의소음평가가조금은곤란하다는것이단점이기도하다. 그러나간이잔향실도 400Hz 이상의소음평가에는문제가없는것으로알려져있고, 일반적으로 200Hz와같은낮은소음평가는별로필요로하지않는것이현실이다. 따라서 Fig. 3 은본실험에서제조된흡음재의흡음특성평가를위해공인된시스템으로설계제작하여실험에사용한잔향실법 12) 에의한흡음특성평가시스템의상세도를나타낸것이다. Hopper Gear pump Vacuum pump Extruder Filter T-DIE NOZZLE Material Additive Screen High Temperature High Pressure Air Compressor Blower Collector S/B R/O Fig. 2. Winding Chamber I Chamber II Package Hotmelt S/B R/O Manufacturing processes of meltblown system for sound absorption materials. 한국염색가공학회지제 23권제 4호

4 멜트블로운 부직포의 후가공 공정에 의한 흡음재의 제조와 특성Ⅰ307Ⅰ S o u n d S o u rc e T ype 4224 S a m p le P U L S E s y s te m Fig. 3. Schematic diagram of sound absorption evaluation system by reverberation room method12). (A) Surface( 100) (B) Surface( 3,500) (C) Cross section( 300) (D) Cross section( 3,500) Fig. 4. SEM microphotographs of meltblown nonwoven for sound absorption materials. 3. 결과 및 고찰 3.1 멜트블로운 흡음재의 구조 본 연구의 자동차용 흡음재 제조를 위한 멜 트블로운 부직포 제조장치는 수직방사형으로 최신 Melt-Blown System(JM Labs., USA)을 사 용하였고, 자동차용 흡음재의 최적 운전조건으 로 멜트블로운 부직포 웹을 제조하였다. 이와 같이 극세섬유로 구조화된 자동차용 흡음재 부 직포 형상 전자현미경 사진을 Fig. 4에 나타내 었다. 그림에서 보는바와 같이 부직포는 일정한 공극을 가지면서 극세섬유 간 자기접착으로 형 성된 벌크성 웹상태의 구조를 확인할 수 있었 다. 따라서 이와 같은 벌크성 웹상태의 구조는 멜트블로운 방사조건에 따라 여러 형태의 구조 와 물성이 가능하므로13) 후 가공 공정을 통해 다양한 용도전개가 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 3.2 부직포 웹의 흡음특성 평가 Fig. 5는 일정한 DCD 65cm에서 중량변화에 따른 흡음재의 흡읍특성을 나타낸 것으로 150GSM, 200GSM, 300GSM, 400GSM으로 중량이 증가할 Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 23, No. 4

5 Ⅰ308Ⅰ 송인희 김진수 홍영기 수록 흡음특성이 향상되는 것이 확인되었다. 이것은같은 DCD의조건에서극세화된부직포 의웹의중량이증가할수록벌크한구조를갖 게됨으로써흡음특성이향상되는것으로멜트 블로운부직포흡음재의일반적인경향임을알 수있다. Fig. 6은멜트블로운시스템의공정조건으로 DCD가흡음특성에미치는영향에대하여알아 보기위한실험으로, 중량 200GSM 부직포웹 을 25, 45, 65cm의 DCD 조건으로변화시켜흡 음재를제조하여평가한결과를나타낸것이다. 이때수집체하부에서의공기흡입(suction) 은일 정한상태였고, DCD는변화를갖게되었는데 DCD가증가할수록부직포웹의두께가더두 꺼워지는경향을확인할수있었다. 이는 DCD 를증가시킬수록웹내부기공의함량이증가 14) 되어벌키한구조의웹이형성된다고생각한다. Fig. 6으로부터 DCD를증가시킬수록우수한흡 음특성을갖게됨을확인할수있었다. 한편, 본연구의수직방사형생산라인제조조건상의 한계로 DCD를 65cm 이상늘리지못하였으나, 수평방사로하여 DCD를늘린다면어느한계치 까지는더벌크한구조가되어더욱향상된흡 음특성을나타내리라예상할수있었다. 그러 나제조공정상 DCD는 65cm로하여흡음재를 제조하였다. Fig. 7 은수집체에가해지는공기흡입(suction) 이부직포흡음재의흡음특성에미치는영향을 알아보기위하여실험한결과이다. 제조공정상 의최적조건으로흡음특성을향상시키기위해 서벌키한구조를가지면서두께를증가시키는 방법으로수집체하부의공기흡입을가동하지 않고제조조건을설정하였다. 또한자기접착에 의한결합력이약해져웹의형성이어려워지는 현상을막기위해서연신구간에악세서리에어 로실온의공기를불어주는방법 15) 으로최적의 제조조건을설정하였다. 그림에서알수있는 바와같이주어진실험의주파수범위에서공 기흡입장치가닫혀있을때흡음특성이우수함 을알수있었다. 이것은또한흡음재부직포 웹의형성에공기흡입의조작도웹의두께를 증가시켜 16) 흡음특성에주요한인자로영향을 준다는것을확인할수있었다. Fig. 8은최적조건으로제조된 200GSM의흡 음재의흠음특성을나타낸것이다. 여기서 DCD 는 65cm, 수집체의공기흡입은잠그고, 연신구간에는실온의악세서리에어를불어주며제조된것이다. 그림에서알수있는바와같이멜트블로운부직포흡음재의 ,000Hz 주파수별흡음특성을나타낸것으로저주파수대에비해고주파수대에서우수한흡음특성을보이고있다. Fig. 5. Comparison of sound absorption coefficient with different GSM(DCD65cm). Fig. 6. Comparison of sound absorption coefficient with different DCD(200GSM, suction open). Fig. 7. Comparison of sound absorption coefficient with different air suction. 한국염색가공학회지제 23권제 4호

6 멜트블로운부직포의후가공공정에의한흡음재의제조와특성 Ⅰ309Ⅰ Fig. 8. Sound absorption coefficient of meltblown nonwoven manufactured by the selected conditions. 특히주파수대범위 2,000Hz이상에서부터높은흡음특성을나타내고있는데이는멜트블로운부직포의섬유극세화와벌크구조가고효율의흡음특성에기인한것으로멜트블로운부직포를이용한흡음재는고주파수대범위의흡음특성에보다효과적이고효율적 17,18) 이라는것을확인할수있었다. 3.3 흡음재PAD 의특성평가 자동차용흡음재가최종목적으로사용되는형태로는 PAD형으로본연구에서는스펀본드멜트블로운스펀본드의 SMS형 PAD를제조하여특성평가를측정하였다. 실험은국내 S사의자동차흡음재 PAD시험용스펙인 MS341-17(C-1 Type) 으로규정하여특성평가하였다. 시험의표준상태는온도 23±2, 상대습도 50±5% 에서실시하였으며, 시험편은적어도 24시간이상표준상태로유지한후시험에사용하여측정하였다. 시험편의두께는일정하였으며, 중량은 mm의샘플을임의의위치에서 3 매취하여중량측정후 1m2의중량을평균치로나타낸것이다. Table 2는본연구에서사용한자동차용흡음재 PAD의물성시험및흡음특성시험결과를나타낸것으로자동차용흡음재의기술표준요구규격에만족할만한결과를확인할수있었다. 한편, 주파수영역 1,000Hz에서 5,000Hz범위의흡음특성평가치는표에서알수있는바와같이요구규격에따른결과치모두높은값을얻을수있었다. 이는앞에서도언급했듯이극세사멜트블로운부직포웹의흡음특성이크게기여하고있음을알수있다. Fig. 9는벌키한구조의흡음재를얻기위해최적조건으로제조된멜트블로운부직포웹에스펀본드부직포를붙여패드형태로제조된흡음재의흡음특성을나타낸것이다. 시료는 200GSM 멜트블로운부직포웹, 190GSM 멜트블로운부직포웹의양쪽에 17GSM 폴리프로필렌스펀본드부직포를모두합지시킨것과, 190GSM 멜트블로운부직포웹의한쪽에 17GSM의폴리프로필렌스펀본드부직포를다른한쪽에 17GSM의저융점 PET를합지시킨것으로제조하여평가하였다. Table 2. Results of physical properties on PAD test for sound absorption materials Item Requirements Results Thickness (mm) ±10% 6.0 Basic weight (g/ m2) 200 ± Strength (kgf/ cm2) 0.1 L:0.32 W:0.31 Thermal Strength (kgf/ cm2) 0.1 L:0.32 W:0.31 resistance Shrinkage (%) 2 L:+0.1 W:+0.2 Wet Strength (kgf/ cm2) 0.1 L:0.36 W:0.35 resistance Shrinkage (%) 5 L:+0.1 W:+0.4 Water absorption (%) 10 0 Compressive modulus (%) Thermal resistance Wet resistance ,000 Hz Sound absorption 3,000 Hz coefficient 3,150 Hz ,000 Hz Odor 4 grade 4.0 Haze 10% 1.4 Burining test 80mm/min SE Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 23, No. 4

7 Ⅰ310Ⅰ 송인희 김진수 홍영기 Fig. 9. Sound absorption coefficients of various pads. 주파수영역의모든범위에있어서모두자동차기술표준의요구규격에만족할만한흡음특성을확인할수있었다. 따라서자동차용흡음재의적용가능성으로는무엇보다도흡음재기질의섬유극세화와벌키성향상이매우중요함을알수있었다. Fig. 10은현재상업적으로사용되고있는 M 사의흡음재와본연구에서개발한흡음재의저주파수영역 400Hz에서부터고주파수영역 10,000Hz의범위에서의흡음특성평가를비교하여나타낸것이다. 그림에서나타낸것과같이자동차적용을위한최종패드형흡음재의우수한흡음특성경향과결과로부터제품화활용가능성및국산화개발에대한기초적인연구를확립할수있었다. 4. 결 론 본연구에서는현재널리사용되고있는자동차용흡음재를국산화로대체하기위해현재상업적으로사용되고있는 M사의흡음재와유사한흡음특성을갖도록멜트블로운부직포웹을바탕으로흡음재를제조하여각각의제품에대하여비교평가하고, 이러한흡음재를최종용도인자동차산업분야에활용가능하도록기초적인연구를수행한결과다음과같은결론을얻었다. 자동차용흡음재폴리프로필렌멜트블로운부직포제조를위한최적조건을설정하여흡음재를제조하였으며, 우수한흡음특성을갖기위한구조조건으로는섬유극세화와부직포웹의벌크성으로전자현미경사진을통하여확인할수있었다. Fig. 10. Sound absorption coefficients of various pads. 제조된멜트블로운부직포웹의흡음특성은고중량이고, DCD 가클수록, 그리고수집체의공기흡입을하지않고실온의악세서리공기를불어주는것이우수한성능을나타냈으며, 최종패드형에서는 SM 타입보다는 SMS 타입이더욱우수한특성을나타내었다. 자동차용흡음재의안정성평가를위해현재자동차산업분야의흡음재적용관련규정항목에맞추어각각의특성에대하여평가한결과기술표준요구규격에모든항목이매우만족한결과를얻었다. Pad 실험결과최적조건으로제조된 SMS 흡음재패드의흡읍특성은 400Hz의저주파수영역에서부터 10,000Hz의고주파수영역에이르기까지현재상업적으로이용되고있는 M사의흡음재와유사한경향의흡음특성을확인함으로써자동차용흡음재의적용가능성및국산화개발의기초적인연구를확립할수있었다. 참고문헌 1. N. Atalla and P. Raymond, The Effects of Multilayer Sound-absorbing Treatments on the Noise Field Inside a Plate Backed Cavity, Noise Control Eng. J., 44(5), (1996). 2. W. E. Zorumski, Aircraft Flyover Noise Prediction, Proc. Noise Con. 77, p.205, J. G. Lee, I. D. Kim, and Y. S. Lee, Effective Application of Insulations and Deadeners Improving the Vehicle Interior Noise, J. Korea Soc. Automotive Engineers, 14(4), 68-78(1992). 4. R. Moulder, Sound-absorptive Material in Handbook of Acoustical Measurement and Noise 한국염색가공학회지제 23권제 4호

8 멜트블로운부직포의후가공공정에의한흡음재의제조와특성 Ⅰ311Ⅰ Control, ed. by C. M. Harris, McGraw-Hill, N. Y., pp.78-82, R. F. Gibson, Principles of Composite Material Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, N. Y., pp , S. J. Hwang and R. F. Gibson, The Use of Strain Energy-based Finite Element Techniques in the Analysis of Various Aspects of Damping of Composite Materials and Structures, J. Composite Mat., 26(3), (1992). 7. S. S. Jung, W. S. Lee, M. J. Jho, and S. J. Suh, A Study on the Sound Absorption Coefficient by Varying Sample Size, Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering, 11(5), 83-88(2001). 8. D. J. Kang, W. S. Lee, J. W. Lee, J. K. Hong, and Y. H. Jo, Characteristics of Absorption Performance of Sound Absorptive Materials according to Test Conditions, Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering, 16(7), (2006). 9. J. F. Allard and Y. Champoux, New Empirical Equations for Sound Propagation in Rigid Frame Fibrous Materials, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 91(6), (1992). 10. J. F. Allard, Y. Champoux, and C. Depollier, Modelization of Layered Sound Absorbing Materials with Transfer Matrices, J. Acoust. Soc. Am., 82(5), (1987). 11. C. H. Hwang, S. S. Jung, and H. J. Eun, A New Method for Measuring Characteristic Impedance and Propagation Constant of Soundabsorbing Materials, Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering, 7(5), (1997). 12. ASTM C 423, Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method. 13. H. S. Shin, L. Jin, and J. H. Yoo, Effect of Manufacturing Conditions on the Properties of Oil-absorbable Melt Blown Nonwoven, Textile Coloration and Finishing(J. Korean Soc. Dyers and Finishers), 21(6), 22-28(2009). 14. R. R. Bresee, U. A. Qureshi, and M. C. Pelham, Influence of Processing Conditons on Melt Blown Web Structure : Part 2 - Primary Airflow Rate, International Nonwovens Journal, 14(2), 11-18(2005). 15. X. Wang and Q. Ke, Experimental Investigation of Adhesive Meltblown Web Production Using Accessory Air, Polymer Engineering and Science, 46, 1-7(2006). 16. J. W. Lee, S. N. Lee, J. H. Shim, P. K. Jung, W. K. Lee, and B. J. Bang, The Study on Improvement of Acoustic Performance for Automobile Sound-absorbing Materials Using Hollow Fiber, Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering, 21(9), (2011). 17. H. S. Shin, J. H. Yoo, and L. Jin, A Study on Oil Absorption Rate and Oil Absorbency of Melt-blown Nonwoven, Textile Coloration and Finishing(J. Korean Soc. Dyers and Finishers), 22(3), (2010). 18. J. D. Lee, Y. K. Hong, and K. S. Bae, Development of Composite Filter With High Performance Meltblown Non-woven, Textile Coloration and Finishing(J. Korean Soc. Dyers and Finishers), 17(2), 40-45(2005). Textile Coloration and Finishing, Vol. 23, No. 4

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 한국소음진동공학회 2015추계학술대회논문집년 Study of Noise Pattern and Psycho-acoustics Characteristic of Household Refrigerator * * ** ** Kyung-Soo Kong, Dae-Sik Shin, Weui-Bong Jeong, Tae-Hoon Kim and Se-Jin Ahn Key Words

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4) THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method

More information

14.531~539(08-037).fm

14.531~539(08-037).fm G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked

More information

Æ÷Àå½Ã¼³94š

Æ÷Àå½Ã¼³94š Cho, Mun Jin (E-mail: mjcho@ex.co.kr) ABSTRACT PURPOSES : The performance of tack coat, commonly used for layer interface bonding, is affected by application rate and curing time. In this study, bonding

More information

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Vol.5, No.5, October (2015), pp.471-479 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.10.50 스마트온실을 위한 가상 외부기상측정시스템 개발 한새론 1), 이재수 2), 홍영기 3), 김국환 4), 김성기 5), 김상철 6) Development of Virtual Ambient Weather Measurement

More information

10(3)-10.fm

10(3)-10.fm w y wz 10«3y 259~264 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment w gj p p y Á Á½k * w m œw Á* w y œw (2010 9 28, 2010 10 12 k) Characteristics of Antiwashout Underwater Concrete for Reduction

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 28(3),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 28(3), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2017 Mar.; 28(3), 163 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.3.163 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) PCB

More information

Æ÷Àå82š

Æ÷Àå82š Lee, Kyungbae (E-mail : kblee6078@ex.co.kr) Lee, Jaehoon (E-mail : ranian74@ex.co.kr) Sohn, Duecksu (E-mail : mgsds@ex.co.kr) Kwon, Soonmin (E-mail : soonmini2@ex.co.kr) ABSTRACT PURPOSES : The purpose

More information

<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770>

<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 15, No. 2 pp. 1051-1058, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2014.15.2.1051 멤리스터의 전기적 특성 분석을 위한 PSPICE 회로 해석 김부강 1, 박호종 2, 박용수 3, 송한정 1*

More information

KAERIAR hwp

KAERIAR hwp - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - Photograph of miniature SiC p-n and Schottky diode detector Photograph SiC chip mounted on a standard electrical package Photograph of SiC neutron detector with

More information

12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm

12.077~081(A12_이종국).fm J. of Advanced Engineering and Technology Vol. 1, No. 1 (2008) pp. 77-81 y w» e wx Á w œw Fabrication of Ceramic Batch Composition for Porcelain by Using Recycled Waste Ceramic Powder Hyun Guen Han, and

More information

untitled

untitled 한국염색가공학회지제 권제 3 호 1 년 연구논문 Textile Coloration and Finishing Vol., No. 3, 1 멜트블로운부직포의흡유도와흡유거동에관한연구 신현세 유주환 김로단국대학교파이버시스템공학과 A Study on Oil Absorption Rate and Oil Absorbency of Melt-blown Nonwoven Hyun

More information

<313630313032C6AFC1FD28B1C7C7F5C1DF292E687770>

<313630313032C6AFC1FD28B1C7C7F5C1DF292E687770> 양성자가속기연구센터 양성자가속기 개발 및 운영현황 DOI: 10.3938/PhiT.25.001 권혁중 김한성 Development and Operational Status of the Proton Linear Accelerator at the KOMAC Hyeok-Jung KWON and Han-Sung KIM A 100-MeV proton linear accelerator

More information

08김현휘_ok.hwp

08김현휘_ok.hwp (Regular Paper) 21 3, 2016 5 (JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2016.21.3.369 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a), a) An Audio Coding Technique Employing the Inter-channel

More information

저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할

저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할 저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할수없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는이저작물을개작, 변형또는가공할수없습니다. 귀하는, 이저작물의재이용이나배포의경우,

More information

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) ISSN 228

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016)   ISSN 228 (JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) (Regular Paper) 1 1, 016 1 (JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.016.1.1.60 ISSN 87-9137 (Online) ISSN 16-7953 (Print) a), a) An Efficient Method

More information

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

Development of culture technic for practical cultivation under structure in Gastrodia elate Blume

Development of culture technic for practical cultivation under structure in Gastrodia elate Blume Development of culture technic for practical cultivation under structure in Gastrodia elate Blume 1996. : 1. 8 2. 1 1998. 12. : : ( ) : . 1998. 12 : : : : : : : : : : - 1 - .. 1.... 2.. 3.... 1..,,.,,

More information

14(4) 09.fm

14(4) 09.fm J. Korean. Soc. Living. Environ. Sys. Vol. 14, No. 4, pp 343~350(2007) w y y w z 14 «4 y 2007 yw» l s p»xá ³ *w w w œw, **w w w The Property of Pressure Distribution of Hybrid Underfloor Air Distribution

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Nov.; 26(11), 985991. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.11.985 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis

More information

09권오설_ok.hwp

09권오설_ok.hwp (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) (Regular Paper) 19 5, 2014 9 (JBE Vol. 19, No. 5, September 2014) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2014.19.5.656 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a) Reduction

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 및 자아존중감과 스트레스와도 밀접한 관계가 있고, 만족 정도 에 따라 전반적인 생활에도 영향을 미치므로 신체는 갈수록 개 인적, 사회적 차원에서 중요해지고 있다(안희진, 2010). 따라서 외모만족도는 개인의 신체는 타 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 20-40대 여성의 외모만족도가 미용관리태도에 미치는 영향 홍수남 1, 김효숙 2 * 1 건국대학교 뷰티사이언스디자인학과, 2 건국대학교 의상디자인과 Effects of Extrinsic Body Satisfaction on Beauty Management Behavior of

More information

ISO17025.PDF

ISO17025.PDF ISO/IEC 17025 1999-12-15 1 2 3 4 41 42 43 44, 45 / 46 47 48 49 / 410 411 412 413 414 5 51 52 53 54 / 55 56 57 58 / 59 / 510 A( ) ISO/IEC 17025 ISO 9001:1994 ISO 9002:1994 B( ) 1 11 /, / 12 / 1, 2, 3/ (

More information

12(4) 10.fm

12(4) 10.fm KIGAS Vol. 12, No. 4, December, 2008 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) l x CNG» v m s w ½ Á y w» œw (2008 9 30, 2008 12 10, 2008 12 10 k) Numerical Analysis for Temperature Distribution and Thermal

More information

04 박영주.hwp

04 박영주.hwp THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 216 Mar.; 27(3), 253 26. http://dx.doi.org/1.5515/kjkiees.216.27.3.253 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) LPDA Design

More information

03-서연옥.hwp

03-서연옥.hwp 농업생명과학연구 49(4) pp.31-37 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 49(4) pp.31-37 Print ISSN 1598-5504 Online ISSN 2383-8272 http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.4.31 국가산림자원조사 자료를 적용한 충남지역 사유림경영율 추정 서연옥

More information

<313920C0CCB1E2BFF82E687770>

<313920C0CCB1E2BFF82E687770> 韓 國 電 磁 波 學 會 論 文 誌 第 19 卷 第 8 號 2008 年 8 月 論 文 2008-19-8-19 K 대역 브릭형 능동 송수신 모듈의 설계 및 제작 A Design and Fabrication of the Brick Transmit/Receive Module for K Band 이 기 원 문 주 영 윤 상 원 Ki-Won Lee Ju-Young Moon

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jun.; 27(6), 495 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.6.495 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Design

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: (NCS) Method of Con

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   (NCS) Method of Con Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.181-212 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.181 (NCS) Method of Constructing and Using the Differentiated National Competency

More information

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구

현대패션의 로맨틱 이미지에 관한 연구 한지닥섬유제품의인체생리반응및쾌적성평가 임순 Evaluation of Thermal Physiological Responses and Comfort in Dox Fabric Soon Im Professor, Dept. of Fashion Industry, Incheon National University This study performed the evaluation

More information

ePapyrus PDF Document

ePapyrus PDF Document 19 3 (2009 9 ) J Korean Soc Occup Environ Hyg 2009;19(3):240~249 Numerical Study on Ventilation Method for Temperature Control of HRSG Building Chul Hwan Kim Jong Wook Lee Hoon Ki Choi Geun Jong Yoo Dept.

More information

08.hwp

08.hwp 박 기 식 여주대학 토목과 (2001. 10. 24. 접수 / 2002. 6. 14. 채택) A Study on the Longitudinal Vibration of Finite Elastic Medium using Laboratory Test Ki-Shik Park Department of Civil Engineering, Yeojoo Institute of

More information

ePapyrus PDF Document

ePapyrus PDF Document Trans. of the Korean Hydrogen and New Energy Society(2013. 4), Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 136~141 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7316/khnes.2013.24.2.136 흡기관 분사식 수소 SI기관의 희박과급 적용에 관한 연구 이광주 1 ㆍ이종구 1 ㆍ이종태 2 1 성균관대학교

More information

Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp (2012) ISSN ᆞ ᆞ ᆞ Evaluation of Forward Osmosis (FO) Membrane Per

Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp (2012) ISSN ᆞ ᆞ ᆞ Evaluation of Forward Osmosis (FO) Membrane Per Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.292-299 (2012) ISSN 1229-4144 ᆞᆞᆞ Evaluation of Forward Osmosis (FO) Membrane Performances in a Non-Pressurized Membrane System Bongchul

More information

untitled

untitled [ ] œwz, 21«6y(2008) J. of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment, Vol. 21, No. 6, (2008) pp. 300~306 š y w p x*, **Á **Áy y* * ** w œ w œw, w» gœ Solid State Diffusion Brazing of the Aluminum Alloy Castings

More information

???? 1

???? 1 The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2019 Sep.; 30(9), 712 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2019.30.9.712 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) MOS

More information

Microsoft Word - KSR2013A320

Microsoft Word - KSR2013A320 k ƒ! YWXZ º º t rzyywxzhzyw k ep k Dynamic Behavior of Bridge considering Various Light Weight Rail Vehicles Õ äø ÐãäÕò ãã Sang-Su Kim, Yong-ul Park *, Man-Cheol Kim ** Abstract The purpose of this paper

More information

09È«¼®¿µ 5~152s

09È«¼®¿µ5~152s Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.23, No.2, 2007, pp.45~52 Measurement of Backscattering Coefficients of Rice Canopy Using a Ground Polarimetric Scatterometer System Suk-Young Hong*, Jin-Young Hong**,

More information

전용]

전용] A Study of select the apropos processing mechanical method by the presume of transformation of teeth s surface degree ABSTRACT This study has been tried to select the apropos processing method by the

More information

(Table of Contents) 2 (Specifications) 3 ~ 10 (Introduction) 11 (Storage Bins) 11 (Legs) 11 (Important Operating Requirements) 11 (Location Selection)

(Table of Contents) 2 (Specifications) 3 ~ 10 (Introduction) 11 (Storage Bins) 11 (Legs) 11 (Important Operating Requirements) 11 (Location Selection) SERVICE MANUAL (Table of Contents) 2 (Specifications) 3 ~ 10 (Introduction) 11 (Storage Bins) 11 (Legs) 11 (Important Operating Requirements) 11 (Location Selection) 12 (Storage Bins) 12 (Ice Machine)

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 25(3),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 25(3), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2014 Mar.; 25(3), 304310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2014.25.3.304 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis

More information

00....

00.... Fig. 1 2.5%. 51.5%, 46.0%,.. /, Table 1 (U.V.; Ultraviolet 10-400 nm)/ (NIR; Near Infrared 700 nm - 5 µm) ( TiO 2, WO 3, ZnO, CeO, ATO, Sb 2O 3-ZnO, ITO.) (400 nm - 780 nm). /. Fig. 1.. 23 Table 1. / /

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Dec.; 27(12), 1036 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.12.1036 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online)

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI: NCS : * A Study on

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp DOI:   NCS : * A Study on Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.157-176 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.3.201809.157 NCS : * A Study on the NCS Learning Module Problem Analysis and Effective

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 26(10),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 26(10), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Sep.; 26(10), 907 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.10.907 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Prediction

More information

14.fm

14.fm Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 93~97, 2007. Preparation of High Purity Si Powder by SHS Chang Yun Shin, Hyun Hong Min, Ki Seok Yun, and Chang Whan Won Engineering Research Center

More information

서강대학교 기초과학연구소대학중점연구소 심포지엄기초과학연구소

서강대학교 기초과학연구소대학중점연구소 심포지엄기초과학연구소 2012 년도기초과학연구소 대학중점연구소심포지엄 마이크로파센서를이용한 혈당측정연구 일시 : 2012 년 3 월 20 일 ( 화 ) 14:00~17:30 장소 : 서강대학교과학관 1010 호 주최 : 서강대학교기초과학연구소 Contents Program of Symposium 2 Non-invasive in vitro sensing of D-glucose in

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., -

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., - THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Jun.; 29(6), 457463. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.6.457 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Sigma-Delta

More information

Effects of baseball expertise and stimulus speeds on coincidence-anticipation timing accuracy of batting Jong-Hwa Lee, Seok-Jin Kim, & Seon-Jin Kim* Seoul National University [Purpose] [Methods] [Results]

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Feb.; 29(2), 93 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.2.93 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) UHF-HF

More information

À±½Â¿í Ãâ·Â

À±½Â¿í Ãâ·Â Representation, Encoding and Intermediate View Interpolation Methods for Multi-view Video Using Layered Depth Images The multi-view video is a collection of multiple videos, capturing the same scene at

More information

82-01.fm

82-01.fm w y wz 8«( 2y) 57~61, 2005 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis p w w Á Á w w» y l Analysis of Influence Factors and Corrosion Characteristics of Water-pipe in Potable Water System Jae Seong

More information

歯Trap관련.PDF

歯Trap관련.PDF Rev 1 Steam Trap Date `000208 Page 1 of 18 1 2 2 Application Definition 2 21 Drip Trap, Tracer Trap, 2 22 Steam Trap 3 3 Steam Trap 7 4 Steam Trap Sizing 8 41 Drip Trap 8 42 Tracer Trap 8 43 Process Trap

More information

(Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern (Micro- Environment) Re

(Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern (Micro- Environment) Re EMF Health Effect 2003 10 20 21-29 2-10 - - ( ) area spot measurement - - 1 (Exposure) Exposure (Exposure Assesment) EMF Unknown to mechanism Health Effect (Effect) Unknown to mechanism Behavior pattern

More information

歯174구경회.PDF

歯174구경회.PDF 000 KALIMER - Creep-Fatigue Damage Evaluation of KALIMER Reactor Internal Structures for Elevated Temperature, 150 KALIMER ASME Code Case N-01-4 0 - - - Abstract In this paper, the design limits of the

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 28(2),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 28(2), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2017 Feb.; 28(2), 129138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.2.129 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) PT- Doppler

More information

- 2 -

- 2 - - 1 - - 2 - 전기자동차충전기기술기준 ( 안 ) - 3 - 1 3 1-1 3 1-2 (AC) 26 1-3 (DC) 31 2 37 3 40-4 - 1 14, 10,, 2 3. 1-1 1. (scope) 600 V (IEC 60038) 500 V. (EV : Electric Vehicle) (PHEV : Plug-in Hybrid EV).. 2. (normative

More information

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu 한 국 통 계 학 회 논 문 집 2012, 19권, 6호, 877 884 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/ckss.2012.19.6.877 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation Applied Biased Coin Design in a Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Yu Kim a, Dongjae Kim

More information

폐비닐수거기-김태욱.hwp

폐비닐수거기-김태욱.hwp , 11, 1, pp. 113-118 (2012. 2) Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 113-118 (2012. 2) Twist Wheel 방식폐비닐수거기개발에관한연구 (Ⅰ) - 자주형비닐수거기의개발 - 하유신 *, 박규식 *, 김진현

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA e- 비즈니스연구 (The e-business Studies) Volume 17, Number 1, February, 28, 2016:pp. 293~316 ISSN 1229-9936 (Print), ISSN 2466-1716 (Online) 원고접수일심사 ( 수정 ) 게재확정일 2015. 12. 04 2015. 12. 24 2016. 02. 25 ABSTRACT

More information

°í¼®ÁÖ Ãâ·Â

°í¼®ÁÖ Ãâ·Â Performance Optimization of SCTP in Wireless Internet Environments The existing works on Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) was focused on the fixed network environment. However, the number of

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jul.; 27(7),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jul.; 27(7), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 16 Jul.; 27(7), 64662. http://dx.doi.org/./kjkiees.16.27.7.646 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226 (Online) 2D Microwave Image

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: 3 * The Effect of H

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   3 * The Effect of H Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.577-601 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.577 3 * The Effect of Home-based Activities Using Traditional Fairy Tales

More information

PJTROHMPCJPS.hwp

PJTROHMPCJPS.hwp 제 출 문 농림수산식품부장관 귀하 본 보고서를 트위스트 휠 방식 폐비닐 수거기 개발 과제의 최종보고서로 제출 합니다. 2008년 4월 24일 주관연구기관명: 경 북 대 학 교 총괄연구책임자: 김 태 욱 연 구 원: 조 창 래 연 구 원: 배 석 경 연 구 원: 김 승 현 연 구 원: 신 동 호 연 구 원: 유 기 형 위탁연구기관명: 삼 생 공 업 위탁연구책임자:

More information

2007 Ju l y C o n t e n t s

2007 Ju l y C o n t e n t s 2007 Ju l y C o n t e n t s Provided by SES Stone Te c h n i c s Wind Tunnel Test Structural Connection Test S t r u c t u r a l C o n s t r u c t i o n R E F E R E N C E S 1. ASTM C99, "Standard

More information

02 Reihe bis 750 bar GB-9.03

02 Reihe bis 750 bar GB-9.03 Water as a tool High-Pressure Plunger Pumps 02-Line (up to 750 bar) 252 702 1002 1502 1852 2502 Technical Data High-Pressure Plunger Pump Type 252 / 702 approx. 1.8 l approx. 50 kg net 45 mm/1.77 inch

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although

More information

-02-......

-02-...... Characteristics of Blue Costumes in Contemporary Fashion Department of Fashion Design, Sunchon National University Associate Professor : Sun Young Kim This paper purports to find the characteristics

More information

<31335FB1C7B0E6C7CABFDC2E687770>

<31335FB1C7B0E6C7CABFDC2E687770> 에너지기후변화교육 4(2):203~211(2014) 203 초등학교 교과서 에너지 단원의 탐구활동과 시각자료 기능 분석 사례 연구 신명경 권경필 * 경인교육대학교 Abstract : This study aimed to analyze energy related inquiry activity and visual materials in elementary textbook.

More information

Basic CMYK

Basic CMYK 02 E & C MERITZ CO., LTD HISTORY of E&C MERITZ 1986.02 Established Korea Filter Corporation 1986.02 Develop and Distribute Bag Filter, Air Filter 1987.10 Contracted Alsop ENGINEERING Co / U.S.A Whole Item

More information

<B8F1C2F72E687770>

<B8F1C2F72E687770> Transactions of the KSNVE, 23(12) : 1056~1065, 2013 23 12, pp. 1056~1065, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.5050/ksnve.2013.23.12.1056 ISSN 1598-2785(Print), ISSN 2287-5476(Online) A Study on the Improvement Plan

More information

디지털포렌식학회 논문양식

디지털포렌식학회 논문양식 ISSN : 1976-5304 http://www.kdfs.or.kr Virtual Online Game(VOG) 환경에서의 디지털 증거수집 방법 연구 이 흥 복, 정 관 모, 김 선 영 * 대전지방경찰청 Evidence Collection Process According to the Way VOG Configuration Heung-Bok Lee, Kwan-Mo

More information

<5B313132385D32303039B3E220C1A634B1C720C1A632C8A320B3EDB9AEC1F628C3D6C1BE292E687770>

<5B313132385D32303039B3E220C1A634B1C720C1A632C8A320B3EDB9AEC1F628C3D6C1BE292E687770> 디지털 영상에서의 자막추출을 이용한 자막 특성 분석에 관한 연구 이세열 * 요약 본 연구는 방송 프로그램 제작에 있어서 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있는 영상 자막의 특성과 영상 커 뮤니케이션 기능적인 관점에서 나타나고 있는 현상을 살펴본다. 다양한 방송 프로그램에서 활용되고 있는 디지털 영상 자막의 기능은 단순하게 간략한 정보를 전달하는 기능적인 역할을 수행하였다.

More information

(specifications) 3 ~ 10 (introduction) 11 (storage bin) 11 (legs) 11 (important operating requirements) 11 (location selection) 12 (storage bin) 12 (i

(specifications) 3 ~ 10 (introduction) 11 (storage bin) 11 (legs) 11 (important operating requirements) 11 (location selection) 12 (storage bin) 12 (i SERVICE MANUAL N200M / N300M / N500M ( : R22) e-mail : jhyun00@koreacom homepage : http://wwwicematiccokr (specifications) 3 ~ 10 (introduction) 11 (storage bin) 11 (legs) 11 (important operating requirements)

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 박건수 *, 서태영 **, 김종욱 *** ". 요약 Abstract The induction melting furnace using electric generator has been introduced since 1920s, and it began to be widely applied to industrial applications due to increasing

More information

[ 화학 ] 과학고 R&E 결과보고서 나노입자의표면증강을이용한 태양전지의효율증가 연구기간 : ~ 연구책임자 : 김주래 ( 서울과학고물리화학과 ) 지도교사 : 참여학생 : 원승환 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 이윤재 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 임종

[ 화학 ] 과학고 R&E 결과보고서 나노입자의표면증강을이용한 태양전지의효율증가 연구기간 : ~ 연구책임자 : 김주래 ( 서울과학고물리화학과 ) 지도교사 : 참여학생 : 원승환 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 이윤재 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 임종 [ 화학 ] 과학고 R&E 결과보고서 나노입자의표면증강을이용한 태양전지의효율증가 연구기간 : 2013. 3 ~ 2013. 12 연구책임자 : 김주래 ( 서울과학고물리화학과 ) 지도교사 : 참여학생 : 원승환 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 이윤재 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 임종찬 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 소재원 ( 서울과학고 2학년 ) 1,.,.,.... surface

More information

REVERSIBLE MOTOR 표지.gul

REVERSIBLE MOTOR 표지.gul REVERSIBLE MOTOR NEW H-SERIES REVERSIBLE MOTOR H-EX Series LEAD WIRE w RH 1PHASE 4 POLE PERFORMANCE DATA (DUTY : Min.) MOTOR OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) FREQUENCY (Hz) INPUT CURRENT (ma) RATING SPEED (rpm) STARTING

More information

2

2 02 1 1 22 36 38 46 5 1 54 61 65 77 81 2 _ 3 4 _ 5 6 _7 8 _ 9 1 0 _ 11 1 2 _ 13 1 4 _ 15 1 6 _ 17 1 8 _ 19 2 0 _ 21 2 2 www.kats.go.kr www.kats.go.kr _ 23 Scope of TC/223 Societal security International

More information

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF The Korean Journal of Counseling 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, 423-434,. 4 5 18 9, 9.,,,,,.,,, t-.. :,,, (,, 1996),.,,. (, 2001),... 88 98 2000, 88 12.5%(250 )98 35.6%(712 )2.8 (,,, 2001) (Corresponding Author)

More information

10(3)-09.fm

10(3)-09.fm w y wz 10«3y 253~258 (2010.12.) Journal of Korean Society of Urban Environment ³ w Á» Á Á y w y œw (2010 11 22, 2010 12 9 k) Study on Determine of Detention Pond in Small Developed Area In-Soo Chang ½

More information

농학석사학위논문 폴리페닐렌설파이드복합재료의기계적및열적 특성에영향을미치는유리섬유 환원된 그래핀옥사이드복합보강재에관한연구 The combined effect of glass fiber/reduced graphene oxide reinforcement on the mecha

농학석사학위논문 폴리페닐렌설파이드복합재료의기계적및열적 특성에영향을미치는유리섬유 환원된 그래핀옥사이드복합보강재에관한연구 The combined effect of glass fiber/reduced graphene oxide reinforcement on the mecha 저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할수없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는이저작물을개작, 변형또는가공할수없습니다. 귀하는, 이저작물의재이용이나배포의경우,

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

exp

exp exp exp exp exp exp exp exp exp exp exp exp log 第 卷 第 號 39 4 2011 4 투영법을 이용한 터빈 블레이드의 크리프 특성 분석 329 성을 평가하였다 이를 위해 결정계수값인 값 을 비교하였으며 크리프 시험 결과를 곡선 접합 한 결과와 비선형 최소자승법으로 예측한 결과 사 이 결정계수간 정도의 오차가 발생하였고

More information

A Study on Married Female Immigrants Life Style and Marriage Satisfaction in Terms of Preparing Their Old Age in Chungcheongnam-do Department of Gerontology, Hoseo University Doctoral Student : Hi Ran

More information

한국전지학회 춘계학술대회 Contents 기조강연 LI GU 06 초강연 김동욱 09 안재평 10 정창훈 11 이규태 12 문준영 13 한병찬 14 최원창 15 박철호 16 안동준 17 최남순 18 김일태 19 포스터 강준섭 23 윤영준 24 도수정 25 강준희 26

한국전지학회 춘계학술대회 Contents 기조강연 LI GU 06 초강연 김동욱 09 안재평 10 정창훈 11 이규태 12 문준영 13 한병찬 14 최원창 15 박철호 16 안동준 17 최남순 18 김일태 19 포스터 강준섭 23 윤영준 24 도수정 25 강준희 26 2015 한국전지학회 춘계학술대회 2일차 한국전지학회 춘계 학술대회(신소재 및 시장동향 관련 주제 발표) 시간 제목 비고 세션 1 차세대 이차전지용 in-situ 분석기술 좌장 : 윤성훈 09:00~09:30 Real-time & Quantitative Analysis of Li-air Battery Materials by In-situ DEMS 김동욱(한국화학연구원)

More information

Æ÷Àå82š

Æ÷Àå82š Yun, Ilsoo (E-mail : ilsooyun@ajou.ac.kr) Oh, Cheol (E-mail : cheolo@hanyang.ac.k) Ahn, Hyunkyung (E-mail : anhyunkyung@ajou.ac.kr) Kim, Kyunghyun (E-mail : kk6661@ajou.ac.kr) Han, Eum (E-mail : hano3106@ajou.ac.kr)

More information

untitled

untitled - J. Korean Ind. Eng. Chem., Vol. 17, No. 3, June 2006, 267-273 Melt-blown 방사에의한 PP/Ba-ferrite 복합부직포제조시의공정인자가부직포의특성에미치는영향 한종헌 이동진 임형미 이승호 오성근 * 요업기술원복합재료센터, * 한양대학교화학공학과 (2005 년 12 월 14 일접수, 2006 년 4 월

More information

목차 생활용품오염물질방출시험및방출특성연구 (IV) - 전기 전자제품방출오염물질권고기준 ( 안 ) 도출 - ⅰ ⅱ ⅲ Abstract ⅳ 환경기반연구부생활환경연구과 Ⅰ,,,,,, 2010 Ⅱ i

목차 생활용품오염물질방출시험및방출특성연구 (IV) - 전기 전자제품방출오염물질권고기준 ( 안 ) 도출 - ⅰ ⅱ ⅲ Abstract ⅳ 환경기반연구부생활환경연구과 Ⅰ,,,,,, 2010 Ⅱ i 목차 2010-33-1208 11-1480523-000711-01 생활용품오염물질방출시험및방출특성연구 (IV) - 전기 전자제품방출오염물질권고기준 ( 안 ) 도출 - ⅰ ⅱ ⅲ Abstract ⅳ 환경기반연구부생활환경연구과 Ⅰ,,,,,, 2010 Ⅱ i 목차 목차 Ⅲ Ⅳ i ii 목차 Abstract iii iv Abstract Ⅰ. 서론 Ⅰ iv 1 Ⅰ.

More information

슬라이드 1

슬라이드 1 Various Aspects of Engineering 1. Design - Effective Design = Structure + Material 2. Manufacturing - Fabrication(-ing technology) - Performance Test 3. After-Service - Reliability and Maintenance - Failure

More information

박선영무선충전-내지

박선영무선충전-내지 2013 Wireless Charge and NFC Technology Trend and Market Analysis 05 13 19 29 35 45 55 63 67 06 07 08 09 10 11 14 15 16 17 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 36 37 38 39 40

More information

Apparel Purchase Behaviors and Image Preferences of Preteen Girls and Their Mothers: Considering Preteen Girls BMI and Body Image Department of Home Economics Education, Pai Chai University Assistant Professor

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing

More information

<30342DB1E2C8B9C6AFC1FD2DC0AFC1BEC7F D E687770>

<30342DB1E2C8B9C6AFC1FD2DC0AFC1BEC7F D E687770> 유종현 ㆍ조병철ㆍ이원구엔브이에이치코리아 ( 주 ) Development Trend of Chemical Materials for Automotive Sound Insulation Elements Jong Hyun Ryu, Byoung Chul Jo, Won Ku Lee NVH KOREA. INC Abstract: NVH Package 는엔진룸에서발생되어진소음을효과적으로제어하여차량의정숙성을향상시키고강화되는소음법규에대해서대응하기위한부품으로흡음재와차음재로구분되어진다.

More information

67~81.HWP

67~81.HWP 기술현황분석 나노 기공성 에어로겔 제조기술 및 응용현황 안 영 수 / 기능소재연구센터 요 약 나노 기공성 에어로겔 제조기술 및 응용현황 한국에너지기술연구원 Property Value Bulk Density Internal surface area % solid Mean pore diameter Primary particle diameter Index of refraction

More information

example code are examined in this stage The low pressure pressurizer reactor trip module of the Plant Protection System was programmed as subject for

example code are examined in this stage The low pressure pressurizer reactor trip module of the Plant Protection System was programmed as subject for 2003 Development of the Software Generation Method using Model Driven Software Engineering Tool,,,,, Hoon-Seon Chang, Jae-Cheon Jung, Jae-Hack Kim Hee-Hwan Han, Do-Yeon Kim, Young-Woo Chang Wang Sik, Moon

More information

The characteristic analysis of winners and losers in curling: Focused on shot type, shot accuracy, blank end and average score SungGeon Park 1 & Soowo

The characteristic analysis of winners and losers in curling: Focused on shot type, shot accuracy, blank end and average score SungGeon Park 1 & Soowo The characteristic analysis of winners and losers in curling: Focused on shot type, shot accuracy, blank end and average score SungGeon Park 1 & Soowon Lee 2 * 1 Program of Software Convergence, Soongsil

More information