1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 7 8 PSpice EWB,,
,,,,,, (41) ( e f f e c t ), ( c u r r e n t ) ( p o t e n t i a l difference),, ( r e s i s t a n c e ) 2,,,,,,,, (41), (42) (42) ( 41) (Ohm s law), ( ),,,, (43) 94
(44) (42) 42 E, V (42) (44) 42 42 (, conventional current) ( ) R 43 41 22 9V (42): 42 120V 500mA, 60W (44): 95
43 44 16V, 44 45 80, 15A, E V R IR (15A)(80 ) 120V, 44,, 12,, ( p o w e r ) ( ),,, (joule, J) (s), /(J/s) (W) (45), 96
(46) (W) (J), t (s) (W) ( 46) (horsepower) 1horsepower 746watts (25) (46), (47) (48) (49) 47, (49), V I (47), (47) (410), (410), 9V 12V (surge current), (W) (W),, 97
45 48 (410) P EI (120V)(5A) 600W 06kW 46 5 4A (49) P I 2 R (4A) 2 (5W) 80W 47 I-V 49 120V, 120V, 120V 98
, (411) (412) 48 5k 20mW, (411):,, (W) (413) watt( J/t) wattsecond (joule)( 410 ) wattsecond watthour(wh) kilowatthour(kwh) (414) (415) kwh Wh 1000 kwh 1kWh100W 10 (h) ( (Ws), (J)) (kilowatthour meter) 99
411(a) 10 kwh, 411(b) 49 4650kWh 411(a), 1kWh 9 410 1 (3 65 ) 60 W, ( k W h ) 411 4kWh 205W TV 100
412 1kWh 9 5 hp( ) 2 413 1kWh 9, 1200W 30 6 50W 4 400W 45 4800W 20 101
412 kwh kwh 1926 20 412 kwh 5 kwh 12 41 412 kwh 413 102
t P W t, (416) (efficiency, ), (417) ( ) (%) (418) (419) 100% P o P i, 0 414 75% 2hp 220V 103
415 80%, 120V 8A 416 085, 50J, ( ) 414 104
P i2 P o1 P i3 P o2 P o3 P i1, 415 (420) 417 414 1 90%, 2 85%, 3 95% 418 1 40%,, 417 323% 727% ( ) ( 100% ),, 416, I (ma), ( A) ( ), 416 105
,, 416, 1 416, V 25V 416 5A V 10V 2A (421) (421) V 20V I 4A R dc 20V/I 20V/4A 5 1 10 417 106
1 (422) (422) (422) (423) 418 V(I) I(V), (423) 419 419 (421) (423) V 6V I 3mA 6V 8V 107
420 (, ) 07V (, ) V D 1 V V D 1 V,,, (fuse) (circuit breaker) 421,, 108
422,, 422 (national electrical code: NEC)GFI(ground fault interrupt, ), GFI 423 5ms 6mA 1mA 1 GFI 109
120V 240V( 208V), 100A, 200A 100A 100A (line-to-line) ( ), P EI (240V)(100A) 24,000W 24kW 24kW, 24kW, 124kW, 48kW, 4 5 k W 1 2 k W 227kW( ), TV 200A 16kW 200A, 100A 200A ( ) 110
#4AWG #2 424(a) 2/0 4/0 424(b) 424(b), 424(a) 15A, 20A, 30A 40A 80% 15A 15A 80% 12A 20 A 16A, 30A 24A 40A 32A 200 A 20A 16A 12 (200A/16A 125), #14 15A, #12 20A, #10 30A 20A( ) 15A #12 #14 #12 #10, ( ) 240A,, 120A 240A 240A 30A 40A 120A, 240A,, 1 PSpice(Cadence Design System OrCAD Release 92), Multisim EWB 111
,,,, 4 25 PSpice EWB, PSpice 8 92, 92 OrCAD Lite C:, ( ), Folder Start Explore Explore File-New Folder PSpice( ) Exploring-Start Menu ( X ) PSpice Orcad Lite Edition Start-Programs-Orcad Family Release 92 Lite edition Create new document ( File-New Project ), New Project, Name 426 Ohmslaw, ( ) Analog or Mixed A/D 112
Location C:\PSpice OK Create PSpice Project Create a blank project( ) OK Ohmslaw Project manager Window SCHEMATIC1 PAGE1 PAGE1 SCHMATIC1:PAGE1,, 425 Place a part ( ) Place Part Add Library-Browse File analogolb, evalolb sourceolb File name Open, Folder OK Place a part SOURCE Part List VDC VDC, OK VDC 426 113
End Mode 0V, (reference point) GND 0/SOURCE Place a part ANALOG R OK End Mode 425 Rotate Ctrl-R Place a wire End Mode 426 () Display Properties OK, a new simulation profile S i m u l a t i o n A New Simulation N a m e Bias Point Inherit From none Create Simulation Setting, Analysis-Analysis Type-Bias Point OK Run ( ) PSpice-Run Output Window (X), 426,, V, I W Delete 426 3mA, 36mW 12V 114
PSpice,, EWB electronic workbench) 425 PSpice EWB,,, EWB EWB PSpice Multisim 2001, Multisim-Circuit 1( 427 ), View-Toolbars View-Show Grid 425 DC VOLTAGE SOURCE 115
Delete, S O U R C E S X, 425 RESISTOR, RESISTOR_VIRTUAL E W B (virtual resistor) RESISTOR, VIRTUAL 425 (Cut),, 90 90, SOURCES GROUND, 427 427, (V1 ), Battery Label Reference ID E Value V pv TV V, OK 427 ( m u l t i m e t e r ) M u l t i m e t e r,, 116
Multimeter, XMM1 A, Set 427 V,,, (preference), 427, Simulate RUN/STOP Simulate,, OFF/ON,0/1 VIEW-Show Simulate Switch 427 1 427 EWB ( 0 O F F ) EWB, (W), 1 1 1 (J/s) 117
,, 100%, 1 47 9V 2 22k 5mA 3 6V, 15mA 118
4 006, 12V 5 002M 36 A, 6 11M 22V, 7 120V 22A 8 75k 120V, 9 120V 48A 10 120V 14A 11 20 A 24 mv, 12 05 15A, * 13 a 120 V, 95A b 1 14 420J 4, 15 ()40(J/s) 640J 16 a 2W 8 b kwh 17 22 300(C/min) 18 12 J 3 V 2 A 19 480(C/min) 12V 20 4 7mA 21 3 9mA 22 4 64W 23 1/2W 1000 24 22k 42mW 25 9V 40mA 26 120V,100W 27 450W 375A 28 3V 04mW a b 500-29 20k 100W * 30 a 100 0 1W 01W, 0 100mA 10mA b c, 500 mw * 31 TV 9V 0455A a TV b TV c 6 * 32 a 120V, 100A b 5 3000 W 2400 W 1000 W 33 10 12V a 1 (J) b 1 2, 119
34 230W 5 1 12 (kwh) (1 30 ) 35 10kWh 1500W 36 1kWh 9 3 30W 37 a 10 500kWh b 208V 38 a 1kWh 9 1 250W TV b 1 48kW c ( a )( b ), 39 1kWh 9 860W 24 4800W 30 400W 1 1200W 45 * 40 1kWh 9 110W 4 1200W 20 60W 15 150W TV 3 45 41 450W 05 hp 42 70% 18hp 120V 43 4A 220V, 1hp 44 120 V 24A 50W a b 45 87% 220V 36hp, 46 2 hp a 110V 90%, b c 70%, 47 90% 220V, 15 hp 48 2hp 87%, 75% 49 80%, 60 J 50 72% 09, (%) 51 400W 128W,, 52 a 98%, 87%, 21%, b 21%, 90% % * 53 1Wh (J) 1 kwh (J) 120
* 54 a 120 I( )V( 0~100V, 0~1A b (a) 20V 50V 55 a 5 2 0 I - V 0 ~ 40 V, 0~20 A b c 56 a 1, 100 1000 I-V 0~100V, 0~100A b 57 0~10V 20, 10~15V 4, 15V 1 0~20V, 0~20A 58 PSpice EWB 425 E 400mV R 004 m 59 PSpice EWB 425 E 002V R 240 60 9 61 I, R t V, P W, (Circuit breaker) 2, (Diode),, ( ) (W) (P) (t) (J) (Ws) 2 (hp) 746W (kilowatthour meter) (Ohm s law) (power),, /(J/s) (W) 121