*CJ
standard Mw 40500 standard Mw 8000 CJ
CJ Chitosan
1. 70g Sprague Dawley 1 2. Stainless steel cage 3. Ingredient Basal Control CJ Sucrose Starch Casein DL-methionine Corn oil Lard Choline bitartarate Mineral (AIN76 mineral mix) Vitamin (AIN76 vitamin mix) Cholesterol CJ chitosan chitosan 49 15 20 0.3 1 10 0.2 3.5 1 0 0 0 48 15 20 0.3 1 10 0.2 3.5 1 1 0 0 41 15 20 0.3 1 10 0.2 3.5 1 1 7 0 41 15 20 0.3 1 10 0.2 3.5 1 1 0 7 100 100 100 100 Basal : Control : CJ : + CJ : +
* * * : P<0.01 vs control group
1. Liver weight in rats fed the experimental diets for 4 weeks Group Liver weight (g/100g BW) Total Cholesterol Basal (n=7) 2.960.18 11.5 2.9 Control (n=7) 4.07 0.29 56.6 11.0 CJ chitosan (n=8) 3.27 0.21 43.1 14.8 chitosan (n=7) 4.30 0.40 71.4 19.8 2. Rat Liver P< 0.01 BW : Body weight CJ CJ Control
CJ 1. Positively charged free amino group Basic polymer Level. 2. ph 2,000-20,000 In vitro 2,000. 3. GPC. 4. Rat In vivo CJ.
HCACitrate lyase HCA.
CoA Acyl-CoA Acyl-carnitine Carnitine Membrane translocase Acyl-carnitine carnitine Matrix side CoA Acyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA -oxidation Mechanism of L-carnintine
To obtain an effective anti-obesity effect, the functional food used for body weight reduction should have effects of suppressing dietary fat absorption, promotion of degradation of accumulated adipose tissue and inhibition of synthesis of body fat from nutrients derived from excessive sugars. In the conventional functional food products, food ingredients having identified efficacy are simply mixed. However, their effects of reducing body weight are weak and not synergistic, and even more, the effects can be reduced and severe side effects can arise. As described hereinbefore, comprising a water-soluble low-molecular weight chitosan and a Hibiscus extract and optionally, L-carnitine, has excellent effects on weight reduction and body fat, and especially, intra-abdominal visceral fat with no adjustment in caloric intake and expenditure, and there was no report of side effect. Therefore, the composition is applicable as an auxiliary use for weight reduction.
Mixed Ingredients Functional and indicative compounds CJ Hibiscus etc. complex extract Chitosan Chito-oligosaccharide 15000 Hibisucus flower water extract L-Carnitine 1.Chitosan (as total glucosamine) 187.2 mg/1 serving size 2. (+)-allo hydroxycitric acid lactone 52.0 mg /1 serving size 3. L-carnitine 121.2 mg /1 serving size Function claim : May help body fat reduction
Chito-OligoSaccharide 15000 The conventional chitosan A poor effect on fat absorption because it cannot be solubilized under a ph condition of the intestine. Enzyme treatment ultrafiltration Highly Advanced chitosan 10,000~20,000 Da chitosan β-1,4-poly-glucosamine Water-soluble at a neutral ph or a weak alkali average molecular weight of 15,000 Da Acceleration of bile acid binding effect Cholesterol lowering effect
Hibiscus flower water extract Functional (indicative) ingredient : (+)-allo hydroxy citric acid lactone increase urination, and be antihypertensive and antibacterial. Hydroxycitric acid(hca) of Hibiscus extract decreased Fatty acid biosynthesis by inhibition of citrate lyase Effects of -Amylase inhibitor on starch digestion Supplement as an auxiliary ingredient, composition for weight reduction, L-carnitine Functional (indicative) ingredient : L- carnitine Increases the rate at which fat is burned and the protein synthesis. This tends to reduce fat and build up lean muscle mass. Essential for the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria. Helps increase the burning of fat Necessary for the supply and production of energy Acyl-carnitine CoA Acyl-CoA Carnitine Membrane translocase Acyl-carnitine CoA carnitine Acyl-CoA Matrix side (+)-allo HCA lactone Hibiscus flower Acetyl-CoA -oxidation Mechanism of L-carnintine
Summary of Animal test Design Korean J Food Culture 20(2) : 194~203,2005 Effect of feeding chitosan,hibiscus extract and L-carnitine mixture on body weight and lipid metabolism in rats Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Ewha Woman s University 48 male rats(charles River CD) 5weeks with high fat diet to induce obesity and 8weeks feeding Randomized complete block design; Four groups according to body weight and raised for eight weeks with diet containing either 0.09% (+1D group), 0.9%(+10D group) or 4.5%(+50D group) of De Fat hibiscus Biomarker Body weight epididymal fat pad weight, perirenal fat pad weight, brown adipose tissue plasma and hepatic lipid levels, AST,ALT Liver citrate lyase, carnitine acyltransferase activities Fecal total lipid and total cholesterol excretions
Conclusive Animal test Results
Summary of Human test Design Korean J Nutrition 36(5) : 483~490,2003 The Effect of a potential anti-obesity supplement on weight loss and visceral fat accumulation in overweight women Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Department of cardiology,college of medicine, Yonsei Universtity Randomized, double blind test, placebo-controlled trials 50 spontaneously volunteered overweight women before menopause, who have an initial percent ideal body weight (PIBW) of greater than 110%. The every two capsules were administered 30 min after a meal for 8 weeks. Estimation : Daily food intake, total energy expenditure 0 week 4 week 8 week Biomarker - Blood test (lipid level, GOT,GPT, BUN etc) -Urinary test (toal antioxidant status) -Anthropometric parameters (Weight, BMI, PIBW,waist to hip ratio, LBM, Tricep, body fat (%) etc) -CT scan (visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area, thigh muscle area, thigh fat area) -Oral glucose tolerance test -Gene expression of heterozygout and homozygout mutation. -Anthropometric parameters(weight, body fat %,LBM) -Blood test(blood glucose,insulin test) -Anthropometric parameters -Blood test, urinary test -CT scan -gene expression
Conclusive Human test Results Body fat percentage was reduced by 5.6% (P<0.001) with reduction of body weight with no adjustment in caloric intake and expenditure. Computed tomography (CT scans), the abdominal visceral fat area at L4 level was significantly reduced by 8.6%(P<0.01). In addition, during the clinical test period of 8 weeks, the subjects reported high compliance rates, and there was no report of side effects.
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