QoS 보장을위한이기종망 (WiFi/HSPA/WiMax) 간 Vertical Handover 기술구현과적용 ( MIP, PMIP, MIH 중심으로 ) 2008.12.5 KTF 연구개발원진성일 (bigstop@ktf.com) Dec 2008 1
목차 I. Vertical Handover기술 II. Mobile IP III. Proxy Mobile IP IV. MIH V. VHO 기술구현시이슈 VI. 참조 Dec 2008 2
Vertical Handover기술 Dec 2008 3
Vertical Handover(VHO) 의정의 1/2 VHO란? 서로다른유무선 Access간단말의서비스및네트워킹을유지시키는 Multi Access기술이기종망간데이터서비스의 Seamless Mobility를의미 ( 일반적으로 IP Mobility) Horizontal Handover 의반대말 VHO vs. Horizontal Handover Horizontal Handover Vertical Handover IP Address Changed Changed Access 기술 Not Changed Changed Network Interface Not Changed Changed (Physical Interface) Actually used IP Single IP Single IP or Multiple IP Address at a time Link Characteristic Not Changed Changed (Bandwidth, Service Coverage) Dec 2008 4
QoS 입장에서의 VHO Seamless Mobility Src Addr : 1.0.0.1 Des Addr : 2.0.0.4 Router B Host 3 Host 4 Host 1 Host 2 2.0.0.3 2.0.0.4 Router A 1.0.0.1 1.0.0.2 Host 5 Host 4 Router C 4.0.0.5 4.0.0.4 일반적인 IP 환경인위의예제에서, Router B 에있던 Host4 가 Router C 로이동하면네트워크가달라지므로 Host4 의 IP 주소가변경되어 Host1 로부터전송되는메시지를수신하지못한다. 그러므로, 이동하는단말의끊김없는통신을위하여 IP 가바뀌지않거나,application 의연속성을보장해줄수있는기술을사용해야한다. (KEY : IP 는변하지않는다.) 예를들어와이브로 무선랜간이동시서로다른 default Router 환경하에서 IP Address 가바뀔수밖에없는상황임 Dec 2008 5
QoS 입장에서의 VHO Seamless Mobility 란? Seamless Mobility란? 사용자어플리케이션세션을유지하면서물리적네트웍을전환할수있는능력으로, 지연이나데이터유실없이연속적인서비스를제공하여사용자 ( 혹은단말 ) 의유무선접속기술에상관없이언제어디서나인터넷서비스를제공받을수있게만드는기술 ( IP Mobility 임 ) Seamless Mobility 의부재시?? 이기종망간이동시 QoS 및네트워크세션의단절이일어남. Roaming후어플리케이션의재실행이필요 VPN의재로그인필요 Roaming중잠재적인데이터손실에노출연결재설정, 어플리케이션의재실행등의불필요한시간소요 Dec 2008 6
VHO 기술의두가지관점 Mobile IP기반의 VHO Mobile IP Protocol 을이용한 Seamless Handover 단말의 IP Address는불변다양한종류의 Mobile IP 방식이존재함 COA, CCOA, FMIP(Fast Mobile IP), HMIP(Hierachical Mobile IP), Proxy Mobile IP, xgmip등 비 Mobile IP 기반의 VHO Mobile IP에비해 IP Address가바뀌어도 ( 이기종망을이동하여도 ) 상위응용프로그램의연속성을보장해주는이동성기술기존망의 Node들은이동성과무관한경우가많음기술개발및적용이용이하며, 단말과 Contents Server 간의기술이대부분임. Layer별로다양한기술들이존재함. MOBIKE, msctp, HIP 등 Dec 2008 7
계층별 VHO 관련기술정리 MIH : Media Independent Handover HIP : Host Identity Protocol msctp : mobile SCTP Dec 2008 8
VHO 관련기술비교 단말과네크워크입장 이동성제공기술 프로토콜 단말구 Seamless 정도 ( 이 구현의 IP 주소할당 구현노드 규격추진기 type 현 동성관리의효율성 ) 난이도 ( 단말입장 ) 관 단말 Client가필요없는이동성기술 단말 Client가필요하고기존망을변경해야하는이동성기술 단말 Client가필요하고기존망의변경이필요없는이동성기술 PMIP 필요없음 보통 높음 멀티 IP GGSN, HA 3GPP 의 필요없 보통 높음 멀티 IP GGSN, WAG와 음 WAG PDG 연동 SIP의이동성 COA 의 Mobile IP CCOA 의 Mobile IP 필요없음 IETF 3GPP 낮음낮음멀티 IP CSCF IETF 필요함 높음 매우높 음 Single IP GGSN, HA, 단말 IETF 필요함높음보통 Single IP 단말, HA IETF MOBIKE 필요함 높음 보통 멀티 IP ( 멀티호밍 ) 단말, UAG IETF, WiMAX 포럼 msctp, HIP, migrate TCP 필요함 높음 보통 멀티 IP ( 멀티호밍 ) 단말, Gateway IETF Dec 2008 9
Mobile IP Dec 2008 10
용어정리 1/2 Home Address Mobile Node 가위치하는네트워크와상관없이변경되지않고유지되는 Mobile Node 의 IP 주소 Home Network Mobile Node의 home address와 network prefix가일치하는 network Mobile Node 의 Home Address 로수신되는메시지는 Home Network 으로전달됨 Foreign Network Mobile Node 의 Home Network 이외의 network Mobility Agent Mobile IP 를지원하는 Agent (home agent, foreign agent) Dec 2008 11
용어정리 2/2 Agent Advertisement 일반적인 Router Advertisement 메시지에 Mobility Agent Advertisement extension 을추가하여생성 한 advertisement 메시지 Care-of Address Mobile Node 를향하는터널의종점 ( 터널의반대편종점은 Home Agent 가됨 ) foreign agent care-of-address Mobile Node 가등록된 Foreign Agent 의주소 co-located care-of-address DHCP 와같은방법으로 Mobile Node 의 network interface 에할당된 local IP 주소 Dec 2008 12
1-2. Mobile IP Concept Host Home Agent tunneling Mobile Node Home link Host Movement Mobile Node Foreign Agent Foreign link Mobile Node가 Home Network에위치할경우, Mobile Node와 Host간에송수신 packet Flow Mobile Node가 Foreign Network에위치할경우, Mobile Node가 Host로보내는 packet Flow Mobile Node 가 Foreign Network 에위치할경우, Host 가 Mobile Node 로보내는 packet Flow Dec 2008 13
1-3. 구성요소및역할 Mobile node Mobile IP 를지원하는단말 : IP(Home Address) 는변하지않는다. HA(Home Agent) Mobile node의 care-of-address 유지및관리 Mobile node 로향하는 packet 이자신에게도달할수있도록 reach-ability ability Advertisement message 를전송한다. Mobile node로향하는 packet을 intercept하여 mobile node의 care-of-address로 tunneling해준다. FA(Foreign Agent) Mobile node 가 Home Agent 에게 care-of-address address 를등록하는것을돕는다. Home Agent로부터 tunneling된 packet을 de-tunneling하여 mobile node에게전달한다. Mobile node에의해만들어진 packet을보낼수있는 default router역할을한다. Dec 2008 14
2-1. Mobility Agent Discovery Mobile Node 가어떤 Mobility Agent 에접속되어있는지판단 Agent Advertisements Message 와 Agent Solicitations Message 로구성 Agent Advertisements Message - Mobility Agent가동일네트워크내에모든노드에게자신의상태정보를전송함 Agent Solicitations Message - Mobile Node가 Advertisements Message를얻지못했을때 Mobility Agent에게 Advertisements Message의송신을요청 Mobile Node의 home address와 Advertisements Message의 source address를 (network-prefix부분) 비교 - Move Detection Dec 2008 15
2-2. Agent Solicitations Message Format Vers = 4 TTL = 1 IHL Identification Type of Service Protocol = ICMP Flags Total Length Fragment Offset Header Checksum Source Address = mobile node s home address IP Header Destination Address = 255.255.255.255(broadcast) or 224.0.0.2(multicast) Type = 10 Code = 0 reserved Checksum ICMP Router Solicitation Dec 2008 16
2-3. Agent Advertisements Message Format -1 Vers = 4 IHL Type of Service Total Length Identification Flags Fragment Offset TTL = 1 Protocol = ICMP Header Checksum Source Address = home and/or foreign agent s address on this link Destination Address = 255.255.255.255(broadcast) 255(b or 224.0.0.1(multicast) 0 t) Type = 9 Code Checksum Num Addrs Addr Entry Lifetime Router Address[1] Preference Level[1] Router Address[2] Preference Level[2]. Type = 16 Length Sequence Number Registration Lifetime R B H F M G r T Reserved Care-of-Address[1] Care-of-Address[2]. Type = 19 Length Prefix-Length[1] Prefix-Length[2] IP Header ICMP Router Advertisement Mobility Agent Advertisement Extension Prefix-length Extension(optional) Dec 2008 17
2-4. Agent Advertisements Message Format 2 Sequence Number : 최초로전송되는 Advertisement 의 sequence number 는 0 (0 ~ 0xffff) Registration Lifetime : Mobility Agent가허용하는최대등록시간 R bit (set 1) : FA 를통해서 Registration ti B bit (set 1) : FA가 busy상태임을표시 H bit (set 1) : Mobility Agent가 HA 임을나타냄 F bit (set 1) : Mobility Agent 가 FA 임을나타냄 M bit (set 1) : Minimal Encapsulation을사용하여 tunneling함 G bit (set 1) : GRE Protocol을사용하여 tunneling함 r bit : 0 으로설정하여보냄 ( 수신시해당값은무시됨 ) T bit (set 1) : Foreign Agent의 Reverse Tunneling 지원여부 Reserved : reserved filed (0 으로설정하여보냄 ) Care-of Address : FA의 care-of address Dec 2008 18
2-5. Don t hear no Advertisements Mobile Node가 Agent Solicitation Message를 broadcast 하여도 Advertisement Message 를수신하지못할경우, 1. Home link 에접속해있다고생각하고, Home agent 의상태가비정상적인것으로판단하여, Home link 에접속을시도하기위해 ICMP Echo Request message를날린다. - Default router 로부터응답이온다면, home link 에접속한것과같은방법으로통신 2. Default router 로부터응답이없으면, foreign link 에위치하여있다고판단하여, DHCP server 로부 터 IP 를할당받는다 - 성공 : 이 IP를 CCOA로이용하여, Registration 시도 - 실패 : 운용자가직접 CCOA로이용할 IP를입력해주길기다린다 Dec 2008 19
2-6. Move Detection Using Lifetimes Agent Advertisement message 의 ICMP Router Advertisement 부분의 Lifetime 필드를이용 Mobile node 가다음 Advertisement message 를수신할시간을예상 예상된시간이지나도 Advertisement message 를받지못하면다른 link 로이동했다고판단하고 Agent Solicitation message 를보내어다른 Advertisement message 를받을준비를한다 Using Network-prefixes Advertisement message 의 Source Address를저장해놓았다가, 다른 IP Source Address가들어오면, Mobile node가이동했다고판단 - 동일링크에서이동한경우, no registration - 다른링크로이동한경우, registration to Home-agent 같은링크인지다른링크인지는 Agent Advertisement message의 Prefix-Lengths Extension부분을 참조하여확인 - IF Network-prefix[i] = leftmost Prefix-Length[i] bits of Router Address[i] {same link } - Else { different link } Dec 2008 20
3-1. Registration Scenarios - 1 1. Foreign link 에 FA 가존재할경우 Mobile node 1 2 Registration Request 4 FA 3 HA Registration Reply FA 의 care-of-address 를이용하여 HA 에등록한다. * COA 의 Mobile IP, PMIP 모두비슷한망구조임. Dec 2008 21
3-1. Registration Scenarios - 2 2. Foreign link 에 FA 가없을경우 Mobile node 1 Registration Request HA 2 Registration Reply 단말의 Collocate-care-of-address(CCOA) 이용하여 HA 에등록한다. * CCOA 의 Mobile IP, msctp, MOBIKE, HIP 등은모두비슷한 Network 구조로동작함. Dec 2008 22
3-1. Registration Scenarios - 3 1. Mobile node 가 Home link 로돌아왔을경우 De-registration Request 1 Mobile node HA 2 De-registration Reply De-registration 한다. Dec 2008 23
3-2. Registration Request message Format -1 Vers = 4 IHL Type of Service Total Length Identification Flags Fragment Offset TTL = 1 Protocol = UDP Header Checksum Source Address Destination Address Source Port Destination Port = 434 Length Checksum Type = 1 S B D M G r T x Lifetime Mobile Node s Home Address Home Agent Address Care-of Address Identification Type = 32 Length Security Parameter... Index (SPI) Authenticator(Default equals Keyed MD5) IP Header UDP Header Fixed-Length Portion of Registration Request Mobile-Home Authentication Extension Dec 2008 24
3-2. Registration Request Message Format-2 S bit : *Simultaneous Binding 지원여부 B bit : Broadcast packet 전송여부 D bit : CCOA 이용 (set 0 FA 의 COA 이용 ) M bit : IP in IP 대신 Minimal i Encapsulation 사용 G bit : IP in IP 대신 GRE(Generic Routing Encapsulation) 사용 r bit : reserved filed (0 으로설정하여보냄 ) T bit : FA 의 Reverse Tunneling 요청여부 x bit : 0 으로설정하여보냄 ( 의미가없는 filed) lifetime : 0 de-registration, 0xFFFF infinity Home Address : 0 dynamic MIP, 0 보다큰값 static MIP Identification : Request와 Reply message의 matching value mobile node와 home agent 간의 replay protection에사용됨 * HA 의 binding table 에하나의 home address 에여러개의 COA 를등록하는것이가능하다. Dec 2008 25
3-3. Registration Reply message Format-1 Request message Format과 Fixed-Length Portion of Registration Request 부분만다르다. Type = 3 Code Lifetime Mobile Node s Home Address Home Agent Address Identification Fixed-Length Portion of Registration Reply Dec 2008 26
3-3. Registration Reply message Format-2 Code : Registration Request 의결과값 0 Registration 성공 1 Registration 성공 1 이상값 실패 ( 자세한코드값은 RFC 3220 참조 ) Home Address : HA 가 Mobile Node 에할당하는 Mobile IP 주소 Dec 2008 27
4-1. Packet Routing to and from Mobile Node 1. Home Agent 는 mobile node에대한 reach-ability를광고한다. 2. Mobile node의 home address로향하는 packet들을 HA가 intercept한다. 3. HA 는등록된 COA 로 tunneling 하여 FA 로 packet 을보낸다. 4. FA는 de-tunneling 하여해당 mobile node에 packet을전달한다. COA FA Router Host CCOA : Original packet : tunneled packet HA Dec 2008 28
4-2. Forward & Reverse Tunneling Host Host Home Agent Home Agent tunneling tunneling Mobile Node Mobile Node Foreign Agent Foreign link Foreign Agent Foreign link < Forward Tunneling > < Reverse Tunneling > Mobile node 에서만들어진 packet 은 FA 를통해바로 internet 으로전송된다. Mobile node 에서만들어진 packet 은 FA 를통해 HA 로 tunneling 된다. * MIP 나 PMIP 이상용화된다면사업자는 Reverse tunneling 방식으로사용할가능성이높다.( 과금및가입자제어이슈때문 ) Dec 2008 29
4-3. Intercept packet Mobile node의 home address에대한 reach-ability Advertisement message를링크의모든노드에게전송한다. Mobile node 의 home address 로향하는 packet 은모두 HA 로보내진다. Proxy ARP Host가 mobile node의 link-layer address를알기위해 ARP request를보내면, HA가 proxy 역할을하여, mobile node대신 HA가 mobile node의 IP home address에대응되는 link-layer address를 Host에게보내준다. 따라서 mobile mode로향하는 packet은 HA로보내진다. Dec 2008 30
4-4. Mobile nodes send packet With a Foreign Agent FA 에서보내주는 packet 의 source IP address 나 Agent advertisement message 의 default Router 주소값을 next hop 으로정하여그주소로 packet kt 을보낸다. Without a Foreign Agent 다. CCOA Mobile IP 를의미하며, advertisement 되어지는 router address field 의값으로 packet 을보낸 Advertisement message 가없을때는 DHCP 로부터할당받은 IP 주소를 CCOA 로사용하여 HA 에등 록한다. Dec 2008 31
4-5. Tunneling - 1 Original IP Header New IP Header Payload Vers = 4 IHL Type of Service Total Length Identification Flags Fragment Offset TTL = 1 Protocol = 4 (IP-in-IP) Header Checksum Source Address (tunnel s end-point) Destination Address (tunnel s end-point) IP-in-IP Encapsulation Outer IP Header [RFC 2003] < IP-in-IP Encapsulation > Dec 2008 32
4-5. Tunneling - 2 Original IP Header Modified IP Header Payload Minimal Forwarding Header Protocol S reversed Header Checksum Original Destination Address (if present) Original Source Address Minimal Forwarding Header [RFC 2004] < Minimal Encapsulation > Dec 2008 33
4-5. Tunneling - 3 Original IP Header New IP Header Payload GRE Header CR K S s Recur Flags Ver Protocol Checksum (optional) Offset (optional) Key (optional) Sequence Number (optional) Routing (optional) GRE Header [RFC 1701] < GRE(Generic Routing Encapsulation) > Dec 2008 34
5. Example Scenarios 1 Mobile node s home address 129.34.78.5 Mobile node s home agent 129.34.78.254 Foreign agent s wireless address 137.0.0.11 Foreign agent s care-of address 922011 9.2.20.11 DHCP-allocated care-of address 9.2.43.94 Mobile node s source port 1094 Foreign agent s source port 1105 Care-of address registration lifetime 60,000 seconds Home agent-granted granted lifetime 35,000 seconds Dec 2008 35
5. Example Scenarios(COA) 2 (Agent Advertisement) HA Agent Advertisement message HOST FA MN IP header fiends ICMP header Router Adv Mobile Service Ext S = 137.0.0.11 D = 255.255.255.255 F=1 Type = 9 Code = 16.. Lifetime = 60,000 COA = 9.2.20.11 Dec 2008 36
5. Example Scenarios(COA) 3(MN FA) HA HOST FA MN IP header fiends UDP header Mobile IP Authentication ti ti message fields Ext. S = 129.34.78.5 Src port = 1094 Type = 1 SPI = 302 D = 137.0.0.11 TTL = 1 Des port = 434 Lifetime = 60,000 COA = 9.2.20.11 HA = 129.34.78.254 MA = 129.34.78.5 Dec 2008 37
5. Example Scenarios(COA) 4(FA HA) HA HOST FA MN IP header fiends UDP header Mobile IP Authentication ti ti message fields Ext. S=922011 9.2.20.11 Src port = 1105 Type = 1 SPI = 302 D = 129.34.78.254 TTL = 64 Des port = 434 Lifetime = 60,000 COA = 9.2.20.11 HA = 129.34.78.254 MA = 129.34.78.5 Dec 2008 38
5. Example Scenarios(COA) 5(HA FA) HA HOST FA MN IP header fiends UDP header Mobile IP Authentication ti ti message fields Ext. S = 129.34.78.254 254 Src port = 434 Type = 3 SPI = 302 D = 9.2.20.11 TTL = 64 Des port = 1105 Lifetime = 35,000 HA = 129.34.78.254 MA = 129.34.78.5 Dec 2008 39
5. Example Scenarios(COA) 6(FA MN) HA HOST FA MN IP header fiends UDP header Mobile IP Authentication ti ti message fields Ext. S=1370011 137.0.0.11 Src port = 434 Type = 3 SPI = 302 D = 129.34.78.5 TTL = 1 Des port = 1094 Lifetime = 35,000 HA = 129.34.78.254 MA = 129.34.78.5 Dec 2008 40
5. Example Scenarios(CCOA) 7(MN HA) HA HOST MN IP header UDP header fiends S=924394 9.2.43.94 Src port = 1094 D = 129.34.78.254 Des port = 434 TTL = 64 Mobile IP message fields Type = 1 Lifetime = 65,535 COA = 9.2.43.94 HA = 129.34.78.254 MA = 129.34.78.5 D bit = 1 Authentication ti ti Ext. SPI = 302 Dec 2008 41
5. Example Scenarios(CCOA) 8(HA MN) HA HOST MN IP header UDP header Mobile IP Authentication ti ti fiends message fields Ext. S = 129.34.78.254 254 Src port = 434 Type = 3 SPI = 302 D = 129.34.78.5 TTL = 64 Des port = 1094 Lifetime = 35,000 COA = 9.2.43.94 HA = 129.34.78.254 MA = 129.34.78.5 Dec 2008 42
Proxy Mobile IP Dec 2008 43
PMIP 개요 PMA Operation: RFC 3344을지원하며, 예외사항 - No agent discovery (i.e. agent solicitation and advertisement) is supported - D-bit (De-encapsulation by MN): Registration Request에는항상 zero로셋팅 PMA와 HA간의라우팅경로의설정, 유지및종료기능 HA Operation: RFC 3344을지원하며, 추가사항 - 다수의 PMA 로부터오는 PRRQ 들간의 Sequencing - PRRQ의인증 (FA-HA AE or IPsec AH/ESP) - draft-leung-mip4-proxy-mode-09.txt 정의된 Proxy Mobile IPv4 Extensions 수행 Mobile device Operation: Initial Network Access Mobile Device Mobility Sending and Receiving Packet Dec 2008 44
PMIP Extension PMIP 의 Extension: PMIPv4 Per-Node Authentication Method Extension - Default: MN-HA Authentication Extension, RFC 3344 - Extension: FA-HA Authentication, IPSec Authentication Proxy Mobile IPv4 Interface ID Extension - An identifier of the interface Proxy Mobile IPv4 Device ID Extension - Ethernet MAC address, Mobile Equipment Identifier (MEID), International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI), Electronic Serial Number (ESN) Proxy Mobile IPv4 Subscriber ID Extension - International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) PMIP Access Technology Type Extension - 802.3, 802.11a/b/g, 802.16e, 802.16m, 3GPP EUTRAN/LTE, 3GPP UTRAN/GERAN, 3GPP2 1xRTT/HRPD, 3GPP2 UMB Dec 2008 45
Proxy Registration Request (PRRQ) 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Type = 1 S B D M G r T x Lifetime Home Address Home Agent Care of Address Identification Identification Extensions (Mobile IP NAI, PMIPv4 Per Node Authentication Method, PMIPv4 Interface ID, PMIPv4 Device ID, PMIPv4 Subscriber ID, PMIPv4 Access Technologe Type, Revocation Support, Foreign-Home Authentication) * Mobile IP NAI Extension, Revocation Support Extension, Foreign-Home Authentication Extensoion 은 mandatory 임 Dec 2008 46
Proxy Registration Reply (PRRP) 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Type = 3 Code Lifetime Home Address Home Agent Identification Identification Extensions (Mobile IP NAI, PMIPv4 Per Node Authentication Method, PMIPv4 Interface ID, PMIPv4 Device ID, PMIPv4 Subscriber ID, PMIPv4 Access Technologe Type, Revocation Support, Foreign-Home Authentication) * Mobile IP NAI Extension, Revocation Support Extension, Foreign-Home Authentication Extensoion 은 mandatory 임 Dec 2008 47
Registration Revocation 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Type = 7 reserved A I reserved Home Address Home Domain Address Foreign Domain Address Revocation Identifier Extensions (Mobile IP NAI, Foreign-Home Authentication) * Mobile IP NAI Extension, Foreign-Home Authentication i Extensoion 은 mandatory 임 Dec 2008 48
Registration Revocation Acknowledge 0 7 8 15 16 23 24 31 Type = 15 reserved I reserved Home Address Revocation Identifier Extensions (Mobile IP NAI, Foreign-Home Authentication) * Mobile IP NAI Extension, Foreign-Home Authentication Extensoion 은 mandatory 임 Dec 2008 49
Extensions (I) Mobile IP NAI Extension 0 7 Type = 131 Length MN-NAI (variable) PMIPv4 Per-Node Authentication Method Extension 0 7 Type = 47 Sub-type = 1 Length Method (FA-HA, IPSec) PMIPv4 Interface ID Extension 0 7 Type = 147 Length Sub-type = 1 Identifier (variable) PMIPv4 Device ID Extension 0 7 Type = 147 Length Sub-type = 2 ID-Type (Ethernet MAC, MEID, IMEI, ESN) Ientifier (variable) PMIPv4 Subscriber ID Extension 0 7 Type = 147 Length Sub-type = 3 ID-Type (IMSI) Ientifier (variable) PMIPv4 Access Technology Type Extension 0 7 Type = 147 Length Sub-type = 4 ID-Type (802.3, 802.11a/b/g, 802.16e, 802.16m, 3GPP, 3GPP2) Ientifier (variable) Dec 2008 50
Extensions (II) III. Message Format Revocation Support Extension 0 7 Type = 137 Length = 6 I Reserved Reserved Timestemp (4-byte) Foregin-Home Authentication Extension 0 7 Type = 34 Length SPI (4-byte) Authenticator (16-byte) Dec 2008 51
Initial Call Setup MN FA(PMA) AAA HA Link Setup Request Link Setup Response Access-Request Access-Accept Proxy Registration Request (lifetime=n, NAI) Access-Request Access-Accept Proxy Registration Reply Data Forwarding Data Forwarding Dec 2008 52
Re-Registration MN FA(PMA) AAA HA Link Setup PMIP Binding Timer < n Proxy Registration Request (lifetime=n, NAI) Proxy Registration ti Reply Dec 2008 53
Handover Call Flow (Singing binding) MN Old FA New FA AAA HA Link Setup PMIP Binding Link Setup Request Link Setup Response Access-Request Access-Accept Proxy Registration ti Request (lifetime=n, NAI, Sbit=0) Access-Request Access-Accept Proxy Registration Reply Registration Revocation Registration Revocation Acknowledge Dec 2008 54
Handover Call Flow (Simulataneous binding) MN Old FA New FA AAA HA Link Setup PMIP Binding Link Setup Request Link Setup Response Access-Request Access-Accept Proxy Registration ti Request (lifetime=n, NAI, Sbit=1) Access-Request Access-Accept Proxy Registration Reply Bi-casting Link Release Proxy Registration Request (lifetime=0, NAI, Sbit=1) Proxy Registration Reply Dec 2008 55
Relase Call Flow MN FA(PMA) AAA HA Link Setup PMIP Binding Link Release Request Link Release Response Proxy Registration Request (lifetime=0, NAI, S bit = 0 or 1) Proxy Registration Reply Dec 2008 56
MIH(Media Independent Handover) Dec 2008 57
MIH(Media Independent Handover) IEEE 802.21 MIH Information Server WCDMA/HSDPA 802.21 Enabled CDMA 802.21 Enabled WiMAX/WiBro 802.21 Enabled WLAN 802.21 Enabled WCDMA OFF CDMA OFF WiBro OFF WLAN ON Global Network MAP -List of 802.11(WLAN) AP -List of 802.16(WiBro) RAS -List of WCDMA node-b/rnc -List of CDMA BTS/BSC Mobile Device L2에서서로다른이기종망간위치정보 ( 인접정보 ) 를단말에제공하여 Seamless Roaming 을원활하게하는 IEEE 802.21 MIH 구현 Dec 2008 58
MIH Information Service Dec 2008 59
VHO 기술구현시이슈 - 이동통신망적용시고려할점 - Dec 2008 60
단말이슈 서로다른무선 Access 간통합이선행되어야함. 예를들어 WiBro/HSDPA/WiFi등의무선네트웍 Chipset의통합 - 저전력설계 - 이기종무선 Access간효과적인 Coordination 이러한과정이선행되지않는한완벽한 Seamless Mobility는불가능하다!! 퀄컴, Broadcom, GCT 등이동통신및 WiMAX Chip vendor의협조가필수 단말기술의발달 단말자체의 Processing 성능이아직도부족하다.( 아직도 IT기술은더발달해야한다.) - 노트북 : Windows XP, Vista, Linux, MAC OS - PDA? - Handset? -- 이동성기술은단말의종합기술임.( 네트워크의중요성보다는단말의중요성이커짐.) Dec 2008 61
과금및인증, 품질 서로다른통신사업자, 서로다른과금체계 무선 Access 간서로다른가입자인식체계 ( 네트워크가인식하는 ) - WCDMA, CDMA : IMSI - WiMAX/WiBro : MAC Address - WLAN : ID 서로다른 Access 간과금을어떻게할것인가? - 무선 Access 지역간과금 (ACR, GGSN) or 이동성과금 (HA) - 기존과금체계의대폭수정이필요 ( 과도한투자가요구됨 ) 서로다른인증체계 Handover 시 QoS 품질의변화 Dec 2008 62
서비스측면 네트워크서비스이슈 무선초기접속시간 단말성능 통신사업자에적합한 Policy 수립 Battery 문제 이동성이반드시보장되어야하는서비스가있는가? 착신형서비스 (VoIP, Push to talk) IPv6 Static IP Always On( Preservation) Dec 2008 63
참조 : KT-KTF 이기종망간 VHO 시험망구현및적용 Dec 2008 64
KT-KTF 이기종망간 VHO 시험망구성도 PMIP/MIH 적용 WCDMA Network/ KTF 일산 -TB HA GGSN SGSN KT 우면동 AAA DHCP WCDMA Network HA NODE-B MIH/ Client KT Network WiBro Network MIH Server ACR RAS MIH/ Client Dec 2008 65
Proxy Mobile IP WCDMA call flow TE MT RNC SGSN GGSN/FA AAA AT-commands [APN] LCP negotiation [MRU, Auth, Prot ] Authentication [CHAP/PAP/none] The MT store the authentication parameter HA IPCP Config-req [IP-address, Header compression] Activate PDP Context Request Create PDP Context Req [APN, EUA, QoS, PDP- type, TID, PCO] Access Request Access Accept PMIP Registration Request [CA [CoA, NAI Et Ext, Revo Et Ext, FAHA FA-HA Ext] Insert Home address in PDP context PMIP Registration Reply [HoA, Lifetime] Dec 2008 IPCP Config-Ack [IP-address, Header compression] Activate PDP Context Accept Create PDP Context Response [PCO, EUA, Cause]
Mobile IP - WCDMA TE MT RNC SGSN GGSN/FA AAA AT-commands [APN] LCP negotiation [MRU] IPCP Config-req [MIPv4 - RFC 2290] Activate PDP Context Request Activate PDP Context Accept IPCP Config-Ack [MIPv4] Agent Advertisement [CoA] MIP Registration Request [CoA, NAI Ext, MN-HA Ext] MIP Registration Reply Create PDP Context Request Access Request [APN=MIPv4FA] Access Accept Create PDP Context Response [no PDP address] MIP Registration Request MIP Registration Reply [HoA, Lifetime] HA Update PDP context Update PDP context Insert Home address in PDP context Dec 2008
Mobile-initiated Handover Procedure (ACR->GGSN) Radio Threshold Check MN ACR (Serving NW) GGSN (Candidate NW) AAA HA / MIH Server User Traffic MIH_MN_HO_Commit Request MIH_N2N_HO_Commit Request Resource Preparation Save Home Address Proxy Register Request Proxy Register Reply MIH_MN_HO_Commit Response Activate/Create PDP Context Request MIH_N2N_HO_Commit Response HSDPA Access Activate/Create PDP Context Response Assign End User Address RADIUS Access Request RADIUS Access Accept User Traffic MIH_MN_HO_Complete_RequestMN HO Resource Release MIH_MN_HO_Complete_Response MIH_N2N_HO_Complete Request MIH_N2N_HO_Complete Response Dec 2008 68
Mobile-initiated Handover Procedure (GGSN->ACR : Single Binding) MN GGSN (Serving NW) ACR (Candidate NW) AAA HA / MIH Server Radio Threshold Check Resource Preparation Link Up HSDPA Release MIH_MN_HO_Commit MN HO Request MIH_N2N_HO_Commit Request MIH_N2N_HO_Commit Response MIH_MN_HO_Commit Response Establish new L2 connection Register Revocation Register Revocation Acknowledgment De-activate/Delete PDP Context Request De-activate/Delete PDP Context Response User Traffic User Traffic Resource Release MIH_MN_HO_Complete_Request MIH_N2N_HO_Complete Request MIH_N2N_HO_Complete Response MIH_MN_HO_Complete_Response Dec 2008 69
Mobile-initiated Handover Procedure (GGSN->ACR : Simultaneous Binding) MN GGSN (Serving NW) ACR (Candidate NW) AAA HA / MIH Server Radio Threshold Check Resource Preparation Link Up HSDPA Release MIH_MN_HO_Commit MN HO Request MIH_N2N_HO_Commit Request MIH_N2N_HO_Commit Response MIH_MN_HO_Commit Response Establish new L2 connection De-activate/Delete PDP Context Request De-activate/Delete PDP Context Response Proxy Register Request (Lifetime=0) Proxy Register Reply User Traffic User Traffic Resource Release MIH_MN_HO_Complete_Request MIH_N2N_HO_Complete Request MIH_N2N_HO_Complete Response MIH_MN_HO_Complete_Response Dec 2008 70