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1 Journal of Convergence for Information Technology Vol. 8. No. 1, pp , 2018 ISSN e-issn DOI : 완전몰입형가상현실로인한사이버멀미가동적균형에미치는영향 김나은, 김유림, 문상철, 이동훈, 임호정, 장은경, 홍지은, 강종호 * 부산가톨릭대학교물리치료학과 The Effect of Dynamic Balance on Cyber Motion Sickness of Full Immersion Virtual Reality Na-Eun Kim, Yu-lim Kim, Sang-cheol Moon, Dong-hung Lee, Ho-jeong Lim, Eun-kyung Jang, Ji-eun Hung, Jong-ho Kang * Division of Physical Therapy, Catholic Universtiy of Pusan 요약본연구는완전몰입형가상현실장비의사용으로발생하는사이버멀미로인해야기된동적균형의변화가낙상을일으키는지알아보고자하였다. 연구의취지를이해하고자발적으로참여에동의한균형감각이정상인 20대성인남녀 39명을대상으로 VR착용전과후의멀미지수, 심박수를측정하고 Biorescue 의안정성한계검사를실시하였다. 가상현실체험을위한도구로 Samsung gear VR을이용하였고, To the Homeland 라는게임을 20분간실시하였다. VR착용후동적균형훈련이약간감소하였으나통계적으로유의한차이는없었다. VR착용전과후의멀미변화는멀미설문조사를통해통계적으로유의한차이가있음을알수있었다. 심박수변화는 Pulse Oximeter을이용하여심박수증가를보여통계적으로유의한차이가있었다. 일반인을대상으로완전몰입형가상현실체험은멀미가유발되나동적균형문제에는다소영향을미치지못하였다. 그렇기때문에 VR 착용으로인한사이버멀미는균형감소와낙상을유발시키지않는다. 주제어 : 완전몰입형가상현실, 사이버멀미, 동적균형, 낙상, 물리치료 Abstract The purpose of the study was to explore whether the Cyber Motion sickness used VR causes a change in the dynamic balance and fall. For 39 people who voluntarily participated in this study, this study measured the motion sickness questionnaires, the heart rate and stability of limit test in BioRescue. The study used Samsung Gear VR and applied the games to the To the homeland. The game proceeded 20minutes. Although the value of the stability after a VR application is slightly reduced, it did not reach statistical significance. The motion sickness questionnaires increased, and it had a statistical significant impact. Also Heart rate increased and it had a statistically significant impact. A virtual reality game affect for getting motion sickness but it did not affect the dynamic balance. So, cyber motion sickness caused by virtual reality wear does not result in decreased balance and falls. Key Words : Full immersion virtual reality, Dynamic balance, Motion sickness, Fall, Physical therapy 1. 서론 [1]. 이러한가상현실을상용화한것은 2000년대중반에 가상현실 (VR : Virtual Reality) 이란컴퓨터의프로그 반몰입형가상현실을즐길수있는소니의플레이스테 램을통하여디지털화한컨텐츠를사용자에게실제와유 이션2, 닌텐도의위를출시하면서시작되었고, 이장비들 사한경험을만들어주는쌍방향성시뮬레이션을말한다 은적절한현실감을재현하고흥미와재미로동기를유 *Corresponding Author : Jong-Ho Kang(swihtun@cup.ac.kr) Received December 10, 2017 Revised January 23, 2018 Accepted February 20, 2018 Published February 28, 2018

2 132 융합정보논문지제 8 권제 1 호 발하며사용자와장비간의상호작용적인터페이스를가지고있고각종컨텐츠를이용함으로써사용자의욕구를해소시켜주며동기부여는물론자아만족감을가지게하는쌍방향성가상현실장비이다. 또한몰입형장비들은각각제공하는컨텐츠에대해사용자와장비간의시각적, 청각적으로피드백을주고받으며화면상의물체를옮기고, 사용하여현실상의상황처럼사용자의움직임을유발시킨다 [2]. 가상현실장비를사용했을때의도적으로만들어낸움직임을이용한시각적, 청각적피드백훈련은정상성인은물론, 균형이저하된노인이나척수손상환자, 뇌졸중환자그리고편마비환자의균형에효과적인치료기기로사용가능하다고하였다 [3]. Nintendo 사에서제공하는 Wii Sport라는프로그램을사용하여낙상의위험이있는뇌졸중환자들에게적용한결과적용전보다적용후낙상효능감이향상되어뇌졸중환자에대한낙상위험률이감소를입증하였고 [4], 뇌졸중환자를대상으로 X box Kinect 를이용하여가상현실상에서균형능력에대한훈련효과를검증한결과시각적, 청각적피드백을통해능동적인움직임을유발하여자세적안정성를향상시키고정상보행패턴을유발하여 [5,6] 균형뿐만아니라보행능력을향상키는결과를보였다 [7-10]. 현대기술의발달에따라최근에출시된완전몰입형가상현실기술은컴퓨터에서만들어낸 3D 가상공간과사용자의오감과상호작용을이루는기술로써사용자는새로운 3D 가상공간에서완전몰입감을느끼고, 실제로가상공간속에실존하는것과같은현실감을제공하는융합기술이다 [11]. 그러나완전몰입형가상현실의가장큰문제점은사이버멀미 (Cyber motion sickness) 이다 [12]. 장시간 VR 사용하는것은멀미증상을불러오고불쾌감을일으키며체험시간을감소시킨다 [13]. 이러한사이버멀미는완전한해결이되지못하고있으며문제로대두되고있다. 완전몰입형가상현실의이용으로인해서발생되는사이버멀미 (Cyber sickness) 는감각갈등이론 (Sensory conflict theory) 으로설명되어진다. 감각갈등이론은멀미를유발시키는두개의감각영역을시각과전정감각이라고가정하고이두개의감각이전달하는감각정보가기존의경험을바탕으로한예상과일치하지않을때두감각정보간의감각갈등발생 으로멀미가발생한다 [14]. 인간은현실환경에서시각과전정감각그리고고유수용성감각의상호간의협응을통해안정된자세를유지할수있다. 그러나시각과정전감각간의괴리가발생될경우균형의변화가나타나며이로인해낙상이유발될수있다. 낙상은신체적요인에서시각보다는균형감각과밀접한관련이있다 [15]. 완전몰입형가상현실을시행한후나타나는사이버멀미의발생으로인해향후완전몰입형가상현실로치료에접목시키기위해서는발생가능한낙상의문제와관련된요소인균형의변화에대한연구가많이부족하다. 이에본연구는완전몰입형가상현실게임을시행한후발생되어지는사이버멀미에대해실제로낙상의문제를일으킬수있는정도의동적균형의변화가나타나는지알아보고자한다. 2. 연구방법 2.1 연구대상대상자는 C대학에재학중인대학생들로, 본연구의목적에동의하여스스로참여를허락한 20대학생 40명중실험하기전어지럼증을호소하는자는제외하여 39 명을대상으로연구하였다. 연구대상자의선정조건은연구자의지시내용, 연구내용과목적을충분히이해하고자발적으로참여에동의한성인을대상으로하였고시각과정전감각에이상이없는자를선정하였다. 2.2 연구절차본연구는 39명의대상자가실험에참여하였다. 실험전, 후의멀미, 심박수, 균형의변화를비교해보기위해서 VR을체험하기전에멀미설문지를이용한멀미지수측정, 심박수측정그리고바이오레스큐의안정성한계검사를측정하였다. VR을 20분동안실시하고후에멀미, 심박수, 균형의변화를재측정하였다. 2.3 평가도구및평가방법 (1) 균형능력 VR 체험전후의동적균형능력의변화를측정하기위

3 완전몰입형가상현실로인한사이버멀미가동적균형에미치는영향 133 해서바이오레스큐의안정성한계검사를사용하였다. 안정성한계검사는동적자세조절능력을확인하기위해적합하며안정성한계값이클수록동적균형능력이좋다고할수있다 [16]. 안정성한계검사는장치의감압플랫폼측정판에표시된부분에대상자의양발을위치시키고모니터위치를눈높이에맞춰자연스럽게정면을바라보는기립자세를취하게한후에모니터의지시에따라 8가지방향으로무릎과허리를굽히지않는상태에서지면에서발바닥을때지않고체중을최대한이동하여중심에서의이동거리에대한한계값을획득하는측정방법이다. 감압플랫폼은 mm의판에중앙을중심으로 mm에 1cm2당 1개씩총1,600개의압력센서가선자세나동작시발의정적동적인압력을측정한다. 모든센서는각각독립적으로측정되며측정압력의범위는1 100N/ cm2이다. (2) 멀미멀미증상을측정하기위해주관적인측정방법을이용하였다 [17]. 선행논문의설문지는멀미증상의정도에따라 1-5점으로매겨지며, 결과에서자극의강도가강할수록피실험자가느낀멀미증상의점수가상승하였으므로본실험에서사용한멀미설문지는멀미를측정하기에타당하다고사료된다. VR사용전과후에느껴지는멀미증상에대해표의 5 가지증상중본인에게해당되는증상에점수를매겼다. 각점수에대한평가는 Table 1과같다. Table 1. Motion Sickness Scale Symptom score Serverely feel nausea 5 Slightly feel nausea 4 Dizziness 3 Slightly feeling 2 No feeling 1 (3) 심박수심박수의변화는자율신경계인교감신경과부교감신경에의해조절되어심박수증가및감소가되어진다는연구와멀미가유발되는것이자율신경중교감신경의흥분과밀접한관련이있다는보고를보았을때멀미와교감신경의흥분이관련이있다는것을알수있고, 교감신경의흥분된다는것은심박수를증가시키는것과관 계가있으므로이는심박수의증가가멀미와상관관계가있다는것을알수있다 [18-20]. 따라서멀미의정도를알아보기위하여간접적으로심박수를측정하였다. VR 착용전과후의대상자의심박수변화를측정하기위해 Pulse Oximeter를이용하였다. (1) 대상자의호흡이안정된때에왼손의검지에 Pulse Oximeter를부착시켜기기의모니터가손가락의손등쪽으로오도록한후측정하였다 [21]. Pulse Oximeter는 LED와포토다이오드를이용하여서손가락이나귓불같은신체의말단부분에서맥박신호를얻고그신호를이용하여심박수를구한다. 심박수는맥박신호의 Pulse간의간격을이용하여구할수있다 [22]. 2.4 실험도구가상현실체험을위한도구로삼성기어 VR을이용하였다. 삼성기어 VR은 mm의크기이며무게는 345g이다. 삼성기어 VR에스마트폰을 usb단자로연결하여사용한다. 사용한스마트폰은삼성갤럭시 S6와 S7 엣지를사용하였다. 갤럭시 S6의무게는 138g이며 S7 엣지의무게는 157g이다. 폰을 VR기기에연결하여화면부위에꽂은뒤삼성기어 VR을머리에쓰고끈으로머리크기에맞게조절한다. 그리고기기윗편의렌즈초점조절휠을이용하여초점을맞춘다. 이후화면을보며기기의오른편에있는버튼으로기기를조작한다. 2.5 실험방법완전몰입형가상현실을체험하기전동적균형능력을측정하기위해대상자에게바이오레스큐측정방법에대해구두설명및한번의측정연습을통해숙지시킨후본측정을하였다. 본측정과함께멀미지수와심박수도같이측정하였다. 그후점프, 장벽피하기, 아이템먹기, 장애물피하기로구성된 To the homeland( 제조사 : Mixreality, 장르 : 액션, 캐주얼, 출시 : ) 라는가상현실게임을 20분간실시하게되는데, 체험전게임방법을구두로설명하여숙지시켰고대상자가충분히완전몰입을할수있도록주위환경을만들어주었다. 마지막으로완전몰입형가상현실을체험하고난뒤동적균형, 멀미지수그리고심박수를재측정하였다. 동적균형능력을측정하기위한안정성한계검사는선자세에서전방의모니터에서지시하는방향으로체중

4 134 융합정보논문지제 8 권제 1 호 이동시중심점에서의거리를측정한다. 측정자는모니터와 50cm떨어진곳에서양팔은체간에붙이고양다리는 30 외회전과양쪽뒤꿈치를 3cm간격을두고선상태로정면을응시한다. 그리고제시되는방향에대해 Fig. 1과같이체중이동시양쪽발바닥이판에닿아있도록하였고일부가떨어지는것을허용하지않았다. 와재미를느낄수있도록해주는과제들을포함하였다. 또한 Fig. 2와같이다양한방향으로체중이동을요구하고속도의다양성으로인해발생하는사이버멀미에대한동적균형의변화를알아보기위한수행과제가되는것이다. 3. 실험결과 3.1 연구대상자의일반적특성연구에참여한전체대상자의일반적특성은다음과같다. 실험군은남자 16명, 여자 23명이며, 남자평균연령은 23.37±2.02세, 여자평균연령은 22.17±0.82세이고남자평균신장은 ±2.96cm, 여자평균신장은 ±1.40cm이다. 남자평균몸무게는 74.31±0.32kg이고여자평균몸무게는 52.52±0.13kg이다. 그리고평상시멀미를호소하지않는일반정상인들대상으로실험을실시하였다. Fig. 1. Stability of limit test 3.2 VR 적용전, 후동적균형의변화 Table 2와같이왼쪽이동범위는 VR 적용전 mm2, VR 적용후 mm2으로약간의감소를보였으나통계적으로유의한차이가나타나지않았다 (p>.05). 오른쪽이동범위는 VR 적용전 mm2, VR 적용후 mm2으로약간의감소를보였으나통계적으로유의한차이가나타나지않았다 (p>.05). 앞쪽이동범위는 VR 적용전 mm2, VR 적용후 mm2으로약간의감소를보였으나통계적으로유의한차이가나타나지않았다 (p>.05). 뒤쪽이동범위는 VR 적용전 mm2, VR 적용후 mm2으로약간의감소를보였으나통계적으로유의한차이가나타나지않았다 (p>.05). 전체이동범위는 VR 적용전 mm2, VR 적용후 mm2으로약간의감소를보였으나통계적으로유의한차이가나타나지않았다 (p>.05) Fig. 2. Playing To the homeland 실험에사용된 To the homeland 게임은단계가높아짐에따라점점속도가빨라지거나느려지게되어있다. 이러한과제수행에환자가능동적으로참여하고, 흥미 3.3 VR 적용전, 후멀미의변화 Table 3과같이 VR적용전멀미에대한멀미지수는 1점, VR적용후멀미에대한멀미지수는 2.64±1.01점으로증가하였으며통계적으로유의한차이가나타났다 (p<.05).

5 완전몰입형가상현실로인한사이버멀미가동적균형에미치는영향 135 Table 2. Comparison of Dynamic balance ability according to playing of Virtual reality (Unit : mm2 ) Pre-test Post-test P Left ±2228.8ª ± Right ± ± Anterior ± ± Posterior ± ± Tatal ± ± ªmean±SD, *p<.05 Table 3. Comparison of Motion Sickness according to playing of Virtual reality (Unit : score) Motion Sickness ªmean±SD, *p<.05 Pre-test Post-test P ±1.01ª.00* 3.4 VR 적용전, 후심박수의변화 Table 4와같이측정전심박수는 90.48±13.42회 / 분, 측정후심박수는 96.46±16.23회 / 분으로증가하였으며통계학적으로유의한차이가나타났다 (p<.05). Table 4. Comparison of Heart rate according to playing of Virtual reality (Unit : number/min) Pre-test Post-test P HR 90.48±13.42ª 96.46± * ªmean±SD, *p< 고찰 균형은일상생활에서활동하는데에필수적이며, 신체를안정된평형상태로유지시기위한능력으로신체의균형을조절하는능력은서있거나앉은자세, 수의적인움직임또는외부로부터가해지는힘에대해서자신의신체중심 (Center of Gravity, COG) 을기저면 (Base of Support, BOS) 위에서최소의자세동요 (postural sway) 하에유지시키려는능력을말한다 [23-24]. 이러한균형은시각감각과정전감각과그리고고유수용성감각의상호작용으로유지할수있지만완전몰 입협가상현실은이중에시각감각과정전감각의괴리로인해균형의변화가발생되어진다. 김윤정은하드웨어적인요소뿐아니라컷편집, 화면의이동과회전도사이버멀미유발의요인으로연구되었다고하며이외에체험시간, VR display 유형, 신체의움직임정도, 가상환경화면의움직임의양, display lag 현상등이사이버멀미를유발시키는요인으로연구되었다 [25,26]. 이로인해완전몰입형가상현실은출시되어졌으나기술의불완전함으로인해멀미가발생하는것은불가피한사실이다. 사이버멀미는인체의균형과함께생리학적영향및완전몰입형가상현실체험에대한영향을미친다. HMD(Head Mounted Display) 기반의가상현실프로그램을 1시간동안사용할경우시각적피로와함께눈의초점이흐려지고착용시간이지속될경우가상환경에대한반응이저하된다는결과가나타났다. 또한가상현실을체험하고난직후현실세계에적응하는것또한쉽지가않아균형이상으로비틀거림이나타났다. 이러한증상외에메스꺼움, 구토, 방향감각이상이나타났으며실험하는약한달기간동안위장장애및소화불량으로생리학적인문제를가져왔다 [27]. Ajoy는장시간 VR을체험하는것은멀미증상및불쾌감을유발시켜체험시간을감소시킨다고한다 [13]. 위의사례들로보았을때장시간으로완전몰입형가상현실을장시간체험하였을때나타나는증상들은확연히나타나지만본연구에서와같이단시간에사이버멀미가균형에문제를일으키는지연구한사례는거의찾아보기힘들었다. 이에본연구에서는균형감각에문제가없는정상인대상으로완전몰입형가상현실프로그램중에서몰입도가높은 1인칭시점의 To the homeland 컨텐츠를사용하여사이버멀미를유발시키고이에대해동적균형의변화에대해알아보고자실시하였고, 완전몰입형가상현실중재전, 후에따른멀미, 심박수, 동적균형의안정성한계를살펴본결과간접적으로심박수의증가로인해멀미에영향을미친것을알수있었고 (p<0.05) 직접적으로설문지를통하여멀미가증가하였다 (p<0.05). 그러나멀미가유발되나동적균형의변화에는유의한차이가없었다 (p>.05). 이러한결과는정상인이완전몰입형가상현실을사용하였을때사이버멀미는유발되어지나동적균형에는다소영향을미치지못하였다. 그렇기때문에사이버멀미로인하여균형의변화로낙상이유발

6 136 융합정보논문지제 8 권제 1 호 되지않을것이라사료된다. 치료의목적으로사용하기에는아직까지는기술적측면에서는한계점이있다. 그러나사이버멀미를감소시키는다양한방법이제시되고있다. 가상현실에대한체험시간과사이버멀미의정도는선형으로비례한다 [28]. 그렇기때문에콘텐츠의적절한체험시간과휴식시간을가지는것이가장좋은방법이다. 2015년영국의 Qadeer Arshad 는두피를통해뇌에가벼운전기신호를보내어결과적으로뇌를둔화시켜멀미를완화시키는방법을제안하였다 [29]. 플레이속도또한변수로작용할수있다. 가상현실환경에서속도가증가됨에따라사이버멀미가심해지기때문에가상현실화면의회전속도나가상현실환경에서의이동속도등을적절하게조절하면사이버멀미를경감시킬수있다 [30]. 이외에도현실의시야각도와가상현실환경의시야각도의차이로사이버멀미가유발되므로현실과유사한시야각도로현실성을높이는방법도제시되고있다 [31]. 5. 결론본연구는시각과전정감각에이상이없는 20대일반인들대상으로완전몰입형가상현실을체험하여발생된사이버멀미가동적균형능력에미치는영향을알아보고자시행하였다. 본실험과같이짧은시간으로적용하였을때사이버멀미가유발되었고통계학적으로유의한차이가나타났지만실질적으로어지럼증을유발할정도는아니었다. 그리고동적균형능력에도통계학적으로유의한변화가나타나지않았다. 따라서건강한일반인을대상으로완전몰입형가상현실을짧은시간으로적용하였을시균형문제로인한낙상의우려가없는것으로생각된다. 그러나앞으로균형의문제가있는환자들을대상으로완전몰입형가상현실이치료에대한타당성을입증하기위해서는질환별로다양한체험시간, 컨텐츠, 휴식시간등을고려한연구가진행되어져야할것으로사료된다. REFERENCES [1] A. Rizzo, J. G. Buckwalter. (1997). Virtual reality and assessment and cognitive rehabilitation. Stru Health Technol Inform, 44, [2] P. L. Weiss, D. Rand & R. Kizony. (2004). Video capture virtual reality as a flexible and effective rehabilitation tool. Journal Neuro eng Rehabilitation, 1(1), 12. [3] J. W. Yi, M. Yu & T. K. Kwon. (2012). Effects of Game-based Visual Feedback Training on Postural Balance Control. Journal of the korea contents association, 12(3), [4] J. M. Lee, D. H. Kim & S. I. Song. (2012). The Effects of Virtual Reality Program on Fall Efficacy and Activities of Daily Living for Patients with Stroke. The Journal of Korean Society of Community Based Occupational Therapy, 11(2), [5] E. A. Keshner, R. V. Kenyon & Y. Dhaher. (2004). Postural research and rehabilitation in an immersive virtual environment. Conf Proc I E EEEng Med BiolSoc, 7, [6] C. G. Horlings, M. G. Carpenter & J. H. Allum. (2009). Influence of virtual reality on postural stability during movements of quiet stance. Neurosci Lett, 451(3), [7] A. Shumway-Cook, S. Brauer & M. Woollacott. (2009). Predicting the probability for falls in community-dwelling older adults using the Timed Up & Go Test. PhysTher, 80(9), [8] H. K. Jeong, S. K. Lee & J. H. Heo. (2005). The usefulness of fractional anisotropy maps in localization of lacunar infarctions in striatum, Internal capsule and thalamus. Neuroradiology, 47(4), [9] R. P. Van Peppen, M. Kortsmit & G. Kwakkel. (2006). Effects of visual feedback therapy on postural control in bilateral standing after stroke:a system aticreview. JRehabilMed, 38(1), 3-9. [10] E. A. Keshner, R. V. Kenyon. (2009). Postural and spatial orientation driven by virtua lreality. Stud Health TechnolInform, 145, [11] I. J. Kim. (2016). Virtual reality technology trend. Broadcasting and Media Magazine, 21(2), [12] M. E. McCauley, T. J. Sharkey. (1992). Cyber sickness : perception of self-motion in virtual environments. Presence, 1(3), [13] S. F. Ajoy, K. F. Steven. (2016). Combating VR Sickness through Subtle Dynamic Field-Of-View Modification IEEE Symposium on 3D User Interfaces. (pp ). USA : IEEE. [14] J. T. Reason, J. J. Brand. (1975). Motion Sickness. London : Academic Press, p [15] M. O. Gu, M. Y. Jeon & Y. Eun. (2006). The

7 완전몰입형가상현실로인한사이버멀미가동적균형에미치는영향 137 development and effect of an tailored falls prevention exercise for older adults. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 36(2), [16] J. U. Kim, M. C. Park & H. J. Won. (2013). Effect on Body Balance due to Occlusal Biteplane Splint. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 13(4), [17] J. T. Lee. (2011). A Study on image processing schemes for reducing visually induced simulation sickness on stereoscopic video. Master s thesis. Graduate School of Kwangwoon University, Kwangwoon. [18] A. C. Guyton & J. E. Hall. (1996). Textbook of medical physiology 9th Edition.. Philadelphia : WB Saunders. [19] K. E. Money, J. R. Lackner & S. K. Cheung. (1996). The autonomic nervous system and motion sickness. In : Vestibular autonomic regulation, edited by Yates BJ & Miller AD. 1st ed. New York : CRC Press. [20] J. Y. Kim, H. S. Kim & N. G. Kim. (2000). A Study of Human Factor induced by Exposure to Virtual Environment. Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility, [21] D. H. Moon, K. H. Kim & S. K. Lee. (2015). Effects of Deep Breathing with Incentive Spirometer on Pulmonary Function and O2 Saturation by Time Process in Patients with Rib Fracture. The Journal of the Korea Contents Association, 15(3), [22] D. J. Choi, S. J. Kang. (2016). Software Architecture of a Wearable Device to Measure User's Vital Signal Depending on the Behavior Recognition. The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences. 41(3), [23] J. C. Gillette, C. A. Stevermer & J. J. Abbas. (2008). Alternative foot placements for individuals with spinal cord injuries standing with the assistance of functional neuromuscular stimulation. Gait Posture, 27(2), [24] M. Y. Liaw, C. L. Chen & Y. C. Lau (2009). Comparison of the static and dynamic balance performance in young, middle-aged, and elderly healthy people. Chang Gung Medical Journal, 32(3), [25] Y. J. Kim. (2016). A Study on Dramaturgy for Reducing Motion Sickness Inducer of VR Contents. The Korean Journal of animation, 12(2), [26] W. T. Lo & R. H. So. (2001). Cybersickness in the presence of scene rotational movements along different axes. Applied Ergonomics, 32, [27] C. M. Lee & J. H. Jeong. (2000). The study on an Using Effect of Head Mounted Display to the Body in Virtual Environments. Korea multimedia society, 3(4), [28] R. S. Kennedy, K. M. Stanney & W. P. Dunlap (2000). Duration and exposure to virtual environments : sickness curves during and across sessions. Presence : Teleoperators and virtual environments. 9(5), [29] Q. Arshad, Cerchiai N & Bronstein AM. (2015). Electrocortical therapy for motion sickness. Neurology, 85(14), [30] K. S. Park, J. A. Choi & S. S. Kim. (2005). Relationship between Scene Movements and Cybersickness. Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea, 24(1), 1-7. [31] A. F. Seay, D. M. Krum & W. Ribarsky. (2001). Simulator sickness and presence in a high FOV virtual environment. In Virtual Reality 2001 Proceedings IEEE. (pp ). USA : IEEE. 김나은 (Kim, Na Un) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교물 리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, 스포츠 knu0228@naver.com 김유림 (Kim, Yu Lim) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교물 리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, 병원 alsghks0723@naver.com 문상철 (Moon, Sang Cheol) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교 물리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, 도수치 료 tkdcjf1057@naver.com

8 138 융합정보논문지제 8 권제 1 호 이동훈 (Lee, Dong Hun) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교물리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, 신경계치료 dhlee930526@naver.com 임호정 (Lim, Ho Jeong) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교물리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, IT 기술 gla263@naver.com 장은경 (Jang, Eun Kyung) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교물리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, 신경계치료 wldms950530@naver.com 홍지은 (Hong, Ji Eun) [ 정회원 ] 2018년 2월 : 부산가톨릭대학교물리치료학과 ( 학사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 융합, 심폐물리치료 a5587@naver.com 강종호 (Kang, Jong Ho) [ 정회원 ] 2000년 2월 : 한국방송통신대학교보건학과 ( 학사 ) 2005년 2월 : 대구대학교물리치료전공 ( 석사 ) 2008년 2월 : 대구대학교물리치료전공 ( 박사 ) 관심분야 : 물리치료, 스포츠, 중소기업, 융합 swithun@cup.ac.kr

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