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1 = Abstract = Co rre latio n of Fit Fa cto rs fo r Re s p irato rs a nd Anthro po met ric Dime ns io n Do n- Hee Ha n D ep t. of Occup ational S af ety and H ealth, Colleg e of H ealth S ciences, I nj e Univ ers ity In many dev eloped countries, for ex ample, USA, respirator fit testin g is required b efore entering specific w ork environment to en sure that th e respirator w orn satisfies a minimum of fit and that the u ser kn ow s w hen the respirator fit s properly. Unfortun at ely becau se w e hav e not fit t est r egulation in Korea, a lot of w orker s w earin g respirators m ay be potentially ex posed to hazards. T his study w as conducted t o ev aluate th e fittin g perform ance for r espirator s an d corr elation fit factor s w ith facial dimen sion s of w earer s. 110 subject s (70 m ales, 40 fem ales ) w ere fit tested for three qu arter m ask s, i.e., tw o domestic- m ade M ask Z, and Y and one foreign - m ade M ask T u sin g PortaCount A facial dimen sion surv ey of the sam e subject s w as conducted to dev elop a facial dimen sion grids for correlation fit factor s w ith facial dim en sion param eter s. A facial dim en sion grid w a s dev eloped on th e b asis of face len gth an d lip len gth for qu arter m ask s. T he results obtained w ere as follow s : 1. Fit factor s of M ask T w ere much higher than those of M ask s Z, and Y. 2. M ales w ere fitted m ore properly than females. 3. M ale in box "f" of grid w ould be adequately fitted M ask Y and m ale in box "b ", "e", "f", "h " of grid w ould be sufficiently fitt ed M ask T. F em ale in box "h " of grid

2 m ay hav e a good fitting perform an ce for both M a sk Y, an d T. But subject s in all b ox es of grid w ould b e in adequ ately fitted M a sk Z. Key wo rds : Respirator, F it test, F it factor, Anthropom etric dim en sion, F acial dim en sion * I (Kolesar, 1982) : (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) (face seal leakage ). (Fit T est ) 1 1 (NIOSH, 1987; Canadian Stan dards A ssociation, 1993; Stan dards Au stralia an d Standards N ew Zealand, 1994).,, (QLFT (QNF T : Qu alitativ e Fit T est ) : Qu antitativ e Fit T est ). QNFT (FF : F it F actor ). (ratio; Co/ Ci). (A IHA, 1997).,,,, EC T IL (T otal In w ard Leakag e) (European Stan dards, 1989).

3 .., (, 1995;, 1997).. test pan elist QNF T (Hack, 1974). T est pan el (face length ) (face w idth ) 1/ 4 (lip length,, lip w idth ). test pan el test pan el grid. grid. II. 1. 1/ 4 (Qu arter ) Z ( ; SK - 6 ), Y ( ; 102S ) T ( ; 7500 ) , 40, )

4 T SI PortaCount m odel 8020 IBM PC. OSHA ct ( ) (OSHA regulation, 1994) HEPA. PortaCount (Han, 1997) / cc PortaCount (T SI ). 2) (exe rcise regime) (Crosby, 1995). (fit ch eck ) test ex ercise regim e.. 5. (Norm al Breathing 1; NB1), (Deep Breathin g ; DB ), (H ead M ov em ent ; HM ), (Reading or T alking ; RT ), (Jog ging ; J ), (Norm al Breathin g 2; NB2) grid 1) 1 12 Anthropology Research Project, In c.(yellow Sprin g s, OH 45387). sliding caliper (Siber H egner : No. 104), spreading caliper (Siber H egner : No. 106) 2) grid

5 test pan el test panel grid. 1/ box (H ack, 1974). A. Biectoo rbita le Brea dth G. Biocula r Brea dth B. Bizygomatic Breadth (Face Width) H. Nasa l Root Breadth C. Bigonial Breadth I. Nose Width D. Me nton- Nasa l Root Le ngth (Face Le ngth) E. Me nton- Subnasa le Le ngth (Lowe r Face Le ngth) F. Subna sa le- Nasa l Root Le ngth ( Nose Le ngth) J. Lip Le ngth(width) K. Bitragion- Me nton Arc L. Bitragion- Subnasa le Arc Figure 1. Definitions of facial dimension 4. (lognormal probability ) plotting (A CGIH, 1995). (GM ) (GSD ) (M edian ), (M ax.) (Min.). log 10 z.

6 III. 1. 1) Bra nd (OSHA regulation ; 29 CFR , 1998) QNFT 100, 500 pass 1/ 4. AN SI(AN SI Z ) (APF ; A s sign ed Protection F actor ) 10 1/ 4 APF 10 ANSI 1/ Bran d T Z, Y (P < )., Z 47 Table 1. Distribution of fit factors in accordance with brands and sex Bran d No. of Subject s Z 110 Y 110 T 110 a GM : Geometric mean Statistical Values GM a GSD b M edian Minimum M ax imum GM a GSD b M edian Minimum M ax imum GM a GSD b M edian Minimum M ax imum M ale F em ale T otal ,400 13,800 3,640 2, , , , , , ,000 b GSD : Geometric standard deviation

7 A NSI 100. T 1,217.,..,. T 1, 2., 1.. (P < 0.001). Oesten stad (1990)... 2) Pass Fa il, Pass, F ail., (29 CFR ) 500, 1/ Pa ss (OSHA regulation, 1998), ANSI 1,000, 1/ P ass (AN SI, 1992). 2, Pas s/ F ail. T % Pas s Z 30.9%, Y 56.4% Pas s T

8 . T 58.2% 1,000, Z 70% 100. T 22.7%. Table 2. Distribution of subjects who have passed or failed fit tests and ranges of fit factors Bran d No. of Subject s Rang e of Fit F actor s F ail Pass T otal ,000 T otal Z Y T (13.6) 17 (15.5) 6 (5.5) 61(55.5) 76 (69.1) 31(28.2) 48 (43.6) 19 (17.3) 25 (22.7) 34(30.9) 16(14.5) 18(16.4) - 7(6.4) 3(2.7) - 34 (30.9) 39 (35.5) 62(56.4) 64 (58.2) 85 (77.3) 2. 1) grid test panel. T est panel 20 (H ack, 1994). test panel. test panel test panel grid. T est panel param eter (H ack, 1974). 2 grid grid box. 25 test panel. b ox e, 116.5

9 125.5mm, mm h, g. e 41.4% h, f, b. g, mm, mm 45.0%..,. 2) 3 grid. Grid box box., Z mm mm box e 78 77, 111. b ox.., Z box a box 100. Z. Y 10% box b, e, f, h., 14.3% b ox f ( mm, mm ) 1,000 Y. Box b, e, f, h box a, c, d, g, i, j. T 10% box b, e, f, h 1,000., 41.4% box e ( mm, mm ) 5,263 (P < 0.05), T.

10 10% b ox g, h, j Z box Y box h. T box g, h, j., 25.0% box h ( mm, mm ) box g, j 904 (P < 0.01), T. IV. 1/ 4 Z, Y, T 110 ( 70, 40 ). grid box. Z, Y T. (F it T est ). Y box f, T box b, e, f, h Y, T box h. Z b ox.., ;34 (4): ,,. Saccharin QLF T CNC QLF T. 1997;7 (1): A m erican Indu strial Hy gien e A ssociation (AIHA ). T he Occupational env ir onm ent - It s

11 ev aluation and control. AIHA Pres s, 1997, pp A merican Conference of Gov ernmental Indu strial Hy gienist s (A CGIH ). Air samplin g in strum ents for ev alu ation of atm ospheric contaminant s. A CGIH, 1995, pp A merican N ational Stan dards In stitute (AN SI). Am erican N ation al Stan dard for Respir at ory Pr otection (A NSI Z ). N ew York, 1992 Canadian Standards A ssociation. Z : Selection, u se, and care of respirator s. Rex dale, Ontario, Can ada, 1993 Crosby DW. Quantitativ e respirator fit testin g - W hich technology to u se? (A New s Letter : Respiratory Protection Update. 6(1) Jeffer son, M arylan d, Respirator Support Services, European Standards. EN 136 an d 140 Respiratory Protectiv e Devices : F ull- face m ask s, h alf- m ask s, qu arter - m ask s ; requirem ent s, testin g, m arkin g. Bru ssels, Belgium : European Committee for Stan dardization, 1989 H ack A, Hy att EC, H eld BJ, M oore T O, Richards CP, M cconv ille T J. Selection of respirator test panels representativ e of U.S. adult facial sizes. Los Alam os S cientific Labor atory of the Univ er sity of California, New M exico 87544, M arch 1974 H an, Don - H ee, W illeke K, Colton CE. Quantitativ e fit testin g techniqu es an d regulation s for tight - fitting respirator s : Current m eth ods m easurin g aerosol or air leakag e, and new dev elopm ent s. Am In d Hy g A s soc J 1997;58 (3): Kolesar ES, Cosgrov e DJ, De La Barre CM, T heis CF. Comparison of respirator protection factor s m easured by tw o quantitativ e fit test m ethods. Aviation, Space, an d Environm ental M edicin e, N ov emb er, 1982, N ational In stitut e for Occupational S afety and H ealth. Guide t o in du strial respiratory protection (DHH S/ NIOSH Pub. N o ), W ashin gton, D.C.., Governm ent Printing Office, 1987, pp Oest en stad RK, Dillion HK, P erkin LL. Distribution of faceseal leak sit es on a half- m ask respirator and their as sociation w ith facial dim en sion s. A m Ind Hy g A ssoc J 1990;51(5): OSHA regulation. CFR (Code of F ederal Regulation s ) - "A sbestos" T itle 29, Part , 1994 OSHA regulation. CFR (Code of F ederal Regulation s ) - "Respiratory Protection " T itle 29, Part , 1998

12 Stan dards A u stralia an d Stan dards New Zealan d. A S/ NZS 1715, 1716, Respir at ory pr otectiv e devices, selection, u se and m aintenance of respiratory protectiv e devices. Hom ebu sh, NSW 2140 Au str alia, 1994

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a16.PDF ,,,, A B S T RA CT A S t u dy on S erv ic e Ch ara ct eri s t ic s of D ire c t ors of H e alt h Cen t ers in K ore a T his stu dy h as attempted to show general characteristics of health centre director