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1 Advanced Internet 미래인터넷 (Future Internet) overview 최양희서울대학교컴퓨터공학부, Future Internet Forum

2 Course Outlines Mon., Wed. 13:00- Student seminars Invited lectures Mid-term exam, Final Presentations will be evaluated by peers Future Internet only TA : dhchang@mmlab 2

3 Overview : Contents 인터넷의현재와미래 미래인터넷연구주제 3

4 Part I 인터넷의현재와현재와미래

5 인터넷역사 1961 : Kleinrock : Packet switching 1969 : first ARPANET connection UCLA, SRI, UCSB, Utah 1983 : TCP/IP 1984 : Domain Name System 1988 : Morris : Worm, and CERT 1989 : number of hosts exceeds 100, : Al Gore : High Performance Computing Act 1991 : Tim Berners-Lee : WWW 1993 : Andreessen : Mosaic 5

6 인터넷등장등장배경 미국방성의요구 : 많은통신시설이파괴되더라도계속살아남는통신네트워크를고안할것. 다양한통신기술을활용할수있을것 과학기술계의결론 패킷 (packet) 방식의통신네트워크 연결을만들지않음 전체의 70% 이상이파괴되어도계속생존하여통신기능유지함 6

7 인터넷프로토콜 application transport network link physical 7

8 인터넷 : network of networks 계층적구조 NBP(National/internation al backbone provider) Local/regional ISP (Internet service provider) NBP B NBP A local ISP regional ISP regional ISP local ISP 8

9 한국의인터넷발전 유선가입자 : 23 million (Nov. 2006) Cellular : 40 million Wireless Internet : 38.8 M IPv4 addresses : 48.8 M.kr domains : 704 K High speed Internet subscribers : 14 M xdsl 39.7% cable modem 36.9% apartment LAN 22.6% FTTH 0.8% 9

10 인터넷의역할 인터넷은현재정보통신뿐아니라국가 critical infrastructure 로발전하고있음 전자정부 교통통제, 에너지통제 금융, e-business 교육, 의료, 환경 생산, 프로세스제어 각종서비스산업 10

11 인터넷의한계 새로운혁신적인응용을지원하기에현재의인터넷은부적합함 실시간응용 센서네트워크등 새로운혁신적인네트워크기술을적용하려면인터넷의개조가필요함 Optical technology Cognitive radio Heterogeneous networks Opportunistic networking 11

12 인터넷의문제점 Scalability Context-Awareness Ubiquity Manageability Future Internet Security /Robustness Heterogeneous Reconfigurability Mobility 12

13 인터넷문제점의예 Scalability 문제 Bandwidth scalability From few bps to few Tbytes/sec Distance scalability From few centimeters to millions of Kilometers Number of nodes From few nodes to billions of nodes Manageability 문제 Availability Current Internet << telephone networks Troubleshooting : packet loss, delay, disconnected nodes, attacks etc. Current IP technology : difficult Operation : vulnerable to human errors Measurement : complex 13

14 인터넷의문제점의예 (2) Context-awareness 문제 Contexts Location, past history, user preferences etc. Context-aware (service, network) architecture : not supported by the current Internet 새로운기술의등장 Optical Technology Packet switching Dynamic Circuit Switching Cognitive Radio Redefine the access Maybe redefine the core network 14

15 인터넷환경의변화 현재의인터넷 10 억대의호스트 하나의네트워크로여러서비스를감당 안정된네트워크서비스부재 네트워크보안은선택사항 단순한비즈니스모델 제한된지능형서비스 미래 (10-20 년후 ) 인터넷 1000 억대의 nodes 사용자가여러네트워크를자유롭게사용하는환경 응용에맞춘 dynamic network service composition Robust, reliable network 보안은네트워크기본기능 다양한비즈니스모델 고도의지능형서비스가능 15

16 인터넷문제해결방식 중단기적해결 (evolutionary approach) IETF tried and proposed many solutions IPv6, BGP4, IPsec, Mobile IP etc. ITU-T NGN Next Generation Internet ( 차세대인터넷 ) 장기적이고근본적해결 (revolutionary approach) 인터넷의재설계 재건축, not 리모델링 Future Internet ( 미래인터넷 ) 16

17 새로운접근 - 미래인터넷 새로운네트워크패러다임 새로운네트워크아키텍처 새로운프로토콜채택 기존의방식과 compatible 하지않을수있음 17

18 미래인터넷의모습 대규모 ( 천억개이상 ) node 수용 다양한응용서비스제공 응용에맞춘적응형지능형네트워크 완벽하게관리되고안전한네트워크 스스로진단하고고치는네트워크 새로운정보기술의적용으로고성능, 저가격실현 현재와매우다른비지니스모델 18

19 연구프로그램주관프로그램명칭 미국 미국과학재단 (NSF) NeTS (Networking Technology and Systems) FIND (Future Internet Design) 미래인터넷연구개발현황 유럽 유럽연합 FP7 (Framework Programme 7) ICT ( 정보통신 ) 프로그램내 Network of the Future ( 미래네트워크 ) 일본 정보통신연구기구 (NICT) 신세대네트워크연구센터등 New Generation Network ( 신세대네트워크 ) 등 예산연구주제연구기간연구수행기관시험망 (Testbed) 추진체계 총 4 천만 $/ 년 (NeTS) 참여교수당 5-50 만 $/ 년지원 매년 개공모 2006 년 계속 주제당 3-5 년연구 미국대학, 일부기업 GENI (7 억 $ 별도투자 ) Program Director 주관으로공모 / 선정 19 총 90 억유로 /7 년 (ICT) 총 2 억유로 /7 년 ( 미래인터넷 ) 갯수미정 ( 심사중 ) 주제당 7 년연구 유럽산업, 대학, 연구기관 OneLab 등선정중 (4 천만유로 ) Program Director 주관으로공모 / 선정 NICT 전체예산 540 억 Yen/ 년 신세대네트워크 : 예산규모파악중 네트워크연구중심 계속 NICT, 동경대, 게이오대등 JGN 2, SINET 등 참고 : 일본은세계수준의미래인터넷연구센터설립추진중 (CoE)

Recognize the importance of nontechnical considerations Consider the economic landscape. Consider the social context.

20 미국미래인터넷 NSF FIND 프로그램 Security and robustness. As available as the phone system Been trying for 15 years--try differently? Easier to manage. Really hard intellectual problem No framework in original design. Recognize the importance of nontechnical considerations Consider the economic landscape. Consider the social context. Support new applications. Perhaps rethink relationship between network and application. Interconnect the computers of 10 years out. Sensors, embedded computers, etc. Take advantage of new network technology 10 years out. Source : NSF 20

21 GENI : 미국미래인터넷테스트베드 7 억불규모투자예정 전세계대상 Virtualization 으로다양한실험 GENI Project Office : BBN 유럽, 일본, 중국참여예정 21

22 GENI 일정 22

23 유럽의미래인터넷 FP7-ICT The Network of the Future (200MEuro) : 심사중 Network Paradigm and Experimental Facilities (40MEuro) : 공모예정 GEANT 2 관련 : e-infrastructure 사업으로수행중 23

24 FP7 : ICT 24

The Network of the Future : Objectives Ubiquitous Network Infrastructures and Architectures Convergence and interoperability of heterogeneous network technologies Flexible and spectrum-efficient

25 The Network of the Future : Objectives Ubiquitous Network Infrastructures and Architectures Convergence and interoperability of heterogeneous network technologies Flexible and spectrum-efficient radio access High-speed end-to-end connectivity with optimised protocols and routing Context awareness Support of trillions of connected devices Optimised Control, Management and Flexibility of the future network Infrastructure Seamless end-to-end network and service composition and operation across multiple access technologies, operators and business domains Reconfigurability, self-organisation and -management Management in real-time of new forms of ad-hoc communications with intermittent connectivity requirements and timevarying network topology Technologies and system architectures for the Future Internet Overcoming the expected long-term limitations of current Internet technology Scalability from a device, service attributes and application environments perspective Security and trusted domains New forms of routing and content delivery in a generalised mobile and wireless environment Source : EU IST 25

26 FP7 : New Paradigms and Experimental Facilities Advanced networking approaches to architectures and protocols, designed to cope with increased scale, complexity, mobility and requirements for security, resilience and transparency of the Future Internet coupled with their validation in large scale testing environments based on a combination of physical and 'virtual' infrastructures. Interconnected testbeds addressing novel distributed and reconfigurable protocol architectures; novel distributed service architectures, infrastructures and software platforms; and advanced embedded or overlay security, trust and identity management architectures and technologies. Testbeds for systems that provide trusted access to e-services with users requiring no administration and security skills. 유럽네트워크테스트베드 OneLab (Serge Fdida) 미국의 GENI 에대응하는개발 Wireless access 강조 Planetlab 기반 EuroFGI Design and Engineering of the Future Generation Internet - Towards convergent multiservice networks Funded by the European Union (EU), 6th Framework December 1, May 31, 2008 Source : EU IST 26

27 일본의미래인터넷 : New Generation Network NXGN (Next Generation Network) The fundamental structure of IP networking is maintained and the Quadruple-play services are to be provided. NWGN(New Generation Network) Network architectures and service conditions are different from IP networks, and it may be a new paradigm. NICT 연구소주도 CoE 설립추진중미래인터넷포럼설립예정 27 Source : NICT

28 일본테스트베드 JGN 2 (Japan Gigabit Network 2) 미국과 10Gbps 연결 일본모든지역접속 Optical 장비사용 NICT 주관 IPv4/IPv6 지원 28

29 중국테스트베드 CERNET 개대학 2천만명사용 세계최대 IPv6 네트워크 PlanetLab + IPv6 Source : Cernet 29

30 한국의미래인터넷 연구개발 정보통신부 (MIC) 주도 BcN 이후의주요연구사업으로미래인터넷이부각됨 Source : MIC 30

31 국내 R&D project 미래인터넷핵심기술연구 (Fundamental Technologies for Future Internet) ( 신성장동력연구사업 : 원천기술연구 ) (3 년간 ) 연구기관 주관 : 서울대학교 공동 / 참여 : 충남대, KAIST, ICU, 광주과기원, 포항공대, 고려대, 첨단망협회 (ANF) 31

32 Project 세부내용 연구기획 ( 미래인터넷포럼 ) 미래인터넷기술분석, 예측 연구개발기획 국내 community building, collaboration 주요기술연구 Architecture Wireless Service 표준화 IETF, ITU, IEEE, forum 등 32

33 연구주제 / 수행기관 33

34 미래인터넷포럼 (Future Internet Forum) 미래네트워크활성화를위하여 2006년설립 조직 자문위원회 ( 위원장김창곤 ) 집행위원회 ( 의장최양희 ) Working groups Architecture Wireless Service Testbed Policy 매달 4-5회의연구모임개최 34

35 미래인터넷주요행사 : 국내 Internet of the Future 국제워크샵 July 20-22, 2006, Seoul, Korea / mmlab.snu.ac.kr/ ~ kdcho/ kcist2006/ International Future Internet Workshop 년 7 월 9-10 일, 서울대 미국, 일본, 유럽전문가초청발표 ( 국내외참석자 250 명 ) 한 - 일, 한 - 중미래인터넷전문가협의회 FIW 2007 기간중개최 미래인터넷캠프 (Future Internet Camp) 2007 년 8 월 일, 제주대 국내미래인터넷관련자토론모임 (200 명규모 ) 35

36 Part II 미래인터넷연구주제

37 연구주제의분류 Component Technologies Integrated Architecture Global Test Infrastructure 37

38 Component Technologies : Architecture Layering revisited Name/address Object, service, node.. Packet, circuit, dynamic circuit, hybrid switching Optical Transport Security architecture Mobility management New Routing, forwarding paradigm Multicast/broadcast Network Management 38

39 Component Technologies : Access Multiple networks, interfaces Wireless access (mesh, ad-hoc, vehicular, PAN etc.) Cognitive network technologies Sensor network DTN 39

40 Component Technologies : Service/application Service discovery, search Context-aware applications Location, history, preference Multimedia applications Millions of Broadcast stations 40

41 Integrated Architecture Core network architecture Access network architecture Service architecture Management architecture Expecting many competing candidates 41

42 Network Testbed How to design and operate testbeds with massive number of users? Virtualization? Many tests in one testbed network Or separate network for each experiment? Global collaboration schemes US, Europe, Asia Network monitoring and measurement Troubleshooting and repair 42

43 연구주제의예 : Naming/addressing Identifier + Locator = IP address Need to separate the roles Names (application, service, content) Mapping to routable addresses New requirements Dynamic binding Contexts Uniqueness? Scalability, security, manageability issues 43

44 Optical Transport Optical transport 기술의비약적발전 Unlimited bandwidth Dynamic switching Low cost Circuit, burst, packet switching 이경합중임 Optical storage 구현의어려움으로 packet 방식이제일불리함 GENI 에서는 dynamic circuit switching 채택이유망함 44

45 Storage-centric Networking Resources in networks Bandwidth CPU power Memory : 지금까지거의고려하지않았음 Users want data (content) ( 방법 1)Data 가있는 location 에연결하고, data 를가져옴 ( 방법 2)Data 를찾는 query 를뿌리고응답이오길기다림 모든 network node 에지나가는모든 data 를 store 함 ( 대용량 memory) 45

46 PARC Content Centric Networking Source : PARC 46

47 Multicast/Broadcast 미래의 network 은주로 multicast traffic 을운반할것임 Network architecture/protocol 을변경해야 Core network-access network 에서다른접근필요 Wireless access 에서 multicast solution 필요 47

48 Location context 48

49 Positioning Technologies GPS Triangulation : 3-4 개위성 Cellular Networks A-GPS Cell-ID Pattern matching Indoor 49

50 Issues in Location Context Accuracy Indoor Context 3D 좌표 방향 인접노드 응용과의결합 Geographic addressing Geographic routing Security, privacy 50

51 Multi-networks 미래네트워크환경에서단말기는동시에여러네트워크과연결을유지할것임 예 : wireless access : cellular, WiFi, WiBro 예 : core : optical backbone, Mesh Backbone Which network/interface to use for data transfer? Uplink, downlink Load balancing, backup Handoff between interfaces What about mobility? 51

52 Network Monitoring 현재의 Internet 에서네트워크의성능측정, 고장감지가매우어려움 New network monitoring, measurement architecture is required To understand the network behavior To see the network status (traffic, performance) To locate the faulty resources (HW, SW) Micro-level, macro-level 52

53 Future is not to be predicted, but to be created

Microsoft PowerPoint - %EB%AF%B8%EB%9E%98%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7-%EB%AF%B8%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%B [1].ppt

Microsoft PowerPoint - %EB%AF%B8%EB%9E%98%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7-%EB%AF%B8%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%B [1].ppt Future Internet Yanghee Choi Seoul National University, Future Internet Forum 인터넷의성공 인터넷은인류최대의발명이다. 어느기술도이만큼인류에게큰영향을미치지못했다. 2 인터넷등장배경 미국방성의요구 : 많은통신시설이파괴되더라도계속살아남는통신네트워크를고안할것. 다양한통신기술을활용할수있을것 과학기술계의결론