NCA IV-RER / Guideline for System Integration Procedure

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1 NCA IV-RER / Guideline for System Integration Procedure

2 NCA IV-RER / Guideline for System Integration Procedure

3 , 1980 MRP(Material Requirement Planning), MRPII ERP(Enterprise Resource Planning), 1990 (KMS), (CRM), (SCM), (M&A),,,

4 - -

5 2001 e-business : : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) : ( ) - -

6 ,,,, 3,,,

7 ,, 4 7, 1,,, 23 2,,,,,

8 5,, 6,, (EAI) (B2Bi), 7,,, EAI EAI 5,,, 2001 EAI, EAI, - -

9 Executive Summary Since computers have been introduced and used for organizational needs, various kinds of computer systems have been implemented to satisfy these needs However, dynamic environment today requires the integration of those various kinds of computer systems The purpose of this paper is to suggest desirable system integration strategies and effective and efficient ways for an organization to plan and to execute system integration System integration of various legacy systems, rather than the implementation of a new system that replaces the legacy systems, gives an organization great advantages in reducing its costs and shortening its development period Also, system integration allows an organization to have flexibility in choosing system vendors and makes it easier to implement new systems afterward System integration level should be decided first System integration level is a parameter to evaluate current systems and an objective of system integration There are point-to-point, structural, process and inter-organizational integrations It is desirable to integrate systems progressively from the lowest level to the highest level Also, The type of integration strategy to use should also be considered There are user interface, database, application and portal-oriented integration strategies An integration project manager should consider the integration level and the integration strategy together and then establish the right strategy to fit the current needs of an organization after carefully comparing the characteristics of each strategy above There are largely four system integration phases: strategy establishment, planning, implementing, and deployment and assessment phases Each phase has its own sub-phases; therefore, system integration should be carefully planned and executed based on the sub-phases The development phases above are suggested as good milestones so a project manager can adjust each development phase considering an organization's current situation and needs System integration can be developed in many different ways according to an organizations characteristics and its development purpose Here, we - -

10 categorize system integration into four types: data, application, process and portal-oriented integration The four integration types cannot be considered separately from one another First, data integration is simple but very important phase In data integration, data broker concept is introduced or XML-bases techniques are applied Data integration is done by integrating different database systems directly or by building one interface through a virtual database It is best to integrate two small database systems first, and then, integrate other database systems onto it continuously Second, the methods of application integration are as various as the types of applications implemented When application integration methods are evaluated, it is very important to consider whether a method follows a certain standard and what that standard is There are five patterns of application integration architecture: integration adapter, integration messenger, integration facade, integration mediator and process automator Third, process integration is to define process order, events, transactional logic and information flow within one organization or over many organizations Integration of business processes increases communication and collaboration between organizations Process integration is, therefore, an organization's building strategy The popular methods used in this type of integration are: business process modeling, business process automation, workflow, and process integration These methods have three common layers: the highest; modeling tool/engine, the second; transform/routing/rule processing, and the lowest; messaging system Finally, portal-oriented integration is different from the three other integration patterns mentioned above Portal-oriented integration is unifying user interface environments such as, through a Web browser, but not integrating applications directly In other words, portal-oriented integration is integration at presentation level while the others are integration at application level Enterprise Information Portal (EIP) is one example of the portal-oriented integration Web-based integration architecture is most popular, and its components are Web clients, Web server, database server, back-end applications and application servers - -

11 There are various technologies applied for system integration Middleware-based solution is considered the best among many different technologies Middleware-based integration solution allows developers to concentrate only on messaging service as a connection point for communication between different systems, therefore, simplifying the system integration development Middleware-based solution can be categorized according to its applied technologies and their structures First, Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) is the easiest and most user-friendly method Second, the Messaging-Oriented Method (MOM) makes up for the weak points in RPC with messaging technology Third, the Distributed Objective Method uses standardized interface and standardized protocol in communication between applications Common Object Request Architecture (CORBA) and Component Object Model (COM) are the examples of the distributed objective method Fourth, Database-Oriented Method is applied for communicating between databases or applications and database Fifth, Transaction-Oriented Middleware controls heavy flow of data and method-sharing between resources TP monitor and application servers belong to this pattern In addition, message brokers enable additional services such as, message transformation, intelligent routing, rules processing, message warehousing and repository services onto basic services of typical message-oriented middleware Finally, Java Middleware includes all middlewares that are developed in Java System integration within an organization is a hot issue However, the actual implementations of system integration across or between organizations are not so prominent yet, though the necessities for those are brought out This paper concentrates on system integration within an organization an included a brief overview on standards for integration between organizations The current popular standards in B2B integration are based on XML technologies such as, XML/EDI, RosettaNet, cxml, ebxml, CBL, and BizTalk These standards have been being developed currently and have been applied to B2B systems in the real world Finally, this paper suggests some critical points to consider in order to plan and to execute system integration successfully The integration strategy - -

12 should be cleared first and specific integration process phases should be carefully planned Also, expected organizational benefits and integration costs should be considered together Integration level and solutions to be implemented should be carefully decided in consideration of an organization's current systems And it is desirable to start integration from a small project level and to extend integration to an entire enterprise level Adapter/connector fitness, quality and productivity of additional management tools, business process supportiveness and package price should also be considered when making a final decision - -

13 RPC - -

14 XML A - -

15 Contents 1 Introduction 11 Background and needs 12 Benefits 13 Concepts of integration strategies and processes 2 Integration Strategy 21 The levels of integration 22 Integration strategies 3 Processes of Integration 31 Strategy establishment 32 Planning 33 Implementation 34 Deployment and assessment 4 Types of Integration 41 Data integration 42 Application integration 43 Process integration 44 Portal-oriented integration 5 Integration Technology 51 Concepts of middleware 52 RPC based middleware 53 Message oriented middleware 54 Distributed object 55 Database oriented middleware 56 Transaction oriented middleware - -

16 57 Message broker 58 Java middleware 6 B2B Integration 61 Introduction 62 B2B integration using XML 63 B2B integration standards 7 Conclusion 71 Summary 72 Integration solution selection 73 Considerations References Appendix A Terms - -

17 1 1,,,,,,,, (point-to-point),,,,,,, - -

18 ,,, 2,,,,,,,,,,,,,, - -

19 ,,,,,,,,,,,,, 3 - -

20 ,,, 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : 1 : : IT - -

21 : 31 4 :

22 2 1,,,, 0 : 1 : 2 : 3 : 4 : (Stand-alone) (API) (point-to-point), - -

23 hub & spoke,,, 2,, 3, XML B2B, B2C,, 2 3,, (, ) - -

24 ,,,,,,,,,,,, 2,, - -

25 ,, (Federated Database) ERP ERP 50% - -

26 ,,,, hub & spoke, publish & subscribe, request & reply, fire & forget, 4,, 4,, 1, 2, 3,, 4 4, - -

27 ,, 4, IT,,, - -

28 3,, 1,,,,,, IT - -

29 , IT? ( )???? IT,,,, EAI?? - -

30 ???? (Supply Chain)??,,,?? IT,,,,,,,, - -

31 IT, IT, IT,,,,?,,,???????? - -

32 ???????? 2 IT - -

33 ,,,????,,, - -

34 ,,,,,,??,, - -

35 ,,,, - -

36 - -,,,,,

37 (wrapper),, (wrapper),, API, API, API,, - -

38 ,,,, IT : / : : : : : : : : : - -

39 , (Use Case), - -

40 ,,,,,,,,,,, (pattern), - -

41 - -,, /,,,,,, /

42 ,,, 3,,, :,,, :, - -

43 , :, :,, : ORB, 4 ( ),,, - -

44 - -,,,,,,,,

45 ,, URL- ID - -

46 4,,,,,, 1 (Data Integration),,,, (Data Broker) - -

47 ,,, XML, 4GL /, ERP, ERP,, (metadata),,, ERP, - -

48 (Database replication software), (message broker), (custom-built utilities) / (one-to-many), (many-to-many), (extract), (reformat), (update),,,, / (database replication and translation software) (message broker) (database-to-database), (federated database) - -

49 (Point-to-point) (one-to-one), (one-to-many) (many-to-many), [ 1] - -

50 - -,,,,,

51 ,,,,, [ 2] - -

52 ,, IDMS, IMS, VSAM, ISAM, COBOL-driven flat file,,,, (Relational Database), SQL(Structured Query Language), SQL, (metadata) (Object-Oriented Database),, - -

53 , OODBMS - (ORDBMS) ODMG(Object Data Management Group) OMG (Multidimensional Database) OLAP(On-Line Analytical Processing) OLAP, OLAP 2, (,, ) OLAP, OLAP, OLAP, ODBC, OLAP (Hierarchical Database) IMS ISAM & VSAM - -

54 ISAM(Indexed Sequential Access Method) VSAM ISAM,, ISAM ISAM C, VSAM(Virtual Storage Access Method)IBM MVS ( OS/390 ) VSAM, VSAM IBM VSAM ( ) CODASYL(COnference on DAta SYstems Language) (COBOL) Adabas - -

55 ,,,,,, 2 (Application Integration) (tightly coupled), (well-defined) (reusable) - -

56 , COM(Component Object Model),, JAVAEnterprise JavaBeans(EJB) CORBA ORB(Object Request Broker),, (Integration adapter pattern) (Application Wrapper) (Message Broker Adapter),, - -

57 (Message Broker), API 'adapter' 'connector' [ 3] (Integration Messenger pattern),, (1) One-to-one (request/reply) (2) One-to-one (message queuing) (3) One-to-many (publish/subscribe) - -

58 [ 4] [ 5] - -

59 (Integration Facade pattern) [ 6] (Integration Mediator pattern), - -

60 (Process Automator pattern),, [ 7] ID - -

61 [ 8] - -

62 ,, JavaRMI, CORBA, Internet Inter-ORB Protocol (IIOP), component object model(com),,,, ERP, SCM, CRM, (centralized architecture), 2-tier, 3-tier - -

63 (centralized architecture), ( ),,, 3-tier 2-tier (two-tier architecture) Server/Client,, 'fat' 'thin' 2-tier 3-tier 3-tier (three-tier architecture), 2-tier 3-tier 3-tier - -

64 ,,,, DB (logical), (physical) DB ERP ( : Object) (OOP) (method) CORBAJAVA - -

65 (Custom Application), JCA (Application Wrapping) Application Wrapping CORBA COM JCA(J2EE Connector Architecture) Java JDBC, (Application Connector) JCA (20019, J2EE Connector Architechture 10) JDBCAPI SQL JCAEIS(Enterprise Information System) API - -

66 [ 9] JCA JCA Connection Management,, Connector connector API Common Client Interface(CCI) Enterprise tools vendor (Enterprise Information System : EIS) RFC for SAP R/3, ECI for CICS, M, N M x N CCI M+N JCA 10 (asynchronous transaciton), (bi-directional communication), XMLmetadata, JCA 20 EIS vendor Java, JCA, ERP, CRM, SCM - -

67 , JCA, JCA 3 (Process Integration)? (EAI) (B2B),,,,, (Business Process Modeling) : BPM, BPM, (Business Process Automation) : BPA (Workflow) : - -

68 , (document-oriented), (Process Integration) :,,,,,,,,,, - -

69 (1) (2) (3), (1) (visualize),, IT :,,,, (2) - -

70 , (connectivity),, (3),, (layer),,,, (formatting), - -

71 API [ 10],, XML EDI (Message Oriented Middleware : MOM), - -

72 (routing), BPR(Business Process Reengineering),,, - -

73 , (activity),,,, 4 (Portal-Oriented Integration),,, - -

74 - - EIP(Enterprise Information Portal) EIP (Portal-oriented Integration),,,

75 - -, [ 11],

76 , (, ), (Web Clients) PC,, PC, PDA - -

77 (Web Servers) HTML HTTP HTML, / (, ) (Database Servers) /, JDBC, ODBCCLI(Call Level Interface) (Back-end Application) ERP, API (Application Server),, 3-tier /, - -

78 - -,,

79 5,,,,, 1 API(Application Programming Interface) - -

80 ,, (Point-to-Point Middleware), IBMMQSeries (Message-Oriented Middleware)DCE RPC(Remote Procedure Call) - -

81 (Many-to-Many Middleware),, ( ) (Synchronous vs Asynchronous) (Asynchronous),,,, (Synchronous),, - -

82 ,, ( ),, (Connection-Oriented and Connectionless),,,,, (Direct Communications),,, RPC (Queued Communications) (Queue: ),, MOM / (Publish/Subscribe, pub/sub) pub/sub, (Topic) (subscribe) (publisher), (subscriber) - -

83 / (Request/Response),, (Fire and Forget),,, RPCs(Remote Procedure Calls) (Message-Oriented) (Distributed Objects) (Database-Oriented) (Transaction-Oriented) (Message Broker) (Java) - -

84 2 RPC RPC(Remote Procedure Calls), RPCs, RPC RPC OSF(Open Software Foundation) DCE(Distributed Computing Environment) DCE DCE DCE / DCE, DCE, DCE DCE, IBMCICS, IMS DB2 RPCs RPC - -

85 ,, RPC,,, RPCs RPCs, RPC (, ), 3 (Message-Oriented Middleware) (MOM), RPCs MOM, MOM, MOMRPC,, API, MOM (Process-to-Process) (Message Queue:MQ), MQ, RPCs MQ (Queue Manager),, MOM MOM - -

86 IBMMQSeriesMicrosoftMSMQ RPC MOM 4 (Distributed Objects),,, CORBACOM CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture),,, CORBAOMG ( 500 ) ISOX/Open CORBA ( ) CORBA ORB(Object Request Broker) ORB, ( ),, ORB GIOP(General Inter-ORB Protocol), IIOP(Internet Inter-ORB Protocol) IIOPGIOP - -

87 TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) COM(Component Object Model)Microsoft,, CORBA OLE, COM, ( ),, ( ) CORBA DCOM(Distributed Component Object Model), CORBA COM CORBA ( ) 5 (Database-Oriented Middleware), - -

88 CLI, CLI(Call Level Interface), API, ODBC(Open DataBase Connectivity), JDBC(Java DataBase Connectivity) ODBCJDBC ODBC JDBC-ODBC, OLE DB,,,, - -

89 ,,, 6 (Transaction-Oriented Middleware) TP, TP (Transaction Processing Monitor) TP TP, TP 3,, TP, TP BEA, MTS, IBM CICS (Application Server : AS) AS, (WAS) TP CCOBOL Java AS,,, ERP, - -

90 , TP,,,, 7 (Message Broker) (Message Transformation),, (Intelligent Routing) (Flow Control) (Content-based Routing) (Source), (Target) - -

91 (Rules Processing), (Message Warehousing) (Message Warehouse),, (Message mining), (Message integrity), (Message archiving), (Auditing) (Repository Services) (Repository),,,,, - -

92 (Directory Services), (Management),, (Adapters) - -

93 , ( ERP, CRM, SCM ) Thin, Thick, (Static) (Dynamic) Thin (wrapper) API Thick Thin 8 (Java Middleware), - -

94 (Database-oriented) (Inter-process) (Message-oriented) (Application-hosting) (Transaction processing) (Distributed object technology) (Database-oriented), JDBC, ODBC, (Inter-process) RMI(Remote Method Invocation), EJB(Enterprise JavaBean) CORBA, CORBA RMI, RMI, CORBA (Message-oriented), JMS(Java Message Service) - -

95 JMS API JMSJMS (Provider), JMS, JMS, JMS JMS,, JMS (point-to-point) publish/subscribe (Application hosting), C COBOL (Distributed object technology) CORBA,, RMI, CORBA, CORBA - -

96 J2EE(Java 2 Enterprise Edition) J2EE, J2EE - EJB(Enterprise JavaBeans) - Servlet/JSP(Java ServerPages) - JDBC(Java Database Connectivity) - JNDI(Java Naming and Directory Interface) - JavaMail - JMS(Java Message Service) - JTA(Java Transaction API)/JTS(Java Transaction Service) - JAF(JavaBeans Activation Framework) - RMI-IIOP - JavaIDL EJB(Enterprise JavaBeans) EJB EJB (Entity Bean), (Session Bean) Servlet/JSP(Java Server Page) CGI(Common Gateway Interface) (Request) JSPHTML MIME - -

97 , JSP JDBC(Java Database Connectivity) JDBC JDBC J2EE JDBC, EJB (Entity Bean), EJB ( ) (persistency) JDBC JNDI(Java Naming and Directory Interface) JNDI (naming) API JNDI (object) (attribute) JNDI Java, J2EEJNDI JNDI, LDAP, DNS NIS / JavaMail JavaMail API - -

98 , JavaMail, RFC822 JMS(Java Message Service) JMSIBM MQSeries API JMS JMS (point-to-point) publish/ subscribe JTA/JTS(Java Transaction API/Java Transaction Service) Java Transaction API(JTA) JTA JTA (transactions) EJB JTA JTA Java Transaction Service(JTS)JTA, OMGOTS JTS JAF(JavaBeans Activation Framework) JAFMIME Java JavaBeans MIME RMI-IIOP RMI-IIOPIIOP(Internet InterORB Protocol) RMI API - -

99 RMI-IIOP OMG IDL RMI ORB JavaIDL Java IDL IDL CORBA Java IDL J2EE J2SE(Java 2 Standard Edition) Java IDL CORBA APIORB(Object Request Broker) JCA(J2EE Connector Architecture) JCA, J2EE ERP, CRM,,, EIS(Enterprise Information System) EIS JCA, CCI(Common Client Interface) JCAEIS, (Connection Management Contract) : (Connection Pooling) (Transaction Management Contract) : - -

100 EIS (Security Contract) : EIS JCA J2EE, JCA J2EE,, - -

101 6,,,,, 1,,, XML(eXtensible Markup Language) - -

102 2 XML (Electronic Document Exchange : EDI), EDI XML XML SGML(Standard Generalized Markup Language) HTML(HyperText Markup Language) SGML DTD(Data Type Definition), linking, XML XMLW3C,, XML Attribute DB XML - -

103 XML, XSL(eXtensible Stylesheet Language), XML (XSL) XML parser XML Element XML,, Java, active X XML, XML XML, EDI, CALS, B2B(Business to Business) Application ecommerce, ecatalog WML( ) EDI(Electronic Data Interchange) ITEM(, ) EAI(Enterprise Application Integration) SCM(Supply-Chain Management) CRM(Customer Resource Management) XML, XML - -

104 XML, XML (XML-enabled Middleware) XML XML EDIXML EDI, VAN,, VAN,, EDI,, /, VAN EDI EDI HTMLEDI, XML/EDI XMLSGML HTML,, EDI, XML, XML,,, XML/EDI DTD - -

105 3,,,,,,,, XML, XML RosettaNet EDI,, EDI, XML, EDI PIPs(Partner Interface Processes) PIP,, PIP - -

106 PIPs PIP, PIP [ 12], PIP PIP (DUNS, UN/SPSC) - -

107 (Dictionary) PIP,, ( ) PIP (Message) (preamble), well-formed XML multipart/related MIME XML, BizTalk BizTalk BizTalk XML, BizTalk BizTalk Framework BizTalk Server BizTalk FrameworkBizTalk biztag XML, BizTalk Server,, - -

BizTalk Application BizTalk Server Data Communication BizTalk BizTalk Server BizTalk XML BizTalk HTTP, MSMQ(Microsoft Message Queue) BizTalk

108 BizTalk Application BizTalk Server Data Communication BizTalk BizTalk Server BizTalk XML BizTalk HTTP, MSMQ(Microsoft Message Queue) BizTalk BizTalk BizTalk BizTalk biztag routing Microsoft BizTalk 2000 server BizTalk Messaging Services : BizTalk Messaging service,,, (key indentifiers),, - -

109 Receive functions :, File, Message Queuing, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP Transport services :, HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, File, Message Queuing Application integration components, loopback Data parsers : ANSI X12, UN/EDIFACTvalid, well-formed XML Data validation : specification rule (suspended queue) Reliable document delivery : Reliable document deliverybiztalk Messaging Services Properties Security : BizTalk server 2000encryption encryption BizTalk BizTalk Orchestration Services BizTalk Orchestration Services (Long-run) XLANG schedule BizTalk Orchestration Services, XLANG schedule XLANG schedules XLANG schedule XLANG Scheduler engine XLANG schedule,, - -

110 Implementation Technologies COM componentmessage Queuing ServicesWindows Script component BizTalk Orchestration services XLANG language XLANG language XML BizTalk Orchestration BizTalk Orchestration designer visio XLANG schedules XLANG schedule XML BizTalk Messaging services BizTalk server 2000, BizTalk messaging services BizTalk Message Manager BizTalk Messaging Configure object Specification Data BizTalk server 2000 XML BizTalk Editor Specification BizTalk mapper, specification - -

111 BizTalk BizTalk Orchestration ServicesBizTalk Messaing Services BizTalk, cxml(commerce XML)CBL(Common Business Library) cxml XML, (Ariba), Sterling Commerce B2B cxmlxml DTD,,, cxml,,, CommerceOneCBL,, XML CBL XML DTD, XML (Library) CBL EDI,, - -

112 XML/EDI XML/EDIEDI XML XML/EDIEDI XML XML,, EDI, XMLDTD,, XML/EDI XML EDI,,, XML/EDI EDI, XML/EDIXMLEDI,, 5,,, EDI,, ebxml(electronic business XML) - -

113 MicrosoftBizTalk, RosettaNet, UN/CEFACTOASISebXML, CommerceNeteCO ebxml? ebxmlun/cefactoasis W3C XML Market Transport/Routing & Packing, Registry & Repository, Trading Partner, Business Process, Core Component Transport/Routing & Packing,, Business Process Core Component, ContextRegistry & Repository,,, Core Component ebxml (1) Core ComponentebXML / (2) AA ebxml / - -

114 - - (3) A (4) A A / (5) BebXML / A (6) B A B (7) B A (8) ebxml Market ebxml (,, ) ebxml B2B

115 - -

116 7 1 ( ),,,,,,, - -

117 ,,,, - -

118 ,,, 2, /,, / / / - -

119 /,, 4,,,,,,,,, - -

120 ,,,,,,,,, 3 - -

121 ,,, /,, /,,,,,,,, - -

122 ,, - -

123 [1] John Schmidt, "Enabling Next Generation Enterprises", eai Journal, /8 [2] William A Ruh, Enterprise Application Integration", John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2001 [3] David S Linthicum, "B2B Application Integration", Addison-Wesley, 2001 [4] David S Linthicum, "Don't Discount Biztalk", eai Journal, [5] Douglas W Allen, "Establishing an EAI Architecture", eai Journal, [6] David S Linthicum, "B2B Process Integration", eai Journal, [7] Mike Gilpin, "How to Select an Enterprise Application Integration Solution", Giga Information Group, [8] Jeffrey C Lutz, "EAI Architecture Patterns", eai Journal, [9] Sun Microsystems, "J2EE Connector Architecture Specification Version 10 final release", Sun Microsystems, [10] ebxml org, "ebxml Technical Architecture Specification v104", ebxml org, [11], XML B2B, Issue 136, [12],, [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] - -

124 A : 4 3 C, C++, COBOL, Fortran, :, e-biz,, : B2C : 1990,,, BPR, : CALS CALS CALS, :, - -

125 ,,, : : 50%,,,, :,,,, (ERP) ERP : CORBA(Common Object Request Broker Architecture), ORB(Object Request Broker), : : IIOP, IIOP CORBA(Common Object Request - -

126 Broker Architecture) CORBAIIOP,, ) :, SMTP7 ASCII, IEFT :,, MS, : IBM, HP, DEC, (Siemens) OSF OSF/1 (GUI)OSF/Motif, OSF/DCE : / (SCM),,,, ) : TCP/IP, RFC

127 2 : / (UNCCS), UNDP /IAPSO SPSC : MIT Laboratory for Computer Science , MIT/LCS INRIA, Keio : HDML WML, PDA WML WAP WAPGSM, CDMA, TDMA,, : ( ) / ( ) LAN -WAN ( ) : 1993 IBM (Data Integrity) : - -

128 , : DW,, :,, : LAN, :,,,,, :,, EAI : - -

129 : e,, :, : :, " " 3 / :,, /,, :, (CPU),, - -

130 :, :,,,,, /, :, :,,,, : - -

131 : :, : :,, (Java) :,, EAI, : 2 (UCS), IBM,, (Unicode) 1990 ISO/IEC JTC

132 : UML(Unified Modeling Language), ( ) :, :, : :, ERP, SCM, CRM : ( ),,, EIP(Enterprise Information Portal) - -

133 :, XXXXXXXXX () : : 168 Tel : XXXXXXXXX : < > e-business, (ECIF),, , - -

Chap7.PDF

Chap7.PDF Chapter 7 The SUN Intranet Data Warehouse: Architecture and Tools All rights reserved 1 Intranet Data Warehouse : Distributed Networking Computing Peer-to-peer Peer-to-peer:,. C/S Microsoft ActiveX DCOM(Distributed