Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3, March (2018), pp

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3, March (2018), pp"

Transcription

1 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3, March (2018), pp 유아웃음유발에관한연구 : 종이찢는소리를중심으로 지상휘 1), 송욱진 2), 박형우 3), 배명진 4) On Infant Laughter Trigger: When The sound of Tear a Paper Sang-Hwi Jee 1), Uk-Jin Song 2), Hyung-Woo Park 3), Myung-Jin Bae 4) 요약 웃음은사람이행복하거나즐거운심리적상태에서나타난다. 일상생활부분에서웃음은내부적, 외부적혹은동시에의한자극들에대한반응이다. 성인들의웃음과유아들의웃음에는차이가존재하는데성장과정을거치면서사회의분위기에따른인위적인웃음과그외적인부분으로나뉜다. 유아들에게서웃음을유발시키는방법은대개장난감을통한놀이, 부모의다정한목소리등다양한방법이있다. 그중소리를이용한방법이있고, 특히종이를찢어그소리대역을아기에게들려주어웃음을유발하는방법도존재한다. 본논문에서는종이를찢었을때의소리와유아들의웃음소리를비교분석하였을때, 왜유아들의웃음이유발되는지를연구하였다. 종이찢는소리와유아웃음소리를비교하였을때전체적인주파수응답에대한대역형태가유사하였다. 유아의웃음소리의경우기본주파수부터배음이올라가는데도에너지가크게줄지않고오히려더욱커지는부분도있었으며, 활강특성이뚜렷하게나타남을알수있었다. 지속시간을토대로비교하였을때는종이를짧게찢는것보다길에찢었을때유아들의웃음유발이더욱높았다. 핵심어 : 유아웃음, 종이찢는소리, 유아웃음유발, 웃음소리 Abstract Laughter is happening in a person's happy or pleasant psychological state. In everyday life, laughter is a reaction to internal, external, or simultaneous stimuli. There is a difference between the laughter of adults and the laughter of infants, but it is divided into artificial laughs according to the atmosphere of society as well as the growth process. There are many ways to induce laughter in toddlers, such as toys, parental affectionate voices. Among them, there is a method using a sound, and in particular, there is a method of Received (December 8, 2017), Review Result (December 15, 2017) Accepted (January 9, 2018), Published (March 31, 2018) Dept. Electronic Engineering. SoongSil Univ., Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea slayernights@ssu.ac.kr Dept. Electronic Engineering. SoongSil Univ., Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea imduj@ssu.ac.kr Dept. Electronic Engineering. SoongSil Univ., Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea pphw@ssu.ac.kr Dept. Electronic Engineering. SoongSil Univ., Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Korea mjbae@ssu.ac.kr *Corresponding author: Myung-Jin Bae, Ph.D ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2018 HSST 745

2 On Infant Laughter Trigger: When The sound of Tear a Paper tearing a paper and causing the baby to hear the sound of the sound to induce laughter. In this paper, we analyzed why children laugh when they compare the sound of tearing paper and the laughing sound of infants. The overall frequency band was similar when the paper tear and toddler laughter were compared. In the case of laughing sounds of infants, energy was not decreased much even though the harmonic sound was increased from the fundamental frequency, and there was also a part where it was getting bigger. When comparing the results based on the duration, it was found that the infants were more likely to laugh when they tore on the road than on the paper. Keywords : infant laughter, paper tearng sound, infant laughter induction, Laughter sound 1. 서론 오늘날다양한분야에서웃음에대한연구가활발하게이루어지고있다. 웃음은사람이행복하거나즐거운심리적상태에서나타난다. 웃음을보게되면타인도같이즐거움이공유된다. 웃음은내부적, 외부적혹은동시에의한것이든간에자극들에대한반응이며, 인지적능력과언어학적과정과관련되어지는얼굴, 목소리, 목과관련한현상의조합으로볼수있다.[1] 유아들에게서웃음을유발시키는방법은장난감, 부모의다정한목소리등다양한방법이있다. 본연구에서는소리로유아웃음을유도하는방법을연구중종이를찢는소리를아기에게들려주어웃음을유도하는방법도있다. 2012년 5월 Youtube 에서부모가종이를찢는소리를아기에게들려주었을때아기가자지러지게웃는동영상이올라와큰화재를모았다.[2] [ 그림 1] 종이찢는소리를들려주었을때아기웃음.[2] [Fig. 1] Baby laugh when you hear the paper tear.[2] 웃음에대한관심은정신적인부분과의학적인부분에서긍정적인효과가나타난다는선행연 구결과가있기때문이다.[1] 선행연구에서유아웃음은불일치에대한인식및지각, 감상능력을 나타내는지표로이해되어왔다. 이러한연구결과에서유아들이불일치를인식하고웃음을보이 746 Copyright c 2018 HSST

3 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3 (2018) 는것이유아스스로가불일치를지각할수있는인지적수준에도달된것으로이해된다. 또한, 최 근유아들웃음에관한연구에서는웃음을통해타인을웃기거나즐겁게해줌으로써유아들은보 다쉽게사회적일원이될수있다는것으로이해되어지고있다.[3] 부모들의경우자신들의아이가웃을때해맑고육아의뿌듯함을전달받는기쁨의소리로인식 하고있다. 그러나유아웃음은유아들이즐거울때만내는것이아닌, 유아의처해진환경에따라 자기의감정을최대한표현하기위한방법으로써슬픔, 놀람, 귀찮을때같은여러가지상황에서 의감정을드러낸다. 즐거울때의경우, 하나의방법이아닌쓰다듬어주거나, 안아주거나, 까꿍같 은소리등을통하여웃음을유발한다.[1][3][4] 본연구에서는종이찢는소리를들려주었을때유 아의웃음을유발하는상관관계에대하여규명하는것이본논문의목적이다. 본논문의구성은다음과같다 2 장에서는유아웃음소리의소리음향적인특성을살펴본다. 3 장 에서는실험및결과그리고, 4 장에서는결론을맺는다. 2. 유아웃음의소리음향적인특성 2.1 유아의웃음발생종류 유아들의웃음은얼굴표정과웃음소리가합쳐진신체적반응이다.[4] 이러한웃음은유아라고해서일정하지않으며, 같은상황에서라도다를수있다. 유아의특성상유아들이내보이는웃음의양상은크게큰소리로웃기, 키득키득웃기, 미소짓기, 자지러지게웃기로나눌수있다. 큰소리로웃는경우는얼굴의근육이모두이완된듯한표정이며, 이는자신의감정을있는그대로를표출함으로써, 기쁨과, 갑작스러운상황에서기대의불일치에대한지각에서갑작스럽게나오는반응이다. 키득키득웃기의경우, 참을수없어터져나오는듯한표정이며, 또래와장난을치거나, 혹은타인의이상한행동이나, 우스꽝스러운모습을보았을때드러낸다. 또한구조적인일과에서의규칙과억압, 제약등에서해방되어자신만의세계를구축하는양상일때나타난다. 자지러지는듯한유아웃음은유아들의웃음중가장격한표현이며, 폭발적이며, 온몸으로자지러지게웃는것이다. 이러한경우한번웃음이터지게되면, 이를반복하면서더욱더웃음을원하는것처럼보이게된다. 한편, 유아들은소리가없이미소를짓는형태로도나타난다. 유아들이순수한호의를보여주는것으로표현하기도되며, 위기상황을대처할때도나타난다. 이러한양상은앞으로살아가면서다양한사회를겪으며선별적으로미소가나뉘게된다.[1][3][4][5] 2.2 목소리와웃음의소리음향적인특성 웃음은슬플때혹은나즐거울때나남녀노소모두자극에의해서나오는반응이다.[4] 웃음을 짓게되면상대방은웃는사람이즐겁거나혹은행복을느끼는것을알수있지만, 유아들의웃음 ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2018 HSST 747

4 A Study on Influence of Laughter on Paper Laughter 은성인들과는다른특징이나타난다.[5] 성인의경우남성의성대는평균적으로기본주파수가 120Hz정도이고여성의경우, 평균 230Hz정도이다.[6][7][8] 그러나아이들의경우에는 300Hz 이상으로나타나는데남자보다는여자가목소리진동수가더높으며, 나이가들수록목소리의진동수가낮아지는특징이있다.[9] 다음그림2는성인웃음소리를스펙트로그램으로나타낸것이다. 성인웃음소리의경우 / 하하하 / 내는소리와 / 허허허 / 또는 / 칵칵칵 / 거리면서목젖을울리는소리가나는특징이있는데, 스펙트로그램분석을통해살펴보면저주파대역에에너지가몰려있으며, 고주파쪽으로올라갈수록에너지가뚜렷하게줄어들고웃음의형태에따라각각리듬을타며발생하는것이특징이다. 특히평탄한특성을보이고있는데이는사람이나이를먹어가면서사회의분위기나, 대인관계, 예절부분에밀접하게살아오면서진짜로웃는경우보다상황의분위기나상대의기분에따라맞춰주는웃음을짓다보니인위적으로만들어지는웃음형태에서나타는특징이라고할수있다.[10][11] [ 그림 2] 성인웃음소리스펙트로그램 [Fig. 2] spectrogram of adult laughter 그림3 은유아웃음소리의스펙트로그램을나타낸것이다. 아기웃음소리의경우 / 까르륵까르륵 / 이나 / 헤헤헤 / 또는 / 에헤헤 / 소리를낸다. 그림3의스펙트로그램을보게되면그림2의성인웃음소리와는다르게높낮이가뚜렷하고지속시간이긴것이특징이다. 또한저주파대역에서에너지가몰려있으며배음또한성인웃음소리에비해높게존재하고바이브레이션이나타난다. 이는아기들의경우목젖부분이발달되어있지않고, 나이가어릴수록기본주파수대역이높기때문이다. 이는아기들의경우사회적인분위기나, 예절등을겪지않는상태이며체면을의식하지않기때문에성인들과다르게인위적인부분이없고자연스러운웃음을내보이기때문이다.[12][13] 748 Copyright c 2018 HSST

5 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3 (2018) [ 그림 3] 유아웃음소리스펙트로그램 [Fig. 3] Spectrogram of Baby Laugh Sound 다음그림 4는유아웃음소리의특징을나타낸스펙트로그램이다. 유아들은성인이나, 어린이, 청소년에비해폐활량이높지않고발달이덜되어있어웃을때과정이존재한다.[1][4][5] 유아들의웃음은자극, 웃음, 숨고르기형태로진행이되는데위쪽그림은목젖에서단속되는형태의웃음소리이고아래쪽그림의경우흡착음형태의웃음소리이기때문에포만트의특징인결무늬가없는것이특징이다.[14][15] 자극을받아서웃음부분으로넘어갈때지속시간이길어지며웃음의마지막부분으로갈수록에너지의형태가낮아지면서숨이넘어갈듯웃음이진행이되다가끝으로넘어가면숨고르기를하게된다. 또한유아의경우, 웃고난뒤에까르륵 ~ 깍 ( 또는삑 ~) 같이숨을고르는소리를내게된다.[5] 이는끝부분과웃음마지막부분의경우활강특성인옥타브변화가일어나는데기본주파수가크게변화함을토대로숨을고른다는것을알수있었다. 또한스펙트로그램상에서급격하게상승하는모습을알수있었다.[16][17] [ 그림 4] 유아웃음소리특징스펙트로그램 [Fig. 4] spectrogram of Infant Laughter Feature ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2018 HSST 749

6 A Study on Influence of Laughter on Paper Laughter 3. 실험및결과 3.1 실험환경 본논문에서는유아들이종이를찢었을경우에웃음을짓는것을연구하기위하여, 종이를찢는소리와유아웃음소리를각각분석하고, 그특징들을기반으로하여웃음소리와종이찢는소리의상관관계를분석하고자한다. 유아웃음은 Youtube 에서나온종이찢는소리유아웃음동영상을녹음하여사용하였다. 종이찢는소리는학교세미나실 ( 암소음 45dB) 환경에서 Sony PCM-D50 을이용하여녹음하였으며, Adobe Audition CC 프로그램을통하여녹음한소리를디지털화하여사용하였다. 이때디지털화를위하여 16,000 로샘플링하였고, 매샘플은 16bit/sample 로양자화하여준비하였다. 그리고이디지털자료들의시간영역과주파수영역, 스펙트로그램영역에서비교분석을수행하였다. 3.2 실험및결과 다음그림5는유아웃음소리를녹음한데이터를스펙트로그램으로나타낸것이다. 분석결과를보면, 약 300Hz 대역을기반으로하여 ( 기본주파수 ), 청각에민감한 4000Hz 까지에너지가고루분포함을확인할수있었다. 특히 1000Hz 대역에가장에너지가많이존재하였다. 이특징은아이들의발성기관의특성의길이와굵기에해당하는공명구조가형성되어있기때문이다. 활강특성 기본주파수 [ 그림 5] 유아웃음소리스펙트로그램 [Fig. 5] Spectrogram of Infant laughter 다음그림 6 은종이찢는소리를녹음한데이터를스펙트로그램으로나타낸것이다. 종이찢는 소리의경우특정대역의피치나포만트가검출되지않는백색음과유사한특성을보인다. 그로 750 Copyright c 2018 HSST

7 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3 (2018) 인해서, 아이들의웃음소리인 300 부터 4000 대역까지넓은대역에서에너지가분포함을확인 할수있다. 그로인해여러아이들이한꺼번에웃는듯한소리효과를만들어낼수있으며, 특히 주파수구성이비슷한경우지속시간에서유사한분석특징이얻어지는경우더욱유사한소리로 인지된다. 에너지분포 [ 그림 6] 종이찢는소리스펙트로그램 [Fig. 6] Spectrogram of Tearing paper 다음그림 7 과 8 은아웃음소리와종이찢는소리의파형이다. 지속시간을비교하기위하여각 각의파형을나타내었다. 유아웃음소리의경우활강특성인부분을제외하고지속시간을살펴보면 약 3.5 초로나타났고, 종이찢는소리의경우 3.2 초로나타났다. 지속시간 활강특성 [ 그림 7] 유아웃음소리파형 [Fig. 7] The waveform of the Infant laughter ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2018 HSST 751

8 A Study on Influence of Laughter on Paper Laughter 지속시간 [ 그림 8] 종이찢는소리파형 [Fig. 8] The waveform of the Tearing paper 다음그림 9 와 10 은유아웃음과종이찢는소리의파형을확대한그림이다. 분석결과유아웃음 소리의파형반복주기는평균적으로 0.3 초 ~0.6 초정도로나타났다. 종이찢는소리의경우파형의 반복주기가평균적으로 0.3 초 ~0.6 초로유아웃음소리와유사함을알수있었다. [ 그림 9] 유아웃음소리파형 [Fig. 9] The waveform of the Infant laughter [ 그림 10] 종이찢는소리파형 [Fig. 10] The waveform of the Tearing paper 다음그림 11 은유아웃음소리와종이찢는소리를비교한주파수분석스펙트럼이다. 빨간색 스펙트럼이유아웃음소리이며, 노란색이종이찢는소리이다. 유아웃음소리나종이찢는소리모두 752 Copyright c 2018 HSST

9 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.3 (2018) 100Hz ~1500Hz 대역에서의주파수성분은유사하나, 1700Hz 부터 2500Hz 대역에서는유아웃음 소리가종이찢는소리보다주파수성분이높았다. 20dB 이상의차이를보였으나, 그이후부터는 전대역에서간헐적으로 5dB 정도의차이를보였다. 1700~2500 대역을제외한나머지대역에서의 주파수성분이유사하였다. 이는종이를찢게되면유아들은주위가웃고있다는것으로판단하며, 청각적인측면에서옛날의경험을연상기억되며, 즐겁게웃던소리가귓가에들리면그때의추억 을연상하면서유아의웃음이유발된것으로추정된다.[11] [ 그림 11] 종이찢는소리와유아웃음소리비교스펙트럼 [Fig. 11] Paper ripping sound and infant laughter sound spectrum 4. 결론 웃음은내부적, 외부적혹은동시에의한것이든간에자극들에대한반응이다. 웃음은심리적으로행복하거나즐거운상태에서나타난다. 웃음을보게되면타인도같이즐거움이공유될수있다. 특히유아들의웃음을통해부모들은행복한감정을느낄수있다. 유아들에게서웃음을유발시키는방법은장난감, 부모의다정한목소리등다양한방법이있으나종이를찢어그소리대역을아기에게들려주는방법도존재한다. 본논문에서는종이찢는소리와유아웃음소리의두가지를비교분석하였을때대부분의대역에서전체적인주파수성분이비슷하여종이찢는소리가유아들에게는같이웃는소리대역을들려주는듯한느낌을받을수있다. 또한옛날의경험을연상기억되며, 즐겁게웃던소리가귓가에들리면그때의추억을연상하면서유아의웃음이유발된것으로추정된다. 유아들의웃음은유아자신들뿐만아니라부모와주위사람에게도긍정적인부분을제공한다. 특히부모들의경우자식의웃음소리를듣게될경우, 마음이뿌듯해지므로종이찢는소리뿐만아니라다른부분의연구를통하여유아웃음을유발하는다양한기법이연구되어야할것이다. ISSN: AJMAHS Copyright c 2018 HSST 753

10 A Study on Influence of Laughter on Paper Laughter References [1] Y. S Choi, Editors. "Arising of Laugher and lt's Aspect of the Young Chilren", The Korea Society For Children'S Media.(2011), Vol.10, No.1, pp [2] [3] H. S Yoon and J. S Choi, Perception of infant happiness, Jounal of the Korea Content Association. (2015) Vol.15, No.11, pp [3] S. J. Park, K. A. Kang, Development of a Measurement Instrument for Parenting Behavior of Primary Caregivers in Early Childhood, Korean Society of Nursing Science. (2015) pp [5] J. H Ahn and M. J Bae, Study on the baby laugh characteristics, (2007) [6] S. Y. Choi, J. H. Shon, and M. J Bae, A Study on the Characteristic Analysis of Baby's Crying in the Sound of Emille bell, the institute of electronics engineers of korea (2003) [7] M. J. Bae, Editor, Digital voice communication, Books Publishing Dong Young, korea (1998) [8] H. W. Park, S. H. Jee and M. J. Bae, Research on stress of English natives' Korean pronunciation, The 9th 2016 International Interdisciplinary Workshop Series, (2016) April 19 ~ 21, Korea [9] Lawrence R. Rabiner, Ronald W. Schafer, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, Prentice Hall (1978) [10] J. S. Han and M. J. Bae, A Study on the lnfant to respond to mom's voice. Proceedings of Symposium of the Korean lnstitute of communications and Information Sciences, (2014) Jan pp [11] M.J. Bae, and M.S. Kim, Reading the world through the sound, Seoul: Gimmyoung Publishers. (2013) [13] U. J. Song, E. Y. Yi and M. J. Bae, "A Study on the Analysis of Causes of Baby Launghing on the Noise", Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology. Vol.7, No.4, April (2017), pp [14] S. B. Park, M. S. Kim and M. J. Bae, "A Psycho-acoustic Study of Soothing Crying Babies: The Sound of In-taking Udon", Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology. Vol.7, No.10, October (2017), pp [15] J. S. Yoon, I. S. Ahn and M. J. Bae,"A study on the Dog's Vocal Cords that Imitate Baby Cry", Proceedings of Symposium of the Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences,( ) : [16] U. J. Song, H. W. Park and M. J. Bae, "A Study on Cause Analysis of Sound that Causes the Baby Laugh", Convergence Research Letter, Vol.2, No.4, October (2016), pp [17] U. J. Song, D. W. Seo and M. J. Bae,"On an Acoustical Discrimination of Baby Crying during Sleepy and Burp State", Korea Telecom Society Winter Synthesis Conference, (2017) pp Copyright c 2018 HSST

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015), pp.631-648 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.08.77 보육의 위기적 현상과 재난안전관리의 문제점 조망

More information

Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.4, April (2018), pp

Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.4, April (2018), pp Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.8, No.4, April (2018), pp. 277-284 http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/ajmahs.2018.04.30 소프라노가수들의바이브레이션심도측정에관한연구 송욱진

More information

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Vol.5, No.5, October (2015), pp.471-479 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.10.50 스마트온실을 위한 가상 외부기상측정시스템 개발 한새론 1), 이재수 2), 홍영기 3), 김국환 4), 김성기 5), 김상철 6) Development of Virtual Ambient Weather Measurement

More information

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.6, No.2, February (2016), pp. 325-332 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2016.09 한국의 대학운영제도 변화를 위한 K-MOOC 활용방안에

More information

<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770>

<35335FBCDBC7D1C1A42DB8E2B8AEBDBAC5CDC0C720C0FCB1E2C0FB20C6AFBCBA20BAD0BCAE2E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 15, No. 2 pp. 1051-1058, 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2014.15.2.1051 멤리스터의 전기적 특성 분석을 위한 PSPICE 회로 해석 김부강 1, 박호종 2, 박용수 3, 송한정 1*

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 한국소음진동공학회 2015추계학술대회논문집년 Study of Noise Pattern and Psycho-acoustics Characteristic of Household Refrigerator * * ** ** Kyung-Soo Kong, Dae-Sik Shin, Weui-Bong Jeong, Tae-Hoon Kim and Se-Jin Ahn Key Words

More information

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( )

. 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, ( ) . 45 1,258 ( 601, 657; 1,111, 147). Cronbach α=.67.95, 95.1%, Kappa.95.,,,,,,.,...,.,,,,.,,,,,.. :,, (402-751) 253 E-mail : yspark@inha.ac.kr ,. (, 2011),, 1980 5 49.9%, 4 (20.3%). 1985, 5 (39.0%), 4 (25.3%).

More information

09È«¼®¿µ 5~152s

09È«¼®¿µ5~152s Korean Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol.23, No.2, 2007, pp.45~52 Measurement of Backscattering Coefficients of Rice Canopy Using a Ground Polarimetric Scatterometer System Suk-Young Hong*, Jin-Young Hong**,

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Nov.; 26(11), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Nov.; 26(11), 985991. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.11.985 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI: : Researc

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp DOI:   : Researc Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp.251-273 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.2.201706.251 : 1997 2005 Research Trend Analysis on the Korean Alternative Education

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: 3 * The Effect of H

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   3 * The Effect of H Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.577-601 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.577 3 * The Effect of Home-based Activities Using Traditional Fairy Tales

More information

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w

YI Ggodme : The Lives and Diseases of Females during the Latter Half of the Joseon Dynasty as Reconstructed with Cases in Yeoksi Manpil (Stray Notes w 497 의사학 제24권 제2호(통권 제50호) 2015년 8월 Korean J Med Hist 24 ː497-532 Aug 2015 c대한의사학회 http://dx.doi.org/10.13081/kjmh.2015.24.497 pissn 1225-505X, eissn 2093-5609 역시만필( 歷 試 漫 筆 ) 의 사례로 재구성한 조선후기 여성의 삶과 질병

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., -

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 6, Jun Rate). STAP(Space-Time Adaptive Processing)., - THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Jun.; 29(6), 457463. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.6.457 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Sigma-Delta

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4)

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. vol. 29, no. 10, Oct ,,. 0.5 %.., cm mm FR4 (ε r =4.4) THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Oct.; 29(10), 799 804. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.10.799 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Method

More information

???? 1

???? 1 The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics (2014) 27(1), 13 20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/kjas.2014.27.1.013 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation by Stopping Rule and SM3 Design in a Phase I Clinical Trial

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A S

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A S Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.461-487 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.461 * - 2008 2018 - A Study on the Change of Issues with Adolescent Problem

More information

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770>

<C7D1B1B9B1B3C0B0B0B3B9DFBFF85FC7D1B1B9B1B3C0B05F3430B1C733C8A35FC5EBC7D5BABB28C3D6C1BE292DC7A5C1F6C6F7C7D42E687770> 기혼 여성이 사이버대학에서 상담을 전공하면서 겪는 경험 방기연 (고려사이버대학교 상담심리학과 부교수) * 요 약 본 연구는 기혼 여성의 사이버대학 상담전공 학과 입학에서 졸업까지의 경험을 이해하는 것을 목적으로 한 다. 이를 위해 연구참여자 10명을 대상으로 심층면접을 하고, 합의적 질적 분석 방법으로 분석하였다. 입학 전 에 연구참여자들은 고등교육의 기회를

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

<353420B1C7B9CCB6F52DC1F5B0ADC7F6BDC7C0BB20C0CCBFEBC7D120BEC6B5BFB1B3C0B0C7C1B7CEB1D7B7A52E687770>

<353420B1C7B9CCB6F52DC1F5B0ADC7F6BDC7C0BB20C0CCBFEBC7D120BEC6B5BFB1B3C0B0C7C1B7CEB1D7B7A52E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 13, No. 2 pp. 866-871, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.2.866 증강현실을 이용한 아동교육프로그램 모델제안 권미란 1*, 김정일 2 1 나사렛대학교 아동학과, 2 한세대학교 e-비즈니스학과

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI: * The Grounds and Cons

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp DOI:   * The Grounds and Cons Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp.63-81 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.3.201612.63 * The Grounds and Consequences of the Elementary School Teachers' Trust Formation

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 29(2), IS THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2018 Feb.; 29(2), 93 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2018.29.2.93 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) UHF-HF

More information

08김현휘_ok.hwp

08김현휘_ok.hwp (Regular Paper) 21 3, 2016 5 (JBE Vol. 21, No. 3, May 2016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.2016.21.3.369 ISSN 2287-9137 (Online) ISSN 1226-7953 (Print) a), a) An Audio Coding Technique Employing the Inter-channel

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 30(9), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2019 Sep.; 30(9), 712 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2019.30.9.712 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) MOS

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: * Early Childhood T

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Early Childhood T Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.243-269 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.243 * Early Childhood Teachers' Perception on Reconstruction of Curriculum

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI: * A Research Trend

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp DOI:   * A Research Trend Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp.295-318 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.4.201812.295 * A Research Trend on the Studies related to Parents of Adults with Disabilities

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

07-1960(JH)

07-1960(JH) 한국두피모발미용학회지 제5권 제1호 2009 The Journal of Beauty & Trichology 5(1), 00~00(2008) 1960년대 뷰티 및 패션트렌드 분석 - 모델 트위기 (Twiggy) 를 중심으로 - 김희선* 안양과학대학 뷰티디자인학부 Analysis of Beauty and Fashion trends in the 1960 s - Focusing

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Dec.; 27(12), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Dec.; 27(12), 1036 1043. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.12.1036 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online)

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * The Mediating Eff

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * The Mediating Eff Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.159-177 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.159 * The Mediating Effects of Self-esteem on the Relationship between Social

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 26(10),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Sep.; 26(10), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Sep.; 26(10), 907 913. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.10.907 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Prediction

More information

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) ISSN 228

(JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016) (Regular Paper) 21 1, (JBE Vol. 21, No. 1, January 2016)   ISSN 228 (JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) (Regular Paper) 1 1, 016 1 (JBE Vol. 1, No. 1, January 016) http://dx.doi.org/10.5909/jbe.016.1.1.60 ISSN 87-9137 (Online) ISSN 16-7953 (Print) a), a) An Efficient Method

More information

1. KT 올레스퀘어 미디어파사드 콘텐츠 개발.hwp

1. KT 올레스퀘어 미디어파사드 콘텐츠 개발.hwp Journal of Next-generation Convergence Information Services Technology Vol.4, No.1, June (2015), pp. 1-8 차세대컨버전스정보서비스기술논문지 KT 올레스퀘어 미디어파사드 콘텐츠 개발 Media Fasade Contents Development of KT Olleh Square 김동조

More information

October Vol. 42 13

October Vol. 42 13 12 Journal of Communications & Radio Spectrum October Vol. 42 13 14 Journal of Communications & Radio Spectrum October Vol. 42 15 16 Journal of Communications & Radio Spectrum October Vol. 42 17 18 Journal

More information

Æ÷Àå½Ã¼³94š

Æ÷Àå½Ã¼³94š Cho, Mun Jin (E-mail: mjcho@ex.co.kr) ABSTRACT PURPOSES : The performance of tack coat, commonly used for layer interface bonding, is affected by application rate and curing time. In this study, bonding

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: (NCS) Method of Con

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   (NCS) Method of Con Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.181-212 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.181 (NCS) Method of Constructing and Using the Differentiated National Competency

More information

대한한의학원전학회지26권4호-교정본(1125).hwp

대한한의학원전학회지26권4호-교정본(1125).hwp http://www.wonjeon.org http://dx.doi.org/10.14369/skmc.2013.26.4.267 熱入血室證에 대한 小考 1 2 慶熙大學校大學校 韓醫學科大學 原典學敎室 韓醫學古典硏究所 白裕相1, 2 *117) A Study on the Pattern of 'Heat Entering The Blood Chamber' 1, Baik 1

More information

1

1 Seoul Bar Association 2015. 04. 2015 March_2 03_ 04_ 05_ 06_ 08_ 14_ 19_ 20_ 22_ 24_ 25_ 28_ 30_ 32_ 34_ 38_ 49_ 58_ 59_ 71_ 2 _ The Letter from the executives 2015 April_3 Theme Column 4 _ Conception

More information

*

* JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT & POLICY Korean Institute of Hospital Management 4 17 31 46 65 88 97 104 109 122 128 140 4 17 31 JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT & POLICY 4 5 JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT

More information

27 2, * ** 3, 3,. B ,.,,,. 3,.,,,,..,. :,, : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/21 : 2009/09/30 * ICAD (Institute for Children Ability

27 2, * ** 3, 3,. B ,.,,,. 3,.,,,,..,. :,, : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/21 : 2009/09/30 * ICAD (Institute for Children Ability 27 2, 71-90. 2009. 3 * ** 3, 3,. B 2003 4 2004 2.,.,,,. 3,.,,,,..,. :,, : 2009/09/03 : 2009/09/21 : 2009/09/30 * ICAD (Institute for Children Ability Development) ** ( : heyjun@gmail.com) 72 한국교육문제연구제

More information

#유한표지F

#유한표지F www.yuhan.ac.kr www.yuhan.ac.kr 대 학 요 람 2008 422-749 경기도 부천시 소사구 경인로 636(괴안동 185-34) Tel : 02)2610-0600 / 032)347-0600 유 한 대 학 대학요람 2008 2008 대학요람 설립자 유일한 박사의 숭고한 정신과 철학을 실천하는 대학 눈으로 남을 볼 줄 아는 사람은 훌륭한

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA 박건수 *, 서태영 **, 김종욱 *** ". 요약 Abstract The induction melting furnace using electric generator has been introduced since 1920s, and it began to be widely applied to industrial applications due to increasing

More information

- i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - 1) 통계청고시제 2010-150 호 (2010.7.6 개정, 2011.1.1 시행 ) - 4 - 요양급여의적용기준및방법에관한세부사항에따른골밀도검사기준 (2007 년 11 월 1 일시행 ) - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 -

More information

<B8F1C2F72E687770>

<B8F1C2F72E687770> Transactions of the KSNVE, 23(12) : 1056~1065, 2013 23 12, pp. 1056~1065, 2013 http://dx.doi.org/10.5050/ksnve.2013.23.12.1056 ISSN 1598-2785(Print), ISSN 2287-5476(Online) A Study on the Improvement Plan

More information

135 Jeong Ji-yeon 심향사 극락전 협저 아미타불의 제작기법에 관한 연구 머리말 협저불상( 夾 紵 佛 像 )이라는 것은 불상을 제작하는 기법의 하나로써 삼베( 麻 ), 모시( 苧 ), 갈포( 葛 ) 등의 인피섬유( 靭 皮 纖 維 )와 칠( 漆 )을 주된 재료

135 Jeong Ji-yeon 심향사 극락전 협저 아미타불의 제작기법에 관한 연구 머리말 협저불상( 夾 紵 佛 像 )이라는 것은 불상을 제작하는 기법의 하나로써 삼베( 麻 ), 모시( 苧 ), 갈포( 葛 ) 등의 인피섬유( 靭 皮 纖 維 )와 칠( 漆 )을 주된 재료 MUNHWAJAE Korean Journal of Cultural Heritage Studies Vol. 47. No. 1, March 2014, pp.134~151. Copyright 2014, National Research Institute of Cultural Heritage 심향사 극락전 협저 아미타불의 제작기법에 관한 연구 정지연 a 明 珍 素 也

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 28(3),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 28(3), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2017 Mar.; 28(3), 163 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.3.163 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) PCB

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jun.; 27(6), 495 503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.6.495 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Design

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jun.; 27(6), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jun.; 276), 504511. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.6.504 ISSN 1226-3133 Print)ISSN 2288-226X Online) Near-Field

More information

CONTENTS 숭실사이버대학교 소개 04 05 06 08 10 총장 인사말 교육이념 및 비전 콘텐츠의 특징 숭실사이버대학교 역사 숭실사이버대학교를 선택해야 하는 이유 숭실사이버대학교 학과 소개 1 1 학과 소개 30 연계전공 & 신 편입생 모집안내 숭실사이버대학교 C

CONTENTS 숭실사이버대학교 소개 04 05 06 08 10 총장 인사말 교육이념 및 비전 콘텐츠의 특징 숭실사이버대학교 역사 숭실사이버대학교를 선택해야 하는 이유 숭실사이버대학교 학과 소개 1 1 학과 소개 30 연계전공 & 신 편입생 모집안내 숭실사이버대학교 C CONTENTS 숭실사이버대학교 소개 04 05 06 08 10 총장 인사말 교육이념 및 비전 콘텐츠의 특징 숭실사이버대학교 역사 숭실사이버대학교를 선택해야 하는 이유 숭실사이버대학교 학과 소개 1 1 학과 소개 30 연계전공 & 신 편입생 모집안내 숭실사이버대학교 Campus Life 31 동아리 활동 및 문화탐방 32 숭실사이버대학교와 추억을 나눈 사람들

More information

<31362DB1E8C7FDBFF82DC0FABFB9BBEA20B5B6B8B3BFB5C8ADC0C720B1B8C0FC20B8B6C4C9C6C32E687770>

<31362DB1E8C7FDBFF82DC0FABFB9BBEA20B5B6B8B3BFB5C8ADC0C720B1B8C0FC20B8B6C4C9C6C32E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 13, No. 4 pp. 1525-1531, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.4.1525 저예산 독립영화의 구전 마케팅을 위한 스마트폰 모바일 애플리케이션 모델 개발 연구 김혜원 1* 1 청운대학교

More information

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF

歯5-2-13(전미희외).PDF The Korean Journal of Counseling 2004, Vol. 5, No. 2, 423-434,. 4 5 18 9, 9.,,,,,.,,, t-.. :,,, (,, 1996),.,,. (, 2001),... 88 98 2000, 88 12.5%(250 )98 35.6%(712 )2.8 (,,, 2001) (Corresponding Author)

More information

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의

Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 라이프스타일은 개인 생활에 있어 심리적 문화적 사회적 모든 측면의 생활방식과 차이 전체를 말한다. 이러한 라이프스 타일은 사람의 내재된 가치관이나 욕구, 행동 변화를 파악하여 소비행동과 심리를 추측할 수 있고, 개인의 RESEARCH ARTICLE Kor. J. Aesthet. Cosmetol., 한국 중년 여성의 라이프스타일이 메이크업 추구이미지와 화장품 구매행동에 미치는 영향 주영주 1 *, 이순희 2 1 서경대학교대학원미용예술학과, 2 신성대학교 미용예술계열 The Effects of The Life Style for Korean Middle Aged Women on

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Oct.; 27(10),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Oct.; 27(10), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Oct.; 27(10), 926 934. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.10.926 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Multi-Function

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI: 3 * Effects of 9th

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp DOI:   3 * Effects of 9th Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2019, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp.357-378 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.29.2.201906.357 3 * Effects of 9th Grade Students Participation in Career Curriculum Cluster

More information

인문사회과학기술융합학회

인문사회과학기술융합학회 Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.5, No.4, August (2015), pp.333-342 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2015.08.73 여대생의 건강위험행위 구조모형 전정희 1) A

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: A study on Characte

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   A study on Characte Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.381-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.381 A study on Characteristics of Action Learning by Analyzing Learners Experiences

More information

-07-......

-07-...... A Depth Interview on Qualification, Role, and Professionalism of Infant/Toddler Teachers Department of Child & Family Studies, Kyung Hee University Associate Professor : Ahn, Sun Hee Department of Early

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI: * Experiences of Af

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp DOI:   * Experiences of Af Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2016, Vol. 26, No. 2, pp.201-229 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.26.2.201608.201 * Experiences of After-school Class Caring by Married Early Childhood

More information

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ

Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in Univ Analysis of objective and error source of ski technical championship Jin Su Seok 1, Seoung ki Kang 1 *, Jae Hyung Lee 1, & Won Il Son 2 1 yong in University & 2 Kang Won University [Purpose] [Methods]

More information

디지털포렌식학회 논문양식

디지털포렌식학회 논문양식 ISSN : 1976-5304 http://www.kdfs.or.kr Virtual Online Game(VOG) 환경에서의 디지털 증거수집 방법 연구 이 흥 복, 정 관 모, 김 선 영 * 대전지방경찰청 Evidence Collection Process According to the Way VOG Configuration Heung-Bok Lee, Kwan-Mo

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI: : - Qualitative Met

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp DOI:   : - Qualitative Met Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp.369-397 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.2.201806.369 : - Qualitative Meta-Synthesis on Child-Nurturing Experiences of Female

More information

,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006;

,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012). (2007) 26%., (,,, 2011;, 2006; ,,.. 400,,,,,,.,,, -, -, -., 3.. :, Tel : 010-9540-0640, E-mail : sunney05@hanmail.net ,,,.,,,, (, 2013).,.,, (,, 2011). (, 2007;, 2008), (, 2005;,, 2007).,, (,, 2010;, 2010), (2012),,,.. (, 2011:,, 2012).

More information

14.531~539(08-037).fm

14.531~539(08-037).fm G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jul.; 27(7),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Jul.; 27(7), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 Jul.; 27(7), 625634. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.7.625 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Near-Field

More information

다문화 가정의 부모

다문화 가정의 부모 영유아아동정신건강연구 Korean Journal for Infant Mental Health 2013, Vol. 6, No. 1, 57-84 영유아기정서및행동문제에대한 부모와일반교사의인식및지원욕구조사 - 57 - 영유아아동정신건강연구 6 권 1 호 - 58 - 영유아기정서및행동문제에대한부모와일반교사의인식및지원욕구조사 - 59 - 영유아아동정신건강연구 6 권

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE May; 27(5),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE May; 27(5), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2016 May; 27(5), 454462. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2016.27.5.454 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Research

More information

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu

878 Yu Kim, Dongjae Kim 지막 용량수준까지도 멈춤 규칙이 만족되지 않아 시행이 종료되지 않는 경우에는 MTD의 추정이 불가 능하다는 단점이 있다. 최근 이 SM방법의 단점을 보완하기 위해 O Quigley 등 (1990)이 제안한 CRM(Continu 한 국 통 계 학 회 논 문 집 2012, 19권, 6호, 877 884 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5351/ckss.2012.19.6.877 Maximum Tolerated Dose Estimation Applied Biased Coin Design in a Phase Ⅰ Clinical Trial Yu Kim a, Dongjae Kim

More information

3. 클라우드 컴퓨팅 상호 운용성 기반의 서비스 평가 방법론 개발.hwp

3. 클라우드 컴퓨팅 상호 운용성 기반의 서비스 평가 방법론 개발.hwp 보안공학연구논문지 Journal of Security Engineering Vol.11, No.4 (2014), pp.299-312 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/jse.2014.08.03 클라우드 컴퓨팅 상호 운용성 기반의 서비스 평가 방법론 개발 이강찬 1), 이승윤 2), 양희동 3), 박철우 4) Development of Service

More information

통계연구 (2010), 제 15 권제 2 호, 한국의일상생활에서남녀의수면시간과관련요인탐색 은기수 1) 차승은 2) 요약 수면은생물학적현상으로하루 24시간의일상생활중단위활동으로는가장많은시간을차지하는활동가운데하나이다. 그러나현대사회가 24/7 사회로진전되고개인

통계연구 (2010), 제 15 권제 2 호, 한국의일상생활에서남녀의수면시간과관련요인탐색 은기수 1) 차승은 2) 요약 수면은생물학적현상으로하루 24시간의일상생활중단위활동으로는가장많은시간을차지하는활동가운데하나이다. 그러나현대사회가 24/7 사회로진전되고개인 통계연구 (2010), 제 15 권제 2 호, 82-103 한국의일상생활에서남녀의수면시간과관련요인탐색 은기수 1) 차승은 2) 요약 수면은생물학적현상으로하루 24시간의일상생활중단위활동으로는가장많은시간을차지하는활동가운데하나이다. 그러나현대사회가 24/7 사회로진전되고개인의일상생활이사회적으로구성되면서수면도더이상생물학적현상만으로는이해되지않는다. 가족생활서성에따른역할이다르고노동시장에서의성별노동시간,

More information

1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3. 3 3 1. 3 2. 3 3. 4. 4 1. : 4 2. : (KSVD) 4 3. : 88 5. 36

1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2 3. 3. 3 3 1. 3 2. 3 3. 4. 4 1. : 4 2. : (KSVD) 4 3. : 88 5. 36 , 1965 1994: 3 1965 (Konstfackskolan). 1996. (, 2004) :, (, 2010), 20 (, 2005), :,, (, 2005), 02: (, 2008), (KDF, 2009), (, 2011), (, 2011). ( _, 2011 3 ), : ( 前 史 ) (, 102, 2012). 35 1. 2. 2 1. 2 2. 2

More information

A Study on the Relationships between Self-Differentiation and Adaptability Factors for Senior Dementia Patients Care Givers Department of Social Welfare, Seoul Welfare Graduate University Full-time Lecturer

More information

<333820B1E8C8AFBFEB2D5A6967626565B8A620C0CCBFEBC7D120BDC7BFDC20C0A7C4A1C3DFC1A42E687770>

<333820B1E8C8AFBFEB2D5A6967626565B8A620C0CCBFEBC7D120BDC7BFDC20C0A7C4A1C3DFC1A42E687770> Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society Vol. 13, No. 1 pp. 306-310, 2012 http://dx.doi.org/10.5762/kais.2012.13.1.306 Zigbee를 이용한 실외 위치추정 시스템 구현 김환용 1*, 임순자 1 1 원광대학교 전자공학과 Implementation

More information

Æ÷Àå82š

Æ÷Àå82š Lee, Kyungbae (E-mail : kblee6078@ex.co.kr) Lee, Jaehoon (E-mail : ranian74@ex.co.kr) Sohn, Duecksu (E-mail : mgsds@ex.co.kr) Kwon, Soonmin (E-mail : soonmini2@ex.co.kr) ABSTRACT PURPOSES : The purpose

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 4, August, 30, 2016:319~332 Received: 2016/07/28, Accepted: 2016/08/28 Revised: 2016/08/27, Published: 2016/08/30 [ABSTRACT] This paper examined what determina

More information

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong

Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong Analyses the Contents of Points per a Game and the Difference among Weight Categories after the Revision of Greco-Roman Style Wrestling Rules Han-bong An 1 & Kyoo-jeong Choi 2 * 1 Korea National Wrestling

More information

18.hwp

18.hwp Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology Vol.7, No.3, March (2017), pp. 183-190 http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/ajmahs.2017.03.84 전화상담목소리분석을통한신용파라미터추출에관한연구

More information

歯1.PDF

歯1.PDF 200176 .,.,.,. 5... 1/2. /. / 2. . 293.33 (54.32%), 65.54(12.13%), / 53.80(9.96%), 25.60(4.74%), 5.22(0.97%). / 3 S (1997)14.59% (1971) 10%, (1977).5%~11.5%, (1986)

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 30(3),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 30(3), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2019 Mar.; 30(3), 223 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2019.30.3.223 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print) ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis

More information

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( :

27 2, 17-31, , * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** ( : 27 2, 17-31, 2009. -, * ** ***,. K 1 2 2,.,,,.,.,.,,.,. :,,, : 2009/08/19 : 2009/09/09 : 2009/09/30 * 2007 ** *** (: dminkim@cau.ac.kr) 18 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. Ⅰ. (,,, 2004). (,, 2006).,,, (Myrick,

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 25(3),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Mar.; 25(3), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2014 Mar.; 25(3), 304310. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2014.25.3.304 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) Analysis

More information

Æ÷Àå82š

Æ÷Àå82š Yun, Ilsoo (E-mail : ilsooyun@ajou.ac.kr) Oh, Cheol (E-mail : cheolo@hanyang.ac.k) Ahn, Hyunkyung (E-mail : anhyunkyung@ajou.ac.kr) Kim, Kyunghyun (E-mail : kk6661@ajou.ac.kr) Han, Eum (E-mail : hano3106@ajou.ac.kr)

More information

1-....1

1-....1 RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR HEALTHCARE POLICY KOREAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 2003. 4 RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR HEALTHCARE POLICY KOREAN MEDICAL A CONTENTS 008 011 023 029 041 SOCIATION Vol. 1, No. 2 051 093 097 102

More information

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA

DBPIA-NURIMEDIA Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 한국정보통신학회논문지(J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng.) Vol. 19, No. 5 : 1031~1039 May. 2015 정보보호 산업의 경제적 파급효과 및 기여도 분석 김방룡 1 홍재표 2* Economic

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI: : A basic research

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp DOI:   : A basic research Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2017, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp.379-404 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.27.3.201709.379 : A basic research for the after-school forest activities program models:

More information

04 최진규.hwp

04 최진규.hwp THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2015 Aug.; 26(8), 710717. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2015.26.8.710 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) RF ESPAR

More information

(5차 편집).hwp

(5차 편집).hwp (215), 54(1), 17-3 211 STEAM,.. STEAM, STEAM, 5~6 11.,., 5~6...,. (, 21)., 29. (,, 212). 211 STEAM * :, E-mail: njkwon@hanmail.net http://dx.doi.org/1.15812/ter.54.1.2153.17 (215), 54(1), 17-3,. (Arts)

More information

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 28(2),

THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE Feb.; 28(2), THE JOURNAL OF KOREAN INSTITUTE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE. 2017 Feb.; 28(2), 129138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5515/kjkiees.2017.28.2.129 ISSN 1226-3133 (Print)ISSN 2288-226X (Online) PT- Doppler

More information

118 김정민 송신철 심규철 을 미치기 때문이다(강석진 등, 2000; 심규철 등, 2001; 윤치원 등, 2005; 하태경 등, 2004; Schibeci, 1983). 모둠 내에서 구성원들이 공동으 로 추구하는 학습 목표의 달성을 위하여 각자 맡은 역할에 따라 함께

118 김정민 송신철 심규철 을 미치기 때문이다(강석진 등, 2000; 심규철 등, 2001; 윤치원 등, 2005; 하태경 등, 2004; Schibeci, 1983). 모둠 내에서 구성원들이 공동으 로 추구하는 학습 목표의 달성을 위하여 각자 맡은 역할에 따라 함께 과학교육연구지,37권 1호,pp.117-130(2013.5) Jour.Sci.Edu,Vol.37,No.1,pp.117-130(2013.5) 생물 학습을 위한 고등학생 소집단과 교사의 면담에서 나타나는 상호작용 유형 분석 김정민 송신철 1 심규철 2 * 환경생태교육연구소 1 경기신길고등학교 2 공주대학교 The Patterns of Interaction in

More information

µðÇÃÇ¥Áö±¤°í´Ü¸é

µðÇÃÇ¥Áö±¤°í´Ü¸é Review 2 2013 JAN.FEB. vol. 23 Display Focus 3 Review 4 2013 JAN.FEB. vol. 23 Display Focus 5 Review 6 2013 JAN.FEB. vol. 23 Display Focus 7 Review 8 2013 JAN.FEB. vol. 23 Display Focus 9 Preview 2013.1

More information

01-..../....L265..

01-..../....L265.. Vol. 2, No. 4 2004. RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR HEALTHCARE POLICY KOREAN MEDICAL ASSO RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR HEALTHCARE POLICY KOREAN MEDICAL ASSO CONTENTS 008 013 022 027 031 038 045 051 CIATION Vol. 2, No.

More information

<32382DC3BBB0A2C0E5BED6C0DA2E687770>

<32382DC3BBB0A2C0E5BED6C0DA2E687770> 논문접수일 : 2014.12.20 심사일 : 2015.01.06 게재확정일 : 2015.01.27 청각 장애자들을 위한 보급형 휴대폰 액세서리 디자인 프로토타입 개발 Development Prototype of Low-end Mobile Phone Accessory Design for Hearing-impaired Person 주저자 : 윤수인 서경대학교 예술대학

More information

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI: : A Study on the Ac

Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp DOI:   : A Study on the Ac Journal of Educational Innovation Research 2018, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp.269-293 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21024/pnuedi.28.1.201803.269 : A Study on the Actual Condition of Character Education in Early Childhood

More information

03-서연옥.hwp

03-서연옥.hwp 농업생명과학연구 49(4) pp.31-37 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 49(4) pp.31-37 Print ISSN 1598-5504 Online ISSN 2383-8272 http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.4.31 국가산림자원조사 자료를 적용한 충남지역 사유림경영율 추정 서연옥

More information

10 이지훈KICS2015-03-068.hwp

10 이지훈KICS2015-03-068.hwp 논문 15-40-05-10 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '15-05 Vol.40 No.05 http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2015.40.5.851 가로등 인프라를 활용한 안전한 스마트 방범 시스템 차 정 화, 이 주 용 *, 이

More information

54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, I. 1.,,,,,,, (, 1998). 14.2% 16.2% (, ), OECD (, ) % (, )., 2, 3. 3

54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, I. 1.,,,,,,, (, 1998). 14.2% 16.2% (, ), OECD (, ) % (, )., 2, 3. 3 27 2, 53-70, 2009. (Nursing Home) * ** (Nursing Home). 5 50 5 2 1,,,,, SPSS t.,,,,,,,. :,, : 2009/08/27 : 2009/09/24 : 2009/09/30 * ** (: hjkim@daelim.ac.kr) 54 한국교육문제연구제 27 권 2 호, 2009. I. 1.,,,,,,, (,

More information

<372E20B9DAC0B1C8F12DB0E62E687770>

<372E20B9DAC0B1C8F12DB0E62E687770> 7 사회과학연구 2010; 36(2) Journal of Social Science Vol.36, No.2, 2010; 45-69 사 회 과 학 연 구 의원 웹사이트의 네트워크 분석에 관한 연구 : 17대 국회의원과 7대 서울시의회 의원 웹사이트 비교 분석을 중심으로 박윤희 (Yun-Hee Park) 동국대학교 정치학과 박사과정 수료 mihoo@hanmail.net

More information