오륙도의 해조 군집 961. Kang (1966),,,, 5. (Kang, 1966), (Kang et al., 2008). Nam and Kim (1999), Yoo (2003a, 2003b), Choi (2007), Kang et al. (2008), Choi et
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1 한수지 47(6), , 2014 Original Article Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(6), ,2014 부산시 오륙도 주변 해역의 해조 군집 최정화 최창근 1 * 국립수산과학원 자원관리과, 1 부경대학교 생태공학과 Marine Algal Communities around Oryukdo, Busan, Korea Jung Hwa Choi and Chang Geun Choi 1 * Fisheries Resources Research Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan , Korea 1 Department of Ecological Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan , Korea Marine algal flora and community structure were seasonally investigated at Oryukdo, on the southeast coast of Korea, from March 2011 to February A Total of 66 seaweed species including 6 green, 7 brown and 53 red algae were identified and 23 species were found throughout the survey period. Seaweed biomass was maximal during summer in 2012 ( g wet weight m -2 ) and minimal in winter in 2012 (9.1 g wet weight m -2 ). The dominant species in term of biomass were Undaria pinnatifida, Dictyopteris prolifera, Dictyota dichotoma, Sargassum horneri, Rhodymenia intricata, polyneurum, and Polyneura japonica during the suvery period. The flora could be classified into six functional groups: coarsely branched form (30.3%), filamentous form (24.2%), thick leather form (19.7%), sheet form (15.2%), jointed calcareous form (7.6%), and crustose form (3.0%). The numbers of marine algal species in the Oryukdo area were markedly reduced when compared with previous studies at Dongbaekseom in These results suggest possible future changes in the algal vegetation, considering the physical and chemical pollution loadings in the coastal marine environment of this area. Key words: Community, Flora, Functional group, Marine algal, Oryukdo, Reduce 서 론.,,,,, (Choi et al., 2008)., 6 (Kim et al., 2012). 30 m.,, (Choi, 2007).,,,. (Kim et al., 2012),. (Thompson et al., 1996; Bates and DeWreede, 2007), (Russell et al., 2009). Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 47(6) , December 2014 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licens ( permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Received 7 November 2014; Revised 28 November 2014; Accepted 9 December 2014 *Corresponding author: Tel: Fax: address: cgchoi@pknu.ac.kr Copyright 2014 The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 960 pissn: , eissn:
2 오륙도의 해조 군집 961. Kang (1966),,,, 5. (Kang, 1966), (Kang et al., 2008). Nam and Kim (1999), Yoo (2003a, 2003b), Choi (2007), Kang et al. (2008), Choi et al. (2010), Yoo et al. (2013), ,. 재료 및 방법 (Fig. 1). 0.5 m 0.5 m. - (5-10%)... (m 2 )., (Kang, 1968; Lee and Kang, 1986, 2002), (Yoshida et al., 1995). Lee and Kang (2002). (similarity), group-average. 30 PRIMER (Plymouth Routines Multivariate Ecological Research) computer package (dendrogram) 20 (MDS) (Clarke and Gorley, 2006). 10 Littler and Littler (1984) 6. No. of Species 종조성 결 과 66, 6 (9.1%), 7 (10.6%), % (Table 1) , 5, 34 41, , 5, , 3, 6, (2011 ) 35 (2012 ) 60, 70 (Fig. 2). 3 Similarity Busan KOREA Sampling Site St. 1 St. 2 Oryukdo St. 3 St. 4 St. 5 St Fig. 1. The map showing sampling sites of marine algal benthic algae in Oryukdo area, Korea. 80 Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi Date Sp 2013-Wi 2013-Sp 2013-Su 2013-Au 2011-Wi 2012-Au 2012-Sp 2012-Wi 2012-Su 2011-Su 2011-Au
3 962 No. of Species (Ulva pertusa), (Undaria pinnatifida), 20 (Dictyopteris prolifera), (Dictyota dichotoma), (Sargassum horneri), 10 (Gelidium elegans), (Corallina pilulifera), (Grateloupia lanceolata), (Prionitis 0 50 cornea), (Callophyllis crispata), Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi (Plocamium telfairiae), (Gracilaria textorii), (Chondracanthus intermedia), (Rhodymenia intricata), (Lomentaria catenata), Date 70 (Herpochondria 80 elegans), ( polyneurum), (A. ciliolatum), 90 (Polyneura japonica), (Dasysiphonia japonica), (Heterosiphonia 100 pulchra), ( latiuscula), (S. marchantioides), 23 (Table 1). Similarity KOREA BusanSampling Site St. 5 St St Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi 2011-Sp Date 2013-Wi 2013-Sp 2013-Su 2013-Au 2011-Wi 2012-Au 2012-Sp 2012-Wi 2012-Su 최정화ㆍ최창근 Fig. 2. Number of marine benthic algal species at study sites according to the survey period. 40 Sp, Spring; Su, Summer; Au, Autumn; Wi, Winter. No. of Species KOREA Sampling Site St. 2 Oryukdo St. 3 St. 4 St. 5 St Su 2011-Au No. of Species 0., Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi Sp Su Au Wi, % Date ,, (Fig. 3). 생물량 Tables , (P. japonica) ~ g m -2 1 ( ) g m ( ) (A. polyneurum, g m ), (R. intricata, g m -2 ), 3 ( ) (D. 60 dichotoma, g m -2 ) (Table 2). 6 ( ) g m -2, g m (G. 90 textorii) g m -2., (P. cornea) 52.2 g m -2, 38.2 g m -2., 5 ( ) (U. pinnatifida) 50.0 g m -2, (D. prolifera) 72.5 g m -2, 48.8 g m -2, g m g m -2, (G. lanceolata) g m -2 (Table 3). 2 3 (S. horneri) g m g m ,774.3 g Similarity Sp 2013-Wi 2013-Sp 2013-Su 2013-Au 2011-Wi 2012-Au 2012-Sp 2012-Wi 2012-Su 2011-Su 2011-Au Sp 2012-Wi Stress : 0.15 Similarity Su 2012-Au 2013-Su 2013-Au 2011-Wi 2012-Sp 2013-Wi Sp 2013-Wi 2013-Sp 2013-Su 2013-Au 2011-Wi 2013-Sp 2012-Au 2012-Sp 2012-Wi 2012-Su 2011-Su Stress : Au 2011-Au 2011-Su 2011-Sp 2012-Su 2012-Wi Fig. 3. Dendrogram for hierarchical clustering 2012-Au 2013-Suof macroalgal assemblage based on Bray Curtis similarity and multidimensional scaling (MDS) ordination Au Sp, Spring; Su, Summer; Au, Autumn; Wi, Winter Wi 2011-Wi 2012-Sp 2011-Au 2011-Su 2011-Sp
4 오륙도의 해조 군집 963 Table 1. A list of marine algal species investigated at study sites according to the survey period Species Total Ulva pertusa Ulva sp. + Cladophora sp. + Bryopsis plumosa + Codium hubbsii + Derbesia marina + Undaria pinnatifida Dictyopteris divaricata + + Dictyopteris prolifera Dictyota dichotoma Rugulopteryx okamurae + Sargassum horneri Sargassum sp. + Gelidium elegans Pterocladiella capillacea + Peyssonnelia caulifera + Lithophyllum okamurae + Alatocladia modesta + + Amphiroa anceps + + Amphiroa beauvoisii + + Corallina officinalis + Corallina pilulifera Grateloupia elliptica + Grateloupia filicina + Grateloupia lanceolata Grateloupia sparsa + Grateloupia turuturu + Grateloupia sp. + Prionitis cornea Callophyllis adnata + + Callophyllis crispata Caulacanthus ustulatus + + Plocamium telfairiae Gracilaria textorii Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis + + Ahnfeltiopsis sp. + Chondrus ocellatus + + Chondracanthus intermedia Chondracanthus tenellus + + Table 1. Continued Species Total Rhodymenia intricata Lomentaria catenata Antithamnion cristirhizophorum + Antithamnion nipponicum + Antithamnion sp. + Ceramium japonicum + + Ceramium kondoi + Ceramium tenerrimum + Ceramium sp. + + Herpochondria elegans Herpochondria pygmaea + Pterothamnion yezoense + ciliolatum flabellatum + polyneurum venulosum + sp. + Polyneura japonica Dasysiphonia japonica Heterosiphonia pulchra Heterosiphonia sp. + Chondria crassicaulis + Laurencia sp. + Polysiphonia morrowii + + latiuscula marchantioides pumila Total m -2, 2 1,117.4 g m -2, g m -2., g m -2 1,118.5 g m -2, (D. dichotoma) g m g m -2, g m -2, g m ( ) g m g m -2,. 2013
5 964 최정화ㆍ최창근 Table 2. Change of biomass (wet wt. g m -2 ) of marine algal species investigated at study sites in 2011 Species Spring Summer Autumn Winter Ulva pertusa Bryopsis plumosa Undaria pinnatifida Dictyopteris prolifera Dictyota dichotoma Rugulopteryx okamurae 79.1 Sargassum horneri Gelidium elegans Pterocladiella capillacea Alatocladia modesta Amphiroa anceps Corallina pilulifera Grateloupia filicina 1.3 Grateloupia lanceolata 2.5 Prionitis cornea Callophyllis adnata Callophyllis crispata Plocamium telfairiae Gracilaria textorii , Bangpaeseom; 2, Solseom; 3, Suriseom; 4, Songgokseom; 5, Gulseom; 6, Deungdeaseom. 0.2
6 오륙도의 해조 군집 965 Table 2. Continued Species Ahnfeltiopsis sp. Chondrus ocellatus Chondracanthus intermedia Chondracanthus tenellus Rhodymenia intricata Lomentaria catenata Ceramium japonicum Herpochondria elegans Herpochondria pygmaea Pterothamnion yezoense flabellatum polyneurum ciliolatum Polyneura japonica Heterosiphonia pulchra Heterosiphonia sp. Spring Summer Autumn Winter Chondria crassicaulis 0.4 latiuscula marchantioides , Bangpaeseom; 2, Solseom; 3, Suriseom; 4, Songgokseom; 5, Gulseom; 6, Deungdeaseom.
7 966 최정화ㆍ최창근 Table 3. Change of biomass (wet wt. g m -2 ) of marine algal species investigated at study sites in 2012 Species Spring Summer Autumn Winter Ulva pertusa Codium hubbsii Derbesia marina Undaria pinnatifida Dictyopteris divaricata 21.6 Dictyopteris prolifera Dictyota dichotoma Sargassum horneri Gelidium elegans Peyssonnelia caulifera 3.7 Alatocladia modesta Amphiroa anceps Amphiroa beauvoisii Corallina officinalis 2.0 Corallina pilulifera Grateloupia elliptica Grateloupia lanceolata Prionitis cornea Callophyllis adnata , Bangpaeseom; 2, Solseom; 3, Suriseom; 4, Songgokseom; 5, Gulseom; 6, Deungdeaseom.
8 오륙도의 해조 군집 967 Table 3. Continued Species Spring Summer Autumn Winter Callophyllis crispata Caulacanthus ustulatus Plocamium telfairiae Gracilaria textorii Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis Chondrus ocellatus Chondracanthus intermedia Chondracanthus tenellus Rhodymenia intricata Lomentaria catenata Ceramium japonicum 1.3 Herpochondria elegans polyneurum ciliolatum 2.6 venulosum 5.0 Polyneura japonica , , Heterosiphonia japonica Polysiphonia morrowii latiuscula 0.2 marchantioides , Bangpaeseom; 2, Solseom; 3, Suriseom; 4, Songgokseom; 5, Gulseom; 6, Deungdeaseom.
9 968 최정화ㆍ최창근 Table 4. Change of biomass (wet wt. g m -2 ) of marine algal species investigated at study sites in 2013 Species Spring Summer Autumn Winter Ulva pertusa Cladophora sp. 0.8 Undaria pinnatifida Dictyopteris divaricata Dictyopteris prolifera Dictyota dichotoma Sargassum horneri Sargassum sp Gelidium elegans Amphiroa anceps Corallina pilulifera Grateloupia lanceolata Grateloupia sp Prionitis cornea Callophyllis crispata Caulacanthus ustulatus 4.6 Plocamium telfairiae Gracilaria textorii Ahnfeltiopsis flabelliformis 2.4 Chondracanthus intermedia , Bangpaeseom; 2, Solseom; 3, Suriseom; 4, Songgokseom; 5, Gulseom; 6, Deungdeaseom. 0.4
10 오륙도의 해조 군집 969 Table 4. Continued Species Rhodymenia intricata Lomentaria catenata Antithamnion cristirhizophorum Spring Summer Autumn Winter Herpochondria elegans polyneurum ciliolatum Polyneura japonica Dasysiphonia japonica Heterosiphonia pulchra 1.7 Polysiphonia morrowii latiuscula marchantioides pumila 1.2 1,Bangpaeseom; 2, Solseom; 3, Suriseom; 4, Songgokseom; 5, Gulseom; 6, Deungdeaseom.
11 970 최정화ㆍ최창근 g m -2, g m -2, 92.1 g m g m -2, g m -2, g m -2, g m g m -2, 1, 3, g m -2, g m -2, g m -2. ( g m -2, g m -2 ), ( 2, g m -2 ), ( g m -2, g m -2 )., ( 1, g m -2 ), ( 1, g m -2 ), ( 1, 98.8 g m -2 )..,.,,,,,. 기능형 군 6, 30.3%, 24.2%, 19.7%, 15.2%, 7.6%, 3.0% (Table 5)., %, %. (ecological state group, ESG), ESG I 20 (30.3%), ESG II 46 Table 5. Composition ratio (%) of marine algal functional form group at study sites according to the survey period Functional Form Total Coarsely-branched form Filamentous form Thick-leathery form Sheet form Joint-calcareous form Crustose form %. 고 찰 (Nam and Kim, 1999) (Kang et al., 2008), (Yoo, 2003a), (Yoo, 2003b), (Choi, 2007), (Yoo et al., 2013), (Shin et al., 2014) (Table 6). Nam and Kim (1999) 35,,,,,,,,,,. (Fig. 2), (Round, 1981). (Choi, 2007) (,,,,,,,,,, ),. Yoo (2003a, 2003b), Table 6. Marine benthic algal species investigated at vicinity area in previous and this study Total References Nam and Kim (1999) Yoo (2003a) Yoo (2003b) Choi (2007) Kang et al. (2008) Yoo et al. (2013) Shin et al. (2014) This study
12 오륙도의 해조 군집 971. (Fig. 3).,,.,, g m g m -2, 68.7 g m g m -2, 21.0 g m g m -2, 28.9 g m g m -2. Yoo et al. (2013),., (Ecklonia cava). (Nam and Kim, 1999), (1,648.0 g m -2 ),,. (Kang et al., 2008) g m -2,,,.,, (S. thunbergii), (Chondria crassicaulis),, (Myagropsis myagroides) (Yoo et al., 2013). (Kang et al., 2008),,,,,,,,, (Nam and Kim, 1999),,,,,,,.,,,,, (Sohn, 1987).,,,, (Sohn, 1987; Park et al., 2007). (Choi, 2008; Kwon and Choi, 2014),,,,,,., (34.4%), (25.4%), (24.6%), (9.7%), (5.7%), (0.8%). (30.3%), (24.2%), (19.7%), (15.2%), (7.6%), (3.0%),.,, I (ESG I),,, II (ESG II) (Orfanidis et al., 2001). ESG I 30.3%, ESG II 69.7%, ESG II. Shin et al. (2014), ESG II ESG II., (Nam and Kim, 1999), (Yoo, 2003a), (Yoo, 2003b), (Choi, 2007), (Kang et al., 2008), (Yoo et al., 2013), (Shin et al., 2014), 1970 (Lee and Kang, 1971). (Nam and Kim, 1999).,, (Yoo et al., 2013).,.,.,.
13 972 최정화ㆍ최창근. 사 사. References Bates CR and DeWreede RE Do changes in seaweed biodiversity influence associated invertebrate epifauna? J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 344, jembe Choi CG, Chowdhury MTH, Choi IY and Hong YK Marine algal flora and community structure in Kijang on the southern east coast of Korea. J Korean Soc Oceanogr15, Choi CG, Kim JH and Chung IK Temporal variation of seaweed biomass in Korean coasts: Yokjido, Gyeongnam Province. Algae 23, Choi CG Algal flora and Ecklonia stolonifera Okamura (Laminariaceae) population of Youngdo in Busan, Korea. Algae 22, Clarke KR and Gorley RN PRIMER V6: User Manual/ Tutorial. PRIMER-E Ltd, Plymouth, USA, 190. Kang JW On the geographical distribution of marine algae in Korea. Bull Pusan Fish Coll 7, Kang JW Illustrated encyclopedia of fauna & flora of Korea. Vol. 8 Marine algae. Samhwa Press, Seoul, Korea., Kang PJ, Kim YS and Nam KW Flora and community structure of benthic marine algae in Ilkwang Bay, Korea. Algae 23, Kim JY, Kim JN and Choi JH Seasonal variation of species composition in marine organisms at Oryukdo in the southeastern waters off Korea. J Fish Mar Sci Edu 24, Kwon CJ and Choi CG Marine algal flora and community structure in subtidal zone of Wangdol-cho on the east coast of Korea. J Korean Soc Oceanogr 19, dx.doi.org/ /jkso Lee IK and Kang JW A check list of marine algae in Korea. Korean J Phycol 1, Lee YP and Kang SY A catalogue of the seaweeds in Korea. Cheju National University Press, Cheju, Korea, Lee KW. and Kang JW A preliminary survey of the algal flora and communities of Dongbaiksum, Pusan. Publ Mar Lab Pusan Fish Coll 4, Littler MM and Littler DS Relationships between macroalgal functional form groups and substrate stability in a subtropical rocky intertidal system. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 74, Nam KW and Kim YS Benthic marine algal flora and community structure of Yongho dong area in Pusan, Korea. J Korean Fish Soc 32, Orfanidis S, Panayotidis P and Stamatis N Ecological evaluation of transitional and coastal and water; A marine benthic macrophytes- based model. Med Mar Sci 2, Park CS, Wee MY and Hwang EK Summer algal flora of uninhabited islands in Dochodo, southwestern coast of Korea. Algae 22, Round FE The Ecology of algae. Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, UK. Russell BD, Thompson JI, Falkenberg LJ and Connell SD Synergistic effects of climate change and local stressors: CO 2 and nutrient-driven change in subtidal rocky habitats. Glo Cha Biol 15, Shin BK, Kwon CJ, Lee SM and Choi CG Marine algal flora and community structure of Igidea area in Busan, Korea. J Kor Soc Mar Env Saf 20, Sohn CH Phytogeographical characterization and quantitative analysis of algal communities in Korea. Ph.D. Thesis, Chunnam National University, Korea. Thompson RE, Wilson BJ, Tobin ML, Hill AS and Hawkins SJ Biologically generated habitat provision and diversity of rocky shore organisms at a hierarchy of spatial scales. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 202, Yoo JS. 2003a. Biodiversity and community structure of marine benthic organisms in the rocky shore of Dongbaekseom, Busan. Algae 18, Yoo JS. 2003b. Dynamics of marine benthic community in intertidal zone of Seoam, Busan. J Korean Soc Oceanogr 8, Yoo JS, Kim JM and Choi CG Changes of marine algal communities around Gijang Busan, Korea. Kor J Fish Aquat Sci 46, KFAS Yoshida T, Yoshinaga K and Nakajima Y Check list of marine algae of Japan (revised in 1995). Jpn J Phycol 43,
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The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:237~251 Received: 2016/11/20, Accepted: 2016/12/24 Revised: 2016/12/21, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] Recently, there is an increasing
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The e-business Studies Volume 17, Number 6, December, 30, 2016:275~289 Received: 2016/12/02, Accepted: 2016/12/22 Revised: 2016/12/20, Published: 2016/12/30 [ABSTRACT] SNS is used in various fields. Although
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Analysis of Hazardous Fog and Index Development in Korea* Hye-Jin Cho** Abstract : The existing researches related to the fog have focused on mainly the fog itself and its spatial variation. This study
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2015 한국전지학회 춘계학술대회 2일차 한국전지학회 춘계 학술대회(신소재 및 시장동향 관련 주제 발표) 시간 제목 비고 세션 1 차세대 이차전지용 in-situ 분석기술 좌장 : 윤성훈 09:00~09:30 Real-time & Quantitative Analysis of Li-air Battery Materials by In-situ DEMS 김동욱(한국화학연구원)