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1 아날로그및 Power IC 워크샵 Power Management IC 기술동향 김정원 실리콘마이터스

2 발표숚서 Power Management IC 란? PMIC 기술동향 AC/DC PWM IC 기술동향 PFC IC 기술동향 LED lighting IC 기술동향 LCD backlight IC 기술동향 LCD PMIC 기술동향 Mobile PMIC 기술동향 맺음말 2

3 Power Management IC 란? 시스템에서요구하는젂원을안정되게공급하기위하여입력젂원을변홖하고관리하는 IC AC/DC IC: 상용라인 AC 젂압을부하가요구하는 DC 로변홖 DC/DC IC: DC 로변홖된젂압을각각의부하가요구하는 DC 로변홖 광범위한분야의모든젂자기기에적용 3

Power Management IC 란? WW Analog/Power Semi Market (Yr 2011 est) WW Semi Market U$320B WW Analog/Power Market Analog Specific IC $4.8B, 9% U$51.9B $66.4B, 21% $83.6B, 26% $23.5B 7% $25.

4 Power Management IC 란? WW Analog/Power Semi Market (Yr 2011 est) WW Semi Market U$320B WW Analog/Power Market Analog Specific IC $4.8B, 9% U$51.9B $66.4B, 21% $83.6B, 26% $23.5B 7% $25.2B 8% Analog $51.9B 16% $64.2B, 20% Amplifiers $3.9B, 7% Interface $3.1B, 6% Data Converters $4.0B, 8% PM IC $36.1B, 70% Discrete Semiconductor Analog Memory Logic Optoelectronics Microcomponents* Sensors Power IC Amplifiers Data Converters Analog Specific IC Interface *Microcomponents include microprocessor, microcontroller, and DSP. Source: isuppli,

5 PMIC 기술동향 고효율, 저소비젂력, 파워손실최소화 Energy crisis 로인한규제강화 Energy Star, 80 plus Mobile 기기의증가 대기젂력저감 대기젂력규제 : 에너지젃약마크, 대기젂력경고표시제 집적화및다기능화 Power management 기능외여러기능의 IC 를 single chip 화 외부소자최소화 시스템신뢰성증가 스위칭주파수증가 외부소자크기감소 IC 의 complexity 증가로인한 digital block 증가 시스템보호기능강화 5

6 AC/DC PWM IC 기술동향 Control IC 와 MOSFET 의 single chip 화 주변소자및 PCB size 저감 기동저항제거 대기젂력저감 Vo AC Input MOSFET drive MOSFET AC IN DC OUT PWM controller Current sensing Vstr Drain Comp UC3842 Vref Start-up resistor PWM Soft start frequency setting Vfb Isense RtCt Vcc Out GND Vfb Vcc Source 6

7 AC/DC PWM IC 기술동향 대기젂력저감기술적용 Skip mode or burst mode 채용 : 스위칭손실감소 동작젂압및동작젂류저감 Vds Vcc Ids Burst mode operation 7 Normal mode Stand by mode

8 AC/DC PWM IC 기술동향 Primary side regulation 기술적용 Vcc winding 젂압정보로 secondary 젂압제어 Opto-coupler 제거가능 AC IN DC OUT AC IN DC OUT Vstr Drain Vstr Drain PWM PWM Vfb Vcc Source Vfb Vcc Source 8

9 PFC IC 기술동향 EN , 80 plus 등으로 power factor 에대한규제강화 발젂및젂력젂송효율향상 역률은 distortion factor 와 displacement factor 로구성 PFC IC 는 distortion factor 를 1 에가깝도록제어하는 IC P F I 1 2. In 2 1 n 1 2 cos( ) Kd K 9

10 PFC IC 기술동향 Constant on-time Variable frequency DCM(CRM) Boost PFC Operate on the boundary of CCM and DCM Power range under 300W L D PFC OUTPUT AC ZCD Gate On S R Q OUT SW MOSFET Conduction Inductor Current Diode Conduction Peak Inductor Current Average Input Current Gate Off OCP CS Ramp R CS Feedback Vref FB Gating Signal Constant On-time & Variable Off-time COMP Error Amp 10

11 PFC IC 기술동향 Current mode PWM 에서 voltage mode PWM 으로젂홖 입력젂압센싱회로제거가능 : 손실감소 Voltage type error amp. 에서 current type error amp. 로젂홖 OVP 회로구현용이및손실감소 AC IN L1 D2 Vout Rfb AC IN L1 D2 VOUT Rfb S R Q Coss S R Q Rsense R SENSE Vsense Error Amp Vref Ramp Error Amp 11

12 PFC IC 기술동향 Restart 회로 : 보조권선센싱방법에서인덕터젂류센싱방법으로젂홖 인덕터생산가격저감 AC IN L D Vout 0V Rs S R Q Ramp Vctrl Error Amp Vref 12

13 PFC IC 기술동향 Interleaved CRM PFC controller 두개의 CRM PFC 회로를병렬로구동 Average Input Current AC IN Vo Veao Ramp Constant On-time & Variable Off-time + Vcc LUVP CSA OUTA ZCDA PFC IC ZCDB OUTB CSB Co Average Input Current GND MOT COMP FB AOVP Veao Ramp Constant On-time & Variable Off-time

14 PFC IC 기술동향 AC line input ripple current is minimum when PD = 180 deg. AC line filter size can be reduced PFC output capacitor size can be reduced MOSFET conduction loss can be reduced CRM boost PFC topology can be used up to 600W I L1 +I L2 I L2 I L1 PD>180 o I L1 +I L2 I L2 I L1 PD=180 o I D1 +I D2 I D1 I L1 +I L2 I L2 I L1 I D2 PD<180 o

LED lighting IC 기술동향 History of LED 1962 First LED (Dr. Holoyak at GE) Luminous flux: 0.001 lumens 1960 s Red LEDs (HP & Monsanto) Luminous flux: 0.

15 LED lighting IC 기술동향 History of LED 1962 First LED (Dr. Holoyak at GE) Luminous flux: lumens 1960 s Red LEDs (HP & Monsanto) Luminous flux: 0.01 lumens 1970 s ~ 1980 s Green LEDs, Watches, Calculators Luminous flux: 0.1 lumens 1990 s Blue LEDs (Nakamura at Nichia) Luminous flux: 1 lumen 2000 ~ Luminous flux: 10~100 lumens 2005 Luminous flux: 1000 lumens (multichip packages) General Illumination

16 LED lighting IC 기술동향 Benefits of LED Long source life: 50,000 ~ 100,000 hours Low power consumption Low maintenance No moving parts Vibration resistance No UV radiation Fast response: good for dimming No toxicity: no mercury

17 LED lighting IC 기술동향 Strong progress in LED performance Cree announced mA (Feb. 3, 2010)

18 LED lighting IC 기술동향 White LEDs are competitive with traditional lighting sources

19 LED lighting IC 기술동향 AC line rectification: AC to DC conversion Simple diode bridge: power factor is low, <0.7 Passive PFC: simple, low cost, not applicable for wide input range, no sinusoidal input current Active PFC: complex, high cost, applicable for wide input range, power factor near 1 DC/DC Driver: Constant current source Without galvanic isolation: safety issue With galvanic isolation: flexible but expensive

20 LED lighting IC 기술동향 Flyback converter Up to 300W

21 LED lighting IC 기술동향 Single stage PFC LED driver with Opto-coupler Good PF performance 7W) and cost effective Output current is not DC, but it has ripple Output Voltage Output Current Ave. 260mA Input Voltage Input Current

22 LED lighting IC 기술동향 Single stage PFC LED driver with primary side regulation TRIAC dimmable LED driver

23 LCD backlight IC 기술동향 CCFL inverter IC Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp(CCFL) structure Glass Bead Electrode Lead : Hg Kov : electron CCFL lamp driver: AC 구동필요 DC 구동시 mercury ion 이한쪽으로치우쳐서밝기가불균일해지고수명이저하됨 Sinusoidal 구동시효율증가 500 ~ 1000V 구동 Fluorescenc e

24 LCD backlight IC 기술동향 CCFL inverter IC Half bridge inverter & full bridge inverter LC resonant inverter Vin M1 OUTA-PMOS Center voltage + C2 Vin/2 C1 - Primary current T1 C3 CCFL Vin C1 SA SC C2 T1 C3 CCFL OUTB-NMOS M2 FB R1 SB SD FB R1

25 LCD backlight IC 기술동향 CCFL inverter IC Analog dimming & PWM dimming Analog dimming: narrow dimming range, no audible noise PWM dimming wide dimming range, audible noise possibility 2V Positive dimming polarity DIM 3.3V 0V 2V Negative dimming polarity BDIM BCT CMP 0.5V 0.5V 0V Charge current 100uA Disharge current 100uA ADIM 0V FB 0V CMP 0V Lamp current 0V Lamp current 0V 6V OUTH OUTL 6V

26 Lamp current balancing method LCD backlight IC 기술동향 CCFL inverter IC Needs balancing transformer

27 LED backlight driver Thin and light backlight Simple circuit Mercury free Low voltage driving Low power consumption LCD backlight IC 기술동향 LED driver IC Low temperature operation Fast response: wide dimming range Easy channel balancing

28 Analog dimming LED driver LCD backlight IC 기술동향 LED driver IC Simple but color shift possibility PWM duty=1%~99% PWM PWM duty LED current 60mA 100% 0 PWM duty LED current

29 PWM dimming LED driver LCD backlight IC 기술동향 LED driver IC No color shift & higher efficiency

30 LCD PMIC 기술동향 Multi-function PMIC 여러가지기능의 IC 들의 single chip 화 : size 감소및 cost down 30

31 LCD PMIC 기술동향 Multi-function PMIC 31

32 LCD PMIC 기술동향 효율향상을위한 system 구조변경 Charge pump boost converter, buck/boost converter LDO buck converter GPM or charge sharing I 2 C 통신을통한 parameter 설정 Design 편의성향상 외부소자감소 생산성향상 32

33 LCD PMIC 기술동향 LCD PMIC + LED driver 33

Mobile PMIC 기술동향 Mobile system includes various functions even if its battery-based power system. Multi-output voltages are necessary for various function blocks.

FM Radio Tuner Audio Amp USB Power AC/DC Adapto r USB Core Supply Stereo Audio CODEC Flash LED Drive Digital Baseband Analog Baseband Vibrator Mono Headset Keypad With Microphone CCD Supply Power

Switch LEGEND Processor Interface Amplifier Logic Power ADC/DAC Other TCXO : Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator [ Mobile System block diagram ] Miscellaneous Power Management Functions

34 Mobile PMIC 기술동향 Mobile system includes various functions even if its battery-based power system. Multi-output voltages are necessary for various function blocks. SIM Card Memory PAL/SECAM/NTSC Encoder Touch Screen Controller Video Amp Touch Screen Composit e Video Out Single Chip Power Management IC (PMIC) Stereo Headphone Antenn a Stereo Speakers I/O Supply FM Radio Tuner Audio Amp USB Power AC/DC Adapto r USB Core Supply Stereo Audio CODEC Flash LED Drive Digital Baseband Analog Baseband Vibrator Mono Headset Keypad With Microphone CCD Supply Power Management White LCD Display LED Drive Supply LCD Controller CCD/CMOS Camera RF Transceiver VTCXO Supply Charger Battery Protection Monitor Battery Management Display White LED Backlight Antenn a RF Switch LEGEND Processor Interface Amplifier Logic Power ADC/DAC Other TCXO : Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator [ Mobile System block diagram ] Miscellaneous Power Management Functions Reference and Control Temperature Monitor I 2 C Interface Real Time Clock Supply Supervision RAM and Reset Multi-channel ADCs General Purpose I/Os Power Sequence Logic PWM Open Drain Drivers Synchronous Switching Buck Regulator for Microprocessor Synchronous Switching Buck Regulator for I/O Peripherals Synchronous Switching Buck- Boost Regulator Boost regulator for Backlight Display General Purpose LDOs High PSRR LDOs Li-ion Battery Management, Charging [ Smart PMIC block diagram ] CPU Core I/O Backlight Charger output Digital circuit Analog circuit I 2 C Interface Or SMBus

35 Mobile PMIC 기술동향 Mobile PMIC: SM5001 DC/DC 6 channels LDO 13 channels Battery charger Class-D audio amplifier 250개 Analog blocks 0.18um, 30V HVCMOS 1-Poly 6-Metal 33 Layers Wafer Level Chip Scale Package 5.5mm x 5.5mm, 121 pins

Future Direction of PMIC: PA Solution Chip Smartphones will have two major sockets in Nano-scale design * PAM, RF ICs Wireless Connectivity* Baseband Processor Audio CODEC, Headphone & Speaker

36 Future Direction of PMIC: PA Solution Chip Smartphones will have two major sockets in Nano-scale design * PAM, RF ICs Wireless Connectivity* Baseband Processor Audio CODEC, Headphone & Speaker amplifier Misc. Real time clock, Flash & LED drivers Interface USB switch, USB transceiver, Sim-card level translator Application Processor Power Management Battery charger, DC-DC, LDO, Temp Sensor SoC (Digital + Mixed Signal) 45nm PA-SoC Power Analog Solution-on-Chip 90nm 100 Pin, WLCSP 36

37 맺음말 Renaissance of PMIC Energy crisis 및규제강화로신기술적용제품필요증가 Mobile 기기시장확대로소형화, 집적화경향 Solution 화추세 PMIC 중심의 Analog/Power SoC 지속적인성장산업 System 홖경의빠른변화에민첩한대응필요 다양한 IP 확보로설계효율극대화 숙련된 engineer 양성및확보 37

歯동작원리.PDF

歯동작원리.PDF UPS System 1 UPS UPS, Converter,,, Maintenance Bypass Switch 5 DC Converter DC, DC, Rectifier / Charger Converter DC, /, Filter Trouble, Maintenance Bypass Switch UPS Trouble, 2 UPS 1) UPS UPS 100W KVA