차세대 WiBro 기술 2006. 02. 24. 이동통신연구단무선시스템연구그룹 휴대인터넷표준연구팀 윤철식
1. 휴대인터넷표준화현황 -2-
IEEE 802.16 & WiMAX Forum 표준화현황 IEEE 802.16 표준화현황 2004. 4Q : IEEE Standard 802.16-2004 승인및발간 (1 Oct. 2004) 2005. 4Q : IEEE 802.16-2004에대한Corrigendum 규격승인 2005. 4Q : IEEE 802.16e 규격승인 2007. 2Q : IEEE 802.16g 최종잠정표준안의 RevCom 제출 2007. 2Q : IEEE 802.16g 규격승인 WiMAX Forum 표준화현황 2005.4Q: NWG Stage 2 규격의 WiMax Forum 이사회승인 2005.4Q: NWG Stage 3 잠정표준안의승인 2006.1Q: NWG Stage 2 & 3 발간 2005.3Q: MTG System Profile 프로젝트 2006.1Q: MTG IOT Document 프로젝트 2006.2Q: MTG RCT 프로젝트 -3-
WiBro 표준화현황 (TTA) TTA 표준화현황및일정계획 2003. 7: TTA 산하에 PG302 ( 휴대인터넷프로젝트그룹 ) 결성 - 무선접속실무반, 서비스및네트워크실무반, IPR Ad Hoc Group, 국제협력 Ad Hoc Group 2004. 3: TTA Phase-I 표준초안채택 2004. 6 : TTA Phase-I 규격승인 2004. 12 : TTA Phase-I 규격의 IEEE 802.16 규격과의호환성유지를위한 1 단계규격수정안승인 2005. 1Q : TTA Phase-II 규격의요소기술제안및평가 2005. 2Q : TTA Phase-II 규격승인목표 2005. 1 : TTA 무선접속실무반내에 IOT/CT Task Force 구성 2005. 1Q-2Q : IOT Basic Profile 작성 2005. 3Q : RCT Specification 작성 2005. 3Q : IOT Specification 작성 2005. 4Q : 사업자 /TTA 중심으로시험규격작성및 CT 진행 -4-
2. WiBro 시스템개요 -5-
WiBro System Architecture Public IP Network AAA Service provider s IP Network HA PSS: Personal Subscriber Station RAS: Radio Access Station ACR : Access Control Router NMS: Network Management System W-LAN AP FA ACR A h I h P h Mobile IP I h ACR A h Interface Reference Point NMS(O&M) U h : PSS-RAS (Defined in WiBro Specification) A h : RAS-ACR P h : ACR-ACR I h : ACR-INTERNET W-LAN RAS U h U h RAS Seamless handover (if MIP supported) Inter RAS Handover Inter ACR Handover PSS PSS PSS PSS = MSS/MS in 802.16e RAS + ACR = BS in 802.16e -6-
Protocol Layer Structure MAC PHY CS SAP Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (CS) MAC SAP MAC Common Part Sublayer (MAC CPS) Privacy Sublayer PHY SAP Physical Layer (PHY) Service Specific Convergence Sublayer (CS) Transformation or mapping of external network data Received through the CS SAP into MAC SDUs received by the MAC CPS through the MAC SAP. This includes classifying external network SDUs and associating them to the proper MAC service flow and CID. Payload header suppression. The MAC CPS Core MAC functionality of system access, Bandwidth allocation Connection establishment Connection maintenance Classified to particular MAC connections. Quality of Service (QoS) Scheduling of data over the PHY. Privacy Sublayer Providing authentication Secure key exchange Encryption. -7-
MAC PDU Construction PHSI Packet PDU PHSI Packet PDU Bandwidth Request PDU MAC SDU MAC SDU MAC SDU #1 MAC SDU #2 BR Header User PDU Fragmentation MAC Header MAC SDU CRC MAC SDU MAC SDU Management PDU MAC PDU Packing MAC Header Management Message Type MAC PDU MAC Management Payload MAC Header Fragmentation Sub-header MAC SDU f1 MAC Header Fragmentation Sub-header MAC SDU f2 MAC PDU MAC PDU MAC Header Packing Sub-header MAC SDU Packing Sub-header MAC SDU MAC PDU -8-
Usage of MAP & Dedicated Feedback Channels Channel Transmission Information Downlink Frame Uplink Frame Tx. Period Remarks FCH Frame Control Header Every Frame General MAP pointing Normal MAP General MAP information Every Frame Sub-DL-UL MAP Pointing Normal MAP Extension for HARQ User Data Burst Allocation If supported, appear in every frame Same AMC with Normal MAP Sub-DL-UL MAP User Data Burst Allocation If needed,. MAP AMC Support Traffic Burst Traffic/Messages Traffic/Messages - Diversity/ Band AMC CQICH Channel Quality Periodic If allocated ACKCH H-ARQ Ack - Implicit Ranging CH Ranging Codes - Uplink synchronization -9-
Ranging and Bandwidth Request Messaging 방식 CDMA 방식 Initial Ranging/ Handover Ranging Periodic Ranging Bandwidth Request Contention-based Contention-based Ο 1 Unicast-polling Unicast-polling Contention-based Contention-based Ο 2 Unicast-polling Ο Unicast-polling Contention-based Contention-based Ο 3 Unicast-polling Ο Unicast-polling Ο 1 : CDMA-based Ranging (status = success 인 RNG-RSP 수신 ) 후, CDMA_Allocation_IE 에할당된 UL 구간으로 RNG-REQ (with MAC Address) 메시지전송 Ο 2 : CDMA-based Ranging 절차만계속 (status = success 가될때까지 ) Ο 3 : CDMA-based Bandwidth Request 용 Code 전송후, CDMA_Allocation_IE 에할당된 UL 구간으로 BW Request Header and/or UL Data 전송 * Handover Ranging 은 Initial Ranging 과같은성격인별도의 Code set 를사용하는 Ranging. -10-
Initial Ranging Procedures (Example) 주의 ) 각 message 의전송타이밍이특정프레임을지정하는것은아님 -11-
WiBro MAC 규격요소기술검토 Sleep Mode Basic Sleep Mode Operation Concept Extended Sleep Mode Functions Idle Mode/Paging/Location Update De-registration Procedure Idle Mode Entering Procedure Fast Network Re-entry MBS Service MBS Server MBS Security Handover/FBSS Fast Handover ARQ Problem during Handover Effective PHY Control HARQ AAS MIMO -12-
3. WiBro Evolution Issues -13-
WiBro 시스템의응용 - Multi-Hop Relay
Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) Purpose Coverage Extension Throughput Enhancement Interface RS<>BS : IEEE 802.16e (No modification of MS functionalities and interface) BS<>RS : MMR-enhanced IEEE 802.16e RS: Relay Station -15-
Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) RS Types Fixed Relay: 고정설치됨. Nomadic Relay: 행사장등에임시적으로설치되어운용됨. Mobile Relay: 버스, 기차등에설치되어이동함. -16-
Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) -17-
WiBro Evolution 의경쟁자 - 3GPP-LTE - IEEE 802.20
3GPP LTE 3GPP LTE Objective [TR 25.913] To develop a framework for the evolution of the 3GPP radio-access techno logy Towards high-data-rate low-latency packet-optimized 3GPP LTE Scope L1 (PHY) Flexible BW up to 20 MHz, New transmission schemes MIMO L2&L3 Signaling optimization RAN architecture RAN Optimization Functional split between CN and RAN RF-related issues -19-
3GPP LTE 3GPP LTE Targets Reference antenna configuration LTE: DL 2x2, UL 1x2 HSDPA: DL 1x1, UL 1x1 Spectrum deployment Both paired and unpaired (FDD and TDD) Possibility of standalone operation Scalable bandwidth 5, 10, 15,20 MHz 1.25, 2.5 MHz considered Peak data rate DL: 100 Mbps/20 MHz (5 bps/hz) with 2 rx ant at UE UL: 50 Mbps/20 MHz (2.5 bps/hz) with 1 tx ant at UE Bandwidth (MHz) 1.25 2.5 5.0 10.0 15.0 20.0 DL peak rate (Mbps) 6.25 12.5 25 50 75 100 UL peak rate (Mbps) 3.125 6.25 12.5 25 37.5 50-20-
3GPP LTE 3GPP LTE Targets Latency User-plane latency (UE Base) 5 ms (unload, small IP packet) C-plane latency (Idle Active) 100 ms Cell capacity At least 200 active users per cell at 5 MHz At least 400 active users per cell at higher BW (> 5 MHz) User throughput Edge user throughput per MHz (5% CDF) 2~3 times HSDPA Average user throughput per MHz 3~4 times HSDPA Spectrum efficiency [bits/sec/hz/site] DL: 3~4 times HSDPA UL: 2~3 times HSDPA -21-
3GPP LTE 3GPP LTE Targets Mobility 0 ~ 15 km/h: Optimum performance 15 ~ 120 km/h: High performance 120 ~ 300 km/h: Functional 300 ~ 500 km/h: Functional (depending on frequency band) Real time (voice) service quality: LTE PS-domain quality = R6 CS-domain quality Coverage Up to 5 km: All performance targets should be met. Up to 30 km User throughput target: slight degradation Spectrum efficiency target: significant degradation Mobility target: satisfied Up to 100 km: not precluded Service requirements Internet services: web-browsing, FTP, video-streaming, VoIP More advanced services: real-time video or push-to-x Enhanced MBMS -22-
3GPP LTE 3GPP LTE Work Plan RAN#30 agreements Multiple Access: DL OFDMA, UL SC-FDMA Uplink macro diversity: Not inter-nodeb, But intra-nodeb 2006.06: Study Item completed (TR) 2007.06: Work Item completed (TS) RAN #27, 9-11 March, Tokyo Work plan agreed TR Structure agreed 1 st st list of requirements RAN#29, 21-23 Sept, Tallin Revised work plan RAN-CN functional split agreed RAN-CN migration scenarios included RAN#31, 8-10 March, China Revised work plan Working assumption on complete conceptmultiple access scheme Channel structure MIMO scheme to be used for evaluation Signalling procedures Mobility details 2005 2006 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun RAN #28, 1-3 June, Quebec Revised Work plan Requirement TR approved deployment scenarios included requirements on migration scenarios included RAN#30, 30 Nov-2 Dec, Malta Revised work plan RAN Architecture including RAN migration scenarios States and state transitions Physical Layer Basics Multiple access scheme Macro-diversity or not RF Scenarios Measurements RAN#32, 31 May- 2 June, TBD Concept TR for approval TR having Stage 2 level of details in order for smooth transition to Work Item phase -23-
IEEE 802.20 Requirements and Overview
802.20 Requirements Characteristic Mobility Sustained spectral efficiency Peak user data rate (DL/UL) Peak aggregate data rate/cell (DL/UL) Peak user data rate (DL/UL) Airlink MAC frame RTT Bandwidth Spectrum Cell Sizes * Targets for 1.25 MHz Channel BW (FDD). Target value Vehicular mobility classes up to 250 km/hr (as defined in ITU-R M.1034-1) > 1 b/s/hz/cell > 1 Mb/s* DL; > 300 kb/s* UL > 4 Mb/s* DL; > 800 kb/s* UL > 1 Mb/s* DL; > 300 kb/s* UL < 10 ms 1.25 MHz/5 MHz/10MHz/15MHz/20MHz < 3.5 GHz TDD/FDD Appropriate for ubiquitous MAN & capable of reusing existing infrastructure -25-
802.20 Overview (1) Adaptive coding and modulation w/ H-ARQ and turbo coding Short retransmission latency Approximately 5.5 ms on Forward and Reverse Link OFDMA Forward Link w/ MIMO support single codeword MIMO with closed loop rate & rank adaptation multi-codeword (layered) MIMO w/ per-layer rate adaptation Peak-rate over 260 Mb/s in 20 MHz (FDD) Quasi orthogonal Reverse Link orthogonal transmission based on OFDMA non-orthogonal transmission w/ multiple receive antennas CDMA control channels Interference management through fractional frequency reuse improved coverage & edge user performance dynamic fractional frequency reuse to optimize bandwidth utilization Source: Qualcomm s Contribution Material to IEEE 802.20 (IEEE C802.20-05-59r1) -26-
802.20 Overview (2) Optimized throughput/fairness tradeoff through power control Distributed power control based on other cell interference Forward Link precoding & SDMA MISO/MIMO closed loop precoding with low-rate feedback Combined precoding and space division multiple access Subband scheduling Enhanced performance on Forward & Reverse Link Multi-user diversity gains for latency sensitive traffic CDMA Reverse Link control segment Statistical multiplexing of various Reverse Link control channels Fast access with reduced overhead and fast request Broadband reference for power control and subband scheduling Efficient handoff support Scalable design w/ an arbitrary bandwidth within 5 20 MHz Source: Qualcomm s Contribution Material to IEEE 802.20 (IEEE C802.20-05-59r1) -27-
WiBro Evolution Standardization Roadmap
WiBro Evolution Standardization WiBro Evolution 의목표 WiBro 상용화이후의실현가능한 Evolution Path 를제시 WiBro 상용시스템의 Reusability 극대화 경쟁기술 (IEEE 802.20, 3GPP-LTE 등 ) 대비성능의우수성을담보할수있는규격의개발 표준화완료및상용화시점은경쟁기술과비슷한시기에달성 성능목표 : 고속이동성지원 : ~ 300 km/hr 가변대역폭지원 : 10/20/40 MHz Scalable 대역폭지원 전송효율 : ~ 10 b/s/hz/cell Overhead 비율 : 경쟁기술대비동등또는저감 (~ 35% total) -29-
Standardization Strategy - WiBro 기술분류 Multiple Antenna Coexistence/Cooperation with Unlicensed Band Multicast/Broadcast Service High Speed Mobility Support WiBro Evolution IPv6 Adaptation Performance Enhancement/ Optimized Profile Selection/ Network Integration Power Saving WiBro Security/ Authentication Handover Control Protocol Modem Channel Coding Air Interface/Packet Scheduling -30-
Standardization Strategy - WiBro 연관기술관계도 IEEE 802.21 (Hetero. Network HO) Telematics IMS IPv6 Mobile IP WiBro Wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11) MBWA (IEEE 802.20) 3GPP-LTE HSDPA/HSUPA -31-
Standardization Strategy - 표준화추진체계 IEEE 802.16m ( 가칭 ) (WiBro Evolution) WiBro Forum ( 가칭 ) ( 제조업체 / 사업자중심 ) TTA PG302 ( 휴대인터넷프로젝트그룹 ) WiMax Forum ( 제조업체 / 사업자참여 ) 정부 / 연구소 / 학계 -32-
WiBro Evolution Standardization Roadmap - 주요표준화항목도출 현재표준화완료단계에있는 IEEE 802.16e 를기반으로 WiBro 상용화를추진하며, 3GPP-LTE 대비경쟁력을확보하는것을목표로하는 WiBro Evolution 의표준화항목을도출한다. - 국내표준화를우선하여추진하며, 구체적인실제시스템에의운용결과를바탕으로한사실상의국제표준화를주도하는것을목표로한다. 중점표준화대상항목 Throughput 증대기술 셀경계에서의간섭제거기술 MAC 제어성능향상및오버헤드저감기술 IPv6 를고려한고속이동성제공기술 Unlicensed/Licensed Band 에서의상호연계운용기술 국내산업계경쟁력 Smart Antenna (SDMA 포함 ), MIMO 등다중안테나기술, LDPC 등을통한개선된채널코딩기술, 2K-FFT 로의 Scalability 적용기술등확보 WiBro 상용화를통한다양한간섭제거및페이딩극복기술을통한셀경계에서의간섭제거를통한전송율향상기술의구현기술확보 실제운용을통한 MAC 제어기법의최적화및오버헤드저감기술확보 국내 IPv6 관련기술은세계최고수준이며, IPv6 망이가장먼저상용화될것으로예측됨. 이를바탕으로 IPv6 망과의연동, 고속이동성제공기술의표준화및개발주도가능 WiBro 망의상용화를촉진하고장비시장을확대하기위한 Unlicensed/Licensed 상호연계운용기술은새로운개념의 convergence 를가능하도록할것임. 국내및국외모두이에관련한기술은초기단계로봄. -33-
WiBro Evolution Standardization Roadmap ( 안 ) WiBro 3개년표준화로드맵 (2006~2009) 중점표준화항목 2006 2007 2008 2009 이후표준화추진전략목표 WiBro Evolution PHY/MAC 성능개선기술 Wibro Evolution PHY/MAC 성능개선기술 Ver2.0 국내표준완성 Ver1.0 국내표준완성 국제표준추진 (IEEE 802.16m ( 가칭 )) 국제표준선도 Unlicens ed/licen sed 상호보완및적용기술 Unlicensed/Licensed 상호보완및적용기술법규 / 정책마련국내개발완료 Ver1.0 국내표준완성 국제표준완료 Ver2.0 국내표준완성 국제표준경쟁 / 협력 [ 범례 ] : 국내기술개발 : 국내표준개발 세부기술중요도 : 상 중 하 : 국외기술개발완료 : 국외표준개발완료 -34-
Q & A Thank you for your kind attention!! csyoon@etri.re.kr -35-