1 CODES AND STANDARD IEC : International Electrotechnical Commission NEC : National Electrical Code ANSI : American National Standards Institute IEEE : Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers NEMA : National Electrical Manufacturers Association API : American Petroleum Institute NFPA : National Fire Protection Association JEC : Japanese Electrotechnical Committee JEM : Japanese Electrical Manufacturers Association 2 HAZARDOUS AREA IEC NEC JIS Zone 0 0 ( 1000 ) Division 1 Zone 1 1 ( 10~1000 ) Zone 2 Division 2 2 ( 01~10 ) 1) Zone 0 ( ) Gas Vapor Tank, Pipe Line Equipment 2) Zone 1 ( ) Normal Maintenance, Repair 3) Zone 2 ( )
, Emergency Condition,,, Positive Mechanical Ventilation Vapor Ventilating Equipment Zone I Area Positive Pressure Ventilation, Safeguard, GAS GROUP Group 1) IEC Code GROUP Chemicals IIA Acetone, Ammonia, Amyl acetate, Aniline, Benzene, n- Butanol, Carbon monooxide, Cyclohexane, Cyclohexanol, Ethane, Ethanol, Ethyl acrylate, n-heptane, n-hexane, Hexanol, Kerosene, Methane, Methanol, Naphtha, Nitroethane, Nitromethane, n-nonane, Propane, Styrene, Toluene, Vinyl acetate, Xylene IIB IIC Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, 1,3-Butadiene, Cyclopropane, Diethyl ether, Ethylene, Ethylene oxide, Methyl acetate, Coke-oven gas Acethylene, Carbon Disulide, Hydrogen 2) NEC Code Group A : Acetylene Group B : Hydrogen or Manufactured Gas Group C : Ethyl-Ether Vapors, Ethylene Group D : Gasoline, Hexane, Naphtha, Benzene, Butane, Propane, Alcohol, Acetone, Benzol, Lacquer-solvent vapor, Natural gas
3 Type of Protection ( ) Zone Flameproof d 1, 2 Pressurization p 1, 2 Increased Safety e 2 Intrinsic Safety ia, ib 0*, 1, 2 Oil Immersion o 1, 2 Powder Filling q 2 Encapsulation m 1, 2 Special s 1, 2 * ia : Zone 0, 1, 2 ib : Zone 1, 2 (Not Zone 0) Zone 0 : Intrinsic Safety (ia) Zone 1 : Zone 0 + Intrinsic Safety (ib), Flame-proof (d), Pressurization (p), Oil-Immersion (o) Zone 2 : Zone 1 + Zone 2 + Increased Safety (e) (Flame-Proof, d ), (Pressurization, p ) (Protective Gas), (Protective Gas) ( ) (LEL, Lower Explosion Limit) Air, Nitogen
Alarm, (ISA-S124 Instrument Purging Zone 2 Area Type Z Purge ) (Increased Safety, e ) Normal Arc Spark, Arc Spark,, (Intrinsic Safety, ia, ib ) IEC 79-11 Test ( ) Energy Intrinsically-safe circuit Energy Energy, (Oil Immersion, o ) Arc Spark, 4 Temperature Classification T 20 +40 Ambient Temperature Design, IEC 79-8 6 Temp Class T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 Maximum Surface Temperature ( ) 450 300 200 135 100 85
5 Exd IIC T4, Ex d IIC T4 Explosion Protected Type of Protection Gas Group Temperature Classification [ ]
1 1) ( ) (Flame proof enclosure d ),,,,, (1) (Width of joint) (2) (Gap of flameproof joint) (3),, (Maximum Experimental Safe Gap) (4), (5) (6), (7),, MCB, Motor
(8) W W : L : L
2) (Increased Safety e ) 1 2, Air Gap,,, (1) (Limiting Temperature), 2 (2) (Clearance) (3) (4) (5), (6) Cage Motor
3) ( ) (Pressurized Apparatus f ), 50pa (5mm H 2 O),, (Z Purge, ) (X Purge, ) (1),, (2) (3), (4) Panel
(5) 4) (Oil Immersion O ) 2 (Mineral Oil) (1) (2) (3) (4),,, MCB,
(5) 5) (Intrinsic Safety ia, ib ) 0, 1, 2 Class I Division 1, ( (1) (2) (3)
(4) (5) (6) 30V, 50 ma 50V, 150mA 30V DC 4~20mA (7) (8) Thermocouple, Switch, Flow, Temperature, Pressure Transmitter (9)
6) (Sand Filled Type) 7) (Mould Type) 8) (Non-incendive Type) (1) A (2) B, (3) R ( ),
2 1) / d e p o ia,ib - s FLP - - - FLP - - EXd EXe EXf EXo EXi EXq Exs EXd EXe - EXo EXi EXq Exs EXd EXe EXf EXo EXi Exq - Exd EXe EXf EXo - - Exs Xt Xh Xv Xo Xi - Xs IEC EXd EXe EXp EXo Exia,ib Exq Exs 2) ) Exd Ex d IIA T 4 : Explosion Proof : (d, p, e, o, ia, ib) (IIA, IIB, IIC) (T 1, T 2 T 3 T 4 T 5 T 6 )
3 PLANT 1) 2) 3) 4) 5),, 6),, 7) 8) 2 9)
4 1) 0 (1) (2) 0 2) 1 (1) (2) (3) (4) 0 1 3) 2 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) / 80% (6) 80% 0 1 (7) 0, 1, 2,
5? 1) Compressor Room (Ground Level Grating Room Concrete ) Hydrogen Compressor 4m Compressor Motor Compressor Room Gasoline 2 ) Motor 1? Hydrogen 1 (Zone 1) 1 Exd Type 2? Hydrogen 028mm 3
? 2) 2 Ethane, Ethylen Analyzer House Analyzer,?, Analyzer Analyzer ) 1? 1 (Zone 1) Exd, 2? Ethane 3
6 ELECTRICAL APPARATUS ZONE 1 ZONE 2 A & B C A & B C Induction Motor L/V Ex d IIB T4 Ex d IIC T4 H/V - - Ex e II T4 Syncronous Motor Exciter - - Ex d T4 or Ex p T4 Plug & Receptacle, LV MCC, Control Switches Electrical Facility for Hoist Electric Valve Actuator Ex d IIB T4 Ex d IIC T4 Ex d IIB T4 Ex d IIC T4 Ex d IIB T4 Ex d IIC T4 Ex e II T4 Ex e II T4 Lighting Distribution Panel and Control Panel Ex d IIB T6 Ex p II T6 Ex d IIC T6 Ex p II T6 Ex d IIB T4 Ex d IIC T4 Lighting Fixture Fluorescent Lamp Incandescent Lamp MH/HPS/Mercury Lamp Ex d IIB T4 Ex p II T4 Ex d IIC T4 Ex p II T4 Ex e II T4 Ex e II T2 Coupling, Union, Adapter, LB, Tee, Terminal Box, Cable Gland Ex d IIB T6 Ex d IIC T6 Ex e II T6 Sealing Fitting Ex d IIB T6 Ex d IIC T6 Ex d II T6
1 / Open Flame,,,,,,, < > 0% A B C D 100% ) A B C D GAS 6% 14% 20% 40% ( H ) 4% 14% 34% 76% (CH ) 5% 8% 9% 15%, 1
2,, 1 1) (Heat) :,,,,,,, 2) (Electrical Sparks) :,,,, 3) (Mechanical Sparks) : (Friction or Grinding), (Hammering) 3 1) (Hazardous Area) /,, 0, 1, 2 2) (N0n-hazardous Area) 3) / 4) (Source of release),,,, 5) (Ignitable Mixture) 2
6) (Flash Point), 7) (Auto Ignition Point) 8) (Flammable/Explosion Range) (Lower Flammable Limit) (Upper Flammable Limit) 9) (Combustible Material), 10) (Flammable Liquid) 378 378 40psia 228 378 Class 11) (Combustible Liquid) 378 378 60 Class 12) (Maximum Experimental Safe Gap) 8 3
13) (Minimum Ignition Energy) 14) (Minimum Igniting Current Ratio) 15) (Lighter than air gas) 16) (Heavier than air gas), 17) / (Compressed and liquefied gas), 18) (Cryogenic Liquid) 101 4
4, Code NEC (1984) IEC Pub 79-0(1983) Class :, 0 : Class I Division 1 Zone 0 : -, -,, Zone 1 : 1 : - Break Down,, Zone 2 : 2 : Class I Division 2 -, Break Down,, -,, - Division 1,, Class : Class : 5
1) IEC,, 0, 1 2, (1) 0 (Zone 0) Vent (Vessel) IFRT (Internal Floating Roof Tank) Open (Vessel),, (Pit) Exhaust Duct (2) 1 (Zone 1) ( ), Compressor Pump Room Vent (3) 2 (Zone 2),,,, (Gasket), (Packing) / 6
(4),,,,, 2) (NEC) NFPA 497 NEC 500 Class IEC Zone0, 1, 2,, IEC (1) Class (2) Class (3) Class (4) Class IEC 0 1 (Zone 0 & 1) Class I Division 1, 2 (Zone 2) Class I Division 2 7
5 1) 25mm (MESG : Maximum Experimental Safe Gap) < MESG > MESG Vol % Methane Propane Cyclo hexanol Methanol Ethylene Acetylene (H 2 ) 82 42 30 110 65 85 270 114 092 095 092 065 037 029 MESG ( ) 011 I ( ) 003 IIA 003 IIA 003 IIA 002 IIB 001 IIC 001 IIC W L L W W :, L : 8
2) IEC Gas Group Gas Group IIA IIB IIC Gas Acetone, Ammonia, Amyl acetate, Aniline, Benzene, n-butanol, n-butyl acetate, Carbon monoxide, Cumene, Cyclohexane, Cyclohexanol, Cyclohexanone, p-cymene, o-dichlorobenzene, 1,2-Dichloroethylene, Diethylamine, Diethylaminoethanol, Dimethylamine, Ethane, Ethanol, Ethyl Acrylate, Ethyl Formate, n-heptane, n-hexane, Hexanol, Kerosene, Methane, Methanol, Methyl Merthacrylate, Methylamine, Monoethanolamine, Naphtha, Nitroethane, Nitromethane, n-nonane, Nonyl Alcohol, n-octyl Alcohol, 1-Pentanol, Propane, 1-Propanol, Pyridine, Styrene, Toluene, Triethylamine, Vinyl Acetate, Xylene Acrolein, Acrylonitrile, 1,3-Butadiene, Crotonaldehyde, Cyclopropane, Diethyl ether, 1,4-Dioxane, Ethylene, Ethylene oxide, Hydrogen Cyanide, Methyle Acetate, Tetrahydrofuran, Town gas, Coke-oven gas Acetylene, Carbon Disulfide, Hydrogen 3) NEC Gas Group Gas Group Group D Acetone, Alcohl Ammonia, Benzene, Gasoline, Solvent, Butane, Heptane Group C Ethylene, Cyclopropane, Ethyl Ether, Acetaldehyde, Isoprene Group B Butadiene, Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide, Acrolein, Group A Acetylene H2, 30% 9
4) : Temperature Classification T (AIT : Auto-Ignition Temperature) 6 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 < T - rating (NFPA 497 Table 2-1) > Aniline, Carbon Monoxide, Cresol, Methane, Methyl Chloride, Acrilonitle, Acetone, Ammonia, n-amyl Acetate Benzene, 1,3- Butadiene, 2-Butanol, Butylene, n- Butyl Acetate, Ethanol, Ethane, Ethyl, Chloride, Ethyl Alcohol, Ethyl Benzene, Ethyl Acetate, Ethylene, Oxide, Hydrogen, Isobutane, LPG, Methanol, Methyl Acetate, Methyl, Alcohol, Nitrobenzene, Propane, Propylene, n- Propyl Acetate, Propylene, Oxide, Propylene, Pyridine, Styrene, Toluene, Vinyl Chloride, Xyelen, Xylidine Acetylene, Acrolein, 1-Butanol, n-butane, Cumene, Cyclohexane, n-decanol, Ethyl Mercaptan, Morpholine, Gasoline, Isohexane, Naphtha, n-pentane Acetaldehyde, Isooctyl Aldehyde, Fuel Oil 1, n-heptane, n-hexane, Isoprene, Kerosene, n-octane CS 2, ClO 2, Diethyl Ether, Ethyl Ether Carbon Disulfide - 20 + 40 T Class <Table 1-2, T - Rating of Electrical Apparatus> T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 ( ) 450 300 200 135 100 85 10
5) Gas Group ( ) (NEC, 1984) (IEC Pub 79-0, 1983) Group A 09 B 05 09 C 05 T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 450 300 ~ 450 200 ~ 300 135 ~ 200 100 ~ 135 85 ~ 100 Group ( ) (mm) D 09 C, B 05 09 B, A 05 T1 450 T2 300 T2A 280 T2B 260 T2C T2D 230 T3 215 T3A 200 T3B 180 T3C 165 T4 160 T4A 135 T5 120 T6 100 85 Group ( ) (mm) A 09 B 05 09 C 05 T1 450 T2 300 T3 200 T4 135 T5 T6 100 85 IEC (79-1) NFPA 70(NEC) / API Methane Propane A Ethylene B C D Hydrogen Acetylene C B A 11
National Electrical Code * Calss I : Flammable gases, vapors & Flammable/Combustible liquids Class II : Combustible dusts Class III : Ignitible fibers or flyings * Division 1 : Where the hazard is considered to exist under Normal conditions Division 2 : Where the hazard is considered to exist due to abnormal conditions * Group A : Atmospheres containing Acetylene * Group B : Atmospheres containing Hydrogen, Process gases containing more than 30% Hydrogen, Butadiene, Oxide or Propylene Oxide * Group C : Atmospheres containing Ethylene or Ethyl * Group D : Atmospheres containing Acetone, Ammonia, Benzene, Methane, Ethane, Butane, Propane, Hexane or Natural Gas * Group E : Atmospheres containing Combustible metal dusts such as Al, Mg and their alloys * Group F : Atmospheres containing Combustible Carbonaceous dusts such as Carbon black, Charcoal or Coal * Group G : Atmospheres containing Combustible dusts not included in E&F, including Flour, Grain, Wood, Plastics or Chemical
(International Electro-technical Commission, Korea Industrial Safety CO, KS, JIS, NEC) IEC or KISCO KS or JIS NEC Exd d Class I DIV 1&2 Exe e Class I DIV 2 Exp p Class I DIV 1&2 Exo o Class I DIV 2 Exia, Exib ia, ib Class I DIV 1&2 Exs s - SDP SDP Class II DP DP Class II EDP XDP Class II (, ) Class II, (KISCO) II, Group IEC / KISCO KS / JIS NEC A 1 B 2 C, D C 3 A, B 11 11 12 12 13 13 I - E, F, G
( C / F) IEC or KISCO KS or JIS NEC 450 / 842 - G1-450 / 842 T1 G2 T1 300 / 572 T2 G3 T2 280 / 536 T2A 260 / 500 T2B 230 / 446 T2C 215 / 419 T2D 200 / 392 T3 G4 T3 180 / 356 T3A 165 / 329 T3B 160 / 320 T3C 135 / 275 T4 G5 T4 120 / 248 T4A 100 / 212 T5 G6 T5 85 / 185 T6 - T6 IEC or KISCO KS or JIS NEC Hazardous Zone 0 0 Division 1 Zone 1 1 Zone2 2 Division 2 Non-Hazardous Non-Hazardous Non-Hazardous Non-Hazardous