3GPP 3GPP2, FMC

UMTS R99 384Kbps Data ATM based MSC Korea-Japan Roaming Pre-Commercial Service (World Cup 2002) UMTS R4 2Mbps Data MSC Server MGW UMTS R5 2Mbps Data IP Multimedia Subsystem SIP Server IP in UTRAN All IP Network 02.2Q 03.2Q 04.1Q

R-SGW Legacy MSC HSS CSCF MGCF MRF MSC Server GMSC Server T-SGW MGW MGW PLMN/PSTN UMTS node-b RNC UMTS Release 5 SGSN GGSN INTERNET

1995 1999 2001 2002 2003 2004 1xEV-DO IS-95A IS-95B cdma2000 1X 1xEV-DV

IMT-2000 IMT-2000 BTS BTS Abis Abis BSC/ PCF A3/A7 3G-IOS A1/A2 ANSI-41 MSC/ VLR FR PRI IWF HLR/ AUC PSTN/PCS/ PLMN BTS BTS Abis Abis BSC/ PCF A3/A7 A10/A11 BSC/ PCF R-P I/F network R-P I/F PDSN /FA PDSN /FA AAA HA Carrier s Internet Data core Internet R Radio Link RAN Server Data Link - PPP TCP/IP connection

Voice Capacity Data Capacity Peak Data Rate

HUB/MAU NIC % UTILIZATION TAB GD RE I F J A KB L C ENTER RUN M7 N 8 O9 PRINT GD GD GD HELP BNC 4Mb/s GD T 2 U 3 ALPHA V 0 W. X Y Z SHIFT HUB/MAU NIC % UTILIZATION TAB GD R E I F J A K B L C ENTER RUN M7 N 8 O9 PRINT GD GD GD HELP BNC 4Mb/s GD T 2 U 3 ALPHA V 0 W. X Y Z SHIFT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Call Server OMC Location Server SD Media Converter _ 5VDC. 1A + RX UP LINK TX outer-firewall LINK PWR LINK IP 2G BTS 3G BTS * 8 # Gateway PBS * 8 # PSTN

LAN, LAN, LAN

AAA RADIUS Web Server DHCP DHCP AP AP

H2 Home local sub network 11 MAC Ethernet Appl. Ethernet CL 5GHz PHY 1394 Appl. 1394 CL H2 DLC+HE 802.11 Point Coordinator Internet Gateway Dual Mode Device 1394 1394 Appl. 1394 CL H2 DLC+HE H2 PHY 802.11a STA Ch1 Ch1 H2 MT Ethernet Appl. 11 MAC 11a PHY Ethernet Appl. Ethernet CL H2 DLC H2 PHY Gateway: 802.11a, H2 H2 MT Acting CC 1394 1394 Appl. 1394 CL H2 DLC+HE H2 PHY Control 11a Control HL2 User Data

Implementation Now Now Issue Interworking Interworking (2 radios) Single Global Standard Single Global Standard MAC Bridge H2 CL H2 DLC H2 PHY MAC Bridge 11 MAC 11a PHY MAC Bridge H2 CL 11 H2 MAC DLC H2 PHY 11a PHY MAC Bridge H2 CL H2 DLC 11 MAC Hybrid PHY MAC Bridge H2 CL 11 H2 MAC DLC MAC/DLC Convergence Layer Hybrid PHY MAC Bridge H2 CL Hybrid MAC/DLC Hybrid PHY MAC Bridge Hybrid MAC/DLC/CL Hybrid PHY Choose one step in gray parts

Airport LAN Home Office Roaming Hotel & Conference Train station Public space

AAA : Authentication, Authorization an Accounting AAAL : Local AAA AAAH : Home AAA AP : Access Point IWU : Interworking Unit HLR : Home Location Register (U)SIM : (User) Service Identity Modul SGSN : Serving GPRS Support Node RNC : Radio Network Controller

AP : Access Point IWU : Interworking Unit SGSN : Serving GPRS Support Node GGSN : Gateway GPRS Support node RNC : Radio Network Controller

Future Directions of Wireless Networks Packet Switching Platform IP Based Distributed Open Architecture IETF IP Multimedia Call Mobility Control Model All IP

Legacy mobile signalling Network R-SGW Emergency Services Network Applications & Services CAP Mb 3G-SGSN3G-HLR PS Domain Lg GMLC RAN SCP Ms Gr HSS UTRAN IP Multimedia Subsystem Cx UMS 3G-HLR 3G-HLR MT Gn CSCF TE Gi CSCF Mw Gc Mi Mr MRF 3G-GGSN Gi BSS/ GERAN Mg Gi Mm Mj BGCF Gi MGCF Mc MGW G-MSC Server MSC Server Signaling only User Data and Signaling Multimedia IP Networks T-SGW CS Domain PSTN/ Legacy/External Application Service Control Transport Multimedia IP Networks

Databases EIR DSI Sub Poli Service Application Application Service Control Transport Signaling-Control Bearer Radio 1 Position Server Position Determining Entity Access Net. 47 MS 18 BTS 2 BSC + PCF MM Other Access Networks 4 15 5 Subscription QoS Manager 9 AAA 20 21 19 31 35 6 Access Gateway FA/ Attendant 11 10 16 23 3 28 32 22 43 41 8 Network Capability Gateway 12 Session Control Manager Core QoS Manager Media Resource Function 37 Mobile IP Home Agent 48 24 29 44 13 17 Legacy MS Domain Support Roaming Signaling Gateway Trunk Signaling Gateway 25 Media Gateway Control 27 30 33 Media Gateway 36 38 39 14 34 40 42 Border Router 45 26 46 IP Network MAP 41 & GSM PSTN

Vehicular Mobility Pedestrian IMT-2000 4G System ( 4th Generation ) 5G Syst. Stationary Wireless Access Wireless LAN 0.1 1 Data Rate (Mbit/s) 10 100

Vehicle Mobile Public Transportation Micro-Cell 4G Network Contents Server (Media Server) Macro-Cell R-LAN IP Back born/ Internet WLL Cordless Subscriber Loop Indoor Cordless Pico-Cell 2,3G Network PSTN ISDN

4G 4G High Speed Data Ultra High Capacity Cost Down Nationwide Coverage Smaller Terminals Attractive Services Adaptive Array Antenna (BS & MS) Micro & Pico Cell (with Macro Cell) Wireless/Optical Entrance Link Co-existence with IMT2000 Software Radio Multi-Band (Microwave & UHF) Manufacturing Technology Location Identification WDM IP Networking New Applications Specialized to Mobile Wearable Terminals