Korean Journal of Breeding Science Korean J. Breed. Sci. 50(3):344-349(2018. 9) Online ISSN: 2287-5174 Print ISSN: 0250-3360 https://doi.org/10.9787/kjbs.2018.50.3.344 이원도 1 박용진 2 장성규 3 권순욱 3 이영상 4 조유현 1* 1 농업회사법인주식회사시드피아, 2 공주대학교식물자원학과, 3 부산대학교식물생명과학과 4 순천향대학교의료생명공학과 Late-Maturing, Low Amylose Rice Jinsang 2 with a Medium to Short Culm Wondo Lee 1, Yong-Jin Park 2 Seong Gyu Jang 3, Soon Wook Kwon 3, Young-Sang Lee 4, and Yoo-Hyun Cho 1* 1 SEEDPIA Inc., Suwon, 16395, Republic of Korea 2 Department of Plant Resources, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Republic of Korea 3 Department of Plant Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea 4 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31583, Republic of Korea Abstract The Jinsang 2 cultivar is a new late-maturing, low amylose rice variety with a medium to short culm created by the Seedpia Inc. breeding company in 2012. This variety was derived from a cross between Junam, a high-yield and lodging tolerant source, and DM3-8-72-9, which was derived from a cross between Donjinchal and Milkyqueen, with a low amylose content and superior agronomic traits. A general single seed descent method was applied to develop Jinsang 2 in the F3-F4 generations. During the F5-F8 generations, the breeding lines were selected through a pedigree breeding method. A promising line, JS6-B-52-8-3-5-1-B-B-B, was selected and named HJ-6 in 2011. This variety headed on the 25 th of August, which was 14 days later than Hwayoung. The culm and panicle length of the variety was 71.6 cm and 19.9 cm, respectively. The milled rice from the variety had a dull and medium- to short-grain, and the 1,000-grain weight was around 20.0 g. It had a low amylose content of 12.2% and a low protein content of 6.8%. The yield performance of Jinsang 2 milled rice was about 5.36 MT/ha from the ordinary culture replicated yield trial test. Keywords Rice, Jinsang2, Good eating quality, Low amylose, Lodging tolerant Received on July 5, 2018. Accepted on August 2, 2018. * Corresponding Author (E-mail: jo0027@hotmail.com, Tel: +82-70-4125-7959, Fax: 0504-031-0884) 서언최근들어경제발전에따라소득이증가되면서소비자의식문화가고급화및다양화되고있는추세이며, 이러한사회적 경제적변화와더불어국민식생활이바뀌면서 1인당쌀소비량은지속적으로감소하여왔다 (Ahn et al. 2015). 2008년 75.8 kg에서 2017년 60.4 kg으로연평균 2.4% 감소하고있으며, 앞으로도쌀생산량이수요량을초과하는현상이지속될전망이다. 이러한현상의대안으로쌀산업의안정적인미래를확보하기위해서는쌀품질의고급화와다양화를통해새로운부가가치를창출하는노력이필요하며, 소비자가선호할수있는품종개발이요구되어진다 (Kang et al. 2008). 저아밀로스품종은외관이반투명또는흐릿한흰색으로아밀로스함량이 7~14% 정도이며, 메벼보다전분의점성이강하고팽화성이높은특성을가지고있어식미향상을위한혼반용, 현미밥, 도시락용, 김밥, 가공밥등쌀소비확대에기여할수있는품종이다 (Kim et al. 1999, Choi 2002). 쌀품질의고급화와차별화된품종개발을지속적으로하여국내에서는 일품 의저아밀로스돌연변이인 백진주 (Hong et al. 2012a) 와 백진주 의특성을개선한 백진주 1호 (Hong et al. 2012b) 가개발되었고, Milky queen 을모본으로활용한조생종 월백, 설백 등이개발되었으며 (Won et al. 2012, Shin et al. 2012), 중생종저아밀로스품종인 중생골드 등이개발된바있다 (Cho et al. 2012). 최근 Koshihikari 의 waxy 돌연변이체인 Milky queen 의재배및가공판매가증가하여강원지역을중심으로확대되고있지만이품종은장간형품종으로도복에약해재배에어려움이있다 (Ise et al. 2001). 이에본연구는이러한일본도입품종의문제점과쌀산업의안정을위하여준단간의고품질저아밀로스 ( 아밀로스함량 Copyright c 2018 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
12.2%) 특성을가지는 진상2 호 를육성하였기에그육성경위와주요농업적특성에대해보고하고자한다. 재료및방법본시험은 2011년부터 2012년까지 2년간중서부평야 2개지역에서보통기보비재배를하여대조품종 화영 과주요농업형질과수량성에대해비교검토하였다. 재배법은농촌진흥청표준재배법에준하였고 (RDA 2011a, RDA 2011b), 4월 20일에파종하여 5월 21일에 30 15 cm의재식거리로이앙하였고, 시비량은 N-P-K = 9-4.5-5.7 kg/10a로시비하였다. 제초제는초기제초제 5월 17일, 중기제초제 6월 1일에살포하였고, 살균살충제는이앙당일살균살충입제를살포하고, 8월 5일에살충제와살균제를함께살포하였다. 시험구표본채취는 1반복당 30주로 3반복씩수확하였고, 시험구배치는난괴법 3반복으로하였다. 아밀로스함량분석출수 50일후에수확하여탈곡후수분함량을 15% 이하로자연건조하여실험실용현미기 ( 쌍용SY88-TH) 로제현후, 사미, 피해립등을제거한현미를곱게갈아서 80 메쉬 (Mesh) 의채로처리하여이용하였다. 아밀로스분석은 100 mg의현미가루에 95% 에탄올 1 ml와 1N 수산화나트륨 (NaOH) 9 ml를가해끓는물속에 10분동안호화시킨후 100 ml이되도록증류수를첨가하였다. 상기용액중 5 ml를취해 1N 아세트산 1 ml와 2% 요오드- 요오드화칼륨용액 (I 2 -KI solution) 2 ml를가해증류수를첨가하여 100 ml로만든후발색반응시켜 620 nm의파장에서분광광도계 (spectrophotometer) 로읽어흡광도를측정하여계산하였다. 밥윤기치분석밥의윤기치 (Toyo taste value) 값은취반한밥표면에주사된전자파의반사율과흡수율을측정하여식미치를계산하도록고안된토요미도메터 (ToYo, MB90A, MA-90B, Japan) 를사용하여측정하였다. 백미시료 33 g을취반용셀에넣은다음, 항온수조 (MB-90A) 의물이 80 가되었을때셀을항온수조에넣고 10분간취반하고상온에서 5분간뜸들이기를한후꺼내식미측정장치 (MA-90B) 에넣어밥의윤기치를측정하였다 DNA 다형성분석 DNA 다형성분석을위해신품종진상 2호와교배모본으로 활용된화영, 주남, 동진찰, 밀키퀸을포함하여, 기육성된중간찰벼품종인월백 (Won et al. 2012), 중생골드 (Cho et al. 2012), 백진주 (Hong et al. 2012a), 백진주1 호 (Hong et al. 2012b), 진상 (Hong et al. 2014) 벼를공시하였다. DNA추출은각종자를파종후 20일경어린잎을따서 NucleoSpin Plant Ⅱ kit (MACHEREY-NAGEL, Germany) 를이용하여추출하였다. 추출된 DNA는 Nanodrop (Thermo, USA) 으로정량을하여 10 ng/μl로희석하여사용하였고, 각시료의 DNA 5 μl, 10x reaction buffer를 2 μl, 2.5 mm d-ntp 1.6 μl, SSR marker (forward + reverse) 2 μl, taq polymerase을 0.5U 혼합한후증류수로총량을 20 μl로맞추어 PCR을진행하였다. PCR은 95 C 5 분간충분히 denature 하고, 95 C 30초, 58 C 30초, 72 C 60초로 35 cycle 을반복하였다. Capillary 전기영동기계인 QIAXEL (QIAGEN, USA) 을이용하여 PCR 산물의크기를측정하였다. 다형성분석에는 RM21, RM48 을사용하였다 (Hong et al. 2014). 결과및고찰육성경위벼신품종 진상2 호 는고품질및재배안전성이우수한중간찰품종육성을위해내도복다수성특성을갖는주남벼를교배모본으로선정하고, 중간찰특성을도입하기위해동진찰벼와밀키퀸교배후대에서중간찰및우수한재배특성을갖는 F 3 계통 (DM3-8-72-9) 을교배모본으로선정하였다. 목적에부합하는계통을선정하여 2003년하계에 03년하계에내도복다수성의주남벼와중간찰특성을보이는 DM3-8-72-9를인공교배하여, 수확된종자를 JS6으로표기하여, 2004년에 F 1 종자를파종하였고, 2004년동계부터 2005년동계까지 1개체 1계통법으로신속세대진전을수행하고, 2006년에 F 6 세대에서중간찰특성의개체를선발하여, 2010년까지매년포장에서계통재배하면서중간찰특성을가지면서, 임성, 초형이양호하며, 내도복및다수성을갖는 JS6-B-52-8-3-5-1-B-B-B 계통을선발, 고정하였다. 선발된계통에대해 HJ-6 계통명을부여하고, 2013년 ~2014년에난괴법 3반복으로생산력검정및농가실증시험을수행한결과품종의균일성과재배안정성을확인하여 진상2호 라고명명하였다 (Figs. 1, 2). ( 품종등록번호 : 제6819호 ) 345
韓育誌 (Korean J. Breed. Sci.) 50(3), 2018 Fig. 1. Genealogical diagram of Jinsang 2. Fig. 2. Pedigree diagram of Jinsang 2. Table 1. Major agronomic traits and yield components Heading date Culm length (cm) Panicle length (cm) No. of Panicles per hill No. of Spikelets per panicle 1000 grain brown rice weight(g) Jinsang 2 8/ 25 71.6±1.6 19.9±0.8 14.6±1.5 106.5±4.3 20.0±0.1 Hwayeong 8/11 77.6±2.2 19.8±1.0 14.3±1.6 98.4±4.5 21.3±0.1 주요특성 1. 출수기및주요농업적특성신품종 진상2 호 의출수기는중서부평야보통기보비재배시 8월 25일로대조품종인 화영 보다 14일늦은만생종이다. 간장은 71.6 cm로 화영 에비해 6 cm 정도짧고, 수장은 19.9 cm 주당수수는 14.6개로 화영 과비슷하나, 수당립수는 106.5개로대조품종보다많고현미천립중은 20.0 g으로 화영 의 21.3 보다가벼웠다 (Table 1). 346
Table 2. Response to physiological stress and Pest Resistance. Lodging in field (0-9) Leaf senescence at maturity Cold tolerance Neck Blast Bacterial blight Rice stripe virus Brown planthopper Jinsang 2 1 S M z MS M MS MS Hwayeong 1 S MR MR R R MS z R: Resistant, M: Moderate, S: Susceptible Table 3. Grain characteristics of Jinsang 2. Length (mm) Width (mm) Brown rice Thickness (mm) L/W ratio Dehulling Recovery (Brown/Rough) (%) Grain yield (kg/10a) Jinsang 2 4.88 2.81 1.94 1.74 77.1 536 Hwayeong 5.01 2.90 2.02 1.73 77.3 516 Table 4. Physicochemical properties and eating quality of Jinsang 2 Translucency (1 ~ 9) White core/belly (0 ~ 9) Alkali digestive value (1 ~ 7) Amylose content (%) Protein content (%) Glossiness of cooked rice z Jinsang 2 4 0/1 6.4 12.2 6.8 86 Hwayeong 1 0/1 6.4 18.5 7.5 61 z Glossiness of cooked rice was measured by Toyo mito-meter Fig. 3. Grain appearance (a): Rough rice-hwayeongbyeo, (b): Rough rice- Jinsang 2, (c): Brown rice- Hwayeongbyeo, (d): Brown rice- Jinsang 2. 2. 생리장해및병해충저항성 진상2호 는못자리불시출수는관찰되지않았고, 도복성은중강수준이고, 성숙기엽노화는느린편이며, 내냉성은중정도였다. 목도열병과줄무늬잎마름병은중강정도의저항성을보였으나흰잎마름병과멸구에대한저항성은없었다 (Table 2). 3. 도정및품질특성 진상2호 의정현비율은 77.1% 대조품종과비슷한수준이며현미길이가 4.88 mm로대조품종의 5.01 mm에비해짧고폭과두께는각각 2.81 mm, 1.94 mm로대조품종의 2.90 mm, 2.02 mm 비해작지만장폭비는 1.74 mm로대조품종과유사한단원형 특성을보였고, 등숙률은 90% 수준이며, 수량성은 536 kg/10a로대조품종인 화영 벼의 516 kg/10a보다높았다 (Table 3). 4. 미질특성 진상2호 는중간찰벼로배유는중간정도의불투명특성을보이고알칼리붕괴도는 화영 과비슷한수준이며, 아밀로스함량은 12.2% 로대조품종의 18.5% 보다낮고도요식미기로측정한밥윤기치는 86으로대조품종보다높게나타났다 (Table 4, Fig. 3). 347
韓育誌 (Korean J. Breed. Sci.) 50(3), 2018 Fig. 4. PCR Product patterns of 6 rice cultivars with low amylose content, Jinsang 2 and its parent amplified by RM21, RM48. DNAs extracted from the cultivars (1) Hwayeong, (2) Wolbaek, (3) Jungsaeng gold, (4) Baegjinju1, (5) Baegjinju, (6) Jinsang, (7) Junam, (8) Dongjinchal, (9)Milkyqueen (10) Jinasang 2(HJ-6) were used as templates for PCR amplification. 5. DNA 다형성 DNA 다형성검정을위해 2개의 SSR marker (RM21, RM48) 를이용하여증폭된 DNA 단편을 QIAXEL (QIAGEN, USA) 를이용하여비교한결과, 진상2호 는현재육성된중간찰특성을가지는벼품종인 월백, 중생골드, 백진주, 진상 등과구분이가능하고, 모본으로사용된 주남벼 의특성과 동진찰벼 의특성이유전되었음을알수있다. 즉, RM21, RM48의 2개마커조합을이용할경우기존의육성된중간찰벼품종과구분이가능하였고, 진상2호 는 RM21에서는주남벼의밴드패턴을, RM48에서는동진찰의밴드패턴을보여모본및부본의특성을보이는것을알수있다 (Fig. 4). 적요 진상2호 는농업회사법인주식회사시드피아에서 2014년도에육성한고품질및재배안정성을가지는중간찰품종으로주요특성을요약하면다음과같다. 진상2호 는중서부평야보통기보비재배시출수기가 8월 25일로 화영 보다 14일늦은만생종으로, 화영벼 보다식물체크기가기존 77.6 cm보다 6 cm 정도작아내도복성이증가되었다. 진상2 호 의정현비율은 77.1% 대조품종과비슷한수준이며현미길이와폭이각각 4.88 mm, 2.81 mm로 1.94 mm로대조품종에비해다소작지만장폭비는 1.74 mm로대조품종과유사한단원형특성을보였고, 수량성은 536 kg/10a로대조품종보다높게나타났다. 진상2호 348
는중간찰벼로배유는중간정도의불투명특성을보이고알칼리붕괴도는 6.4정도이며아밀로스함량은 12.2% 로대조품종의 18.5% 보다낮고도요식미기로측정한밥윤기치는 86으로대조품종보다높게나타났다사사본결과물은농림축산식품부의재원으로농림식품기술기획평가원의고부가가치식품기술개발사업의지원을받아연구되었음 (115011-03-3-HD020). REFERENCES 1. Ahn EK, Lee JH, Lee SB, Yang CI, Choi YH, Chang JK, Jeong JM, Lee GS, Kim MK, Kim JH, Hyun UJ, Mo YJ, Yoon YH, Jeung JU, Oh SK, Seo MW, Kim CK. 2015. Late-maturing, high biomass and multiple disease resistant whole crop silage rice cultivar Jungmo1029. Korean J Crop Sci 47: 159-165. 2. Cho YC, Kim MK, Kim YG, Choi IS, Yang CI, Oh MG, Lee JH, Kim JJ, Suh JP, Won YJ, Hwang KH, Oh SK, Lee JH, Chang JK, Roh JH, Lee CK, Ahn EK, Jeong EG. 2013. A medium maturing, high quality, multiple resistant and middle plain area adaptable rice Jungsaenggold. Korean J Breed Sci 45: 457-462. 3. Choi HC. 2002. Current status and perspectives in varietal improvement of rice cultivars for high-quality and valueadded products. Korean J Crop Sci 47: 15-32. 4. Kang JH, Kim KH, Lee DJ, Lee YS. 2008. Evaluation and utilization of landraces in agricultural plant genetic resources. Final Report for Biogreen 21 Research Project, RDA, Korea. pp. 1-382. 5. Kim HK, Kim EY, Jeong YP. 1999. Physicochemical properties of non-glutinous, dull and glutinous rice grain in segregating populations of dull/glutinous crosses. Korean J Crop Sci 44: 277-281. 6. Hong HC, Choi HC, Hwang HG, Kim YG, Moon HP, Kim HY, Yea JD, Shin YS, Choi YH, Cho YC, Baek MK, Lee JH, Yang CI, Jeong KH, Ahn SN, Yang SJ. 2012a. A lodging-tolerance and dull rice cultivar Baegjinju. Korean J Breed Sci 44: 51-56. 7. Hong HC, Yang SJ, Lee JH, Jung OY, Yang CJ, Choi YH, Kim YG, Lee KS, Choi IS, Cho YC, Kim MK, Lee JI, Jeong EK, Roh JH, Kim KJ, Hwang HG, Moon HP, Lee YT. 2012b. A medium-maturing dull cultivar Baegjinju 1. Korean J Breed Sci 44: 57-61. 8. Hong WJ, Yoon MY, Ra WH, Park JW, Min SK, Kwon SW, Cho YH, Park YJ. 2014. A new variety Jinsang with lodging tolerant and low amylose content. Korean J Breed Sci 46: 103-107. 9. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2011a. 2011 Project plan for collaborative research program to develop new variety of summer crops. pp. 25-68. 10. Rural Development Administration (RDA). 2011b. 2011 Project report for collaborative research program to develop new variety of summer crops. pp. 9-139. 11. Shin YS, Won YJ, Ahn EK, Kim YK, Kim MK, Hwang HG, Yoon YH, Lee JH, Choi IS, Yoon KS, Oh SK, Kang KH, Shon JY, Jeon YH, Shin JC. 2012. An early maturing, blast resistant and low amylose rice variety Seolbaek. Korean J Breed Sci 44: 597-601. 12. Ise, K, Akama Y, Horisue N, Nakane A, Yokoo M, Ando I, Hata T, Suto M, Numaguchi K, Nemoto H. 2001. Milky Queen, a new high-quality rice cultivar with low amylose content in endosperm. Bull Natl Inst Crop Sci 2: 39 61. 13. Won YJ, Shin YS, Ahn EK, Kim MK, Kim YG, Hwang HG, Yoon YH, Jeon YH, Yoon KS, Yoon MR, Lee JH, Oh MK, Jeong JM, Yang WH, Jung KH. 2012. An early-maturing, blast resistant and semi-transparent low amylose rice variety Wolbaek. Korean J Breed Sci 44: 379-383. 349