Kor. J. Breed. Sci. 45():55-60(0. ) http://dx.doi.org/0.9787/kjbs.0.45..055 Online ISSN: 87-574 Print ISSN: 050-60 검정콩녹색자엽소립신품종 소청 호 백인열 * 한원영 고종민 김현태 전명기 박금룡 이병원 이영훈 하태정 신상욱 심하식 문중경 오기원 강성택 조상균 윤홍태 이승수 손창기 농촌진흥청국립식량과학원, 충청남도농업기술원, 경상북도농업기술원 A New Black Seed Coat Soybean, Socheong with Green Cotyledon and Small Seed Size In Youl Baek *, Won Young Han, Jong Min Ko, Hyun Tae Kim, Myeong Gi Jeon, Keum Yong Park, Byung Won Lee, Young Hoon Lee, Tae Jung Ha, Sang Ouk Shin, Ha Sik Shim, Joong Kyung Moon, Ki Won Oh, Sung Taek Kang, Sang Kyun Cho, Hong Tai Yun, Seung Soo Lee, and Chang Ki Son National Institute of Crop Science, RDA, Suwon 44-857, Korea Chungnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Yesan 40-86, Korea Gyeongbuk Agricultural Research & Extension Service, Daegu 70-708, Korea Abstract : A new black seed coat soybean variety, Socheong was developed at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 006. Socheong was selected from the cross between Milyang78 and Peking. The preliminary, advanced and regional yield trials for evaluation and selection of this variety were carried out from 005 to 009. It has determinate growth habit, white flower, brown pubescence, black pod, black seed coat, green cotyledon, elongated flattened seed shape, oval leaf shape and small seed size (. grams per 00 seeds). And it has the same maturity as the check cultivar Cheongjakong. Socheong has better seed quality than that of the check cultivar in isoflavone contents (,0 μg /g), and it has good adaptability for Cheongkugjiang and soybean malt. It also has been identified to have resistance to soybean mosaic virus symptom (SMV) which was the troublesome soybean diseases. The average yield of Socheong was.00 ton per hectare in the regional yield trials carried out in five locations of Korea among seven from 007 to 009, which was 7 percent higher than that of the check cultivar Cheongjakong. Keywords : Soybean, Variety, Socheong, Black seed coat, Isoflavone 서 콩의원산지는한반도와만주지역으로추정되고있다. 일반적으로원산지에는종의분화도와특성변이폭이크며식품으로이용도가높은데우리나라에서검정콩을대표로하는유색콩은쌀, 맥류, 잡곡등과혼합하여주식으로이용되거나자반용으로주로이용되어왔으며, 일부는떡소, 제과용및약용으로소비되고있다. 따라서새로운소비창출을위해서는 *Corresponding author (E-mail: baekiy@korea.kr, Tel: +8-55- 50-0, Fax: +8-55-5-050) (Received on July 0, 0. Revised on March 9, 0. Accepted on March 0, 0.) 언 다양한용도에적합한가공적성이높은품종개발이요구되고있다. 콩은오랜재배역사를통하여장류, 두부, 콩나물등의전통식품으로많이이용되고있으며, 밥밑용, 떡소및떡고물용등용도에알맞은품종개발이필요한실정이다. 일반적으로밥밑콩으로이용되는콩은대립이고당도가높고잘무르는특성이중요한데, 밥밑콩은종피색이흑색이거나적갈색인것또는아주까리콩등의유색품종이적합하다. 검정콩은종피색깔및구조, 종실형태에따라선비잡이콩, 아주까리콩, 쥐눈이콩 ( 서목태 ), 및서리태 ( 속청 ) 등으로불리며예로부터널리재배되어왔고, 지금도많은지역재래종이존재하고있다. 특히혼반용은종실이굵고연질이며알카리붕괴도가높고 Copyright c 0 by the Korean Society of Breeding Science This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
56 韓育誌 (Kor. J. Breed. Sci.) 45(), 0 흡수팽창도가클뿐아니라, 무름성이우수하고환원당함량이많으며맛이좋아야한다고하였다 (Guh et al. 98, Kim et al. 99). 최근콩의기능성성분인안토시아닌색소, 아이소플라본, 올리고당, 사포닌등은항암효과와골다공증, 심장질환, 신부전증등각종성인병예방에효과가큰것으로보고되고있다 (Tomomatsu 994, Barnes 998, Choung et al. 00). 최근건강기능성식품으로검정콩에대한소비자의수요와선호도가증가하고있으며, 고유재래종의만숙성, 쓰러짐, 병해저항성등불리한재배적특성을개선하고가공적성이우수한품종개발과농가보급이시급한실정이다. 국립식량과학원콩육종연구팀은밥밑용및제과용등용도로고품질콩신품종육성을위하여노력한결과, 녹색자엽의소립검정콩으로숙기빠른양질내재해다수성 소청호 를육성하였기에본품종의육성경위와주요특성등시험한결과를보고하고자한다. 재료및방법본품종의생산력검정시험은 005년부터 006년까지 개년간국립식량과학원두류유지작물과전작포장에서 6월중순에휴폭 60 cm, 주간 0 cm, 주 본으로실시하였다. 지역적응시험은 007년부터 009년까지 년간전국의 5개지역에서수행하였고, 검정콩대비품종인 청자콩 (Baek et al. 00) 과비교하였다. 파종기는단작에서 5월 0일, 이모작지대에서는 6월 0일을전후하여 5일이내파종하였고, 재식거리는단작 60 5 cm, 이모작 60 0 cm이다. 입모후 주 본으로주수를조정하였다. 시비관리는토양을검정하여시비하거나, 콩의표준시비량인 000 m 당질소-인산-가리를.0-.0-.4 kg을기비로주었다. 작물학적주요특성은성숙기등을조사하였다. 또한, 내병성 ( 콩모자익바이러스, 불마름병과검은뿌리썩음병 ), 내재해성 ( 내습성, 내탈립, 콩나방 ), 품질특성 ( 조단백질, 조지방, 경실종자, 수분흡수율, 이소플라본및안토시아닌색소함량과두부가공적성 ) 의조사는농촌진흥청신품종개발공동연구사업계획서의기준에의하여실시하였다 (RDA 009). 결과및고찰육성경위 소청호 는기능성분이우수하고녹색자엽의소립으로가공적성우수한검정콩품종육성을목표로, 재래수집종이며숙기매우늦고녹색자엽의대립검정콩인 밀양78호 와조숙소립내병내도복도입종인 Peking을 996년인공교배하여 997년 F 을양성하였고, 998부터 004년도에포장에서 F - F 8 세대를계통육종법으로선발한 YS6-B-4----4- -- 계통이다. 005과 006년도에실시한생산력검정시험에서내도복소립검정콩으로아이소플라본함량이높은계통 Year 996 997 998 999 000 00 00 00 004 005 006 007 008 009 Generation - F F F F 4 F 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F 9 F 0 F F F Milyang 78 Peking YS 6 Bulk Bulk 4 7 5 5 4 0 5 0 Milyang 8 Socheong Remark Cross Pedigee PYT z AYT RYT z PYT: Preliminary yield trial, AYT: Advanced yield trial, RYT: Regional yield trial Fig.. Pedigree diagram of a new black seed coated soybean variety, Socheong.
검정콩녹색자엽소립신품종 소청 호 57 Socheong Cheongjakong Fig.. Pictures of the cultivation in the field (left) and comparison of see size (right), Socheong. 으로유망시되어 밀양8호 의계통명을부여한후, 007 년부터 009년까지 년간의지역적응시험을실시한결과, 녹색자엽의내도복소립검정콩품종으로인정되어, 009년 월농작물직무육성신품종선정위원회에서신규품종으로결정하고 소청호 로명명하였다 (RDA 00). 인공교배부터계통선발, 생산력검정시험과지역적응시험을거치는일련의육종과정은 Fig. 과같다. 주요특성 소청호 는 Table 에서와같이유한신육형품종으로꽃은백색이고잎은난형이며, 모용은갈색, 성숙기의협은흑색이고종피색과제색은흑색이며, 자엽색은녹색이고, 입형은장타원형으로수확기협의자연개열은잘되지않는다 (Fig. ). 개화기는 7월 일로대비품종 청자콩 보다 일늦고, 성 숙기는 0월 일로서 청자콩 과같으며, 경장은 56 cm로 청자콩 보다 0 cm 짧고협수는 9개로 청자콩 보다 개많았다 (Table ). 00립의무게는. g으로소립종이다. 바이러스저항성은콩모자익바이러스 (SMV) 유묘접종 (G 7 H, G 6 H, G 5) 반응시국부반응을나타내었고, 콩포장에서모자이크증상은경미하였고괴저반응은없었다 (Table ). 불마름병에대한유묘접종및포장반응은 청자콩 과비슷하였으며, 검은뿌리썩음병발병정도도비슷하였다 (Table 4). 내습성인위적검정에서 청자콩 보다내습성이높았고, 협개열은약하고콩나방피해립율은 청자콩 과비슷하였다 (Table 5). 소청호 의조단백함량은 8.8% 로 청자콩 보다다소낮고, 조지방은 8.9% 로 청자콩 과비슷하였다. 경실종자는 0.5% 로낮고, 수분흡수율은 청자콩 보다높았다 (Table 6). Table. Inherent characteristics of Socheong determined by the regional adaptation yield trial. Growth habit Flower Leaf shape Pubescence Pod Seed coat Cotyledon Socheong Determinate White Oval Brown Black Black Green Elongated flattened Cheongjakong Determinate Purple Oval Brown Brown Black Green Spherical flattened Seed shape Table. Agronomic characteristics of Socheong determined by the regional adaptation yield trial from 007 to 009. Flowering date Maturity date Stem Height (cm) No. of nodes Lodging (0-9) z No. of pods Wt. of 00 seeds (g) Socheong July Oct. 56 9. Cheongjakong July 8 Oct. 66 4 6 6.7 z 0: Resistant, 9: Susceptible
58 韓育誌 (Kor. J. Breed. Sci.) 45(), 0 콩의대표적인기능성성분인아이소플라본함량이,0 μg /g으로 청자콩 보다높았으며, 특히다이드제인함량이매우높았다 (Table 7). 종피의안토시아닌색소함량은,847 μg /g 으로 청자콩 보다낮았다 (Table 8). 청국장가공적성에서 일품검정콩 보다발효정도는다소낮으나, 청국장수율및풍취에서좋았다. 메주가공수율은다 Table. The reaction of Socheong to the SMV of soybean determined by the regional adaptation yield trial from 007 to 009. SMV artificial inoculation z Natural infection G7H G6H G5 Mosaic (0-9) y Necrosis (%) Socheong L/- L/- -/- 0 Cheongjakong -/M -/M -/- 0 z Reaction of inoculated leaf/upper leaves, -: No symptom, L: Local, M: Mosaic y 0: resistant, 9: susceptible Table 4. The reaction of Socheong to the other diseases of soybean determined by the regional adaptation yield trial from 007 to 009. Bacterial pustule Stem root rot Artificial inoculation Natural infection (0-9) y (0-9) z (0-9) y Socheong 4 Cheongjakong 4 z 8ra strain 0: resistant, 9: susceptible (008-009) Table 5. The reaction of Socheong to the water stress and pod borer test determined by the regional yield trial from 007 to 009. Water stress Excess water (0-9) z Field test Pod shattering (0-9) z Oven dry for 7hr at 40 y Pod borer test (damaged seed, %) Socheong 6.5 Cheongjakong 6 9 5 4.9 z 0: tolerant, 9: susceptible 009 Table 6. Seed component analysis and water absorption of Socheong determined by the regional yield trial from 008 to 009. Chemical components (%) Seed hardness Water absorption rate (%) Crude protein Crude oil (%) hr. 6 hr. hr. Socheong 8.8 8.9 0.5 44.9 89. 7.9 Cheongjakong 40.9 8.4 0.0 46.6 85.8 5. Table 7. Comparison of isoflavone contents of Socheong determined by the regional yield trial from 007 to 009. Isoflavon ( μg /g) Daidzein Glycitein Genistein Total Socheong 65 55 898,0 Cheongjakong 75 05 64,94
검정콩녹색자엽소립신품종 소청 호 59 소낮으나, 발효정도및풍취에서 일품검정콩 보다우수하였다 (Table 9). 소청호 는 007년부터 009년까지 년간실시한지역적응시험결과 (RDA 00), 중남부 5개적응지역의평균수량성은 ha당.00톤으로 청자콩.87톤보다 7% 증수하였다 (Table 0). 소청호 는콩모자이크증상및괴저병 (SMV-N) 에비교적강하고, 적정파종기는단작지대는 5월하순이후, 모작지대는 6월중하순경으로조기파종시바이러스병이다소발생하며, 도복에는강하므로표준재배보다다소많이파종하는것이수량확보면에서유리하다. 불마름병에는다소약하므로병발생이심한지역은재배에유의하여야한다. 적요 소청호 는녹색자엽의검정콩으로내재해성이우수하고가공용에적합한신품종육성을목표로숙기가매우늦은대립검정콩인 밀양78호 와소립내재해도입종인 Peking 을 996년인공교배한 YS6 조합으로계통육종법으로선발하였고계통명은 밀양8호 이다. 꽃은백색이고자엽색은녹색이며, 입형은장타원형이며성숙기가지나면협의개열에는약하다. 성숙기는 0월 일로 청자콩 과같이다소빠른품종이며, 경장은 56 cm로 청자콩 보다 0 cm 짧고 00립의무게는. g인소립인품종이다. 도복에강하며포장재배시험에서콩모자이크바이러스병은다소발생하였고, 불마 Table 8. Comparison of anthocyanin contents of Socheong determined by the regional yield trial from 008 to 009. Anthocyanin ( μg / seed coat g) z Dpglc Cygal Cyglc Ptglc Pnglc Total Socheong - 44.0,45-68,847 Cheongjakong 5,7-0,799 996-7,04 z Dpglc: Delphinidin--glucoside, Cygal: Cyanidin--galactose, Cyglc: Cyanidin--glucoside, Ptglc : Petunidin--glucoside, Pn-glc; Peonidin--glucose Table 9. Cheongkugjiang processabilty and soybean malt of Socheong determined by the regional yield trial in 009. Cheongkugjiang processabilty Soybean Moeju Degree of Yield Degree of Yield fermentation Smell (-5) (-5) z (%) fermentation (-5) (%) Smell (-5) Socheong. 08.6 4. 55 4.6 Ilpumgeomjeong-kong.9 77..8 59 4. Taekwangkong. 95..8 77 4. z : very bad, : bad, : middle, 4: good, 5: very good Table 0. Yield of Socheong on the regional yield trials determined by the regional yield trial. Socheong (ton/ha, A) Index Cheongjakong (ton/ha, B) Location (A/B 007 008 009 Mean 00) z 007 008 009 Mean Daegu..6 -.7.88.0 -.96 Iksan..66 -.94 0.6.6 -.90 Yesan...4.8 0 0.97.78.4.66 Miryang - -.4.4 07 - -.6.6 Chilgok..47 -.0 9.8.6 -.50 Mean.7.5.8.00 07.69.9.5.87 z no significant at the t-test
60 韓育誌 (Kor. J. Breed. Sci.) 45(), 0 름병에대한유묘접종및포장반응은 청자콩 과비슷하나약한편이다. 종실성분으로조단백함량은 8.8% 로 청자콩 보다다소낮았고, 종실의아이소플라본함량은,0μg /g으로 청자콩 보다높았다. 청국장가공적성에서 일품검정콩 보다발효정도는다소낮으나, 청국장수율및풍취에서우수하였다. 소청호 의중남부지역 5개소의평균수량성은 ha 당.00톤으로 청자콩 대비 7% 증수하였다. 인용문헌. Barnes S. 998. Evolution of the health benefits of soy isoflavone. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 7: 86-9.. Baek IY, Kang ST, Shin DC, Choung MG, Han WY, Kwack YH, Moon HP. 00. A new black soybean variety with green cotyledon, early maturity and large seed size Cheongjakong. Kor. J. Breed. Sci. (): 40-4.. Choung MG, Baek IY, Kang ST, Han WY, Shin DC, Moon HP, Kang KH. 00. Isolation and determination of anthocyanins in seed coats of black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). J. Agric. food Chem. 49: 5848-585. 4. Guh JO, Rhee CO, Lee YM. 98. Basic studies on the native ed-soybean cultivars. Kor. J. of Crop Sci. 8(): 45-50. 5. Im CM, Kwon SH, Bae MS, Jung KO, Moon SH, Park KY. 006. Characteristics and increased antimutagenic effect of black soybean (Var. Seoritae) Chingkukjang. Cancer Prev. Res. : 8-4. 6. Kim SD, Kim YH, Lee SH, Hong EH. 99. Characteristics of black soybean for cooking with rice in Korea. Kor. Soybean Dig. 9(): -. 7. Rural Development Administration. 009. Project report for collaborative research program to develop new variety of summer crop. 8. Rural Development Administration. 00. Committee report 009 to select new variety of job accomplishment in agricultural crop. 9. Tomomatsu H. 994. Health effects of oligosaccharides. Food Technol. 48(): 6.