<30372E20BFF8C0FA BCBABAC0B1D42DC0CCB1D4C5C32E687770>

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "<30372E20BFF8C0FA BCBABAC0B1D42DC0CCB1D4C5C32E687770>"

Transcription

1 대한내과학회지 : 제 88 권제 2 호 조기담낭암진단을위한임상특징연구 성균관대학교의과대학삼성서울병원내과 성봉규 송주연 배선윤 이광혁 이종균 이종철 이규택 Clinical Characteristics of Early-Stage Gallbladder Cancer Bonggyu Seong, Ju Yeun Song, Sun Youn Bae, Kwang Hyuck Lee, Jong Kyun Lee, Jong Chul Rhee, and Kyu Taek Lee Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Background/Aims: Early detection of gallbladder (GB) cancer is essential for better survival rates. Most cases of GB cancer are diagnosed incidentally via pathology of the cholecystectomy specimen. Data on the clinical characteristics of early GB cancer are lacking. The aim of the current study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of early GB cancer to aid earlier diagnosis. Methods: Sixty-four patients who were diagnosed with early GB cancer after surgical resection at the Samsung Medical Center were enrolled in this study. Clinical characteristics, preoperative diagnoses, preoperative tumor size, laboratory findings including carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) levels, imaging features, and survival rate were investigated. Results: Clinical symptoms and serum tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen and CA19-9 levels were not helpful indicators of early GB cancer. Radiologic modalities showed abnormal findings in every case of early GB cancer; a polypoid mass was the most common feature. Less common features included GB wall thickening, cholecystitis, and GB stones. The clinical outcome of early GB cancer was excellent. Conclusions: Screening with imaging modalities such as computed tomography (CT) or ultrasonography (US) is helpful in detecting early GB cancer. Even in the presence of GB wall thickening, cholecystitis, or GB stones on the CT or US, any abnormal findings should prompt careful examination and intensive follow up, considering the possibility of occult gallbladder cancer. (Korean J Med 2015;88: ) Keywords: Gallbladder neoplasm; Screening; Ultrasonography, Multidetector computed tomography Received: Revised: Accepted: Correspondence to Kyu Taek Lee M.D., Ph.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul , Korea Tel: , Fax: , happymap@skku.edu *Bonggyu Seong, Ju Yeun Song contributed equally to this work. Copyright c 2015 The Korean Association of Internal Medicine This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

2 - The Korean Journal of Medicine: Vol. 88, No. 2, 서론담낭및기타담도암은국내발생률이 2010년 9위이지만, 전체암사망에서차지하는사망분율은 6위에달하고 년까지 5년간의상대적인생존율은 27.6% 에달하는치명적인암이다 [1]. 그러나미국암통계에따르면조기담낭암에해당하는 0기, 1기담낭암은 5년생존율이각각 60%, 39% 로조기에발견하면완치를기대할수있는질병이다 [2]. 담낭암은병변의담낭벽침범정도 (T) 에따라상피내암 (Tis), 점막고유층에국한된암 (T1a), 고유근층에국한된암 (T1b) 의경우를조기담낭암으로정의하고있으며 [3,4], 이보다더진행된경우진행성담낭암으로구분한다. 담낭암은워낙급속히퍼지고담낭염과유사한임상특징을가지므로조기담낭암을진단하기쉽지않고많은경우담낭절제후조직병리검사에서밝혀진다 [5,6]. 국내의경우 2004년부터국가암검진사업이시행되고국민들의건강에대한관심이높아지면서건강검진이많이이뤄지고있다. 이로인해무증상성인에서의각종혈액검사, 영상검사등의빈도가상당히높다. 이러한국내상황에서담낭암환자의생존율향상을위해어떤검사방법과임상특징들이조기담낭암진단에도움이될수있는지알아보았다. 대상및방법삼성서울병원에서 1999년부터 2009년까지 10년동안에담낭암으로수술을받은 300명의환자중조기담낭암 (Tis, T1a, T1b) 으로진단된 64명의환자가본후향적연구에등록되었으며본연구는본원의임상연구심의위원회심의를통과하였다. 본연구에서는의무기록을검토하여진단당시의나이, 성별, 증상유무, 영상검사소견, 혈액검사결과, 추적관찰정보등을조사하였다. 증상으로는담낭암에서동반될수있는복통, 소화불량, 우상복부에촉지되는종괴, 체중감소등을호소하였는지알아보았다. 담낭암에부합하지않은증상을주소로한경우무증상으로내원한것으로간주하였다. 진단시촬영되었던영상에대한본원의영상의학과복부영상전문의의판독결과를조사하였다. 판독결과는담낭내종괴, 담석, 담낭염, 미만성담낭벽비후, 선근종증등으로분류하였다. 전산화단층촬영 (computed tomography, CT) 과초음파 (ultrasonography, US) 에서종괴의악성 양성판독여부에관계없이종괴로분류하고크기정보도수집하였다. 진단시참조한혈액검사결과중아스파라진산아미노전이효소 (aspartate aminotransferase, AST), 알라닌아미노전이효소 (alanine aminotransferase, ALT), 알칼리성인산분해효소 (alkaline phosphatase, ALP), 혈청빌리루빈, 종양표지자검사결과중 carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) 의농도를조사하였다. 담낭병변에대한수술방법으로는복강경담낭절제술, 개복담낭절제술, 개복담낭절제술과간쐐기절제술로구성되는근치적담낭절제술, 단순담낭절제술이후 2차로이루어진확대수술, 유문보존췌장십이지장절제술 (pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy, PPPD) 등이이루어졌다. 수술후표본에서 American Joint Committee on Cancer 6차가이드라인에따라담낭암의병리분류와 T 병기설정이이루어졌고, 림프절절제를한경우 N 병기설정도함께이루어져국소림프절을침범하지않은경우 N0로기록되었다. 환자들의추적관찰은수술후최소 2년이상 CT와 US를통해이루어졌으며, 이때까지의재발여부, 생존여부가관찰되었다. 결과대상환자군개요조기담낭암으로진단받은환자군의진단당시평균나이는 63.4세였고남성환자 32명 (50%), 여성환자 32명 (50%) 으로차이를보이지않았다. 0기인 Tis가 6명 (9.4%) 이었고, T1a 27명 (42.2%) 과 T1b 31명 (48.4%) 으로대부분이 1기에해당됐다. 수술은각각복강경담낭절제술 19명 (29.7%), 개복담낭절제술 25명 (39.1%), 근치적담낭절제술 16명 (25.0%), 단순담낭절제술이후 2차수술을추가한경우 3명 (4.7%), PPPD 1명 (1.6%) 에서이루어졌다 (Table 1). 추적관찰기간의중앙값은 48.5개월이었고추적관찰중 62명 (96.9%) 이생존하였으며 1명 (1.6%) 에서재발하였다. 조기담낭암으로진단된계기담낭에병변이있어수술하게된계기를분석했을때무증상이었으나 CT나 US에서이상소견이발견되어수술후조기담낭암으로진단된증례가 43예 (67.2%) 로가장많았다

3 - Bonggyu Seong, et al. Early gallbladder cancer - Table 1. General patient characteristics Patient characteristics Total (n = 64) Sex, number Male Female 32 (50) 32 (50) Age (mean), yr 63.4 T stage, number Tis T1a T1b Operation, number Laparoscopic cholecystectomy Open cholecystectomy Radical cholecystectomy Extended surgery after simple cholecystectomy Others (PPPD, etc.) PPPD, pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy. 6 (9.4) 27 (42.2) 31 (48.4) 19 (29.7) 25 (39.1) 16 (25.0) 3 (4.7) 단지 17명 (26.6%) 만이임상증상을호소하였고, 증상이있었던 17명의환자중복통을호소하는환자가 13명 (20.3%) 으로가장많은비중을차지하였으며, 소화불량이 2명 (3.1%), 만져지는덩어리 1명 (1.6%) 과체중감소 1명 (1.6%) 의순이었다 (Table 2). 증상이있었던환자중영상소견이상은모두에게서발견되었다. 유증상자 17명모두에서공통적으로종괴가발견되었으며이중담석소견을동반한환자가 4 명 (23.5%) 이었고, 염증소견을동반한환자가 1명 (5.9%) 이었다 (Table 3). 담낭절제적응증에해당되지는않았지만영상에서만성담낭염이나담낭담석증등의소견을보여대장암수술시예방적으로함께절제한담낭표본에서우연히담낭암이발견된경우도 4예 (6.3%) 가있었다. 진단당시처음부터혈액검사소견이상인종양표지자상승때문에담낭이상이의심되어수술을시행받았던환자는없었고, 영상소견에서담낭이상소견이보여이차적으로검사한환자중 12.5% 에서만 CA19-9가증가되어있었다 (Table 2). 조기담낭암환자의분석 혈액검사조기담낭암환자의혈액검사에서 CA19-9, CEA, 혈청빌리루빈, AST, ALT, ALP 수치를확인하였다. CA19-9의경우 Table 2. Diagnostic clues of early gallbladder cancer Reason of inspection or evidence of diagnosis Symptom Abdominal pain Dyspepsia Palpable mass Weight loss Total (n = 64) 17 (26.6) 13 (20.3) Abnormal findings on CT or US 43 (67.2) Abnormal laboratory findings 0 (0.0) Incidental discovery in cholecystectomy 4 (6.3) specimen CT, computed tomography; US, ultrasonography. Table 3. Imaging findings of symptomatic patients Imaging findings of symptomatic patients Total (n = 17) Polyp 17 (100.0) Stone 4 (23.5) Inflammation a 1 (5.9) a Cholecystitis, empyema. 전체 64명중 56명 (87.5%) 에서검사가시행되었고이중 8명 (12.5%) 만이상승된수치를보였다. 이를통해많은조기담낭암환자에서종양표지자인 CA19-9 검사가시행되고있지만조기담낭암에대한민감도가높지않음을알수있었다. CEA의경우 39명 (60.9%) 의환자에서검사되었고이중 2명 (3.1%) 만이상승된수치를나타내어 CA19-9와마찬가지로조기담낭암환자에서대부분상승하지않음을확인할수있었다. 전체환자중혈청빌리루빈은 4명 (6.2%), AST 4명 (6.2%), ALT 5명 (7.8%), ALP 3명 (4.7%) 에서상승소견이나타났다. 또한이들검사항목에이상이있는경우거의대부분암이나용종, 종괴소견이영상으로확인되었다. 용종, 종괴가나타나지않은경우로는 CA19-9가올랐는데미만성담낭벽비후만나타난경우 1명, 담낭담석만발견되고빌리루빈이증가한경우 1명이었다 (Table 4). 영상소견 조기담낭암의모든환자에서영상검사가이뤄졌다. 그중최초영상장비는 CT와 US가사용되었는데최초영상장비로 CT가사용된경우가 37건 (57.8%) 이었고, US는 27건

4 - 대한내과학회지 : 제 88 권제 2 호통권제 654 호 Table 4. Blood test results of patients Blood test CA19-9 (U/mL) Total Elevation CEA (ng/ml) Total Elevation Serum bilirubin (mg/dl) Elevation Mean (standard deviation) 35.4 (89.18) (179.35) 1.6 (1.38) 6.39 (1.26) N (%) 56 (87.5) 8 (12.5) 39 (60.9) 2.93 (1.61) 3 (4.7) Normal range AST (U/L) 0-40 Elevation (277.76) 4 (6.3) ALT (U/L) 0-40 Elevation (120.41) 5 (7.8) ALP (U/L) Elevation (81.13) 3 (4.7) Values are presented as number (%) or mean (standard deviation). CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase. Table 6. Measurements of the mass on imaging N (%) Tumor size (cm) Mean 2.71 (standard deviation, 1.63) < 1 3 (4.7) (26.6) (28.1) (14.1) (6.3) (6.3) a Unknown b 6 (9.4) a 10 cm. b Cases with stones, inflammation, and gallbladder wall thickening without polyps or masses. Table 5. Imaging findings of patients (n = 64) Imaging findings N (%) Polyp or mass With stone With inflammation a Inflammation a without polyp or mass With stone Diffuse GB wall thickening With stone 58 (90.6) 11 (17.2) Stone only GB, gallbladder. a Cholecystitis, empyema. (42.2%) 으로조사되었다. 관찰된영상소견으로는용종또는덩어리가 58명 (90.6%) 으로가장큰비율을차지했고, 염증 2 명 (3.1%), 미만성담낭벽비후 2명 (3.1%) 이었으며담석만발견된환자도 2명 (3.1%) 이었다. 용종또는덩어리를제외하고가장흔한소견은담석으로, 용종환자 58명중 11명 (20.0%), 용종없는염증환자 2명중 1명 (50.0%), 미만성담낭벽비후환자 2명중 1명 (50.0%) 을차지했다. 64명의조기담낭암환자는다양한영상소견을보이긴하였으나모두비정상적인 Figure 1. Misdiagnosed case of gallbladder cancer. Arterial phase CT shows focal wall thickening of the GB fundus with several stones in the GB neck and cystic duct. Arrow indicates focal wall thickening of gallbladder. The patient visited the hospital for epigastric pain and the CT scan showed multiple stones in the distal common bile duct, gallbladder neck, and cystic duct, along with focal gallbladder wall thickening. He was diagnosed with cholangitis due to a common bile duct stone and underwent laparoscopic cystectomy. Pathologic findings indicated a microscopic focal carcinoma with chronic cholecystitis. CT, computed tomography; GB, gallbladder. 영상소견을나타냈다 (Table 5). 영상에서관찰된용종크기는전체 64명중 58명에서 cm 범위로측정되었고, 그중 3명 (4.7%) 만이 1 cm 미만의

5 - 성봉규외 6 인. 조기담낭암진단을위한임상특징 - 용종을지니고있었다. 그러나 1-2 cm 크기의용종이 17명 (26.6%), 2-3 cm (28.1%) 용종이 18명에서발견되어과반수가 1-3 cm 크기의용종을지니고있었다. 3-4 cm가 9명 (14.1%), 4-5 cm와 5-6 cm가각각 4명 (6.3%), 6-7 cm 2명 (3.1%), 7 cm 이상 1명 (1.6%) 으로측정되었으며평균 2.58 cm로나타났다. 6명에서는종괴의소견이없었으므로용종크기가측정되지않았다 (Table 6, and Fig. 1). 고찰담낭암은 5년생존율이 0-10% 정도로예후가매우불량한암이다 [7]. 하지만조기담낭암은 5년생존율이 68% 로보고될정도로예후가좋다 [8]. 현재진행성담낭암의예후를향상시킬치료방법이부족하기때문에담낭암을조기에발견하여수술하는것이담낭암의전체예후를향상시킬수있는가장좋은방법이될수있다. 따라서본연구는담낭암의조기발견을위한임상적특징을찾기위해삼성서울병원에서수술하여조기담낭암으로확진된증례를후향적으로분석하였다. 임상증상은전체조기담낭암환자의 26.6% 에서발견되었고복통, 소화불량, 체중감소등과같이비특이적인증상들이었다. 기존논문에서도담낭암의일반적인증상은비특이적이며병이진행할때까지는대개무증상이라고알려져 [7,9,10] 본연구결과를뒷받침한다. 전체담낭암환자에서가장흔한증상은본연구와마찬가지로우상복부통증이었으나 80% 이상의환자에서보고되어 [7,11] 진행된담낭암과달리조기에는증상이나타나지않음을알수있었다. 결국담낭암의증상으로우상복부통증, 체중감소등의증상이알려져있지만조기담낭암에서발견되는빈도가낮고비특이적이므로담낭암의조기발견에있어임상증상의역할이크지않다고할수있다. 혈액검사의종양표지자 CA19-9와 CEA는임상에서가장흔히사용되지만주로진행된병기에서상승하고특이도가낮아담낭암진단에단독으로사용되기는어렵다 [12]. 볼리비아의한연구에서는고위험군이잘설정된다면담낭암선별검사로유용할것이라전망하였지만 [13] 작은병변을발견하는데적합하지는않다는보고가있고 [14] 조기담낭암을대상으로한본연구에서도역시 CEA, CA19-9 가각각 3.1%, 12.5% 의환자에서만상승을보여종양표지자가담낭암 의조기진단에유용하지않음을알수있었다. 현재 messenger RNA (mrna), DNA 메틸화등새로운분자생물학표지자가연구개발중이며 [12], 이들의유용성이입증되기전까지는혈액검사의종양표지자로담낭암을조기발견하기는어려울것으로보인다. 본연구에서담낭암을발견하게된계기로는 US나 CT 등영상소견이 67.2% 로가장많은비율을차지하여유용하게사용되었음을알수있었다. 그리고모든환자에서진단용으로영상이촬영되었으며조기담낭암으로진단된모든환자의영상에서비정상소견이발견되었다. 본연구가담낭절제술을시행받은환자만을대상으로조사된후향적연구이기에영상소견에서담낭이정상이었는데도담낭절제술을받은환자는없었다. 그러나영상검사에서는담낭의경미한이상소견으로담낭암을전혀의심하지못하고수술했던경우에서도조기담낭암이발견되었다는점에서영상검사에서담낭의이상소견이경미하다고간과해서는안되며추적관찰이필요하다. 영상소견으로는용종혹은종괴가가장많았고덩어리없이담낭벽비후, 담낭염증, 담낭담석등만있는경우도있었다. 증상이있거나혈액검사이상이있을때에도어김없이영상에서이상소견이있었다. 이결과들을통해담낭암의조기진단을위해서는영상의이상소견에주목하고관심을가져야한다는것을알게되었다. 본연구의영상소견이상중용종및종괴는조기담낭암환자의 90.7% 를차지하는중요한소견으로 US나 CT로처음발견되었다. 일반적으로진단정확도가 90% 에달하는복부 US가담낭을촬영하는첫검사로많이이용되며이후악성용종이의심될때수술전검사및주변장기와원격전이확인을목적으로 CT 촬영이권유된다 [15]. 용종의영상소견중에서도크기 10 mm 이상의용종, 납작한용종, 담석이함께보이는용종등은악성병변을포함하고있을가능성이높아담낭절제의적응증에해당한다. 특히크기 10 mm 이상의용종에서는악성소견이증가하는것이관찰되었고 [16-18], 악성용종의크기와종양의침윤범위는서로상관관계가있다고알려져있다 [19]. 본연구에서도용종소견을보인조기담낭암환자의 95.3% 에서크기가 10 mm 이상으로나타나앞선연구결과와종합해볼때크기가계속증가하여 10 mm를넘어가는용종에대해서는적절한치료가필요할것이다 [20-22]. 담낭벽비후는담낭용종보다도악성비율이높은소견으

6 - The Korean Journal of Medicine: Vol. 88, No. 2, 로벽두께가 10 mm 를넘는경우악성소견으로간주된다 [23]. 일반적인전체담낭암영상을대상으로한보고에서는담낭을완전히차지하여내강이보이지않는종괴 40-65%, 담낭벽비후 20-30%, 내강이보이는용종 15-20% 으로용종보다담낭벽비후가높은빈도를차지했지만 [24] 본연구에서담낭벽비후는 3.1% 에불과했다. 이는담낭벽비후가좀더진행된뒤에발견되기때문에조기담낭암을대상으로한본연구에서는낮은비율로나온것으로보인다. 담낭염증소견도소수에서발견되었는데, 초음파에서악성이의심되는담낭벽비후소견과담낭염증소견을감별하기는쉽지않다. 만약초음파에서의소견이비특이적이라면 CT가유용할수있다. CT 소견에서악성종양은점막에서자라나동맥공급을많이받아조영증강되지만염증은담낭벽전체, 그중에서도장막쪽에서부종이발생하여조영증강이적게되는경우가많다. 담낭벽비후의불규칙함, 비대칭, 국소적비후는전형적인악성소견으로알려져있다 [25]. 따라서담낭벽비후소견혹은담낭염증소견이있을때악성가능성을항상염두에두고악성소견이나타나지않는지주의를기울여추적관찰해야할것이다. 담석은담낭암과동반하여가장흔히관찰되는소견으로 [25] 본연구에서도종괴소견다음으로흔하였으나대부분종괴와공존하고있었다. 영상소견에서는용종없이담석만있었으나수술후검체에서 3 mm, 10 mm 종괴가발견된본연구의사례를볼때담석에악성병변이가려져있을가능성을고려하여추적관찰해야할것이다. 본연구는단일연구기관에서진행된후향적연구라는점에서근본적인한계가있다. 그러나담낭암이그리흔치않고그중에서도조기담낭암은수술전진단율이낮기때문에후향적설계는불가피하며본기관은삼차의료기관으로담낭절제후우연히발견된담낭암을관리하기위해전원되는주요의료기관중하나이므로조기담낭암의진단을돕기위한임상적특징을알아보는데큰무리가없는조건이다. 요약하면조기담낭암으로수술을받은환자를대상으로한본후향적연구에서복통, 체중감소등의임상증상과 CA19-9, CEA 등혈액검사이상소견은잘발견되지않았다. 반면 CT나 US와같은영상에서는조기담낭암환자모두에서이상소견을보여영상촬영이조기담낭암을발견하기위한가장유력한진단도구임을알수있었다. 용종뿐아니 라담낭벽비후, 담낭염, 담낭담석소견만을보인다고하여도영상에서이상소견이발견된다면숨겨진담낭암의존재를고려하고 US나 CT 등으로주의를기울여추적관찰하는것이필요하겠다. 요 목적 : 담낭암의생존율향상에있어조기발견은매우중요하다. 그러나조기담낭암은수술전진단되기보다는수술후담낭절제표본의조직병리검사에서우연히발견되는경우가많아서조기담낭암의임상특징에대한자료가부족한실정이다. 본연구는담낭암을조기에발견하는데도움을줄수있는조기담낭암의임상특징을조사하는것을목적으로하였다. 방법 : 삼성서울병원에서수술적절제후조기담낭암으로진단된 64명의환자가본연구에등록되었다. 임상증상, 수술전진단, 수술전종양크기, CA19-9 를포함한혈액검사결과, 영상소견, 수술후조직소견, 생존율등을조사하였다. 결과 : 임상증상과 CEA, CA19-9 등의혈청종양표지자수치는조기담낭암발견에도움이되지않았다. 영상검사에서의이상소견은모든조기담낭암증례에서발견되었다. 용종형태의종괴가조기담낭암의가장흔한영상특징이었으며, 이외에도담낭벽비후, 담낭염, 담낭담석등의소견에조기담낭암이발견되었다. 조기담낭암의수술후예후는우수했다. 결론 : CT나 US와같은영상선별검사를통해담낭에이상소견을밝히는것이조기담낭암발견에유용하다. 담낭벽비후, 담낭염, 담낭담석이라하더라도 CT나 US 등영상에서이상소견이보이면숨어있는담낭암의가능성을고려하여심도있는검사와추적관찰이필요하다. 약 중심단어 : 조기담낭암 ; 선별검사 ; 영상 REFERENCES 1. Jung KW, Won YJ, Kong HJ, Oh CM, Seo HG, Lee JS. Cancer statistics in Korea: incidence, mortality, survival and prevalence in Cancer Res Treat 2013;45: Donohue JH, Stewart AK, Menck HR. The national cancer data base report on carcinoma of gallbladder, Cancer 1998;83:

7 - Bonggyu Seong, et al. Early gallbladder cancer - 3. Kinoshita H, Hashino K, Hashimoto M, et al. Clinicopathological evaluation of surgical treatment for early gallbladder cancer. Kurume Med J 2001;48: You DD, Lee HG, Paik KY, Heo JS, Choi SH, Choi DW. What is an adequate extent of resection for T1 gallbladder cancers? Ann Surg 2008;247: Duffy A, Capanu M, Abou-Alfa GK, et al. Gallbladder cancer (GBC): 10-year experience at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Centre (MSKCC). J Surg Oncol 2008;98: Yamaguchi K, Chijiiwa K, Saiki S, et al. Retrospective analysis of 70 operations for gallbladder carcinoma. Br J Surg 1997;84: Misra S, Chaturvedi A, Misra NC, Sharma ID. Carcinoma of the gallbladder. Lancet Oncol 2003;4: Wagholikar GD, Behari A, Krishnani N, et al. Early gallbladder cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2002;194: Gourgiotis S, Kocher HM, Solaini L, Yarollahi A, Tsiambas E, Salemis NS. Gallbladder cancer. Am J Surg 2008;196: Box JC, Edge SB. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy and unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma. Semin Surg Oncol 1999; 16: Batra Y, Pal S, Dutta U, et al. Gallbladder cancer in India: a dismal picture. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2005;20: Srivastava K, Srivastava A, Mittal B. Potential biomarkers in gallbladder cancer: present status and future directions. Biomarkers 2013;18: Strom BL, Iliopoulos D, Atkinson B, et al. Pathophysiology of tumor progression in human gallbladder: flow cytometry, CEA, and CA 19-9 levels in bile and serum in different stages of gallbladder disease. J Natl Cancer Inst 1989;81: Ritts RE Jr, Nagorney DM, Jacobsen DJ, Talbot RW, Zurawski VR Jr. Comparison of preoperative serum CA 19-9 levels with results of diagnostic imaging modalities in patients undergoing laparotomy for suspected pancreatic or gallbladder disease. Pancreas 1994;9: Pilgrim CH, Groeschl RT, Pappas SG, Gamblin TC. An often overlooked diagnosis: imaging features of gallbladder cancer. J Am Coll Surg 2013;216: Boutros C, Gary M, Baldwin K, Somasundar P. Gallbladder cancer: past, present and uncertain future. Surg Oncol 2012; 21:e183-e Aldouri AQ, Malik HZ, Waytt J, et al. The risk of gallbladder cancer from polyps in a large multiethnic series. Eur J Surg Oncol 2009;35: Shin SR, Lee JK, Lee KH, et al. Can the growth rate of a gallbladder polyp predict a neoplastic polyp? J Clin Gastroenterol 2009;43: Lee KF, Wong J, Li JC, Lai PB. Polypoid lesions of gallbladder. Am J Surg 2004;188: Kubota K, Bandai Y, Noie T, Ishizaki Y, Teruya M, Makuuchi M. How should polypoid lesions of the gallbladder be treated in the era of laparoscopic cholecystectomy? Surgery 1995;117: Toda K, Souda S, Yoshikawa Y, Momiyama T, Ohshima M. Significance of laparoscopic excisional biopsy for polypoid lesions of the gallbladder. Surg Laparosc Endosc 1995;5: Gurusamy KS, Abu-Amara M, Farouk M, Davidson BR. Cholecystectomy for gallbladder polyp. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009;(1):CD Itai Y, Araki T, Yoshikawa K, Furui S, Yashiro N, Tasaka A. Computed tomography of gallbladder carcinoma. Radiology 1980;137: Rodríguez-Fernández A, Gómez-Río M, Medina-Benítez A, et al. Application of modern imaging methods in diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. J Surg Oncol 2006;93: Wibbenmeyer LA, Sharafuddin MJ, Wolverson MK, Heiberg EV, Wade TP, Shields JB. Sonographic diagnosis of unsuspected gallbladder cancer: imaging findings in comparison with benign gallbladder conditions. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1995;165:

120304강신용

120304강신용 Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors Influencing Long-term Survival in pt2 Gallbladder Carcinoma Patients Purpose: The prognosis of gallbladder carcinoma is unfavorable, and the depth of invasion,

More information

김범수

김범수 Analysis of Outcomes after Resection of Sarcomatous Hepatocellular Carcinoma Purpose: Sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare. Therefore, the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis

More information

Lumbar spine

Lumbar spine Lumbar spine CT 32 111 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.111 Lumbar Spine CT 32 Received : 10. 05. 23 Revised : 10. 06. 04 Accepted : 10. 06. 11 Key Words: Disc herniation, CT scan, Clinical analysis The Clinical

More information

황지웅

황지웅 Comparison of Laparoscopy and Exploration in the Distal Pancreatectomy BACKGROUND: To determine the benefits of laparoscopic surgery compared with exploration, the clinical outcomes of open and laparoscopic

More information

Kjhps016( ).hwp

Kjhps016( ).hwp Surgical Extent and Types in Pancreatic Cancer Song Cheol Kim, M.D. Department of Surgery, Ulsan University College of Medicine & Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea Pancreatic cancer continues to pose a

More information

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II)

전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) 전립선암발생률추정과관련요인분석 : The Korean Cancer Prevention Study-II (KCPS-II) - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - - v - - vi - - vii - - viii - - ix - -

More information

내시경 conference

내시경 conference 부울경소화기내시경학회 6월집담회 고신대학교복음병원소화기내과전임의서광일 F/63 CASE C.C) epigastric pain for 2 wks P. I) 2014.04.16 EGD at LMC adm via OPD for further evaluation. P. Hx) CASE HTN/DM/Hepatitis/Tbc (+/+/-/-) S. Hx) N-S ROS)

More information

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770>

<30322EBABBB9AE2E687770> 대한내과학회지 : 제 80 권부록 1 호 2011 개원의연수강좌 담낭용종의진단및치료가이드라인 경희대학교의과대학소화기내과학교실 동석호 서론초음파검사가건강검진등의목적으로널리시행되면서담석이나용종등의담낭질환들이많이발견되고있다. 담석의경우관련증상이뚜렷하지않으면치료하지않는것이원칙이다. 그러나담낭에서작은혹처럼보이는용종이발견되면악성을배제할수없기때문에, 그다음어찌해야할것인지종종딜레마에빠지게된다.

More information

(49-54)Kjhps004.hwp

(49-54)Kjhps004.hwp Biliary Cystadenoma and Cystadenocarcinoma of the Liver Jae Hoon Lee, M.D., Dong Ho Choi, M.D. 1, Kyeong Geun Lee, M.D., Hwon Kyum Park M.D. and Kwang Soo Lee, M.D. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine,

More information

노영남

노영남 Purpose: Delayed massive hemorrhages from pseudoaneurysm rupture of the peripancreatic large arteries, after pancreaticoduodenectomy, are fatal. We reviewed the clinical course and outcome of bleeding

More information

Kaes017.hwp

Kaes017.hwp 갑상선의 Poorly Differentiated (Insular) Carcinoma Insular Carcinoma: An Aggressive Subtype of Differentiated Thyroid Neoplasms Seok-Jin Nam, M.D., Sang-Dal Lee, M.D., Hal-lin Park, M.D., Young-Ryun Oh, M.D.

More information

<B0E6C8F1B4EBB3BBB0FA20C0D3BBF3B0ADC1C E687770>

<B0E6C8F1B4EBB3BBB0FA20C0D3BBF3B0ADC1C E687770> 2012 개원의와함께하는임상강좌 경희대학교의과대학소화기내과학교실 동석호 담석증 About 10 20% of people in most western countries, 50 70% asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis. 담석 Gallstones 2012 개원의와함께하는임상강좌 맞춤진료 : 증례위주의실전강의 담석증흔한병이고, 의료비도많이든다.

More information

012임수진

012임수진 Received : 2012. 11. 27 Reviewed : 2012. 12. 10 Accepted : 2012. 12. 12 A Clinical Study on Effect of Electro-acupuncture Treatment for Low Back Pain and Radicular Pain in Patients Diagnosed with Lumbar

More information

386-390.hwp

386-390.hwp 386 HANYANG MEDICAL REVIEWS Vol. 29 No. 4, 2009 우리나라 미숙아의 통계와 의료비용 Statistics and Medical Cost of Preterm in Korea 윤혜선 을지대학교 노원을지병원 소아청소년과학교실 Hye Sun Yoon, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pediatrics, Nowon

More information

A 617

A 617 Special Issue Diabetic Retinopathy Won Ki Lee, M.D. Department of Ophthalmology The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine Kangnam St. Mary s Hospital E mail : wklee@catholic.ac.kr Abstract R

More information

( )Jkstro011.hwp

( )Jkstro011.hwp 비인강암의방사선치료결과및생존율에관한예후인자분석 2005 2 1 2005 3 28. :, Tel: 053)250-7665, Fax: 053)250-7984 E-mail: jhkim@dsmc.or.kr 정영연외 2 인 : 비인강암의예후인자분석 정영연외 2 인 : 비인강암의예후인자분석 Carcinoma of the nasopharynx treated by radiotherapy

More information

Korean Journal of HBP Surgery Vol. 11, No 3, September 원 저 복강경담낭절제술후발견된담낭암에대한고찰 Gallbladder Carcinomas found after a Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Purp

Korean Journal of HBP Surgery Vol. 11, No 3, September 원 저 복강경담낭절제술후발견된담낭암에대한고찰 Gallbladder Carcinomas found after a Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Purp Korean Journal of HBP Surgery Vol. 11, No 3, September 원 저 복강경담낭절제술후발견된담낭암에대한고찰 Gallbladder Carcinomas found after a Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Purpose: An laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is being

More information

Jkbcs016(92-97).hwp

Jkbcs016(92-97).hwp Expression of bcl-2 and Apoptosis and Its Relationship to Clinicopathological Prognostic Factors in Breast Cancer - A Study with Long Term Follow-up correlated with the survival rate.(journal of Korean

More information

< C3E1B0E8C7D0BCFAB4EBC8B82DB0ADC0C7B7CF2E687770>

< C3E1B0E8C7D0BCFAB4EBC8B82DB0ADC0C7B7CF2E687770> Essentials of Primary Care: 소화기 무증상담낭이상소견의진단및치료 동국대학교의과대학, 동국대학교일산병원내과학교실 이준규 서론최근우리나라에서는건강검진의적극적인시행과검사방법의발달로무증상담낭이상소견이예전에비하여많이발견되고있다. 대부분은양성병변이지만일부담낭용종의경우에는진단당시에이미악성화되어있거나혹은차후에라도담낭암으로진행할수있다. 따라서자연경과및위험인자등에대한정확한이해를바탕으로하여적절한치료방침을결정하여야한다.

More information

Kbcs002.hwp

Kbcs002.hwp Does Real-time Compound Imaging Improve Evaluation of reast Cancer Compared to Conventional Sonography? o Kyoung Seo, M.D., Yu Whan Oh, M.D., Kyu Ran Cho, M.D., Young Hen Lee, M.D., Hyung Joon Noh, M.D.,

More information

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ

139~144 ¿À°ø¾àħ 2 139 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.2.139 2 Received : 10. 04. 08 Revised : 10. 04. 26 Two Case Report on Wrist Ganglion Treated with Scolopendrid Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 05. 04 Key Words: Wrist Ganglion,

More information

<30382EC0C7C7D0B0ADC1C22E687770>

<30382EC0C7C7D0B0ADC1C22E687770> 대한내과학회지: 제 76 권 제 2 호 2009 의학강좌-개원의를 위한 모범처방(Current Clinical Practice) 간기능검사의 이해와 적용 인제대학교 의과대학 일산백병원 내과학교실 김 경 아 Understanding and application of liver function tests Kyung-Ah Kim, M.D. Department of

More information

untitled

untitled J Korean Surg Soc 2010;78:225-230 DOI: 10.4174/jkss.2010.78.4.225 원 저 복강경 충수절제술시 함께 시행된 만성 담낭 병변의 동시절제 이화여자대학교 의과대학 목동병원 외과학교실, 1 한솔병원 외과, 2 성균관대학교 의과대학 강북삼성병원 외과학교실, 3 한양대학교 의과대학 구리병원 외과학교실 이안복ㆍ이정은 1

More information

Jkss hwp

Jkss hwp 급성복증을보이는감염성요막관기형 Infected Urachal Remnants with Symtoms of the Acute Abdomen: The Differential Diagnosis & Proper Management Jan Dy Lee, M.D., Chee Young Lim, M.D. 1, Hyoung Il Kim, M.D. 1, Chul Woon Chung,

More information

<30312DC1A4BAB8C5EBBDC5C7E0C1A4B9D7C1A4C3A52DC1A4BFB5C3B62E687770>

<30312DC1A4BAB8C5EBBDC5C7E0C1A4B9D7C1A4C3A52DC1A4BFB5C3B62E687770> Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering 한국정보통신학회논문지(J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng.) Vol. 19, No. 2 : 258~264 Feb. 2015 ID3 알고리즘 기반의 귀납적 추론을 활용한 모바일 OS의 성공과 실패에 대한

More information

지원연구분야 ( 코드 ) LC0202 과제번호 창의과제프로그램공개가능여부과제성격 ( 기초, 응용, 개발 ) 응용실용화대상여부실용화공개 ( 공개, 비공개 ) ( 국문 ) 연구과제명 과제책임자 세부과제 ( 영문 ) 구분 소속위암연구과직위책임연구원

지원연구분야 ( 코드 ) LC0202 과제번호 창의과제프로그램공개가능여부과제성격 ( 기초, 응용, 개발 ) 응용실용화대상여부실용화공개 ( 공개, 비공개 ) ( 국문 ) 연구과제명 과제책임자 세부과제 ( 영문 ) 구분 소속위암연구과직위책임연구원 지원연구분야 ( 코드 ) LC0202 과제번호 1110550 창의과제프로그램공개가능여부과제성격 ( 기초, 응용, 개발 ) 응용실용화대상여부실용화공개 ( 공개, 비공개 ) ( 국문 ) 연구과제명 과제책임자 세부과제 ( 영문 ) 구분 1 2 3 소속위암연구과직위책임연구원 성명류근원전공외과 세부과제명 세부과제책임자 성명 소속 ( 직위 ) 전공 총연구기간 2011

More information

Abstract Musculoskeletal Symptoms and Related Factors for Nurses and Radiological Technologists Wearing a Lead Apron for Radiation Pro t e c t i o n Jung-Im Yoo, Jung-Wan Koo 1 ) Angio Unit, Team of Radiology,

More information

연하곤란

연하곤란 2015.03.04 부울경소화기내시경지회 Intramucosal gastric cancer: The rate of lymph node metastasis in signet ring cell carcinoma was as low as that in welldifferentiated adenocarcinoma 인제대부산백병원 소화기내과 지삼룡 Signet ring

More information

(

( 317 318 319 320 1 3 5 5 5 5 2 321 : 1.,,,,, 06 2. X-ray beam penetration (density) (contrast) 03 3. patch coating, precipitation, flaking 03 4. centering 03 5. Esophagus, cardia, fundus, body, angle, antrum,

More information

04조남훈

04조남훈 Received : 2011. 11. 16 Reviewed : 2011. 11. 25 Accpeted : 2011. 12. 5 A Case Report of Prescribing Yanghyeolgeopung-tang(yangxuequfeng-tang) to Two Patients with Cervical Disc Herniation and Headache

More information

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호

975_983 특집-한규철, 정원호 Focused Issue of This Month Gyu Cheol an, MD Department of Otolaryngology ead & Neck Surgery, Gachon University of College Medicine E - mail : han@gilhospital.com Won-o Jung, MD Department of Otolaryngology

More information

김범수

김범수 Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumers of the alimentary tract, and these tumors arise from primitive mesenchymal cells. Duodenal GISTs comprise 4-5% of all GISTs. In this article, we

More information

388 The Korean Journal of Hepatology : Vol. 6. No COMMENT 1. (dysplastic nodule) (adenomatous hyperplasia, AH), (macroregenerative nodule, MR

388 The Korean Journal of Hepatology : Vol. 6. No COMMENT 1. (dysplastic nodule) (adenomatous hyperplasia, AH), (macroregenerative nodule, MR 6 3 2000 ; 387-392 (3) Dysplastic Nodule Young Nyun Park, M.D., Chanil Park, M.D. Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine BRIEF HISTORY 56. AST/ALT 72/73 IU/L, total bilirubin 0.7

More information

Jkbcs032.hwp

Jkbcs032.hwp Clinical Correlation of HER-2/neu Overexpression in Patients with Breast Cancer Sung Yong Kim, Tae Yoon Kim, Jae Jun Kim, Chang Ho Kim, Ok Pyung Song, Min Hyuk Lee, Eui Han Kim 1, and Moo Sik Cho Departments

More information

1..

1.. Volume 12, Number 1, 6~16, Factors influencing consultation time and waiting time of ambulatory patients in a tertiary teaching hospital Jee-In Hwang College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University :

More information

( )Jksc057.hwp

( )Jksc057.hwp 직장암환자의전직장간막절제술의 예측인자분석 : 불완전절제와절제시간에영향을미치는인자에관한연구 Analysis of Factors Affecting the Degree of Difficulty in Total Mesorectal Excision for Rectal Cancer: Investigation of the Factors Affecting Incomplete

More information

06. Clinical Practice - Roadmap to diagnosis.hwp

06. Clinical Practice - Roadmap to diagnosis.hwp 대한내과학회지 : 제 92 권제 2 호 2017 https://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2017.92.2.150 Roadmap to diagnosis 증상이있는담낭담석증환자의접근법 ; 총담관담석의위험도에따라서 한림대학교의과대학한림대학교성심병원내과 문성훈 An Approach to Patients with Symptomatic Cholelithiasis

More information

기관고유연구사업결과보고

기관고유연구사업결과보고 기관고유연구사업결과보고 작성요령 2001 ~ 2004 2005 ~ 2007 2008 ~ 2010 2001 ~ 2004 2005 ~ 2007 2008 ~ 2010 1 2/3 2 1 0 2 3 52 0 31 83 12 6 3 21 593 404 304 1,301 4 3 1 8 159 191 116 466 6 11 (`1: (1: 16 33 44 106

More information

Kaes025.hwp

Kaes025.hwp 고위험군유두상갑상선암환자에대한방사성옥소최대허용선량측정법및치료법의검증 Verification of Measurement Methods and Therapeutic Efficacy of Maximum Permissible Dose of I-131 in High Risk Patients with Differentiated Papillary Thyroid Cancer

More information

Can032.hwp

Can032.hwp Chromosomal Alterations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines Detected by Comparative Genomic Hybridization Sang Jin Park 1, Mahn Joon Ha, Ph.D. 1, Hugh Chul Kim, M.D. 2 and Hyon Ju Kim, M.D. 1 1 Laboratory

More information

ECG & EP CASES Young-Keun On, MD, PhD Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine Cardiac & Vascular Center, Samsung Medical Center Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea A case of

More information

Jkbcs042.hwp

Jkbcs042.hwp Invasive Ductal Carcinoma Arising from Axillary Accessory Breast Tae Wan Kim, Sang Wook Kang, Ji Young Park 2, Seung Sang Ko 1, Min Hee Hur 1, Hae Kyung Lee 1, Sung Soo Kang 1, and Jee Hyun Lee 1 Department

More information

005송영일

005송영일 Received : 2015. 12. 09 Reviewed : 2015. 12. 16 Accepted : 2015. 12. 16 Sternal Fracture occurred after Thai Massage : A Case Report Young-Il Song, K.M.D. 1, Dong-Eun Kim, K.M.D. 1 1 Department of Rehabilitation

More information

untitled

untitled 대한수혈학회지:제권 제호, 0 한 대학병원의 혈액 폐기 분석 김병철ㆍ서영익ㆍ채금란ㆍ신정원ㆍ최태윤 = Abstract = 순천향대학교 의과대학 서울병원 진단검사의학교실 Analysis of Discarded Blood Components at a University Hospital in Korea Byung Chul Kim, Young Ik Seo, Gum Ran

More information

Investment Proposal

Investment Proposal SonoEye TM 소개 유방초음파영상검색시스템 2005. 2. 캐드임팩트 www.cadimpact.com 내용 1. 유방암동향및진단 2. 제품소개 2 선진국시장에서상업화된 CAD 시스템들 R2 Mammography ( 유방암 ) 1,500 systems until 2004. 10. (about 200,000$) icad Mammography R2 & icad

More information

<30352EB0A3BAB4B8AE2E687770>

<30352EB0A3BAB4B8AE2E687770> The Korean Journal of Hepatology 2007 ; 13 : 571-575 DOI: 10.3350/kjhep.2007.13.4.571 이번 호의 간 병리(32) 혼합 간세포-담관세포암종 순천향대학교병원 병리과 진윤미 진소영 Combined Hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma Yoon-Mi Jeen, M.D. and

More information

저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할

저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할 저작자표시 - 비영리 - 변경금지 2.0 대한민국 이용자는아래의조건을따르는경우에한하여자유롭게 이저작물을복제, 배포, 전송, 전시, 공연및방송할수있습니다. 다음과같은조건을따라야합니다 : 저작자표시. 귀하는원저작자를표시하여야합니다. 비영리. 귀하는이저작물을영리목적으로이용할수없습니다. 변경금지. 귀하는이저작물을개작, 변형또는가공할수없습니다. 귀하는, 이저작물의재이용이나배포의경우,

More information

( )Kju269.hwp

( )Kju269.hwp 만성세균성전립선염모델흰쥐에서 의항염효과 Anti-inflammatory Effect of Lycopene on Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis Rat Model Cho Hwan Yang, Dong Wan Sohn, Yong-Hyun Cho From the Department of Urology, The Catholic University

More information

Jkafm093.hwp

Jkafm093.hwp 가정의학회지 2004;25:721-739 비만은 심혈관 질환, 고혈압 및 당뇨병에 각각 위험요인이고 다양한 내과적, 심리적 장애와 연관이 있는 질병이다. 체중감소는 비만한 사람들에 있어 이런 위험을 감소시키고 이들 병발 질환을 호전시킨다고 알려져 있고 일반적으로 많은 사람들에게 건강을 호전시킬 것이라는 믿음이 있어 왔다. 그러나 이런 믿음을 지지하는 연구들은

More information

Jksvs019(8-15).hwp

Jksvs019(8-15).hwp Grade I Grade II Grade III 12 대한혈관외과학회지 : 제 20 권 제 1 호 2004 Control Group A Group B Fig. 4. Microscopic findings of vein wall in control, group A and group B on the day of 7 after venous occlusion. The

More information

한약치료와표적항암요법 ( 아피니토 ) 을병행하여부분관해된신세포암간전이환자 1 례 Abstract Sung-Hwan Chang 1, Ji-Hye Park 1,2, Hwa Seung Yoo,2*

한약치료와표적항암요법 ( 아피니토 ) 을병행하여부분관해된신세포암간전이환자 1 례 Abstract Sung-Hwan Chang 1, Ji-Hye Park 1,2, Hwa Seung Yoo,2* https://doi.org/10.15432/jkto.2017.22.2.013 한약치료와표적항암요법 ( 아피니토 ) 을병행하여부분관해된신세포암간전이환자 1 례 Abstract Sung-Hwan Chang 1, Ji-Hye Park 1,2, Hwa Seung Yoo,2* 1 JangDeuk Integrative Medical Center, Korean Medicine

More information

6.Kaes013( ).hwp

6.Kaes013( ).hwp 갑상선결핵 - 증례보고및문헌고찰 Tuberculosis of the Thyroid Gland - Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literatures Se Yeom Park, M.D., Jong Geun Lee, M.D., Bong Ok Yoo, M.D., Oh Kyoung Kwon, M.D. and Myoung Jin Joo,

More information

Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy

Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy 2013. 2. 2 대한간암연구학회 7차 심포지움 및 학술대회 Indication and Clinical Outcomes of Metachronous HCC Metastasectomy Shin Hwang Division of Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan

More information

Jkbcs030(10)( ).hwp

Jkbcs030(10)( ).hwp Treatment of Breast Fibroadenoma with Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation Doo Min Sohn, Hyo Won Lee, Tae Yun Kim, Dan Song, Sung Yong Kim, Chul Wan Lim and Min Hyuk Lee Department of Surgery, College of

More information

¼Û±âÇõ

¼Û±âÇõ 223 Table 1. Results of FEV 1.0, Methacholine Challenge Test, and Exercise Provocation Test in Eight Patients Who Performed PFT Pts Tests 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 FEV 1.0 (%pred) 66.6 88.8 120 101 90.5 95.4 91.6

More information

Table 1. Distribution by site and stage of laryngeal cancer Supraglottic Glottic Transglottic Total Stage Total 20

Table 1. Distribution by site and stage of laryngeal cancer Supraglottic Glottic Transglottic Total Stage Total 20 KISEP Head and Neck Korean J Otolaryngol 1999;42:1284-9 후두암수술환자에대한치료성적 송달원 김희준 정현수 김영한 안재현 이복수 박선호 Treatment Result in Laryngeal Cancer Patients Submitted to Surgical Treatment Dal Won Song, MD, Hee Jun

More information

±èÇ¥³â

±èÇ¥³â 533 Fig. 1. Dead zone. Nine echoes are positioned 2-10 mm below the scan surface with 1 mm distance. All nine echoes are clearly visualized. 534 Fig. 2. Vertical and horizontal measurement. 10 cm distance

More information

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770>

<283732372D3733312920B4D9C3CAC1A120BCD2C7C1C6AEC4DCC5C3C6AEB7BBC1EEC0C720B3EBBEC8C0C720BDC3B7C2BAB8C1A4BFA120B4EBC7D120C0AFBFEBBCBA20C6F2B0A1283035292E687770> 대한안과학회지 제 49 권 제 5 호 2008 J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 49(5):727-731, 2008 DOI : 10.3341/jkos.2008.49.5.727 다초점 소프트콘택트렌즈의 노안의 시력보정에 대한 유용성 평가 김현경 1 김효명 2 정성근 1 가톨릭대학교 의과대학 성모병원 안과학교실 1, 고려대학교 의과대학 안암병원 안과학교실

More information

서론 34 2

서론 34 2 34 2 Journal of the Korean Society of Health Information and Health Statistics Volume 34, Number 2, 2009, pp. 165 176 165 진은희 A Study on Health related Action Rates of Dietary Guidelines and Pattern of

More information

제98회 공동 건강교실 - 2005 한국인의 암 - 부인암의 예방과 치료 2005. 4.20 배 덕 수 성균관대 의대 교수 / 삼성서울병원 산부인과 김 병 기 성균관대 의대 교수 / 삼성서울병원 산부인과 목 차 자궁경부암의 예방과 치료 (강연 : 배덕수( 裵 悳 秀 ) 삼성서울병원 산부인과 교수) Ⅰ. 자궁경부암의 소개 Ⅱ. 자궁경부암의 원인 Ⅲ. 자궁경부암의

More information

14.531~539(08-037).fm

14.531~539(08-037).fm G Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute Vol. 20, No. 4, pp. 531~539, August, 2008 š x y w m š gj p { sƒ z 1) * 1) w w Evaluation of Flexural Strength for Normal and High Strength Concrete with Hooked

More information

........-55..9.30

........-55..9.30 MYONGJI ST. MARY S HOSPITAL EXCELLENT STROKE TREATMENT CENTER The president of Myongji St. Mary s Hospital M.D. HUH, CHOON WOONG Graduated from Seoul Catholic Medical College. Achived M.D. in Neurosurgeon.

More information

( ) Jkra076.hwp

( ) Jkra076.hwp Vol. 11, No. 4, December, 2004 Objective: Ultrasonography (USG) of joints has a unique position for the diagnosis of joint diseases. Bone surface, cartilage, periarticular soft tissue and their pathologic

More information

untitled

untitled 제 14 차간담췌외과연수강좌 Pancreatobiliary Disease on Ultrasound 서울대학교의과대학영상의학과 이재영 Introduction 외과의사가알아야할기초적이고쉬운 pancreatobiliary disease의초음파소견에대해설명하고자한다. 각질환에서초음파의역할은무엇이며진단에있어어떤점에중점을두고진단을하는지감별점중가장중요한것은무엇이며주의점은무엇인지간략하게알아보고자한다.

More information

l l l l l l l l l Lee, Geon Kook None This project was designed to establish the Tumor Bank of National Cancer Center in 2000. From the first tumor sample in 2000, the total of tumor and tumor-related

More information

03-서연옥.hwp

03-서연옥.hwp 농업생명과학연구 49(4) pp.31-37 Journal of Agriculture & Life Science 49(4) pp.31-37 Print ISSN 1598-5504 Online ISSN 2383-8272 http://dx.doi.org/10.14397/jals.2015.49.4.31 국가산림자원조사 자료를 적용한 충남지역 사유림경영율 추정 서연옥

More information

16(2)-7(p ).fm

16(2)-7(p ).fm w wz 16«2y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 2. 2006 ü t xy y w tœ ½ BÁ x BC B y w w w C y w w w Current Status and Expectations of Orphan Drugs in Korea -In point of supplying medicines for the rare

More information

<C1A63436C8B820BCBCB9CCB3AA2DC6EDC1FD2E687770>

<C1A63436C8B820BCBCB9CCB3AA2DC6EDC1FD2E687770> E-I. 개원가에서흔히보는담도췌장질환의해결 Room E 담낭벽비후성질환 이강녕ㆍ최호순 한양대학교의과대학소화기내과학교실 Thickened Gallbladder Wall Kang Nyeong Lee, Ho Soon Choi Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul,

More information

Cholangiocarcinoma Arising from Remnant Choledochal Cyst 증례 Todani 1 (Fig. 1), (Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy). 1., 118/88 mmhg, 75 /

Cholangiocarcinoma Arising from Remnant Choledochal Cyst 증례 Todani 1 (Fig. 1), (Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy). 1., 118/88 mmhg, 75 / Case Report The Korean Journal of Pancreas and Biliary Tract 2017;22:147-151 https://doi.org/10.15279/kpba.2017.22.3.147 pissn 1976-3573 eissn 2288-0941 선천성담관낭종수술후잔류낭종에서 15 년만에발생한담관암 울산대학교의과대학서울아산병원 1

More information

( )Kjhps043.hwp

( )Kjhps043.hwp Difference of Fistula Maturation Degree and Physical Property by the Types of Tube Material: An Experimental Study Sang Koo Kang, M.D. 1, Hee Chul Yu, M.D. 1,4, Woo Sung Moon, M.D. 2,4, Ju Hyoung Lee,

More information

±è¹ÎÁö

±è¹ÎÁö 531 김민지 외: 미숙아에 발생한 의인성 식도천공과 기종격증 및 종격동염 A B C D E F Fig. 1. Chest radiographs and CT scans of a premature infant. Chest radiograph at 6 days after birth (A) shows left paravertebral radiolucency at the

More information

- 2 -

- 2 - - 1 - - 2 - 전기자동차충전기기술기준 ( 안 ) - 3 - 1 3 1-1 3 1-2 (AC) 26 1-3 (DC) 31 2 37 3 40-4 - 1 14, 10,, 2 3. 1-1 1. (scope) 600 V (IEC 60038) 500 V. (EV : Electric Vehicle) (PHEV : Plug-in Hybrid EV).. 2. (normative

More information

< FB5B5BAF1B6F32C20B8F1C2F D34292E687770>

< FB5B5BAF1B6F32C20B8F1C2F D34292E687770> Case Report J Sasang Constitut Med 2014;26(4):379-388 http://dx.doi.org/10.7730/jscm.2014.26.4.379 Abstract A Case Study of Soyangin Patient with Hyperhidrosis Treated Successfully with Hyungbangsabaek-san(

More information

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr

자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 A B Fig. 1. High-contrast spatial resolution in phantom test. A. Slice 1 with three sets of hole arr Original Article pissn 1738-2637 J Korean Soc Radiol 2012;67(2):129-134 The Survey of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quality according to in Korea 1 자기공명영상장치(MRI) 자장세기에 따른 MRI 품질관리 영상검사의 개별항목점수 실태조사 1 Hyun-Hae

More information

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie

Abstract Background : Most hospitalized children will experience physical pain as well as psychological distress. Painful procedure can increase anxie Volume 12, Number 1, 92~102, An Intervention Study of Pain Reduction during IV Therapy in Hospitalized Children Myo-Jin Kim 1), Joung-Hae Bak 1), Won-Seok Seo 2) Mi-Young Kim 3), Sun-Kyoung Park 3), Jai-Soung

More information

Crt114( ).hwp

Crt114( ).hwp cdna Microarray Experiment: Design Issues in Early Stage and the Need of Normalization Byung Soo Kim, Ph.D. 1, Sunho Lee, Ph.D. 2, Sun Young Rha, M.D., Ph.D. 3,4 and Hyun Cheol Chung, M.D., Ph.D. 3,4 1

More information

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구

한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 한국성인에서초기황반변성질환과 연관된위험요인연구 - - i - - i - - ii - - iii - - iv - χ - v - - vi - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - 그림 1. 연구대상자선정도표 - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - 그림 2. 연구의틀 χ - 9 - - 10 - - 11 -

More information

04_이근원_21~27.hwp

04_이근원_21~27.hwp 1) KIGAS Vol. 16, No. 5, pp 21~27, 2012 (Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas) http://dx.doi.org/10.7842/kigas.2012.16.5.21 실험실의 사례 분석에 관한 연구 이근원 이정석 한국산업안전보건공단 산업안전보건연구원 (2012년 9월 5일 투고, 2012년 10월 19일

More information

À̱ٿµ

À̱ٿµ 607 Table 1. Diagnostic Accuracy in the Detection of Urinary Stone Between CT Urography (CTU) and Intravenous Urography (IVU) (n=34) CTU Urinary stone (+) Urinary stone ( ) (n=27) (n=7) IVU Urinary stone

More information

Àü°æ³à

Àü°æ³à 361 A B Fig. 1. A 43-year-old man with simple pulmonary eosinophilia. The laboratory findings show peripheral blood eosinophilia (1546/ L) and a positive stool test for clonorchiasis sinensis. Low-dose

More information

γ

γ 경락경혈학회지 Vol.27, No.1, pp.87 106, 2010 Journal of Meridian & Acupoint Dept. of 1 Meridian & Acupoint, 3 Acupuncture & Moxibustion, College of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon University 2 Division of Clinical

More information

<B0E6C8F1B4EBB3BBB0FAC0D3BBF3B0ADC1C E687770>

<B0E6C8F1B4EBB3BBB0FAC0D3BBF3B0ADC1C E687770> 개원의와함께하는임상강좌 2011 역류성식도질환제대로이해하기 Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Jae-Young Jang, M.D., PhD. 개원의와함께하는임상강좌 2011 109 최신치료

More information

원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현

원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현 원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현 원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 연세대학교대학원 의학과 남상현 원위부요척골관절질환에서의초음파 유도하스테로이드주사치료의효과 - 후향적 1 년경과관찰연구 - 지도김석원교수 이논문을석사학위논문으로제출함

More information

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있

달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 Ⅰ. 서 론 Ⅱ. 연구대상 및 방법 達 은 23) 의 丹 溪 에 최초로 기 재된 처방으로, 에 복용하면 한 다하여 난산의 예방과 및, 등에 널리 활용되어 왔다. 達 은 이 毒 하고 는 甘 苦 하여 氣, 氣 寬,, 結 의 효능이 있 대한한방부인과학회지 THE JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY VOL.17, NO.2 : 115-122 (2004) 달생산이 초산모 분만시간에 미치는 영향 * 북경한의원, ** 윤산부인과의원, *** 최은림산부인과의원, 상지대학교 한의과대학 부인과학교실 ****, 경희대학교 동서의학대학원 김성준 *****, 윤왕준

More information

<303120C0CCBBF3B8F12DC0CCB1D4BFEB2E687770>

<303120C0CCBBF3B8F12DC0CCB1D4BFEB2E687770> Sang Mok Lee, M.D., Boo Jung, M.D., Kyu-Yong Lee, M.D., Young Joo Lee, M.D., Jin Hwan Cheong, M.D., Jae Min Kim, M.D. Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hanyang University College of Medicine,

More information

8 월대한소화기내시경학회교육자료 - 위이소성췌장에서발생한췌장염과가성낭종 이소성췌장은선천성기형의하나로, 주로위와십이지장에위치하며대부분증상없이우연히발견된다. 1,2 이소성췌장은정상췌장에서나타나는췌장염, 가성낭종, 농양, 출혈, 괴사등의병적인변화를겪을수있으며, 병변의위치와크

8 월대한소화기내시경학회교육자료 - 위이소성췌장에서발생한췌장염과가성낭종 이소성췌장은선천성기형의하나로, 주로위와십이지장에위치하며대부분증상없이우연히발견된다. 1,2 이소성췌장은정상췌장에서나타나는췌장염, 가성낭종, 농양, 출혈, 괴사등의병적인변화를겪을수있으며, 병변의위치와크 8 월대한소화기내시경학회교육자료 - 위이소성췌장에서발생한췌장염과가성낭종 이소성췌장은선천성기형의하나로, 주로위와십이지장에위치하며대부분증상없이우연히발견된다. 1,2 이소성췌장은정상췌장에서나타나는췌장염, 가성낭종, 농양, 출혈, 괴사등의병적인변화를겪을수있으며, 병변의위치와크기에따라위장관폐쇄, 협착, 장중첩증등을동반하기도한다. 3-5 증상이없는경우이소성췌장에대한특별한치료가필요하지않지만증상이나합병증을동반하는경우치료가필요하며,

More information

- iii - - i - - ii - - iii - 국문요약 종합병원남자간호사가지각하는조직공정성 사회정체성과 조직시민행동과의관계 - iv - - v - - 1 - - 2 - - 3 - - 4 - - 5 - - 6 - - 7 - - 8 - - 9 - - 10 - - 11 - - 12 - - 13 - - 14 - α α α α - 15 - α α α α α α

More information

ºÎÁ¤¸ÆV10N³»Áö

ºÎÁ¤¸ÆV10N³»Áö case of brugada syndrome presented as chest pain STRCT rugada syndrome was described in 1992 as a new clinical entity characterized by electrocardiographic STsegment elevation in the right precordial leads

More information

ÀÇÇа�ÁÂc00Ì»óÀÏ˘

ÀÇÇа�ÁÂc00Ì»óÀÏ˘ Common Allergic Diseases in Children Sang - Il Lee, M.D. Department of pediatrics Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center E - mail : silee@smc.samsung.co.kr Abstract Allergy

More information

석사논문.PDF

석사논문.PDF ABO Rh A study on the importance of ABO and Rh blood groups information in Public Health 2000 2 1 ABO Rh A study on the importance of ABO and Rh blood groups information in Public Health 2000 2 2 ABO Rh

More information

조기 위암 집담회 부산대학교 병원 CASE

조기 위암 집담회   부산대학교 병원 CASE 부산대학교병원 CASE PRESENTATION 전임의이현정 2013.10.02 CASE PRESENTATION F/79 C.C) Epigastric soreness P.I) 2011년 4월외부병원시행한 EGD 상병변보여본원의뢰됨 P.Hx) HT / DM / Hepa / Tbc - / - / - / - S.Hx) smoking (-), alcohol (-) F.Hx)

More information

82-01.fm

82-01.fm w y wz 8«( 2y) 57~61, 2005 J. of the Korean Society for Environmental Analysis p w w Á Á w w» y l Analysis of Influence Factors and Corrosion Characteristics of Water-pipe in Potable Water System Jae Seong

More information

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm

16(1)-3(국문)(p.40-45).fm w wz 16«1y Kor. J. Clin. Pharm., Vol. 16, No. 1. 2006 x w$btf3fqpsu'psn û w m w Department of Statistics, Chonnam National University Eunsik Park College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University

More information

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö

Àå¾Ö¿Í°í¿ë ³»Áö Disability & Employment 55 Disability & Employment 56 57 Disability & Employment 58 59 Disability & Employment 60 61 Disability & Employment 62 63 Disability & Employment 64 65 Disability & Employment

More information

untitled

untitled 대한내시경복강경외과학회지 Vol. 14. No. 1, 2011 급성합병성담낭염의치료에서 PTGBD 의유용성 원저 을지대학교병원외과 김정혁ㆍ박혜원ㆍ이문수ㆍ이민구ㆍ조병선ㆍ박주승 Impact of PTGBD on Patients with Acute Complicated Cholecystitis: Consecutive 4,000 Cases of Laparoscopic

More information

109~120 õÃʾàħ Ä¡·á

109~120  õÃʾàħ Ä¡·á 109 DOI : 10.3831/KPI.2010.13.3.109 Received : 10. 08. 13 Revised : 10. 09. 06 A Case Study Of Patients With Knee Joint Pain Treated With Rubiae Radix Pharmacopuncture Accepted : 10. 09. 07 Key Words:

More information

Sok Kyun Hong, et al : A case of carcinoid tumor of ampulla of vater presenting as asthmatic symptoms :, 57 : : kg. :, 1998 l. :. :, 110/70 mmh

Sok Kyun Hong, et al : A case of carcinoid tumor of ampulla of vater presenting as asthmatic symptoms :, 57 : : kg. :, 1998 l. :. :, 110/70 mmh : 59 2 2000 Carcinoid 1, *, * = A bs tra c t= A cas e of carcinoid tumor of ampulla of v ater pres enting as as thmatic s y mptoms Sok Kyun Hong, M.D., Im Hw an Roe, M.D., Myung In Lee, M.D., Sang Hyun

More information

untitled

untitled Gallbladder, Perihilar Bile Ducts & Distal Bile Duct 연세대학교의과대학세브란스병원외과학교실 김경식 서론암의병기결정은 1977년 1판 AJCC cancer staging 이나온이래 6 8년의주기로개정작업이시행되어왔다. 2002년개정된 6판은간문부암에대한병기가세분되어있지않았고담낭암및담도암에있어서림프절침범유무에만구분하였으나

More information

Trd022.hwp

Trd022.hwp 김신태, 이선녕, 이석정, 정필문, 박홍준, 신명상, 김종환, 이부길, 김상하, 리원연, 신계철, 용석중 Shin-Tae Kim, M.D., Shun Nyung Lee, M.D., Seok Jeong Lee, M.D., Pil Moon Jung, M.D., Hong Jun Park, M.D., Myung Sang Shin, M.D., Chong Whan Kim,

More information